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CFLM 1
Nationalism and Patriotism

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 TEACHER’S PROFILE

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Facebook: Criseljosa Lacapag
Contact No: 09120016473
Email Address: lacapag07@gmailcom

A LITTLE BIT ABOUT CRISEL

AN ALUMNA OF YLLANA BAY VIEW COLLEGE. GRADUATE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN

CRIMINOLOGY AND A LICENSED CRIMINOLOGIST.
A WOMAN WITH A BIG HEART, FULL OF COURAGE AND KINDNESS.
I BELIEVE THAT,
“THE LORD IS NEAR TO ALL WHO CALL UPON HIM, TO ALL WHO CALL UPON HIM IN TRUTH”
PSALMS 145:18

COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL
JUSTICE EDUCATION
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 Letter to Students

Dearest Students,
During these trying times, I am very much hopeful and optimistic
that you are in good health and still has the willingness and desire to learn
new things amid this pandemic.
We are left with only one option and that is to continue learning
without sacrificing your health and safety.
Thus, we in the academe have prepared so much to devise ways and means
for us to deliver good quality of education by applying the
different learning modalities.
I do hope that this learning course module will help you a lot in
preparation of becoming future full-pledged professionals.
As your instructor, I am always here to guide you and be a living witness of your
efforts with your quest towards academic excellence and professionalism.

Have fun in learning at the comfort of your homes!

Stay home! Stay safe! God bless!

Truly yours,
CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Crim. 4 Instructor

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents Page Number
5
Institutional Cover 1
Program (Departmental) Cover 2
Instructor’s Profile 3
Welcome Letter to Students 5
Table of Contents 6-7
Course Outline 8-11
Instructor’s Note 12
WEEK 1
Module 1: Filipino influences traits and characteristics 13
a. Contributing factors for character formation 13
b. Factors that influence Filipino character formation 14
c. Determining character or personality types 14
d. General Types of Character 14
e. Types of Character 15
ASSESSMENT NO. 1 16
WEEK 2
Module 2: The six (6) pillars of good character 17
a. Dimension of Honesty 17
b. Qualities of a Respectful person 18
c. Qualities of a Responsible person 18
ASSESSMENT NO. 2 19
WEEK 3
Module 3: Characteristics Traits 20
ASSESSMENT NO. 3 21
WEEK 4
FIRST PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
WEEK 5
Module 4: Filipino influences traits and characteristics 22
a. Positive Traits 22-23
b. Negative Traits of the Filipino 23-24
ASSESSMENT NO. 4 25-26
WEEK 6
Module 5: Filipino Character and Personality 27
a. Filipino Values Orientation 27
b. Nationalism 28-30
ASSESSMENT NO. 5 31-32
WEEK 7
Module 6: Patriotism 33
a. Kinds of Patriotism 33
b. Types of Patriotism 34
c. Difference between Nationalism and Patriotism 34
ASSESSMENT NO. 6 35
WEEK 8
SECOND PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
WEEK 9
Module 7: Filipino Nationalism 36-37
a. Philippine symbols that promotes a sense of Nationalism 38-39
ASSESSMENT NO. 7-A 40-41
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 ASSESSMENT NO. 7-B 42
WEEK 10
Module 8: Important dates, events and person in the rise of Filipino 43-46
nationalism
ASSESSMENT NO. 8 47-48
WEEK 11
th
Module 9: Three leading Reformists in 19 century 49-50
a. Other Filipino reformists 51-52
b. The founding and relevance of katipunan 52
ASSESSMENT NO. 9 53-54
WEEK 12
MIDTERM EXAMINATION
WEEK 13
Module 10: Filipino Core Values 55-57
ASSESSMENT NO. 10 58
WEEK 14
Module 11: Filipino Core Values 59
a. The Five Core Filipino Values 59
b. The Philippine National Police Core Values 60
ASSESSMENT NO. 11-A 61
ASSESSMENT NO. 11-B 62
WEEK 15
Module 12: Related Philippine laws that promotes nationalism and 63
patriotism
a. Gender and Development 64
b. Gender and development related laws and issuances in the Philippines 65
c. ASSESSMENT NO. 12 66
d. Areas or Channels of Socialization 67-72
ASSESSMENT NO. 13-A 73-74
ASSESSMENT NO. 13-B 75
WEEK 16
SEMI-FINAL EXAMINATION
WEEK 17
Module 13: Citizenship 76-77
ASSESSMENT NO. 14 78
a. Naturalization 79-81
ASSESSMENT NO. 15-A 82-83
ASSESSMENT NO. 15-B 84
WEEK 18
FINAL EXAMINATION

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 YLLANA BAY VIEW COLLEGE
“The builder of future Leader”
Enerio St. Balangasan Dist., Pagadian City

COURSE OUTLINE
Course Facilitator Criseljosa W. Lacapag
Course Code and CFLM 1 (Nationalism and Patriotism)
Title
Course None
Prerequisite
Course This course covers the study of the concepts and principles of nationalism and
Description patriotism specifically the application of knowledge to law enforcement
administration, public safety and criminal justice and embodied in the application law
and jurisprudence.
Course Objectives At the end of the course, the students should be able to:
1. Know the concepts and principles of nationalism and patriotism.
2. Understand the concepts and principle of Nationalism and Patriotism of Filipino
citizen.
3. Apply the knowledge in nationalism and patriotism in law enforcement
administration, public safety and criminal justice.
4. Demonstrate the principle of nationalism and patriotism in law enforcement
administration, public safety and criminal justice.
5. Perform the concept of principles nationalism and patriotism.
SCHOOL
VISION MISSION
The attainment of quality education and academic The Yllana Bay View College, Inc. is committed as
excellence to produce a well-rounded individual. a steward of excellent service and quality education
with utmost dedication and commitment especially
to the less fortunate students.
DEPARTMENT
VISION MISSION
The realization of better Criminal Justice Education in The College of Criminal Justice Education is
preparation to quality law enforcement service. dedicated to produce professional in of law
enforcement practice who are not just locally
updated on security and police principles but
globally competitive.
Time Frame FIRST PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION (WEEK 1-4)
Flexible Learning Intermittent Teaching & Offline Learning Modalities (Combination
of Face-to- Face, Online Class and Home Learning Module)

Week Intermittent and Offline Course (Output)

Topics (Input)

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 General Class and Course 1. Get Oriented About the Course,
Week 1 Orientation Its Requirements, and
1. Discuss Course Outline, Requirements Classroom Protocols
(Outputs), and 2. Receive Course Packet
Classroom Protocols
Distribute Course Module
MODULE 1 Answer Assessment no. 1
Filipino influences traits and characteristics
http://bit.ly/2NRlxN7
http://bit.lt/37Wgbbu

End of Week 1
MODULE 2
Week 2 Answer Assessment no. 2
The six (6) pillars of good character
http://bit.ly/3b2xh9y
http://bit.ly/3bMTVC2
End of Week 2
MODULE 3
Week 3 Answer Assessment no. 3
Character Traits
http://bit.ly/3brDoEp
http://bit.ly/3quv9Mr
End of Week 3

1st Preliminary Examination

Week 4
End of Week 4
Time Frame SECOND PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION (WEEK 5-8)
MODULE 4
Week 5 Filipino influences traits and characteristics Answer Assessment no. 4

http://bit.ly/2QBxRDw http://bit.ly/3w05U8o

End of Week 5
MODULE 5 Answer Assessment no. 5
Week 6 Filipino Character and Personality
http://bit.ly/3chOz2X
http://bit.ly/3tRJ6pM

End of Week 6
MODULE 6 Answer Activity no. 6
Week 7 Patriotism
http://bit.ly/3d39xBT
http://bit.ly/3fgUQOn
End of Week 7

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 2nd Preliminary
Week 8 Examination
End of Week 8
Time Frame MIDTERM EXAMINATION (WEEK 9-12)
MODULE 7
Week 9 Answer the Activity no. 7
Filipino Nationalism
http://bit.ly/2Qhlv2B
http://bit.ly/2PdS5CS
http://bit.ly/32Ftb2a

End of Week 9
MODULE 8
Week 10 Answer the Activity no. 8
Important dates, events and person in the
rise of Filipino nationalism http://bit.ly/3xhTOrU

http://bit.ly/3etflWb
End of Week 10
Week 11 MODULE 9 Answer the Assessment no. 9

Three leading Reformists in 19th century http://bit.ly/3awcpXw

http://bit.ly/3eruSG0
End of Week 11
Week 12 Midterm Examination
End of Week 12
Time Frame SEMI-FINAL EXAMINATION (WEEK 13-16)
MODULE 10
Week 13 Answer the Assessment no. 10
Filipino Core Values
https://bit.ly/2PwjT5x
https://bit.ly/3sWUiAB
End of Week 13
Week 14 MODULE 11 Answer the Activity no. 11

Filipino Core Values https://bit.ly/3u4oOts

https://bit.ly/3aQvV10 https://bit.ly/32Y7Y3E

End of Week 14
Week 15 MODULE 12
Answer the Assessment no. 12
Related Philippine laws that promotes
nationalism and patriotism https://bit.ly/2QETCme
Answer the Assessment no. 13
https://bit.ly/3gSXFGp
https://bit.ly/3xzW8uw
Areas or Channels of Socialization
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 https://bit.ly/2PymWub
https://bit.ly/3gLUhwM
End of Week 15
Week 16 Semi-final Examination End of Week 16
Time Frame FINAL EXAMINATION (WEEK 17-18)
MODULE 13
Week 17 Citizenship Answer the Assessment no. 14
https://bit.ly/2R5nLeg
https://bit.ly/3e1ez3N
Naturalization
Answer the Assessment no. 15
https://bit.ly/3u4qOSv
https://bit.ly/3vr6087

https://bit.ly/32Vfhct

End of Week 17
Week 18 Final Examination End of Week 18

INSTRUCTOR’S NOTE
CRIM. 4 students,

Welcome to the First Semester of School Year 2021-2022!

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 Please take time to read, analyze and understand the contents of this
learning packet.
CFLM 1 (Nationalism and Patriotism) is a subject that tackles about the Filipino
influences, traits and values, nationalism and patriotism, Filipino nationalism, key
values of the Filipino, related Philippine Legislation that promote culture and
patriotism, regulations and issuances associated to gender and development in
the Philippines and Citizenship.

This subject requires ample time of reading and thorough understanding. Thus, at
the end of the semester, you will be able to:

 Know the concepts and principles of Nationalism and Patriotism.

 Understand the concepts and principle of Nationalism and Patriotism of
Filipino citizen.
 Apply the knowledge in nationalism and patriotism in law enforcement
administration, public safety and criminal justice.
 Demonstrate the principle of nationalism and patriotism in law enforcement
administration, public safety and criminal justice.
 Perform the concept of principles nationalism and patriotism.

Stay at Home, be safe and Have fun in learning!

Truly yours,

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
CRIM. 4 Instructor

MODULE 1 (First Week)

CFLM 1
Prepared by: Ma’am Criseljosa W. Lacapag, RC
Objectives:
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At the end of this topic the students may be able to:
1. Understand and discuss the idea of self-leadership and appreciate the important role it plays in the
success of an organization.
2. Discuss appropriately the development of self-leadership.

TOPIC: CHAPTER I (FILIPINO INFLUENCES TRAITS AND CHARACTERISTICS)

INTRODUCTION
What is Character?
The term was derived from the Greek word “charassein,” referring to an engraving instrument; originally used
of a mark impressed upon a coin or the mark cut by it.
It is defined as a psychological notion that refers to all habitual ways of feeling and reacting of a person that
distinguish one individual from another. It is the trademark of being a person.
What is Character Formation?
It is the process by which the individual, through interaction of biologically transmitted predispositions with the
environment, develops stable pattern of functioning, thinking and feeling. It is also known as Character
Building.
CONTRIBUTING FACTORS FOR CHARACTER FORMATION
a. Parental Influence
- is the most important of all the factors responsible for personality development. In early stage of
their human existence, children adapt their parent’s mannerisms. Parents should be careful in their
ways for they establish a great influence to their children’s character.
b. Home Environment
- Home as cradle of human character and personality largely contribute to the character formation of a
child. Parents are the first educators of the children. It is their parental guidance and discipline that
creates the kind of character, personality and attitude the child has.
c. School Environment
- plays a major role in shaping a child’s personality. In school he learns how to interact and deal with
his peers. He comes to know how to engage in “playing” according to the rules and regulations. He
gets educated, learns how to read, write and communicate effectively. The school reinforce the
education that the child needs that home fails to provide.
d. Culture
- Everyone has different character and values because of the different cultures where everyone is
exposed. Influence of culture in personality and social development cannot be ignored. Those who
were born and grown up in western countries are influenced to be individualistic and competitive,
while those children brought up in Asian, African and South American countries are taught to be
cooperative.
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE FILIPINO CHARACTER FORMATION
1. Home Environment
2. Social Environment
3. Culture and Language
4. History
5. Educational system
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 6. Religion
7. Economic environment
8. Political environment
9. Mass media
10. Leadership and role model

DETERMINING CHARACTER OR PERSONALITY TYPES

Five (5) Factors that Determine Character or Personality Traits.
1. Openness
appreciation for variety of experiences.
2. Conscientiousness
planning ahead rather than being spontaneous.
3. Extraversion
being sociable, energetic and talkative.
4. Agreeableness
being kind, sympathetic and happy to help.
5. Neuroticism
inclined to worry or be vulnerable or temperamental.

GENERAL TYPES OF CHARACTERS

1. Positive Character/Good Character/ Positive Trait
- These are attributes such as integrity, honesty, courage, loyalty, fortitude and other important virtues
that promote good behavior and habits.
2. Negative Character/ Negative Trait
- A person’s predisposition to commit evil acts.
3. Neutral Character/ Neutral Trait
- Commonly used to describe a person who doesn’t pick sides in disputes; neutral also pegs anything
that refuses to be bold.

TYPES OF CHARACTERS
1. Self-realized Character
- A person with this types of character is ever enthusiastic for he knows his potentialities and
limitations. This sort of a character is an asset not only to the family but also the society in which
person lives.

2. Covetous Character
- This refers to a jealous or acquisitive character. It is held that, persons with greed will endeavor to go
all out in collecting worldly possessions and fulfilling his personal petty ambitions by adopting any
means open to him even crossing all the limits of moral and ethical limits.
3. Superstitious Character
- A type of Character were persons rely on superstitions. It is not merely bad for the individual
concerned but also for those who come in contact with this unpredictable person, who may change
his tag any moment thus leaving everybody around in the lurch. Too much reliance on superstitions
also robs us of scientific temper and forward looking approach in our life.
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4. Egoistic/Overbearing/ Bossy/ Tall-Talker
- A kind of person who thinks that world runs due to him and everything and everybody should
respect him as such. This sort of egocentric character is the bane of any society, irrespective of their
status in the society.
5. Anti-social Character
- A person who neither cares for the norms set by the society nor cares for the moral or ethical values
is an ant i-social character. He could also be termed as an OFFENSIVE CHARACTER.
6. Insincere Character
- Refers to the person who thinks others is there for serving him and is without any warmth in the
feeling for others.
7. Complacent Character
- Refers to a person showing smug or uncritical satisfaction with oneself or one’s achievements. A
person who imbibes this trait finally faces ignoble defeat for being so and learns a lesson.

CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 1

Instructions:
1. Answer the following questions.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)

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 b. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:

1. Explain in your own understanding each of the factors that influence Filipino Character Formation. (5
points each)

a. Home Environment
b. Social Environment
c. Culture and Language
d. History
e. Educational system
f. Religion
g. Economic environment
h. Political environment
i. Mass media
j. Leadership and role model

2. What is the difference between Egoistic Character and Insincere Character? (10 points)
3. For self-evaluation, what type of Character do you have? (10 points)

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor

MODULE 2 (Second Week)

CFLM 1
Prepared by: Ma’am Criseljosa W. Lacapag, RC
Objectives:
At the end of this topic the students may be able to:
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 1. Understand and discuss the idea of self-leadership and appreciate the important role it plays in the success
of an organization.
2. Discuss appropriately the development of self-leadership.

TOPIC: THE SIX (6) PILLARS OF GOOD CHARACTER

THE SIX (6) PILLARS OF GOOD CHARACTER

1. TRUSTWORTHINESS
- This is the pillar of good character that is considered the most complicated of the six core ethical
values and concerns a variety of qualities like honesty, integrity, reliability and loyalty.
a. Honesty
- There is no more fundamental ethical value than honesty. A person of good character must be a
person of honesty in both communications and conduct. Honesty in communications is expressing
the truth as best we know it and not conveying it in a way likely to mislead or deceive.

DIMENSIONS OF HONESTY
1. Truthfulness
- Presenting the facts to the best of our knowledge. Take note that, intent is the crucial distinction
between truthfulness and truth itself. Being wrong is not the same thing as lying, although honest
mistakes can still damage trust insofar as they may show sloppy judgment.
2. Sincerity
- One must observe genuineness, being without trickery or duplicity for it precludes all acts, including
half-truths, out-of-context statements, and even silence, that are intended to create beliefs or leave
impressions that are intended to create beliefs or leave impressions that are untrue or misleading.
3. Candor
- In relationships involving legitimate expectations of trust, honesty may also require candor,
forthrightness and frankness, imposing the obligations to volunteer information that another person
needs to know.
4. Integrity
- Persons of integrity are those who acts according to his beliefs, not according to expediency. The
person of integrity takes time for self-reflection, so that the events, crises and seeming necessities of
the day do not determine the course of his moral life. He stays in control. He may be courteous, even
charming, but he is never duplicitous or unfaithful.
5. Reliability (Promise-keeping)
- Reliable persons are those who keep their promises for he believes that doing so create legitimate
basis for another person to rely on him, and that he undertakes special moral duties. They accept the
responsibility of making all reasonable efforts to fulfill their commitments.
CONSIDERATION TO MAINTAIN RELIABILITY
1. Avoid Bad-Faith Excuses
2. Avoid Unwise Commitments
3. Avoid Unclear Commitments

b. Loyalty

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 - is a responsibility that each one should develop and maintain to promote the interests of certain
people, organizations or affiliations. To be trusted one must be loyal to his or husband or wife,
friends, employer, employee, organization, citizen and country.

2. RESPECT
- The Golden Rule in Human Relation, “Do unto others as you would have them do unto you”,
perfectly illustrates “respect”. When respect is observed we would prevent and pre-empt violence,
humiliation, manipulation and exploitation. It reflects notions such as civility, courtesy, decency,
dignity, autonomy, tolerance and acceptance.

QUALITIES OF A RESPECTFUL PERSON

1. Ability to Listen
2. Treats Others with Consideration
3. Capable of accepting Individual differences and Beliefs

3.RESPONSIBILITY
- It is understood that life is full of choices and everyone has its own judgment and decisions to take in
life. Being responsible means to take charge and be accountable of the consequences of what we think and
do. Our capacity to reason and our freedom to choose make us morally autonomous and, therefore,
answerable for whether we honor or degrade the ethical principles that give life meaning and purpose.

QUALITIES OF A RESPONSIBLE PERSON

a. Sense of Accountability
b. Pursuit of Excellence
c. Self-Restraint

4. FAIRNESS
- This pillar of good character involves issues of equality, impartiality, proportionality, openness and
due process.
5. CARING
- it is the heart of ethics, and ethical decision-making. It is scarcely possible to be truly ethical and yet
unconcerned with the welfare of others. The highest form of caring is the honest expression of
benevolence, or altruism.
6. CITIZENSHIP
- This pillar of good character includes civic virtues and duties that prescribe how we ought to behave
as part of a community. The good citizen knows the laws and obeys them. He volunteers and stays
informed on the issues of the day, the better to execute his duties and privileges as a member of a
self-governing democratic society.

CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 2

Instructions:
1. Answer the following questions.

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 2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
c. Yellow paper (usual for college)
d. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:

1. What is the true essence of Trustworthiness? Give a scenario. (20 points)

2. Why does respect is important? (15 points)

3. What is the difference between Truthfulness and Honesty? (15 points)

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor

MODULE 3 (Third Week)

CFLM 1
Prepared by: Ma’am Criseljosa W. Lacapag, RC
Objectives:

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At the end of this topic the students may be able to:
1. Understand and discuss the idea of self-leadership and appreciate the important role it plays in the
success of an organization.
2. Discuss appropriately the development of self-leadership.

TOPIC: CHARACTERISTICS TRAITS

1. Alertness 26. Hospitality

2. Attentiveness 27. Humility
3. Availability 28. Initiative
4. Benevolence 29. Joyfulness
5. Boldness 30. Justice
6. Cautiousness 31. Loyalty
7. Compassion 32. Meekness
8. Contentment 33. Obedience
9. Creativity 34. Orderliness
10. Decisiveness 35. Patience
11. Deference 36. Persuasiveness
12. Dependability 37. Punctuality
13. Determination 38. Resourcefulness
14. Diligence 39. Responsibility
15. Discernment 40. Security
16. Discretion 41. Self-Control
17. Endurance 42. Sensitivity
18. Enthusiasm 43. Sincerity
19. Faith 44. Thoroughness
20. Flexibility 45. Thriftiness
21. Forgiveness 46. Tolerance
22. Generosity 47. Truthfulness
23. Gentleness 48. Virtue
24. Gratefulness 49. Wisdom
25. Honor

CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 3

Instructions:
1. Answer the following questions.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
20
 a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:

1. Give the definition of every Character Traits. (50 points)

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor

MODULE 4 (Fifth Week)

CFLM 1
Prepared by: Ma’am Criseljosa W. Lacapag, RC
Objectives
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At the end of this chapter the students should be able to:
1. Recognize and compare positive and negative Filipino Traits.
2. Identify and appreciate Filipino values orientation.

TOPIC: CHAPTER I
FILIPINO INFLUENCES TRAITS AND CHARACTERISTICS
The Philippines is a meeting point for cultures from all over Asia and the Pacific because it has been a
crossroads between east and west and the merging of cultures reflects the country’s culture and its people. It
comes from various ethno-linguistic groups that are native to the islands or migrants from various Asia-Pacific
regions, Filipinos are the people who are naturally born to or recognized with Philippine country.

THE MOST WELL-KNOWN TRAITS AND ATTITUDES OF THE FILIPINO

POSITIVE TRAITS
1. Hospitality
- is a trait displayed by every Filipino, characterized by heart-warming generosity and friendliness
exhibited to foreigners and locals alike.
- Filipinos are well-known for being hospitable. This is one of the most popular qualities of Filipinos.
Most foreigners who have gone to the Philippines fell in love with the warm hospitality they have
experienced while staying in the country.
2. Respect
- This is often observed-not by younger people- but also by people of all ages. In the Philippines,
respect for one’s elders is a tradition.
a. Po and Opo- These words are spoken by the Filipinos when talking to elders or in order to show
respect to persons in authority. These Filipino words mean “yes”, when answering or talking to
the elders.
b. Pagmamano- Another way of showing respect to the elders when greeting them. This is done by
putting their elders’ hands on their foreheads.
c. Filipinos also show respect at work by making a bow to their employers.
3. Strong Family Ties and Religions
- Filipinos value their families so much that they tend to keep families intact through the generations.
Families go to church and pray together because their religion is important and creates a strong
bond, marking God as the center of their lives.
4. Generosity and Helpfulness
- Filipinos are also well-known for being generous. They share what they have to the people around
them even when they only have little.

5. Strong Work Ethics

- Another good thing most Filipinos have is being hardworking people. They are always willing to
work almost the whole day to provide the needs of their families. Filipino farmers though earning so
little but they work harder with not much compensation.

6. Loving and Caring

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 - It is expressed by both foreigners and Filipino women that most Filipino men are so sweet and
romantic when it comes to love. They will send their beloved flowers, bring her to a very romantic
place, text her sweet quotes and tell often how special she is to them. Filipino women are also
romantic and very caring, which often makes some foreigners want to marry them.

NEGATIVE TRAITS OF FILIPINOS

1. Fatalism (“Bahala Na” or “Come What May” Attitude)
- A trait were Filipinos have that strong confidence without doing anything. Filipinos often accepts
bad news or circumstances without trying to stop or change them. Filipinos have a tendency to
surrender the future to luck. An attitude of “What Goes Around Comes Around”.
2. Mañana Habit (Procrastination)
- True blooded Filipinos have the attitude of causing delays in accomplishing things or making
transactions. A trait when a person is not interested or not in the mood, they wait or reserve until
tomorrow or the next day to finish what they are doing or meeting their transactions. The “bahala
na” attitude is the outcome of the “manana habit” when the tasks are left undone. This is usually
shown and even expressed by people who do not care much of what lies ahead and just leave
everything in fate.
3. Crab Mentality
- This is an attitude of some Filipinos where they tend to push each other down to clear the way for
their own gain. Filipino people with this kind of mentality or attitude try their best to ruin each other,
either by making issues against the other for him to turn out bad to the public or to the company or
organization so that people will gradually put distance and loss their confidence and trust that
eventually result to their replacement.
4. Hypocrisy
- This is a trait of the Filipino where criticisms to other’s failure to live with the moral standards of the
society are inevitable. In the Philippines morality is highly valued, most of us try to live up to the
standards set by the traditional society.
5. Ningas Cogon
- Most Filipinos are very good at the start when doing something. Nevertheless, after a few hours or
days. that excitement to do or accomplish something is lost we and become too lazy to finish what
were have started.
6. Tardiness (Filipino Time)
- Only in the Philippines that we have the so-called “Filipino time” but not only exactly referring to
the Philippine standard time, but then again we use it to refer to the “tardiness” of the persons that
we are waiting or who keeps on coming late to the set time schedule of events.
7. Gossiping
- Filipinos are fond of talking about others’ business. It is not true that only women are into gossiping.
Even men can also be nosy on other people’s lives. Secrets are brought out; failures and flaws are
emphasized; and relationships are destroyed. Worse, as gossips are passed around, they tend to be
twisted until the final story becomes too far from the original- thus, causing more damage.

8. Blaming
- Filipinos can sometimes be too self-righteous. When mistakes happen, we do not want to take the
blame, we lack humility to accept our failures, and instead we point at others. This shows how
irresponsible we are on our actions. This attitude destroys team work, and reliability becomes an
issue.
9. Selfishness (being insensitive of others)

23
 - Most Filipinos are insensitive to the needs and situations of others. This could be an outcome of
having too many problems that Filipinos are facing and the tendency is to focus on their own needs
first before others.

10. Disobedience to Simple Rules and Instructions

- Some Filipinos, despite of the understanding of the purpose of laws and ordinances have inability to
observe and follow them. Consequently, crime victimization and accident rate in the Philippines are
constantly rising, poverty is getting more rampant and lifestyle development is relaxed.
11. Attention Taker
- Filipinos are fun and people loving race. Thus, attracting attention is natural for them. Nevertheless,
it is a different thing to be an “epal” or “kapalmuks” simply, being an attention grabber.

12. Being onion-skinned or too sensitive

- Another habit or attitude that we need to change is our being too proud which usually results to
being oversensitive.
13. Living beyond their means (social climbing)
- One of the reasons why a lot of Filipinos live in poverty is because of overspending. Since most
people want to live an elite lifestyle, many resort to social climbing or living beyond their means.
14. Passivity (lack of leadership)
- Filipinos’ lack of initiative for change is also one reason why our country does not progress. We
keep on complaining against the government and other societal issues. Common Filipinos also lack
courage and confidence, lack of faith that our small actions can bring change.
15. Other Negative Traits
- Some Filipino women give birth at an early age 16 (Teenage Pregnancy). Some just don’t mind their
own business. Some have many bad habits, like drinking, smoking, etc. Some poor teenagers engage
in prostitution. There are many broken families. A lot of bad words to choose from which Filipinos
just can’t avoid saying those. Most Filipinos tend to be with friends most of the time than to be with
their parents.

CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 4

Instructions:

24
 1. Answer the following questions.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the best answer.

1. What best describes kanya-kanya syndrome?
a. ningas cogon c. crab mentality
b. que cera cera d. cow fave
2. Filipino women are loving, and value the relationship, always staying faithful to their husbands. What
character is being portrayed?
a. love and caring c. hospitality
b. respect d. strong work ethics
3. Filipinos always find creative ways to earn a living, like creating a small business from their home
where they sell foods or other items for the convenience of their neighbors. What character is being
portrayed?
a. strong family ties and religions
b. respect
c. strong work ethics
d. hospitality
4. What best illustrates respect in Filipinos?
a. Claire who always say po and opo.
b. Nick who always pray before going to sleep.
c. Henry who works hard for his family.
d. Delfin who likes to send sweet text messages.
5. Families go to church and pray together because their religion is important and creates a strong bond,
marking God as the center of their lives. What character is being portrayed?
a. strong family ties and religious
b. respect
c. strong work ethics
d. hospitality
6. This is prevalent in politics where people tend to push each other down to clear the way for their own
gain.
a. hypocrisy c. ningas cogon
b. blaming others d. crab mentality

7. What is synonymous to the word procrastination?

a. ningas cogon c. mañana habit
25
 b. kanya-kanya syndrome d. Filipino time

8. What best describes passivity?

a. lack of leadership
b. social climbing
c. being thoughtless of others
d. irresponsibility

9. It means living beyond their means.

a. lack of leadership
b. social climbing
c. being thoughtless of others
d. irresponsibility

10. Dianara is excellent in starting her projects but failed to finish it because of laziness and lack of
excitement. What character is being portrayed by Dianara?
a. ningas cogon c. laziness
b. hypocrisy d. inconsideration

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor

MODULE 5 (Sixth Week)

CFLM 1
Prepared by: Ma’am Criseljosa W. Lacapag, RC
26
Objectives
At the end of this chapter the students should be able to:
1. Recognize and compare positive and negative Filipino Traits.
2. Identify and appreciate Filipino values orientation.
3. Differentiate nationalism from patriotism and recall their concepts and types.

TOPIC: FILIPINO CHARACTER AND PERSONALITY

FILIPINO VALUES ORIENTATION
NATIONALISM

FILIPINO CHARACTER AND PERSONALITY

Three Main Traits underscoring Filipino Values
1. Personalism
- Filipinos valued interpersonal relationship. It is firmly believed that harmonious personal
relationship is the key to successful endeavours. Amicable settlement of dispute is the primary
means of restoring broken relationships and face-to-face open forum is considered once conflict is
recognized in an organization or the community.
2. Familialism
- Filipinos are family-oriented. Development programs and projects in the community are
concentrated on the family. Decision on matters is centered on the welfare and best interest of the
family rather than on the betterment and interest of some individuals. The mistakes committed by a
family member affects the credibility and of the immediate members of the family and relatives.
3. Particularism
- Displayed behavior by the individuals may it be good or bad is blamed against the family. It is based
on the principle that home is the cradle of human personality and that is, the product of goodness is
always good to those who are moulded in wickedness, will always show-off badness. Individuals
strive to promote their own and their family’s interests over community interests.

FILIPINO VALUES ORIENTATION

Values Orientation
It is the approach that may influence work or social relationships by persons relating to objects,
events and ideas.

THREE MAIN OBLIGATIONS UNDERLYING FILIPINO VALUES ORIENTATION

The relational of face-to-face interactions and their resulting responsibilities are called interpersonal obligations.
This is in relation to the value in Filipino cultural orientation, the personalism. Pakikiramay, pakikisama,

27
bayanihan, and galang are the nature of interpersonal relationships that are inherent to the pure-blooded Filipino
people.
1. Pakikiramay
- It is in the Filipino value of going out of the way to help, without being asked, i.e., unsolicited help.
2. Pakikisama (Smooth Interpersonal Relations)
- Regardless whether someone’s views are agreeable or not, Filipinos are capable of getting along
with it. Camaraderie, trust, confidence, and loyalty are enhanced and developed by this Filipino
value.
3. Bayanihan
- As mentioned in the preceding topics, Filipinos are able to render services and generous enough to
extend help without compensation. Somebody can request help in time of need from those to whom
it is extended.
4. Galang (Respect)
- Filipinos are basically oriented to revere to the opinions of elders, peers, or those in authority, during
important discussions during social encounters. Verbal clash or any sign of extreme familiarity in
public meetings is a sign of disrespect to elders or persons in authority.

NATIONALISM
- It is an ideology and movement defined by promoting the interests of a particular nation, in
particular with the aim of acquiring and maintaining the nation’s sovereignty over its country of
origin. Nationalism claims that each nation should regulate itself, free from outside intervention, that
a nation is a natural and ideal political basis, and that the nation is the only legitimate source of
political authority (Finlayson, 2014).

TYPES OF NATIONALISM
1. Ethnic Nationalism (Ethnonationalism)
- The country is described from prior generations in terms of ethnicity and descent. It also involves the
concept of a shared culture among group members, and generally a shared language. The word
“ethnonationalism” is usually used only in relations to nationalists who support an explicit ideology
along these lines; the more generic word is “ethnic nationalism” and is used by nationalists who hold
such views in an informal, instinctive, or unsystematic manner.
- The pejorative type of both is “ethnocentric nationalism” or “tribal nationalism”, although “tribal
nationalism” may have a non-pejorative significance when debating African, Native American or
other nationalisms that publicly claim a tribal identity.

2. Civic Nationalism (Civil Nationalism)

- The state derives political legitimacy from its citizens ‘active involvement and the extent to which it
reflects the “will of the individuals.” Civic nationalism lies within the traditions of rationalism and
liberalism, but it is contrasted with ethnic nationalism as a type of nationalism.
- Civic nation membership is regarded to be voluntary. The growth of representative democracy in
nations such as a United States and France was affected by civil-national values.

3. Expansionist Nationalism
- A radical form of imperialism that includes independent, patriotic feelings with a faith in
expansionism, generally through military aggression. The word was coined in the late 19 th century as
28
 European powers indulged in the ‘Scramble for Africa ‘in the name of domestic glory, but was most
closely linked with militarist governments in the 20 th century, including Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany,
the Japanese Empire, and the Balkan nations of Albania (Great Albania), Bulgaria (Greater
Bulgaria), Croatia (Greater Croatia), Hungary.
4. Romantic Nationalism
- It is otherwise known as organic nationalism and identity nationalism. Is the form of ethnic
nationalism in which the state derives political legitimacy as a result and expression of the nation’s
natural. It is based on the presence of historical ethnic culture that meets the romantic ideal. It
expressed Romanticism’s values and opposed the rationalism of Enlightenment. A historical ethnic
by romantic nationalism, folklore evolved as a romantic nationalist notion.
5. Cultural Nationalism
- The country is described by shared culture, not solely civic or ethnic. Chinese nationalism is an
instance of cultural nationalism, partially due to China’s many national minorities. Membership in
the nation is neither completely voluntary nor hereditary.
6. Third World Nationalism
- Nationalist feelings are the outcome of opposition to colonial rule to survive and maintain a
domestic identity.
7. Liberal Nationalism
- It is a kind of nationalism lately defended by political philosophers who think that a non-xenophobic
form of nationalism compatible with liberal values of liberty, tolerance, equality and individual
rights can exist. It is asserted that in order to lead meaningful, independent life, people need a
national identity and those liberal democracies need domestic identity to work correctly.
- Liberal nationalists often defend the importance of domestic identity by stating that people need a
domestic identity to work correctly. Ernest Renan, author of “Qu’est-ce qu’une nation? and John
Stuart Mill are often thought to be early liberal nationalists.
8. Religious Nationalism
- Nationalism’s connection to a specific to a specific religious faith, church, or affiliation. It can be
seen that a shared religion contributes to a sense of domestic unity and a mutual bond between the
nation’s people. This connection can be divided into two dimensions; religion’s politicization and
religion’s converse effects on politics. In the former aspect, it can be seen that a shared religion
contributes to a sense of domestic unity; a common bond between the nation’s people. The support
of a national identity, comparable to shared ethnicity, language or culture, is another political
element of religion.
9. Pan- Nationalism
- Ethnic or cultural nationalism refers to a country that is itself a cluster of associated ethnic and
cultural communities (such as Turkish peoples).
10. Diaspora Nationalism
- It is an ethnic population residing outside their traditional homelands. In this type of nationalism,
there traditional homelands. In this type of nationalism, there is a nationalist sense, e.g. the Irish in
the United States, the Jews in the United States and elsewhere, etc.
11. Stateless Nationalism
- On the basis (e.g. the Catalans and Basques in Spain) an ethnic or cultural minority within a nation-
state aims independence.
12. National Conservatism
- On nationalist basis (e.g. the Catalans and Basques in Spain) an ethnic or cultural minority within a
nation-state aims independence.

13. Revolutionary Nationalism

29
 - It is an ideological theory that calls for a domestic group united by a shared sense of intent and
destiny, also known as radical nationalism. It was first ascribed and strongly promulgated by Benito
Mussolini to followers of revolutionary syndicalism. In France and Italy at the start of the 20 th
century, this intellectual synthesis of “radical nationalism and dissident society” was created.
14. Left- Wing Nationalism
- Left-wing nationalism, also sometimes referred to as socialist nationalism, relates to any political
movement combining left-wing or socialism with nationalism. Notable examples include the 26 July
Movement of Fidel Castro, which launched the Cuban Revolution in 1959 to oust the American-
backed Fulgencio Batista, Ireland’s Sinn Fein, Israel’s Labor Zionism and the African National
Congress.

30
 CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 5

Instructions:
1. Answer the following questions.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the best answer.
3. It emphasis the welfare and interest of the family over those of the community.
a. personalism c. particularism
b. familialism d. values orientation
4. What best describes particularism?
a. face to face encounters
b. knowing how to entertain people
c. family honor
d. emphasis the welfare and interest of the family
5. Successful leadership or being a good manager necessitates a personal touch, and problem-solving is
effective if handled through good personal relations. What main trait underlying Filipino values is being
referred to?
a. personalism c. particularism
b. familialism d. values orientation
6. It is the way individuals relate to objects, events and ideas that may influence work or social
relationships.
a. personalism c. particularism
b. familialism d. values orientation
7. What is the meaning of SIR?
a. smooth intrapersonal relationship
b. smart interpersonal relationship
c. smooth interpersonal relations
d. sincere interpersonal reaction
8. What type of nationalism where the state derives political legitimacy from the active participation of its
citizenry and from the degree to which it represents the “will of the people”?
a. state nationalism c. ethnic nationalism
b. civic nationalism d. liberal nationalism
9. What type of nationalism where a shared religion can be seen to contribute to a sense of national unity,
and a common bond among the citizens of the nation?
a. pan- nationalism c. diaspora nationalism
b. religious nationalism d. national conservatism

31
10. It is a radical form of imperialism (and not really true Nationalism at all) that incorporates autonomous,
patriotic sentiments with a belief in expansionism, usually by military aggression.
a. Expansionist Nationalism
b. Romantic Nationalism
c. Third World Nationalism
d. Stateless Nationalism

11. It is where it is claimed that individuals need a national identity in order to lead meaningful, autonomous
lives, and that liberal democracies need national identity in order to function properly.
a. Third World Nationalism
b. Diaspora Nationalism
c. Third World Nationalism
d. Stateless Nationalism

12. It is where the nation is defined by shared culture, and neither purely civic nor purely ethnic.
a. Romantic Nationalism
b. Liberal Nationalism
c. Religious Nationalism
d. Cultural Nationalism

32
 CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor

MODULE 6 (Seventh Week)

CFLM 1
Prepared by: Ma’am Criseljosa W. Lacapag, RC
Objectives
At the end of this chapter the students should be able to:
1. Differentiate nationalism from patriotism and recall their concepts and types.

TOPIC: PATRIOTISM

PATRIOTISM OR NATIONAL PRIDE

- It is a sense of love, dedication and attachment to a country and an alliance with other people who
share the same impression. This attachment can be a mixture of many distinct emotions, including
ethnic, cultural, political or historical elements, related to one’s own country. It is a predominant
virtue linked to a nation’s love, with greater emphasis on values and beliefs.
- The English word patriot is first known in the Elizabethan period; it originated from Latin (6 th
century)
patriota via Middle French, meaning “countryman,” finally from Greek (patriotes), meaning “from
the nation” (patris), meaning “fatherland” (Liddell & Scott, 2013). The abstract noun patriotism
appears in the early 18th century.

KINDS OF PATRIOTISM

1. Patriotism of Duty
- This includes fidelity to one’s nation through material acts. This is military service patriotism and
other selfless sacrifice types. This is where patriotism becomes embodied and its ideals take
praiseworthy particular actions.
2. Patriotism of Affection
- This is the patriotism of the heart. It is about one’s internal desire for his country’s well-being. The
patriotism of affection can be seen in the patriotism of duty, but it does not necessarily result in it;
one can be truly love his country and yet be a coward, just as one can theoretically fulfill a patriotic
duty and yet feel apathetic about the country’s welfare.
3. Patriotism of Manners
- This is customs patriotism, written and unwritten. The patriotism of manners is to place one’s hand
over the heart during the national anthem. It can be performed by anyone without actually needing
affection or duty patriotism.
33
TYPES OF PATRIOTISM
1. Personal Patriotism
- It emotional and voluntary.
- The patriot adheres to certain patriotic values, such as respect for the flag or the honoring of
veterans. Other expressions of personal patriotism include enlisting in the army, public service, and
participation in the political process through voting or other forms of activism.

2. Official Patriotism
- Promoted by the government which has a high symbolic and ceremonial content. It is a logical
consequence of the state itself, which derives legitimacy from being the expression of the common
good of the political community.
- National monuments, and veterans’ days and commemoration ceremonies are typical examples.
- Official patriotism relies heavily on symbolic acts, such as displaying the flag, singing the national
anthem, saying a pledge, participating in a mass rally, placing a patriotic bumper sticker on one’s
vehicle, or any other way of publicly proclaiming allegiance to the state.

3. Symbolic Patriotism
- In wartime is intended to raise morale, in turn contributing to the war effort.

4. Peacetime Patriotism
- Cannot be so easily linked to a measureable gain for the state, but the patriot does not see it as
inferior.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PATRIOTISM AND NATIONALISM

Patriotism feelings are based on the country’s positive values- like liberty, justice, and equality. The patriot
thinks that both their country’s state system and individuals are inherently good and working together to achieve
a better quality of life. On the other hand, nationalism emotions are based on the belief that one’s nation is
superior to all others. It also holds a connotation of other countries ‘distrust or disapproval, leading to the
premise that other states are competitors. While patriots do not degrade other countries automatically,
nationalists do, sometimes to the point of calling for the global dominance of their country. Nationalism is the
polar opposite of globalism by its protectionist beliefs.

34
 CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 6

Instructions:
1. Answer the following questions.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the best answer.
1. Which of the following does not illustrate patriotism?
a. fireworks during Independence day
b. singing of National Anthem
c. flag waiving
d. being proud of one’s country no matter what it does.
2. It is an ethnic population living outside their traditional homelands.
a. imperialism c. liberalism
b. diaspora d. nationalism
3. It is known as the patriotism of the heart.
a. patriotism of duty
b. patriotism of affection
c. patriotism of manners
d. patriotism of mind
4. It is seen as the intense feeling of pride for one’s “nation” or loyalty to one’s nation.
a. patriotism c. loyalty
b. devotion d. nationalism
5. What being illustrated by devotedly singing of the “Lupang Hinirang”.
a. patriotism c. devotion
b. loyalty d. nationalism

ESSAY: Answer the following.

What is the difference between Patriotism and Nationalism? Cite the distinction in a form of table.

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG

35
 Instructor

MODULE 7 (Ninth Week)

CFLM 1
Prepared by: Ma’am Criseljosa W. Lacapag, RC
Objectives
At the end of this chapter the students should be able to:
1. Recall and appreciate the birth of Filipino Nationalism
2. Demonstrate ways of showing Filipino Nationalism

TOPIC: FILIPINO NATIONALISM

“Nationalism is nourished by a sense of history. It is of its essence to know profoundly the past, so that we may
be in complete openness with the men who made that history and in intimate communion with their thoughts,
their deeds and their deeds and their noble lives.”
Claro M. Recto Jr.
Filipino nationalism started in the Philippines in the 1800s with an upsurge of patriotic feelings and nationalistic
ideals resulting from more than two decades of Spanish rule. This served as the backbone of, and continues to
this day, the first nationalist revolution in Asia, the Philippine Revolution of 1896 (Joaqs, 1990). These
nationalistic feelings have resulted to a comprehensive campaign in the Philippines for political, social and
economic liberty.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF FILIPINO NATIONALISM
The Philippines had been split into various principalities known as “barangays” in the years before the 11th
century, a name originating from Malayan ships called “balangays”. Datus, rajahs or sultans governed these
tiny political units (Halili, 2004). In 1565, when Spanish explorer Miguel Lopez de Legazpi arrived from
Mexico and established the first European colonies in Cebu, European colonization started in earnest.
Starting with only five ships and five hundred men accompanied by Augustinian monks and further
strengthened by two hundred soldiers in 1567, he was able to repel competing Portuguese colonizers and lay the
foundations for the Spanish occupied the kingdoms of Maynila and Tondo in 1571 and founded Manila as the
capital of the Spanish East Indies (Kurlansky, 1999). This Spanish colonization united the archipelago of the
Philippines into one political unit.

36
THE BEGINNING OF FILIPINO NATIONALISM
Originally, the word “Filipino criollos.” The Spanish leaders described the natives as Indians during
their 333-year rule over the Philippines (Royeca, 2012). The Spaniards born in the Philippines, more known as
insulars, criollos, or creoles, were also called “Filipinos” during the colonial era as well. Spanish-born
Spaniards or Philippine-based continental Spaniards were referred to as Peninsular. Those of blended heritage
have been called Mestizos. Despite being considered inferior by the Peninsulars, the Creoles had enjoyed
numerous roles of state and church, and composed most of the bureaucracy of government. The feeling of
domestic awareness originated from the Creoles, who now consider themselves “Filipino”. Three significant
factors, economy, education, and parish secularization brought it to its emergence. These factors led to the
Filipino Nationalism’s birth. The Philippines ‘opening to global or world Europe’s liberal thoughts were just a
few instances of how the Philippines became a stable nation. “The first manifestation of Philippine nationalism
followed in the carried out both in Spain and in the Philippines with the aim of “propagandizing” the
circumstances of the Philippines in the hopes that the social, political and financial life of the Philippines would
be changed by peaceful means (History of the Philippine Revolution”, 2015).
OTHER CONCEPTS OF FILIPINO NATIONALISM

Nationalism is the secular identification and engagement of our people with the Filipino nation and domestic
community, the Philippines as our country and homeland. It involves pride in our heroes, pride in our flags,
national anthem and other symbols of our nationhood; national pride and dignity inspired by the willingness to
serve our nation alone and with dedication, and to sacrifice for it, if necessary, with our own lives.
It is a tool of change and reform; it aims our moral and spiritual regeneration, our liberation from ignorance,
bigotry (intolerance towards those who hold distinct views of themselves), parochialism (narrow-mindedness),
feudalism (a system in which higher-ranking individuals gave land and protection and worked and fought for
them in exchange); olonial mentality (the internalized attitude of people’s racial or cultural inferiority as a
consequence of colonization), bribery and distorted elitism (an elite’s advocacy or presence as a dominant
component in a scheme or community). In other words, as Filipinos, it has a powerful national identity send and
a high-minded intent.

FILIPINO NATIONAL IDENTITY BASED IN PART ON OUR INDIGENOUS VALUES

a. Pagsasarili (self-reliance)
b. Pakikisama (equitable sharing and partnership)
c. Pagkabayani (patriotism)
d. Pagkakaisa (national unity, national consensus and discipline),
e. Pakikitungo (consideration)
f. Pakikipagkapwa-Tao (human solidarity based first of all on developing our nation),
g. Pagkakapantay- Pantay (equality and equity).

37
DIFFERENT WAYS TO SHOW FILIPINO SENSE OF NATIONALISM
Filipinos had already shown their own way of nationalism in the Spanish-colonial period. Some fought with
their pens and tongues, while others used their arms and weapons authority. Everyone had their own way of
showing our country their love and respect. Some even died and were able to get back our country’s freedom
that we enjoy nowadays. But have we ever noticed how some Filipinos demonstrate their feeling of nationalism
nowadays? You could read some thoughts in this portion about how some Filipinos show our nation their
nationalism.
To show our sense of Filipino nationalism, everyone must: WORK – ACT – PARTICIPATE – RESPECT –
STAND PROUD – LOVE.
Let us work on our own. Act today, and participate, in the government. Respect everyone including others’
raise. Stand proud for who you are. Love everyone as how you expect they would love you back.
1. Respect the Philippine Flag and Value Filipino Identity
2. Be Productive
3. Be aware of the Issue in our Country
4. Stand Proud for Every Achievement
5. Patronize and Support our own products
6. Preserve the Filipino culture
7. Respect Everyone and value our traditions
8. Speak out our own language
9. Remember and commemorate our heroes’ sacrifices for our country
10. Love our family, our neighbors, and our countrymen
PHILIPPINE SYMBOLS THAT PROMOTES A SENSE OF NATIONALISM
Symbols are very, very important to people in quite a lot of countries, especially if these symbols are related to
a sense of nationalism. The officially recognized national symbols of the Philippines are:
1. The Philippine Flag
- with red, white, and blue colors and a yellow sun representing the provinces of the country.
2. Coat of Arms of the Philippines
- also featuring the yellow sun with 8 rays depicting the original provinces in the Philippines.
3. Lupang Hinirang (Chosen Land)
- The Philippine National Anthem
4. Sampaguita (Jasminum Sambac)
- The national flower of the Philippines; symbolizing purity and simplicity, the flower is small, white
and pleasantly fragrant.
5. Narra (Pterocarpus)
- The national tree of the Philippines; also known as Rosewood, it is strong, sturdy, and durable – a
common rainforest tree.
6. Philippine Eagle (Pithecophaga jefferyi)

38
 - The Philippine national bird. It is acknowledged to be severely endangered. The Philippine Eagle is
protected by law in the country and there is extreme punishment for any harm done to them.
7. Dr. Jose P. Rizal
- The National Hero of the Philippines.
8. Cariñosa or Tinikling
- The Philippine national dance. Gracefulness is symbolized by this dance.
9. Carabao (water buffalo)
- The Philippine national animal. It symbolizes industriousness and hard work due to its use on many
farms in the country.
10. Bangus (milk fish)
- The Philippine’s national fish. It symbolizes versatility because of the many ways in which it can be
cooked.
11. Mango
- The national fruit. Philippine mangoes are considered the sweetest fruit in the world.
12. Barong
- The Philippine national costume or clothing style for men – (untucked shirt of thin fabric displaying
Chinese, Indo-malayan tropical and Hindu influence) for Women: Baro’t Saya (skirt and blouse
with no collar)
13. “Bayan Ko” and “Pilipinas Kong Mahal”
- are the Philippine national songs.
14. Arnis
- The Philippine national sport (stick fighting)
15. Anahaw (Livistona rotundifolia)
- The Philippine national plant. This plant is often used as hat, umbrella or fan symbolizing the
Filipino’s resourcefulness.
16. Nipa Hut
- The Philippine National house typically a small bamboo house with a thatched roof.

39
 CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 7-A

Instructions:
1. Answer the following questions.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the best answer.
1. Which of the following is not a classification of Filipino Nationalism?
a. It is the love of our country and God.
b. It is our loyalty to other nations.
c. It is cherishing what is Filipino.
d. It extends our love of freedom.
2. What is the meaning of the Filipino term pagsasarili?
a. self-reliance c. national loyalty
b. human solidarity d. equity
3. What specific symbol represents our identity as Filipinos or citizens?
a. Manny Pacquiao c. Philippine Flag
b. Ninoy Aquino d. President Duterte
4. It is our unique means of communicating and interacting with our fellowmen.
a. being productive citizen
b. preserving our culture
c. speaking out our own language
d. respecting everyone
5. What is the official title of our Philippine National Anthem?
a. Bayang Magiliw
b. Lupang Hinirang
c. Land of the Morning
d. Chosen Land

40
 6. It is the national flower of the Philippines: symbolizing purity and simplicity, the flower is small, white,
and pleasantly fragrant.
a. gumamela c. waling-waling
b. ilang-ilang d. Sampaguita
7. What is being symbolized by the dance cariñosa and tinikling?
a. sweetness c. gracefulness
b. industriousness d. simplicity
8. It is symbolizing versatility, because of the many ways in which it can be cooked.
a. mango c. Philippine Eagle
b. Jose P. Rizal d. bangus

9. It symbolizes industriousness and hard work due to its use on many farms in the country.
b. Bangus b. Eagle c. Carabao d. Dog
10. What is the scientific name of Anahaw?
a. Livistina Rotundifulia c. Rotondifolia Livistona
b. Livistona Rotundifolia d. Rotundifulia Livistina

ESSAY: Answer the following.

In your own words, what is the real essence of Filipino Nationalism?

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor

41
 CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 7-B

Instructions:
1. Choose 3 among the Philippine symbols that promotes a sense of nationalism.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

ACTIVITY NO. 1

Name: __________________ Date: _________

Course Year : ____________ Block: ________

EX:

PHILIPPINE FLAG

I choose the Philippine Flag, because it

symbolizes the character of being a Filipina, with integrity,
bravery and a kind heart.

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor

42
 MODULE 8 (Tenth Week)
CFLM 1
Prepared by: Ma’am Criseljosa W. Lacapag, RC
Objectives
At the end of this chapter the students should be able to:
1. Recall and appreciate the birth of Filipino Nationalism
2. Demonstrate ways of showing Filipino Nationalism

TOPIC: IMPORTANT DATES, EVENTS AND PERSON IN THE RISE OF FILIPINO NATIONALISM

The opening of the Philippines to World Commerce

On 1834, Manila was officially part of the World Commerce after reviewing different economic policies 1834
– 1873. This is the period of the development of agriculture in the country because foreigner shared their
agriculture ideas. Various ports opened in 1860 in Cebu and in 1873 in Tacloban.Consequently, strong
financial activity in the colony was stimulated that made the lives of the Filipinos prosperous. Modern farming
techniques were introduced and the means of transportation and communication were that boost financial
advancement boost tobacco, sugar and abaca manufacturing.

How Some Filipino Become Illustrados?

The middle class or the “Illustrados” were the educated Filipinos who, by writing essays, article novels or
publication in news journal called “La Solidaridad,” campaigned for reform in the colony in a peaceful way.
They were made up of the “principalia” or those belonging to the Spanish or Chinese mestizos indigenous to
Filipino or upper class. Their families were “inquilinos” who leased property to the friars. Agricultural
production evolved during Philippine’s opening to world trade, which led them to become rich. They were able
to improve their social status and send their children to European schools. They later clamored for reforms and
equality, and their children became propaganda movement members.

Influx of Liberal Ideas

43
Suez Canal’s opening shortened the distance between the Philippines and Spain. This paved the way for the
liberalism to enter the nation. Europe brought liberal concept such as equality, freedom and brotherhood and
the establishment of the Spanish Republic; more Spaniards came to our nation and imparted liberal thoughts to
the Philippines. they carried liberal books and magazines with them. Not only in Manila, but also in the
province that occupied positions in municipal government, the amount of Spaniards is increasing. With only a
concern to improve material wealth and gain social prestige by gaining authority in society more friars are
increasing. Colonizers keep the Filipinos tightly protected.

Secularization Movement

The transfer of parishes to the Filipino priest from the Spanish friar was one of the effects of Europe’s
spreading of liberal ideas.

Two Types of Priest:

1. Regular Priest or Friars Curates – They belong to specific religious orders like Dominicans,
Jesuits, Augustinians, Franciscans, and Recollects. Only Spanish priest could be regular priest.
2. Secular Priest or Parish Priest – These priest were not religious orders and were under the
archbishop’s oversight.
1565
- Religious orders took control of the parishes in the Philippine these are the Augustinian, Recollects,
Dominican, and Franciscans.
Council of Trent
- It was stated that Secular priest should control the parishes relates to deacons and the priest who are
not monastics or members of a religious institute. But few secular priest are accessible because some
of them have been sent to America.
Father Pedro Pelaez (1862)
- Exposed the discrimination of Filipino clergy and the racial and nation conflict with the Friars.

19th Century – Majority of the Filipino Priest were qualified as Secular Priest.

Gov. General Carlos Maria de la Torre y Nava Cerrada

- He was the one who boost and inspired the Secularization movement and leads a Liberal Regime in
Spain.

Rafael De Laquierdo (1870-73)

- A Governor-General of the Spanish Republic who is an autocratic and oppressive ruler; replaced
Gov. Dela Torre. He Boasted that he ruled with a crucifix in one hand and a sword in the other. He
decides to restore old order and repealed the exemption of the Filipino’s Polo y Servicio (force labor
of Filipino men in 1850) and tribute (tax) that the Cavite workers had been enjoying.

January 20, 1872

44
 - Two hundred Filipino troops and employees, led by Sgt. Fernando La Madrid, who took control of
the Spanish arsenal in Cavite, mutinied against Spaniards. Gov. Izquierdo sent troops forthwith to
quench the rebellion. The ring leaders were murdered and prosecuted by La Madrid, accusing the
GOMBURZA as the Rebellion’s mastermind.

Francisco Zaldua
- A Bicolano soldier who testified against the GOMBURZA.

February 17, 1872

- The day of execution of the 3 priests at Luneta (Bagumbayan)

GOMBURZA (The Three Martyrs)

a. Father Mariano Gomez
- A Chinese-Filipino, born in Cavite who held the most senior position of the three as Archbishop’s
Vicar in Cavite. He was truly nationalistic and accepted the death penalty calmly as though it were
his penance for being pro-Filipinos.
b. Father Jose Burgos
- was of Spanish descent, born in the Philippines. He was a parish priest of the Manila Cathedral and
had been known to be close to the liberal Governor General de la Torre. He was 35 years old at the
time and was active and outspoken in advocating the Filipinization of the clergy. He wrote to defend
the seculars and was known to weep like a child.
c. Father Jacinto Zamora
- was also Spanish, born in the Philippines. He was the parish priest of Marikina and was known to be
unfriendly to and would not countenance any arrogance or authoritative behavior from Spaniards
coming from Spain. He once snubbed a Spanish governor who came to visit Marikina.

ISSUES ON THE THREE PRIESTS

1. Fr. Gomez
- Participated in secularization but no longer active in 1872 and he was already more than 80 years
old.
2. Fr. Burgos
- Involved in the issue of secularization.
3. Fr. Zamora
- Victim of mistaken identity since the warrant of arrest was addressed to a certain Jose Zamora, a
known critic of Spanish Government at that time.

GOMBURZA Execution
The parishes were assigned to regular priests because of the death of secular priests in the 19 th century. The
Spaniards wanted the secular priests to be silenced. Thus, Father Jose Burgos, Mariano Gomez, Jacinto Zamora-
were executed in February 17, 1872 by Garrote after being implicated as master minds in Cavite Mutiny. At the
death of the three priests the crowd paid respect when they removed their hats and knelt down. The bells rang
all over the city upon the order of Archbishop Melito Martinez.
Garrote

45
 - Is an execution technique previously practiced in Spain where a tightened iron collar is used to
strangle or break a convicted person’s neck. It is said to be the form of execution performed to the
three priests.

THE IMPORTANCE OF 1872, GOMBURZA EXECUTION

It is considered as the beginning of Filipino Nationalism in the Philippine history because the three priests were
innocent yet accepted the brutal punishment for the nation.
PROGANDA MOVEMENT OR REFORM MOVEMENT
Also known as Junta De Propaganda, Cuerpo de Compromisarios and La Solidaridad, was founded in 19th
century by the Illustrados, to improve the lives of low Indios thru reforms or changes implemented in the
colony. The founders were Dr. Pedro Paterno and Gregorio Sanciangco, Doctors of law who laid the foundation
of the movement in Madrid.
Propaganda
Refers to the systematic efforts to spread opinion and beliefs by means of pen and tongue; literally means the
propagation of a given opinion.
Propagandists or Reformists
These were the Filipino reformers who fled the country to escape persecution in 1872. They didn’t have the
intention of achieving social changes through armed struggle and revolution rather they campaign for reform or
change by way of writing. They advocated reform by writing books, pamphlet and newspapers. They were
popularly known as Illustrados (Intellectuals) in Spain, England and France.
The Goals of Propaganda Movement
1. To make the Philippines the province of Spain
2. Filipino representation in the Spanish Cortes (legislative branch in Spanish government)
3. Equality between Spaniards and Filipino
4. Secularization or granting Filipino priest the right to hold parishes.
5. Gaining freedom of speech, expression and assembly.

Major Causes for the Establishment of the Propaganda Movement

The following causes the creation of the Propaganda Movement:
1. Emergence of Middle Class
2. The Liberal Administration of Gov. General Carlos Maria de la Torre y Nava Cerrada
3. Execution of GOMBURZA
4. Resulted to the deportation of patriotic Filipinos

46
 CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 8

Instructions:
1. Answer the following questions.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the best answer.

11. Father Damaso is a priest who belongs to the Recollect Order. What type of priest is he?
a. secular priest c. friar curates
b. parish priest d. irregular priest
12. He was considered as the champion of the Filipino clergys who exposes the discrimination of Filipino
Clergies.
a. Governor Carlos Maria Dela Torre
b. Father Pedro Pelaez
c. Rafael De Izquierdo
d. Father Jacinto Zamora
13. He was the most well-loved Governor General who applied democratic and liberal ideas.
a. Juan Primo
b. Francisco Seranno
c. Carlos Maria Dela Torre
d. Rafael De Izquierdo

47
14. It is a brief uprising of 200 Filipino troops and workers at the Fort San Felipe Arsena, Cavite which
became the excuse for Spanish repression of the embryonic Philippine nationalist movement.
a. execution of Rizal
b. Cavite Mutiny
c. Rizal’s Mutiny
d. Propaganda
15. It is a force labor of Filipino men in 1580 and tribute (tax).
a. polo y servicio c. polo y selencio
b. polo y sentencia d. polo y asado
16. These are people who are fighting for certain rights and privileges of a particular group.
a. friars c. heroes
b. indios d. martyrs

17. He was the parish priest of Marikina and was known to be unfriendly to and would not countenance any
arrogance or authoritative behavior from Spaniards coming from Spain.
a. Father Jose Burgos
b. Father Jacinto Zamora
c. Father Mariano Gomez
d. Francisco Zaldua
18. He is a Bicolano soldier who testified against the GOMBURZA.
a. Father Jose Burgos
b. Father Jacinto Zamora
c. Father Mariano Gomez
d. Francisco Zaldua
19. Refers to the systematic efforts to spread opinion and beliefs by means of pen and tongue.
a. Reformist
b. Movement
c. Propaganda
d. Propagandist
20. When was the execution of the 3 priests?
a. 1565
b. February 17, 1565
c. 1872
d. February 17, 1872

ESSAY: Answer the following.

1. What is the difference between Propagandists and Reformists?

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor
48
 MODULE 9 (Eleventh Week)
CFLM 1
Prepared by: Ma’am Criseljosa W. Lacapag, RC
Objectives
At the end of this chapter the students should be able to:
1. Recall and appreciate the birth of Filipino Nationalism
2. Demonstrate ways of showing Filipino Nationalism

TOPIC: THREE LEADING REFORMISTS IN 19TH CENTURY

THREE LEADING REFORMISTS IN 19TH CENTURY

1. Dr. Jose P. Rizal
2. Graciano Lopez Jaena
3. Marcelo H. Del Pilar

DR. JOSE P. RIZAL

- Regardless as the conscience of the movement and the most prolific writer among the Propagandists.
His pen names are Dimasalang and Laong laan commonly known and acclaimed as the “Father of
Philippine Nationalism” due to his intellectual and idealistic support for Philippine Independence.
- He was born on June 19, 1861 in Calamba Laguna. At the age of 3, he learned his alphabet, at the
age of 8, he wrote a poem entitled “Sa Aking mga Kabata” (To my fellow children) a poem that talks
about love for one’s language. At the age of 9, he was sent to private tutor Don Justiniano Aquino
Cruz. In 1872, changed his family name from Mercado to Rizal because Mercado was closely
identified to Fr. Burgos who was executed by Spanish Authorities. In 1877, he graduated Bachelor
of Arts in Ateneo, Municipa. He enrolled in University of Sto. Tomas, took up medicine while
taking up agrimensura (surveying) in Ateneo. Rizal’s poem A la juventud Filipina (To the Filipino
Youth) won the first prize in literacy contest sponsored by Licero Literario-Artisticio.

49
 - The Councils of the God only won 2 nd price after the judge learned that it was written by Filipino. In
1882, he sailed for Spain without the knowledge of his parents and finished medicine in Universidad
Central de Madrid in June 1885. Filipinas Dentro De Cien Anos (The Philippine Century Hence) his
written essay, where he showed how the ancient civilization of Filipinos was ruined by the
Spaniards. Sa mga Kababaihan ng Malolos (The Young women of Malolos) He commended the 20
women of Malolos who bravely disobeyed their parish priest by establishing a night school where
they could learn the Spanish language.

He wrote Noli Me Tangere (Touch Me Not) a novel about social reality in the Philippines in 19 th
-
century. On February 1888, he was forced to leave Manila, he went to Hongkong, Japan, Macau, US
and England causing him to learned numerous language. On July 3, 1892 he founded the La Liga
Filipina in Tondo Manila, to foster cooperation among Filipinos, to help each other in times of
needs, to promote education and agriculture. In 1892 to 1896, Rizal spent his life as an exiled in
Dapitan. He became a teacher to little boys, he built artesian well for more effective irrigation
system, and he served as a doctor, and met Josephine Bracken. He was requested to go to Cuba to
serve as military doctor, but he was arrested for allegedly being connected with revolution which
broke out in the Philippines in 1896. He was imprisoned at Fort Santiago for sedition, rebellion and
illegal association. On December 30, 1896, he was executed in Bagumbayan (Luneta). His last poem
given to his sister Mi Ultimo Adios, secretly hid inside the cocinilla de alcohol (cooking lamp).
MARCELO H. DEL PILAR
- He was regarded as the greatest journalist of Reform Movement. Born on August 30, 1850 in San
Nicholas, Bulacan. He used his grandmother’s surname based on Gov. General Narciso Claverias
decree in 1849- “Filipinos should adopt a Spanish Surname.
- He studied Latin in Manila, and successfully obtained the degree in Bachelor of Arts at Colegio de
San Jose. He took up law at University of Sto. Tomas but unable to finish it because he was
suspended when he inquired the increase in baptismal fee. He was also imprisoned for 30 days for
this offense. He married his second cousin Marciana del Pilar where they have 7 children but only 2
survived, Sofia and Anita. He was passionate in his campaign against frailocracy. He delivered
speeches in baptismal, fiestas and even in cockpit arenas to exposed the abuses of the friars and the
injustices his family experienced from them.

- He was a Journalist who mastered the use of satire (the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule
to expose and criticize people’s stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary
politics and other topical issues). He was the co-founder of the first bilingual newspaper in the
Philippines. “Diariong Tagalog” where he published his nationalistic article including the Tagalog
translation of Jose Rizal’s “El Amor Patrio”. His other writings were:

a. Caingat Cayo- He defended here the Noli Me Tangere of Jose Rizal.

b. Dasalan at Toksohan- Collection of revised Catholic Prayers where he exposed the true nature of
the friars.
c. He changes Ama Namin to Amain Namin, Aba Ginoong Maria into Aba Ginoong Barya.
d. Sampung Utos ng Diyos to Sampung utos ng Prayle.
50
 e. Pasiong Dapat Ipag-alab nang Puso ng taong babasa.
f. La Soberania Monacal en Filipinas (Monastic Supremacy in the Philippines)
g. La Frailocracia Filipina (The Frailocracy in the Philippines)

- Marcelo H. Del Pilar was the brother-in-law of Deodato Arellano, a propagandist and first president
of the Katipunan. He organized the 1 st political group in the Philippines known as the “Junta de
propaganda.” His pseudonyms are, Dolores Manapat, Piping dilat, V. Garcia and Plaridel.

GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA

- He was born in Jaro, Iloilo on Dec. 18, 1856. His parents encourage him to become a priest.
However, Graciano wanted to become a doctor. He left the seminary and enrolled in the School of
Medicine in University of Sto. Tomas but due to financial difficulties he wasn’t able to finish his
medical degree and forced to go back in Iloilo. He started the campaign for freedom in 1847 by
writing “Fray Botod” (La hija de fraile) means “Big – Bellied Friar”. In his work he revealed the
gluttony, indolence and greediness of friars as represented by Fray Botod.
- He went to Negros Occidental to avoid arrest in 1880, and then he went to Valencia Spain and
continues his medical degree but later shifted to journalism in Madrid. Graciano was a former staff
of LOS DOS MUNDO – News organ in Iloilo and was acclaimed as the “Prince of the Filipino
Orators” and the great orator of the Reform Movement. His pen name was Diego Laura and he
founded the La Solidaridad (Solidarity) which becomes the mouthpiece of the propaganda. In
Madrid, he wrote articles campaigning for reforms in the Philippines. He became a member of the
freemasonry and founded masonic lodge for Filipinos in 1889.

OTHER FILIPINO REFORMISTS

DR. PEDRO PATERNO
A doctor of law who wrote the novel entitled “Ninay” the 1 st Filipino Novel that shows the Filipino’s developed
culture.
ANTONIO LUNA
Some of his work are Noche Buena, a biographical sketch that depicts the actual life in the Philippines. La
Maestra de mi pueblo describe defects of the educational system for women. His pen name was Taga-ilog.
ANDRES BONIFACIO
Known to be “Supremo of Katipunan” was one of the founders of Katipunan. He wrote poem, letters, essays
and dialogue while his writing are:
a. Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa – wherein he discussed the importance of loving motherland.
b. Katapusanf Hibik ng Pilipinas sa Inang Espanya.

51
 c. Ang Dapat Mabatid ng Tagalog – explained how Philippines entered an era of darkness under the
Spaniards
d. He explained in essay the meaning of word Tagalog – it did not only refer to particular ethnic group but
to all inhabitants who lived near bodies of water (tags-ilog). Everybody should be rightfully called
Tagalog.
His pseudonym was Agapito Bagumbayan. He prepared a Decalogue to serve as guide for Katipuneros
“Katungkulang Gagawin ng mga Anak ng Bayan” but later adopted the “Kartilla ng Katipunan” of Emilio
Jacinto.

EMILIO JACINTO
Regarded as the “Brain of the Katipunan”. Born on Dec. 15, 1875 in Torzo, Manila. He took up Bachelor of
Arts from the Colegio de San Juan de Letran. He took up law from University of Sto. Tomas but he was not
able to finish it because of revolution. He joined Katipunan in 1894 under the name of Pingkian. He wrote
Kartilla ng Katipunan that served as moral and ethical guide for Katipuneros. His other works are Liwanag at
Dilim and La Patria.He became an editor in chief of Kalayaan, an official newspaper of Katipunan. He assigned
to rescue Rizal while waiting the ship going to Cuba but Rizal refused to be rescued. He fought with cazaderos
or Spanish riflemen in Maimpis, Magdalena Laguna, where he was wounded on the knee. He died due to alaria
on April 6, 1899 in Sta Cruz Laguna.
THE FOUNDING AND RELEVANCE OF KATIPUNAN
The reform movement’s failure paves the way for a movement that advocated armed struggle to achieve liberty.
KKK (Kataas-taasan, Kagalang-galangan na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan or Katipunan).
This was founded on July 7, 1892, same day that news about Rizal’s exile to Dapitan. Deodato Arellano was the
first President of Katipunero followed by Roman-Basa then by Andres Bonifacio. The KKK members were
divided when it increased more than one hundred Katipon, Kawal, Bayani. Each category has its own password
and members undergo blood compact.
KATIPUNEROS
refers to the sons of the people, used triangle method to recruit members, where every member should recruit
two new members who would only know each other after passing the initiation rites.

52
 CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 9

Instructions:
1. Answer the following questions.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
3.Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the best answer.

21. He is considered the champion of Filipino nationalism.
a. Jose P. Rizal c. Claro M. Recto
b. Andres Bonifacio d. Claro M. Recto Jr.
22. He was known as the Father of Filipino Nationalism.
a. Andres Bonifacio
b. Marcel H. Del Pilar
c. Jose Rizal
d. Antonio Luna
23. Who is the national hero who had the pen name “taga – ilog”?
a. Antonio Luna c. Graciano Lopez Jaena
b. Pedro Paterno d. Andres Bonifacio
53
24. It became the mouthpiece of the Propaganda movement.
a. Katipunan c. Diariong Tagalog
b. La Solidaridad d. Kalayaan
25. He was the first President of Katipuneros.
a. Deodato Arellano c. Roman Basa
b. Emilio Jacinto d. Antonio Luna
26. What is the pseudo name of Andres Bonifacio?
a. Supremo
b. Agapito Bagumbayan
c. Pingkian
d. Diego Laura
27. It was the 1st Filipino novel that shows the Filipino’s had a developed culture.
a. Noche Buena c. Ninay
b. Sampaguita d. Los Dos Mundo
28. He was considered as the Brain of the Katipunan.
a. Jose Rizal c. Andres Bonifacio
b. Kalayaan d. Diariong Tagalog
29. He is a Bicolano soldier who testified against the GOMBURZA.
a. Francisco Zaldua
b. Pedro Paterno
c. Gregorio Sanciangco
d. Pedro Govantes
30. Which of the following is not a classification of the Katipunan members?
a. Katipon c. Bayani
b. kawal d. kawani

ESSAY: Answer the following.

Among the three leading reformists in 19th century who do you admire the most? Give a
justification to your answer.

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor

54
 MODULE 10 (Twelfth Week)
CFLM 1
Prepared by: Ma’am Criseljosa W. Lacapag, RC
Objectives
At the end of this chapter the students should be able to:
1. Recognize and relate Filipino values, its structures, models, philosophical foundations and elements.

TOPIC: FILIPINO CORE VALUES

BASIC CONCEPT OF VALUES

Core values are a person's or organization's fundamental beliefs. These guiding principles dictate conduct and
can assist individuals to know the distinction between right and wrong. It also assists organizations by
establishing an unwavering guide to determine if they are on the correct track and fulfil their objectives. Values
are essential because they assist us to grow. They assist us build the future that we want to experience.
Hundreds of choices are made every day by every Person and every organization. The choices we make reflect
our values and beliefs and are always aimed at a Particular purpose. That aim is our person or collective
(Organizational) needs to be satisfied. When we make choices using our values, we create a conscious decision
to Concentrate on what matters to us. They create inner cohesion within a group when values are shared.
FILIPINO VALUES SYSTEM
Race strains and cultural components such as Aeta have derived Filipino values. Indonesians, Malayan, Hindu
and Chinese who created our moral scruples core. Cultural individuality combined with Spain-derived cultural
components. The U.S. and the contemporary planetary society (Panopio and Rolda. 2000). You can find
Filipinos in almost every part of the globe. We rejoice at the sight of other co-Filipinos when we're in a foreign
nation as if there's something that connects us. Sometimes, if we don't know a person's nationality, but he or she
looks like a Filipino, we often ask, "Filipino ka ba?" And we are happy when he or she answered "yes."

55
However, if someone fails to satisfy our expectations in the manner they answer questions or in the manner they
act, we say in frustration, "kapwa Filipino pa naman."
Landa Jocano, a famous sociologist says that "there are no negative Filipino values, only the wrong use of
values". Values slowly alter, but it depends on how powerful families are to preserve, promote and pass on our
cultural values from one generation to the next.

Here in the Philippines, values are really importance and should be respected. As we grow of our parents shaped
us different values. From the we are born. Pagkalinga, pag-aaruga, at pakialam (Care) were given by them. This
value shapes our real Filipino culture, showing that we are conscious of others.
The Filipino value system relates to the set of values or the value system that has historically been held by a
majority of Filipinos in their life. This System of Philippine values involves the distinctive combination of
coherent ideologies, moral codes, ethical procedures cultural etiquette and private values promoted by the
Philippine society. However, as with any culture, the values held sacred by any person may vary on the grounds
of religion, education, and other variables.

PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATION OF FILIPINO VALUES

For the most part, Filipino values are focused on social harmony, mainly driven by a group's preserving to be
accepted. The primary sanction from these values are "Hiya" ideas, approximately translated as "a sense of
shame," amore proper" and or "self-esteem." Social approval, group recognition, and group membership are
significant issues. Caring for what others believe, say or do is a powerful influence on Filipinos social behavior.
The Filipino philosophy is basically “non-dualistic” according to anthropologist Leonardo Mercado. He
concludes, based on his linguistic analysis of Filipino value terms such as “loob” (Cebuano buot), that Filipinos
desire harmony, not only in interpersonal relationships, but also with nature and religion, while remaining non-
dichotomous. The Filipino wants to harmonize the object and the subject while keeping both as distinct at the
same time.
MODELS OF THE FILIPINO VALUES
1. Exogenous Model or the Foreign Model
- A “legal” and “formal” model is defined as the international model. Filipinos from Western cultures,
particularly from the Spaniards and the Americans, inherited the foreign model. An example of
foreign or exogenous impact is the bureaucracy displayed in the Philippine government.
2. Indigenous Model or the Traditional Model
- It is described as a “traditional and non-formal” model or guide, the indigenous model is deeply
integrated in the Filipinos ‘subconscious.

56
STRUCTURES AND ELEMENTS OF FILIPINO VALUES
The Filipino value system is known to possess significant key components based on research, surveys,
observations, anecdotes and other literatures developed by scholars and researchers in relation to Filipino social
values or core values, together with the Filipino character or identity of a person or individual known as the
Filipino.
One may notice how Hiya (ownership/ dignity), Pakikisama (companionship/ esteem), and Utang Na Loob
(gratitude/ solidarity) are simply Surface Values readily seen and appreciated by many Filipinos. These three
values are deemed branches of a single origin Filipino Personality's real core value — Kapwa.
It implies' totality,' referring to society, or not doing stuff alone. Ibang Tao (other people) and Hindi Ibang Tao
(no other people) are two types of Kapwa. The Surface Values spin off the Core Value through Pakikiramdam's
Pivotal Aspect or mutual internal perception ("feeling for someone else").
The values of the Filipinos specifically uphold the following elements: family unit solidarity, security of the
Philippine economy, orientation towards small-groups, personalism, the concepts of “loob” or “kalooban”
(meaning “what’s inside the self,” the “inner self” or the “actual personal feelings of the self”), existence and
maintenance of smooth interpersonal relationships, and the sense of the self.
In a broader image, these values are categorized into particular cluster or “macroclusters”:
1. Cluster of Relationships
2. Social Cluster
3. Cluster of Livelihoods
4. Cluster of Inwardness
5. Cluster of Optimism

57
 CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 10

Instructions:
1. Answer the following questions.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:

ESSAY: Answer the following questions.

1. What is the essence of Filipino Values System?

2. What is the difference between Exogenous Model and Indigenous Model?
3. Enumerate the Structure and elements of Filipino values.

58
 CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor

MODULE 11 (Thirteenth Week)

CFLM 1
Prepared by: Ma’am Criseljosa W. Lacapag, RC
Objectives
At the end of this chapter the students should be able to:
1. Recognize and relate Filipino values, its structures, models, philosophical foundations and elements.

TOPIC: FILIPINO CORE VALUES

THE FIVE CORE FILIPINO VALUES

Based on Dr. Ramirez’s study “The Filipino Worldview and Values” and her perspectives as a
phenomenological sociologist from centuries of practice, here are the Five Core Filipino Values based on a
Filipino’s Basic Aspirations.
1. Mapagpasalamat
2. Matatag
3. Masigasig
4. Mapagmalasakit
5. Magalang

THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE CORE VALUES

Being a noble profession the police service demands from its members specialized understanding and abilities,
as well as great standard of ethics and morality.
The members of the Philippine National Police must therefore conform to and internalize the key principles of:
 Love of God
59
  Respect for Authority
 Respect for women
 Respect for sanctity of marriage
 Stewardship over material things
 Responsible dominion
 Truthfulness
The Police service in the Philippines is expressed in the acronym SERVICE. The acronym SERVICE stands
for:
SERVANT HOOD
- As police affirm its unconditional service and love for the nation and individuals, police value a
supportive and professional role serves and protects its clientele and community with honesty,
utmost devotion and commitment above private concern.

EXCELLENCE
- Police are committed in doing and making things occur effectively and efficiently in all of their
efforts as they strive to accomplish more consistently and outstandingly with tangible outcomes and
far beyond their best.

RESPONSIBILITY WITH ACCOUNTABILITY

-
Police carry out execute their responsibilities and tasks as their mortal duty is to serve the public
with due diligence and always bearing in mind that they are accountable and duty bound to promote
the public interest.
VALUING PEOPLE AND RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS
-
Police always maintain their fellow human beings’ dignity whenever they cater their needs and are
delicate and cautious in serving and protecting them with compassion and utmost regard for their
human rights.
INTEGRITY
-
Police take an uncompromising and coherent position in the fulfillment of their obligation to live an
honest, upright and dignified life according to the highest ethical and moral norms where their
advocacy, values and convictions are compatible with their words and actions.
COURAGE
-
From their moral strength police draw their collective and individual power of approach to always
accept difficult duties, and they are courageous enough to speak out against temptation, anomalies,
corruption and exploitation and stand firm.
EMPOWERMENT
- Police reach out and create bridges of collaboration, nurture volunteerism and operate in harmony
with their clientele by training individuals for a better and safer society in the process.

60
 CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 11-A

Instructions:
1. Provide the data in the table.
2. Follow the template.
3. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
4. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
5. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:

FILIPINO CORE VALUES SELF-EXPLANATION EXAMPLE

(SCENARIO)
1. Mapagpasalamat

2. Matatag

3. Masigasig

61
 4. Mapagmalasakit

5. Magalang

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor

CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 11-B

Instructions:
1. Answer the following.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4.Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the best answer.

1. It is approximately translated as “a sense of shame,” and “Amor proper” or self-esteem.
a. hiya c. Pakikiramay
b. galang d. bayanihan
2. Police take an uncompromising and coherent position in the fulfillment of their obligation to live an
honest, upright and dignified life according to the highest ethical and moral norms where their advocacy,
values and convictions are compatible with their words and actions.
a. courage c. integrity
b. valuing people d. empowerment
3. As police affirms its unconditional service and love for the nation and individuals, Police value a
supportive and professional role serves and protects its clientele and community with honesty, utmost
devotion and commitment above private concern.
62
 a. excellence c. servant hood
b. empowerment d. courage
4. Filipinos, being in a nation susceptible to natural disasters, have adjusted and learned to be powerful in
moments of need and in difficult circumstances that life throws at us. This power is derived from our
love for our family and our belief in the greater being.
a. mayabang c. metatag
b. masigasig d. mapagpasalamat
5. It is because of our family love extended to friends, neighbors and others that naturally sympathetic
Filipinos. This compassion allows us to assist others without in exchange asking for anything.
a. masigasig c. matatag
b. mapagpasalamat d. mapagmalasakit

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor
MODULE 12 (Fourteenth Week)
CFLM 1
Prepared by: Ma’am Criseljosa W. Lacapag, RC
Objectives
At the end of this chapter the students should be able to:
1. Recognize different laws that promote nationalism and patriotism in the Philippines.
2. Discuss Gender and Development and its related laws.

TOPIC: RELATED PHILIPPINE LAWS THAT PROMOTES NATIONALISM AND PATRIOTISM

1. Republic Act. No. 10086

- An act strengthening people’s nationalism through Philippine history by changing the nomenclature
of the National Historical Institute into the National Historical Commission of the Philippines,
strengthening its powers and functions, and for other purposes; also known as the Philippine Cultural
Heritage Act of 2010.
2. Republic Act 8044
- Also known as the Youth in Nation-Building Act; an act creating the National Youth Commission,
establishing a National Comprehensive and Coordinated Program on Youth Development,
Appropriating funds therefore, and for other purposes.
3. Republic Act No. 1425
- An act to include in the curricula of all public and private schools, colleges and universities courses
on the life, works and writing of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo, authorizing the printing and distribution thereof, and for other purposes.
4. The 1987 Constitution
5. Republic Act No. 10390
- An act amending republic act no. 7306 entitled “an act providing for the establishment of the
people’s television network, incorporated, defining its powers and functions, providing for its

63
 sources of funding and for other purposes; also known as “An Act Revitalizing the People’s
Television Network Incorporated”.
6. Republic Act No. 9512
- Approved last December 12, 2008; also known as an act to promote environmental awareness
through environmental education and for other purposes or the National Environmental Awareness
and Education Act of 2008.

GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT

Philippine Commission on Women defined Gender and Development as the development perspective and
process that is participatory and empowering, equitable, sustainable, free from violence, respectful of human
rights, supportive of self-determination and actualization of human potentials.
Gender and Development (GAD) approach focuses on the socially constructed basis of difference between men
or women and emphasizes the need to challenge existing gender roles and relations.
GAD was developed in the 1980’s as an alternative to the Women and Development (WID) approach. Unlike
WID, the GAD approach is not concerned specifically with women, but with the way in which a society assigns
with women, but with the way in which a society assigns roles, responsibilities and expectations to both women
and men. GAD applies gender analysis to uncover the ways in which men and women work together presenting
results in neutral terms of economics and efficiency.
GAD focuses on the principle that development is for all. Everyone in society, female or male, has the right to
equal opportunities to achieve a full and satisfying life.
It does not define the following:
1. Not a war of the sexes
2. Not anti-Male
3. Both women and men are victims although women more than men
4. Both have a stake in the struggle for gender equality

GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT RELATED LAWS AND ISSUANCES IN THE PHILIPPINES

Philippine Plan for Gender and Development, 1995-2025
- National Plan that addresses provides and pursues full equality and development for men and
women. Approved and adopted by former President Fidel V. Ramos as Executive No. 273, on
September 8, 1995, it is the successor of the Philippine Development Plan for Women, 1989-1992
adopted by Executive No. 348 of February 17, 1989.
Republic Act No. 9710 (Magna Carta of Women)
64
 -Approved on August 14, 2009, which mandates for non-discriminatory and pro-gender equality and
equity measures to enable women’s participation in the formulation, implementation and evaluation
of policies and plan for national, regional and local development.
Memorandum Circular No. 2011-01 dated October 21, 2011
- Addressing to all Government Departments including their attached agencies, offices, bureaus, State
Universities and Colleges (SUCs), Government-Owned and Controlled Corporations (GOCCs) and
all other government instrumentalities as their guidelines and procedures for the establishment,
strengthening and institutionalization of the Gender and Development (GAD) Focal Point System
(GFPS).
Republic Act 7877 (Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995).
- It is an “Act Declaring Sexual Harassment Unlawful in the Employment, Education or Training
Environment, and for other purposes” was approved on February 14, 1995 and became effective on
March 5, 1995.

Republic Act 9262 (Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act of 2004).
- It protects the family and its members particularly women and children from violence and threats to
their persona safety and security.
Republic Act 7192 (Women in Development and Nation Building Act)
- The Act provides guidance and measures that will mobilize and enhance participation of women in
the development process in ways equal to that of men.

Memorandum Circular No. 48 Series of 2013

- Directing all concerned government agencies to adopt the Gender Equality Guidelines in the
development of their respective Media Policies and Implementing Programs in order to promote
gender mainstreaming.

Republic Act 10354

- The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012 or the RH Law. It is a law in the
Philippines, which guarantees universal access to methods of contraception, fertility control, sexual
education, and maternal care.

1987 Philippine Constitution (Article II Sec. 14)

- The State recognizes the role of women in nation building and shall promote the Fundamental
Equality before the law of women and men.

65
 CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 12

Instructions:
1. Provide the data in the table.
2. Follow the template.
3. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
4. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
5. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Answer the following.

1. What is the law creating the National Youth Commission?
a. RA 1425 b. RA 8044 c. RA 10086 d. RA 10390
2. It is an act to include in the curricula of all public and private schools, colleges and universities courses
on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo, authorizing the printing and distribution thereof, and for other purposes.
a. RA 1425 b. RA 10086 c. RA 8044 d. RA 10390
3. It is an act to promote environmental awareness through Environmental Education (EE) and covers the
integration of EE in the school curricula at all levels.
a. RA 10086 b. The Philippine Constitution c. RA 9512 d. RA 8044
4. What month of the year is considered the Environmental Awareness Month in the Philippines?
a. March b. November c. September d. October
66
 5. It is the development perspective and process that is participatory and empowering, equitable,
sustainable, free from violence, respectful of human rights, supportive of self-determination and
actualization of human potentials.
a. Women and Development
b. Women in Development
c. Gender and Development
d. Gender in Development
ESSAY: Answer the following.
1. What is the significance of RA 9262?
2. What does GAD means?
3. Explain the RA 1425 and its contribution in promoting nationalism and patriotism.
4. Is nationalism still alive in the Philippines?

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor
MODULE 13 (Fifteenth Week)
CFLM 1
Prepared by: Ma’am Criseljosa W. Lacapag, RC
Objectives
At the end of this chapter the students should be able to:
1. Recognize different laws that promote nationalism and patriotism in the Philippines.
2. Discuss Gender and Development and its related laws.

TOPIC: GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT

SEX AND GENDER: HOW THEY DIFFER?
“An extremely important part of an individual’s identity and one that begins at least at birth, is gender.”
Dr. Kenneth Cushner, 2012
Gender
- refers to the specific set of characteristics that identifies the social behavior of women and men and
the relationship between them.

SEX GENDER
Categorized as male or female Masculinity and femininity
Biological Socially culturally and historically determined
Fixed at birth Learned through socialization
Does not change across time and space Varies over time and space
Equally valued Unequally valued (masculinity as the norm)

Gender identity/ gender role includes knowledge of a large set of rules and expectations for what boys and girls
should wear, how they should speak and act, and their ‘place’ in the overall structure of the society.
67
It can be affected by:
1. Race- each of the major divisions of humankind, having distinct physical characteristics.
2. Ethnicity- the fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural
tradition.
3. Social Class- a division of a society based on social and economic status; upper class, new money,
middle class, working class, working poor, and poverty level.
4. Religion- a particular system of faith and worship.
5. Geographical Region- a demarcated area of the Earth

COMMON MYTHS ABOUT GENDER

1. If a father does the household work, he is considered as “under the saya”.
2. Men are better leaders and administrators then women.
3. It is the woman’s fault if she is being harassed sexually when she is wearing skimpy clothing.
4. It is not proper for a girl to say “I love you” first to a boy.
5. The mother should be the only one responsible for child-rearing and parenting.

TERMS RELATED TO GENDER

1. Socialization
- It is the process by which social norms, roles and expectations are learned and internalized.
2. Gender Socialization
- It is the process by which norms and expectations in relation to gender are learned by women and
men.
3. Gender stereotype
- A form of prejudgment, bias or limitation given to roles and expectations of males and females.
These may affect the gender equality inequality in the society.
4. Gender equality
- gives men and women the entitlement to all aspects of human development.
5. Gender inequality
- refers to unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals based on their gender.

GENDER STEREOTYPE INVOLVES THE DIFFERENTIATIONS

Attributed by a given culture to women and men, in the following aspects:
1. Social Roles
2. Capacities
3. Traits and Characteristics

1. GENDER STEREOTYPE IN SOCIAL ROLES BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN

68
 MEN WOMEN
Provides financially for the family Takes care of the house and children
Works as managers, construction builders or Works as a nurse, teacher, secretary
engineers
Portrayed as leaders Portrayed as followers

2. GENDER STEREOTYPE IN CAPACITIES BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN

MEN WOMEN
Good in math and science Good in arts and less intellectual pursuits
Physically strong Physically weaker and fragile
Firm decision makers Wishy-washy or fickle minded in decision making

3. GENDER STEREOTYPE IN TRAITS AND CHARACTERISTICS BETWEEN MEN AND

WOMEN

MEN WOMEN
Active Passive
Aloof Loving
Aggressive Peaceful
Independent Dependent
Brave Fearful

AREAS OR CHANNEL OF SOCIALIZATION

According to Dr. Ralph G. Perrino (2000), family, school, peers, mass media, public opinion, and religion play
a major role in the socialization and, ultimately, the education process.
A. FAMILY
- In the context of human society, a family (from Latin: familia) is a group of people related either by
consanguinity (by recognized birth), affinity (by marriage or other relationship), or co-residence
(relatives and servants). It is also known as the basic unit for raising children.
- It is the principal institution for the socialization of children.

Two Types of Family

1. Immediate Family – may include spouses, parents, brothers, sisters, sons, and daughters.
2. Extended Family – may include grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, nephews, nieces, and siblings – in-
law.

GENERAL CLASSIFICATIONS OF FAMILY STRUCTURES

69
 1. Matrifocal Family
- this kind of family occurs commonly where women have the resources to rear their children by
themselves or where men are more mobile than women; opposite of patrifocal family.
2. Patriarchal Family
- is a family in which the father is considered head of household; this is true regardless of which
parent is the primary breadwinner (in a household with a working mom and stay-at-home dad; also
known as father-centered family or father dominated family; opposite of matriarchal family.
3. Conjugal Family/Nuclear Family/ Single Family
- a traditional form of family that includes only the husband, the wife, and unmarried children who are
not of age.
4. Avuncular Family
- a family composed of a grandparent, a brother, his sister, and her children
5. Childless Family
- is sometimes the “forgotten family,” as it does not meet the traditional standards set by society.
Childless families consist of a husband and wife living and working together.
6. Extended Family
- family that extends beyond the nuclear family, including grandparents, aunts, uncles, and other
relatives, who all live nearby on in one household.

7. Family of Choice/ Chosen Family

- is common within the LGBT community, both in academic literature and in colloquial vocabulary. It
refers to the group of people in an individual’s life that satisfies the typical role of family as a
support system.
8. Blended Family or Stepfamily
- describes families with mixed parents: one or both parents remarried, bringing children of the former
family into the new family.
9. Monogamous Family
- In this case, an individual has only one (official) partner during their lifetime or at any one time.
10. Polygamous Family
- a family composed of a marriage that includes more than two partners (polygamous).
a. Polygamy – a man is married to more than one wife at a time which is common in some parts of
Middle East and Africa and is often associated with Islam;
b. Polyandry – when a woman is married to more than one husband at a time; traditionally practiced in
areas of the Himalayan mountains, among Tibetans in Nepal, in parts of China and in parts of
northern India.
c. Fraternal Polyandry – where two or more brothers are married to the same wife.
d. Polyamory – If a marriage includes multiple husbands and wives; group or conjoint marriage.

PROCESSES INVOLVED IN GENDER SOCIALIZATION IN THE FAMILY (Ruth Hurtley)

1. Manipulation – means that people handle girls and boys differently as infants.
a. Mothers tend to use more physical stimulation on male infants and more verbal stimulation on
female infants.
b. Boy babies are tossed in the air.
c. Girl babies get more delicate handling.
2. Canalization – means that people direct children’s attention to gender-appropriate object.
a. Choice of toys, buys are given toy cars and machines.
b. girls are given dolls and tea sets.
c. Toys teach children what their prescribed roles in life will be

70
 3. Verbal Appellation – telling children what they are and what is expected of them.
a. Brave boy, pretty girl
b. Boys don’t cry, girls don’t hit playmates
4. Activity exposure – familiarizing children to their gender – appropriate tasks
a. Girls help their mother with housework.
b. Boys are encouraged to play outside the house.

B. CHRUCH/RELIGION
- It is a collection of cultural systems, belief systems, and worldviews that relate humanity to
spiritually and moral values. The practice of a religion may also include rituals, sermons,
commemoration or veneration of a deity, gods or goddesses, sacrifices, festivals, feasts, trance,
initiations, funerary services, matrimonial services, meditation, prayer, music, art, dance, public
service or other aspects of human culture.
- Gender roles in Christianity vary considerably today as they have during the last two millennia. This
is especially true with regards to marriage and ministry.

EFFFECTS OF RELIGION

1. Regular attendance at religious services is linked to healthy, stable family life, strong marriages, and well-
behaved children.
2. Religious worship also leads to a reduction in the incidence of domestic abuse, crime, substance, abuse, and
addiction.
3. In addition, religious practice can increase physical and mental health, longevity, and education attainment.

C. MASS MEDIA
- These are diversified media technologies that are intended to reach a large audience by mass
communication. It has an immense impact on young minds. With the advent of the internet,
television now has a partner in the role of visual stimulant of young minds. The culture portrayed by
the mass media emphasized glamour, sexual satisfaction and promiscuity, comedic vulgarity,
violence, and immediate gratification of needs.
- The organizations that control these technologies, such as television stations or publishing
companies, are also known as the mass media.

EFFECTS OF MASS MEDIA IN SOCIALIZATION

1. Media’s sexualization of young female celebrities.

2. Video games that promote violence and negative stereotypes.
3. Music lyrics and music videos that promote negative stereotypes and violence.
4. Sex stereotypes in kid’s TV program

DIFFERENT TYPES OF MASS MEDIA

1. Broadcast Media – such as radio, recorded music, film and television transmit their information
electronically.
2. Print Media – use a physical object such as a newspaper, book, pamphlet or comics, to distribute their
information.

71
 3. Outdoor Media – is a form of mass media that comprises billboards, signs or placards placed inside and
outside of commercial buildings, sports stadiums, shops and buses. Other outdoor media include flying
billboards (signs in tow of airplanes), blimps, and skywriting.
4. Public Speaking and Event Organizing – can also be considered as forms of mass media.
5. Digital Media – comprises both internet and mobile mass communication. Internet media provides many
mass media services, such as email, websites, blogs, and internet bases radio and television.

D. SCHOOL
- It is an institution for educating children, any institution at which instruction is given in a particular
discipline, a group of people. It is an artificial institution set up for the purpose of socialization and
cultural transmission. The school can be regarded as a formally constituted as opposed to mutual
communities.
E. PEER GROUPS
- These are both social group and primary group of people who have similar interests (homophily),
age, background, or social status. The members of this group are likely to influence the person’s
beliefs and behavior. Peer groups contain hierarchies and distinct patterns of behavior.

POSITIVE EFFECTS OF PEER GROUPS

1. Serve as a source of information
2. Teach gender roles
3. Serve as a practicing venue to adulthood
4. Teach unity & collective behavior in life
5. Identify formation – is a developmental process where a person acquires a sense of self.

NEGATIVE ATTRIBUTES (DISADVANTAGES) OF PEERS GROUPS INFLUENCE

1. Peer Pressure – often used to describe instances where an individual feel indirectly pressured into
changing his/her behavior to match that of his/her peers. Taking up smoking and underage drinking are
two of the best known examples.
2. Future problems
3. Risk behaviors
4. Aggression and pro – social behavior
5. Sexual promiscuity

72
 CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 13-A

Instructions:
1. Answer the following.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Answer the following.

6. It refers to the specific set of characteristics that identifies the social behavior of women and men and
the relationship between them.
a. sex b. femininity c. masculinity d. gender
7. Which of the following does not define gender?
a. varies over time and space
b. learned through socialization
c. biological
73
 d. unequally valued
8. It is the fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition.
a. race b. ethnicity c. social class d. religion
9. It is the process by which norms and expectations in relation to gender are learned by women and men.
a. gender socialization
b. socialization
c. gender equality
d. gender roles
10. It gives men and women the entitlement to all aspects of human development.
a. gender equality c. gender roles
b. gender inequality d. gender socialization
11. It is a form of prejudgment, bias or limitation given to roles and expectations of males and females.
a. gender roles c. gender stereotype
b. gender socialization d. gender inequality
12. Which of the following is not an aspect in the concept of gender stereotyping?
a. traits and characteristics c. social roles
b. capacities d. leadership

13. Which of the following is not an example in gender stereotype of males in the aspect of social roles?
a. portrayed as leaders
b. physically weaker and fragile
c. provides financially for the family
d. works as managers
14. Which of the following is not a specific characteristic for a female?
a. aggressive b. peaceful c. fearful d. loving
15. It is the principal institution for the socialization of children.
a. church b. peers c. mass media d. family
16. Luis’ family is being headed by her mother because his father is already dead since he was 3 years old.
What kind of family structure does have?
a. conjugal family c. Matrifocal family
b. extended family d. monogamous family
17. It is a family composed of a grandparent, a brother, his sister, and her children.
a. childless family c. avuncular family
b. polygamous family d. single family
18. Roberto has step brothers and sisters. Both his parents had remarried. What type of family does he have?
a. blended family c. extended family
b. avuncular family d. chosen family
19. It refers to a family when a woman is married to more than one husband at a time.
a. polygyny b. polyamory c. polyandry d. fraternal polyandry
20. Based on the laws of the Muslim, males can marry up to four wives. What term is referred to it?
a. polygyny b. polyamory d. polyandry d. fraternal polyandry
21. It means that people direct children’s attention to gender-appropriate object.
a. active exposure c. canalization
b. verbal appellation d. manipulation
22. It is a collection of cultural systems, belief systems, and worldviews that relate humanity to spirituality
and moral values.
a. peers b. community c. mass media d. religion

74
 23. It means telling children what they are and what is expected of them.
a. active exposure c. verbal appellation
b. canalization d. manipulation
24. These are diversified media technologies that are intended to reach a large audience by mass
communication.
a. mass media b. family c. church d. peers
25. Which of the following is an example of an outdoor mass media?
a. radio b. websites c. billboards d. newspapers

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor

CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 13-B

Instructions:
1. Answer the following.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and
your subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:

Check Progress No. 13-B

YOUR REACTION HERE!

75
 CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor

MODULE 14 (Sixteenth Week)

CFLM 1
Prepared by: Ma’am Criseljosa W. Lacapag, RC
Objectives
At the end of this chapter the students should be able to:
1. Demonstrate the Filipino duties and obligations as a citizen.

TOPIC: CITIZENSHIP
CITIZENSHIP
- a term denoting membership of a citizen in a political society, which membership implies,
reciprocally, a duty of allegiance on the part of the member and duty of protection on the part of the
State.
CITIZEN
- refers to a person having the title of citizenship. He is the member of a democratic community who
enjoy full civil and political rights, and is accorded protection inside and outside the territory of the
State.

CITIZENSHIP AND CITIZEN DISTINGUISHED FORM NATIONALITY AND NATIONAL

From the point of view of international law, “citizenship” and “citizen” do not exactly mean the same as
“nationality” and “national”. The national of a State include not only its citizens who enjoy full civil and
political privileges but also all others who are not its citizens, but because they owe allegiance to it, are not
regarded as aliens. While all citizens are nationals of a State, not all nationals are citizens of the state.

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MEANING OF SUBJECT AND ALIEN
A citizen is a member of a democratic community who enjoys full civil and political rights. In Monarchical
State, He is often called Subject.
An alien is a citizen of a country who is residing in or passing through another country. He is a popularly called
“foreigner”. He is not given the full rights to citizenship but is entitled to receive protection as to his person or
property.
GENERAL WAYS OF ACQUIRING CITIZENSHIP
1. Involuntary method – by birth, because of blood relationship or place of birth.
2. Voluntary Method – by naturalization, except in case of collective naturalization of the inhabitants of a
territory which takes place when it is ceded by one state to another as a result of a conquest or treaty.

WHAT ARE THE MODES IN ACQUIRING PHILIPPINE CITIZENSHIP?

1. Filipino by Birth / Natural Born Filipino
a. Jus Soli (right of soil) which is the legal principle that a person’s nationality at birth is determined
by the place of birth (e.g. the territory of a given state)
b. Jus sanguinis (right of blood) which is the legal principle that, at birth, an individual acquires the
nationality of his/her natural parent/s. The Philippine adheres to this principle.

2. Filipino by Naturalization / Naturalized Citizen

- which is the judicial act of adopting a foreigner and clothing him with privileges of a native-born
citizen. It implies the renunciation of a former nationality and the fact of entrance into a similar
relation towards a new body.

CLASSIFICATION OF FILIPINO CITIZENS

(Article IV, Section 1, Philippine Constitution)
1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of this Constitution;
2. Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines;
3. Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect Philippine citizenship upon
reaching the age of majority; and
4. Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.

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 CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 14

Instructions:
1. Answer the following.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Answer the following.

1. It is a term denoting membership of a citizen in a political society, which membership implies,
reciprocally, a duty of allegiance on the part of the member and duty of protection on the part of the
state.
a. alien b. citizen c. citizenship d. subject
2. Citizens of the British Monarchy are referred to?
a. alien b. citizen c. subjects d. monarchs
3. What is the other term for a foreigner?
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 a. alien b. citizen c. subjects d. monarchs
4. It is the legal principle that a person’s nationality at birth is determined by the place of birth.
a. jus sanguinis b. jus por santo c. jus soli d. jusku lurd
5. Harry Potter was born in the Philippines. His parents were both British but renounce their citizenship
upon deciding to stay for good in the country. Is Harry a Filipino?
a. No c. No, because he is a British
b. Yes d. Yes. But he is half-blood

ESSAY: Answer the following.

1. What is the difference between Filipino by Birth and Filipino by Naturalization?

2. What do you mean by Alien?

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor

MODULE 15 (Seventeenth Week)

CFLM 1
Prepared by: Ma’am Criseljosa W. Lacapag, RC
Objectives
At the end of this chapter the students should be able to:
1. Demonstrate the Filipino duties and obligations as a citizen.

TOPIC: NATURALIZATION

IDEALS POLICY ON NATURALIZATION

The policy on naturalization should be guided by our own national interest. Perhaps the ideal is that only those
who have come to love the country, who have integrated themselves into the citizenry and who can contribute to
the development of the nation should be conferred citizenship by naturalization.

Naturalization is the act of formally adopting a foreigner into the political body of the state and clothing him
with the rights and privilege of citizenship. It implies the renunciation of a former nationality and the fact of
entrance to a similar relation towards a new body politic.

NATURE OF NATURALIZATION

An alien does not have a natural, inherent or vested fight to be admitted to citizenship in a state. Citizenship is a
matter of grace, favor or privilege which a sovereign government may confer on, or withhold from, an alien or
grant to him under such conditions as it sees fit without the support of any reason whatsoever.

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Citizenship in our republic be it ever most powerful nation if the world, can take such citizenship for granted or
assume it as a matter of right. In view of the above principles, the rule is that in case of doubt concerning the grant
of citizenship, such doubt be resolved in favor of the state and against the applicant for naturalization.

THREE WAYS OF ACQUIRING BY NATURALIZATION

1. By judgment of the court

- The foreigner who wants to become a Filipino citizen must apply for naturalization with the proper
Regional Trial Court / Court of First Instance. The Revise Naturalization Act is the present
naturalization law. Such law shall also continue in force pursuant to the transitory provision of the
Constitution (Art. XVIII, Sec.3.);
2. By direct act of Congress
- In this case our law making body simply enacts an act directly conferring citizenship to a foreigner.
3. By administrative proceeding
- Under R.A. No.9139, known as the Administrative Naturalization Law of 2000,"aliens born and
residing in the Philippines may be granted Philippine citizenship by administrative proceedings
before a special committee on naturalization. The petition for citizenship shall be filled with the
committee which has the power to approve, deny or reject application as provided in the law.

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LOSS OF CITIZENSHIP
A Filipino citizen may lose his citizenship in any of the following ways:

1. Voluntary
a. By Naturalization in a foreign country
b. By express renunciation of citizenship (expatriation)
c. By subscribing to an oath of allegiance to support the constitution and law of foreign country
d. By rendering service to or accepting commission in the armed forces of a foreign country.

The voluntary loss or renunciation of one’s nationality is called EXPATRIATION.

2. Involuntary
a. By cancellation of his certificate of naturalization by the court.
b. By having been declared by competent authority a deserter of the Philippine armed forces in
times of war.
WHAT ARE THE GROUNDS FOR REACQUIRING LOST PHILIPPINE CITIZENSHIP?
1. By naturalization
2. By repatriation – affected by merely taking the necessary oath of allegiance to the Republic of the
Philippines and registering the same in the proper civil registry.
3. By direct act of congress.

WHAT IS AN ALLEGIANCE?
Allegiance is loyalty owed by a person to his state. Section 5 prohibits more particularly naturalized
Filipinos from practicing what is called "dual allegiance" declaring it inimical to national interests. Note that
what Section 5 prohibits is not dual citizenship but dual allegiance of citizens.
Dual citizenship refers to the possession of two citizenships by an individual, that of his original citizenship
and that of the country where he became a naturalized citizen. It arises because our laws cannot control laws
of other states on citizenship but dual allegiance can be a matter of personal choice or decision.

WHAT ARE THE DUTIES AND OBLIGATION OF THE CITIZENS?

1. To be loyal to the republic.

Loyalty implies faith and confidence in the republic and love and devotion to the country. The
citizen must be proud of his country, its customs, traditions, language, and institutions. He must share in its
glories and feel sad in its misfortunes. It is the "home of our people, the seat of our affections and the source of
our happiness and well-being."
2. To defend the State.
Men may differ and do differ on religious beliefs and creeds, government policies, the wisdom
and validity of laws, even the correctness or judicial decisions and decrees, but in field of love of country,
national unity, and patriotism, they can hardly afford to differ for these are matters in which they are mutually
and vitally interested, for to them they mean national existence or survival as a nation or national extinction.
3. To contribute to the development and welfare of the state.
The development and welfare of the state should be the concern of every citizen for he will be the first to
enjoy the benefits thereof. Anything that affects him, individually and personally. He is affected by its ills
and disorder, growth and stability.
4. To uphold the constitution and obey the laws.
It is the shrine for all the hopes and visions for our nation. Laws are enacted in accordance
with it for the good of all. It is therefore the duty of every citizen to defend and respect the constitution
and obey the laws. If the people would disregard them, the government would collapse, and this would
mean lawlessness and the disintegration of the social order. The constitution contains provisions designed
to insure that is the accord.

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 5. To cooperate with the duly constituted authorities.
The larger interest of the group and the nation that he must serve necessarily involve his own.
And he would be recreant to the claims of that interest if he did not actively concern himself with the affairs
of his government. It is not enough for example that a citizen should take care that in his daily life he does
not violate any of the multitudinous rules.
6. To exercise rights responsively with due regards to the rights of others.
Society is composed of men, each with interest of his own. In the course of life, the interest of
man conflict with those of many others. Amidst the continuous clash on interest, the ruling social philosophy
should be that, in the ultimate social order, the welfare of every man depends upon the welfare of all.
7. To engage in gainful work.
Employment is not the obligation solely of the state. Every citizen should consider it his own
responsibility and should strive to become a useful an productive member of society to assure not only himself
but, perhaps, more important, his family a life worthy of human dignity.
8. To register and vote
Suffrage is both a privilege and a duty which every qualified citizen must perform. It is through suffrage
that the will of the people is expressed. The quality of public official of the government, depend, direct or
indirectly, upon the voters.

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 CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 15-A

Instructions:
1. Answer the following.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and your
subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Answer the following.

6. Which of the following is a Filipino naturalized citizen?
a. Claire who was born in the Philippines
b. Guila who was born in Bacolod
c. Klyzia who was born in Batanes
d. Shela who renounced her former US citizenship
7. It is the act of formally adopting a foreigner into the political body of the state and clothing him with the
rights and privilege of citizenship.
a. naturalization c. renunciation
b. citizenship d. socialization
8. How many years is required length of time that a foreigner may reside in our country in order that he or
she may have granted a Filipino citizenship through naturalization?
a. 10 years b. 20 years c. 5 years d. 3 years
9. Currently, China is at war with the Philippines. Chong Quay La, a Chinese is applying for a Filipino
citizenship. Can his application be granted by the Republic of the Philippines?
a. No.
b. Yes.
c. It depends on the PSA
d. It depends on the DFA.
10. Kyle leaves the Philippines and decided to never come back. What is being referred in the statement?
a. expedition b. naturalization c. repatriation d. expatriation
11. Dina is a Filipino citizen who marries a Thai. Does she lose her Filipino Citizenship?
a. No
b. Yes
c. Yes, because she is now a Thai citizen
d. It depends
12. It is loyalty owed by a person to his state.
a. patriotism b. devotion c. obedience d. allegiance

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13. It refers to the possession of two citizenships by an individual, that of his original citizenship and that of
the country where he became a naturalized citizen.
a. dual allegiance b. naturalization c. citizenship d. dual citizenship

14. How many citizenships can a woman have if she marries an alien?
a. 9 b. 2 c. as many as she wants d. only 1

15. Which of the following is not a ground for reacquiring lost Philippine Citizenship?
a. by naturalization
b. by repatriation
c. by expatriation
d. by direct act of congress

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor

84
 CFLM 1
Check Progress No. 15-B

Instructions:
1. Answer the following.
2. You can use any of the following suggested pieces of paper.
a. Yellow paper (usual for college)
b. Bond paper (long or short)
3. Answers should be made in handwritten form.
4. Make sure to indicate your full name (family name first), your course, year level, block and
your subject at the top of your answer sheet.

Name: Course/Block:
Subject: Date:

DUTIES AND OBLIGATIONS OF A CITIZEN SELF-EXPLANATION

1. To be loyal to the republic
2. To contribute to the development and
welfare of the state.

3. To uphold the constitution and obey the

laws
4. To cooperate with the duly constituted
authorities.

5. To exercise rights responsively with due

regards to the rights of others.

6. To engage in gainful work

7. To register and vote.

CRISELJOSA W. LACAPAG
Instructor

85