UNIT 2
1. Outlet: (n) /ˈaʊtlet/
a. an opening through which something, usually a liquid or gas, can come out
Ex: The plumber tightened the outlet valve.
b. a store that sells a particular company's products or products of a specific type
Ex: The supermarket and clothing retail chain has 152 outlets in Ireland, Britain, and Spain
2. Subsidiary: (adj / n) US: /səbˈsɪd.i.er.i/ UK: /səbˈsɪd.i.ə.ri/
a. used to refer to something less important than something else with which it is connected
Ex: The subsidiary role of the marketing team was to support the main sales force.
b. a company that is controlled by another
Ex: The tech giant established a new subsidiary to focus on artificial intelligence research.
3. Administration: (n) /ədˌmɪn.ɪˈstreɪ.ʃən/
a. the arrangements and tasks needed to control the operation of a plan or organization.
Ex: Teachers complain that more of their time is taken up with administration than with
teaching
b. the activity of managing or dealing with a business activity
Ex: Administration of the scheme is costly in terms of time
4. Framework /ˈfreɪm.wɜːk/ (n)
a. a structure around or over which something is built:
Ex: The bridge is supported by a strong steel framework that ensures stability and strength.
b. The ideas, information, and principles that form the structure of an organization or
plan:
● a framework for sth
Ex: The company created a framework for developing new products efficiently.
● within the framework of sth
Ex: Within the framework of the new policy, employees are encouraged to take on more
responsibilities.
Synonyms: plan, structure, foundation
5. recruit - recruitment - recruiter
● Recruit /rɪˈkruːt/ (v)
a. To persuade someone to become a new member of an organization
Ex: The coach spends a lot of time recruiting the top high school athletes.
b. To employ new people to work for a company or organization:
Ex: The loan will be used for start-up costs to recruit workers and provide ongoing operating
expenses.
Synonyms: enlist, hire, engage
● Recruit /rɪˈkruːt/ (n):
A new member of an organization, esp. a military organization
Ex: The company is looking for new recruits to join its expanding team.
Synonyms : newcomer, beginner, trainee
● Recruitment /rɪˈkruːt.mənt/ (n):
The process of employing new people to work for a company or organization:
Ex: In the private business sector, there has been a tight limit on wage rises and a near-
freeze on recruitment.
● Recruiter : uk /rɪˈkruː.tər/ us /rɪˈkruː.tɚ/ (n):
A company or organization that is looking for new employees:
Ex: Corporate recruiters are visiting the university campus to interview final year students.
6. Cater: uk /ˈkeɪ.tər/ us /ˈkeɪ.t̬ɚ/ (v)
a) To provide, and sometimes serve, food:
Ex: I'm catering for twelve on Sunday - the whole family is coming.
b) To provide the food and drinks at an event, for an organization, etc.:
Ex: The hotel can cater meals for delegates while the conference is underway
Synonyms: serve, provide
7. inquiry - inquire (n,v)
uk /ɪnˈkwaɪə.ri/ us /ˈɪn.kwɚ.i/ /ɪnˈkwaɪ.ri/ - (n)
uk /ɪnˈkwaɪər/ us /ɪnˈkwaɪr/ - (v)
a) the act of asking for information:
Ex: I’ve made inquiries about the cost of a ticket
b) a question or request for information about someone or something:
Ex: The company has received more than 1,000 inquiries since they launched the insurance
policy last month.
8. Procedure (n)
uk /prəˈsiː.dʒər/ us /prəˈsiː.dʒɚ/
a) an order or method of doing something:
Ex: It’s standard procedure for those at the top of the list to be called first.
b) a set of actions which is the usual or official way of doing something:
Ex: procedure for sth The company has introduced new procedures for dealing with
customer complaints.
9. Initial (a,n,v)
uk /ɪˈnɪʃ.əl/ us /ɪˈnɪʃ.əl/
a) of or at the beginning; first:
Ex: She failed her driving test on the initial try, but passed the next time.
b) happening at the beginning:
Ex: Investors may not get back the full value of their initial investment.
10. Screening /ˈskriː.nɪŋ/ (n)
a) a showing of a film.
b) a process in which someone's previous jobs, personal activities, etc. are examined in
order to find out if they are suitable or able to do a partijudgement.
Ex: Employment screening does not always extend to temporary staff.
11. Assessment /əˈses.mənt/ (n):
a) the act of judging or deciding the amount, value, quality, or importance of something, or
the judgment or decision that judgement.
b) the process of considering all the information about a situation or a person and
making a judgement.
- conduct/give/make an assessment
Ex: The first thing you must do is make an assessment of the situation.
- a detailed/thorough assessment
Ex: They intend to conduct a more detailed assessment of potential clients.
- initial/preliminary assessment
Ex: According to our initial assessment, progress was considerably slower than had been
predicted.
Assess: /əˈses/ (v)
a) to judge or decide the amount, value, quality, or importance of something.
b) to make a decision about a person or situation after considering all information.
- assess that/whether
Ex: A lender must be able to assess that the borrower is able to pay back the loan.
- assess sb on sth
Ex: You will be assessed on your ability to take decisions quickly.
12. Oversee: /ˌəʊ.vəˈsiː/ (v)
a) to watch or organize a job or an activity to make certain that it is being done
correctly:
Ex: As marketing manager, her job is to oversee all the company's advertising.
b) to be in charge of how an amount of money is invested or spent
Ex: The capital management firm oversees total assets of $107 million.
13. empower : /ɪmˈpaʊər/ (V)
a) to give someone official authority or the freedom to do something:
- empower sb (to do sth):
Ex: We empower our sales staff to make decisions without always having to consult
their supervisor.
- be empowered to do sth:
Ex: The Legislature is empowered to make law, subject to the Governor's right of veto.
b) to encourage and support the ability to do something:
Ex: We want to empower individuals to get the skills they need
Synonym: Authspent, Admission
empowerment: /ɪmˈpaʊə.mənt/ (n):
the process of gaining freedom and power to do what you want or to control what happens to
you:
Ex: female/youth empowerment
political/economic empowerment
14. Delegate: uk /ˈdel.ɪ.ɡət/ us /ˈdel.ə.ɡət/ (v)
to give a particular job, duty, right, etc. to someone else so that they do it for you:
- Delegate something to someone:
Ex: As a boss you have to delegate responsibilities to your staff.
- Delegate to:
Ex: He's a politician who tends to delegate to subordinates
● Delegation: uk /ˌdel.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ ; us /ˌdel.əˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ (n)
a) Chosen people
Ex: (delegation from) The delegation from Spain has/have arrived for a month.
b) the act of giving a particular job, duty, etc. to someone else:
- the delegation of authority/power/responsibility
Ex: The main principle involved is the delegation of responsibility for budgets to
accountable units, each of which has defined objectives.
Synonyms:
● Ambassador
● Representative
15. Initiative: uk /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/ (n)
a new plan or process to achieve something or solve a problem:
Ex: The peace initiative was welcomed by both sides.
Synonyms:
● Creativity
● Proposal
16. Hands-on:
practical; involving active participation
Ex: We’re looking for someone who has hands-on experience of using this type of software.
17. Portfolio: /poːtˈfəuliəu/: (n)
the link of investment capital (of a company, a bank)
Ex: For out-of-equilibrium governments, key portfolios may be monopolized by one party or
shared between parties.
18. Résumé: uk /rɪˈzjuːm/ us /rɪˈzuːm/ (n)
curriculum vitae
Ex: as you can see from my enclosed résumé, my experience and qualifications match this
position’s requirement.
19. monthly allowance: /ˈmʌn.θli/ /əˈlaʊ.əns/
Money that you are given regularly, especially to pay for something happening once a month
Ex: His wife agreed to go back to him, and he gave her a monthly allowance.
20. internship /ˈɪn.tɜːn.ʃɪp/ (n)
a) A period of training spent in a hospital by a young doctor in order to finish their medical
qualification:
Ex: He served his internship at Garfield Hospital.
● intern /ˈɪn.tɜːn/ (n)
b) A doctor working in a hospital who is in their first year after completing their medical
degree :
Ex: The popular TV series is about surgical interns doing their residency at a hospital in
Seattle.
21. Foundation /faʊnˈdeɪ.ʃən/ noun
a) an organization that has been created in order to provide money for a particular group of
people in need of help or for a particular type of study:
- The British Heart Foundation
- The Environmental Research Foundation
b) the first year of infant school, previously known as reception:
- A foundation class/teacher
- Her youngest child starts (in) foundation in September.
22. Align with /əˈlaɪn/ (phrasal verb)
to agree with a person or an organization and workwith them or support their ideas:
Ex: The company has a commitment to align itself closelywith specialty retailers.
● Synonyms: Exhaustive, all-encompassing, thorough
● Antonyms: Incomplete, partial, limited
23. Well-crafted /wel ˈkrɑːftɪd/
Designed or made with great skill and attention to detail.
Ex: The novel was well-crafted, with a compelling plot and vivid characters.
● Synonyms: Skillfully made, expertly designed, well-constructed
● Antonyms: Poorly made, badly designed
24. Tailored /ˈteɪ.lɚd/
Specifically designed or adjusted to meet particular needs or requirement.
Ex: The training program is tailored to meet the needs of beginners.
● Synonyms: Customized, adapted, personalized
● Antonyms: Generic, standard, one-size-fits-all
25. Grab Someone’s Attention /ɡræb ˈsʌmwʌnz əˈtɛnʃn/
To attract someone’s interest, especially in marketing, sales, or presentations.
Ex: A strong advertising campaign is essential to grab customers’ attention.
● Synonyms: Engage, capture, intrigue
● Antonyms: Lose interest, overlook
26. Showcase /ˈʃoʊ.keɪs/
To present a product, service, or skill in a way that highlights its value.
Ex: The company showcased its new AI software at the tech conference.
● Synonyms: Highlight, display, demonstrate
● Antonyms: Conceal, understate
27. Compensation – Compensate: /ˌkɑːm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/ – /ˈkɑːm.pən.seɪt/
Compensation (noun): Salary, bonuses, or benefits given to an employee for their work or to
offset a loss.
Compensate (verb): To provide payment or another benefit to balance out a disadvantage.
Ex: - The company offers competitive compensation to attract top talent.
- Employees were compensated for working overtime with additional bonuses.
● Synonyms: Salary, reimbursement, benefits
● Antonyms: Deduction, loss
