Network Utilities & Tools
Information Security & Cyber Laws Practical Notes
Vandita Grover
Network Tools and Utilities
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ping
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ipconfig
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ifconfig
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tracert
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arp
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netstat
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whois
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Network Tools and Utilities - ping
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Allow you to send a signal to another device on the network to see if
it’s active.
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Uses the ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) to send out an
“Echo request” to the destination devices and gets back to an “Echo
response” if device you are trying to reach of In fact active.
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Network Tools and Utilities - ping
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Ping an IpAddress
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Network Tools and Utilities - ping
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Ping a Domain Name
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Network Tools and Utilities - ifconfig
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ifconfig
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Used to configure, or view the configuration of a network interface
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ifconfig stands for “interface configuration”
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Running the ifconfig command displays the information about all
network in terfaces currently in operation
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Network Tools and Utilities - ifconfig
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Network Tools and Utilities - tracert
traceroute in Linux
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Let’s you see the step by step route a packet takes to the destination you specify
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so if you send a packet to google.com
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before the packet actually reaches google.com servers
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It will go through many different routers before it finally reaches google.com
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you can also use the term HOPS instead of routers
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So, if it takes 10 routers to get to google.com
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You can instead say it takes 10 HOPS.
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Network Tools and Utilities - tracert
tracert in Windows and traceroute in Linux
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Network Tools and Utilities - arp
arp
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Allows you to display and modify the address resolution protocol (ARP) cache
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An ARP cache is a simple mapping of IP addresses to MAC addresses
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To display the ARP cache entry for a specific IP address, use an -a switch followed by
the IP address.
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Network Tools and Utilities - arp
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Network Tools and Utilities - whois
whois
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searches for an object in a WHOIS database
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WHOIS is a query and response protocol that is widely used for querying databases
that store the registered users of an internet resource
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such as a domain name or an IP address block, but is also used for a wider range of
other information
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Network Tools and Utilities - whois
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Network Tools and Utilities - netstat
netstat
displays various network related information such as network connections, routing
tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, multicast memberships etc.,
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Network Tools and Utilities - netstat
-a Displays all connections and listening ports.
-b Displays the executable involved in creating each connection or listening port. In some cases, well-known executables host
multiple independent components, and in these cases, the sequence of components involved in creating the connection or
listening port is displayed. In this case, the executable name is in [] at the bottom, on top is the component it called, and so
forth until TCP/IP was reached. Note that this option can be time-consuming and will fail unless you have sufficient
permissions.
-e Displays Ethernet statistics. This option may be combined with the -s option.
-f Displays FQDN (fully qualified domain names) for foreign addresses.
-n Displays addresses and port numbers in numerical form.
-o Displays the owning process ID associated with each connection.
-p proto Shows connections for the protocol specified by proto; proto may be any of: TCP, UDP, TCPv6, or UDPv6. If used with the -s
option to display per-protocol statistics, proto may be any of: IP, IPv6, ICMP, ICMPv6, TCP, TCPv6, UDP, or UDPv6.
-r Displays the routing table.
-s Displays per-protocol statistics. By default, statistics are shown for IP, IPv6, ICMP, ICMPv6, TCP, TCPv6, UDP, and UDPv6;
the -p option may be used to specify a subset of the default.
-t Displays the current connection offload state.
-x Displays NetworkDirect connections, listeners, and shared endpoints.
-y Displays the TCP connection template for all connections. Cannot be combined with the other options.
interval Redisplays selected statistics, pausing interval seconds between each display. Press Ctrl+C to stop redisplaying statistics. If
omitted, netstat will print the current configuration information once.
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Network Tools and Utilities - netstat
netstat -e
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Network Tools and Utilities - netstat
netstat -n
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Thank You
Reach out with your doubts
Email at
preetimarwaha@andc.du.ac.in
vanditagrover@andc.du.ac.in
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