Word Replacement

1) While Arvind Panagariya has stepped down after two-and-a-half

years as the vice-chairman of the MITI Aayog, to resume his
academic career at Columbia University, the body that replaced the
Planning Commission is still to establish itself as an authoritative
voice in policy-making.
A. come, promising, succeeded, truthful
B. gone, left, exchanged, misplaced, dependable
C. resigned, scholarly, substituted, accurate
D. put, sabbatical, reinstated, authentic
E. No correction required

2) The country advertises of the highest number of higher education

institutions in the world -an amazing 33,723, according to an EY
analysis - and the second biggest number of responses in higher
education at almost 27 million (to China's 33 million).
A. boasts, astounding, largest, enrollments
B. exaggerates, overwhelming, greatest, admissions
C. proud, breathtaking, most, acceptance
D. brags, starting, much, recruitments
E. No correction required

3. Mr Kovind's censors have suggested that, as with some previous

presidential appointments, his references as a ruling party stalwart and
his Dalit status will encourage him to conciliatory to a template that
sees the President's role as purely ceremonial and basically
subordinate to the executive.
A. critics, proof, adapt, approximately
B. defamer, endorsements, follow, radically
C. detractors, credentials, conform, essentially
D. adversaries, license, adjust, fundamentally
E. No correction required

In the following question, find out the statement(s) from the given
options that show a similar meaning/context and is/are gramrnatically
correct.

4) I. The government is possibly losing 05 trillion in indirect tax

revenue per year, a sum that amounts to 40% of its goods and services
tax collection target, due to defaults and evasion.
II. On account of defaults and evasion, the government may be losing
a sum of 05 trillion in indirect tax revenue a year, which amounts to
40% of its goods and services tax collection target.
III. The government is losing out on its goods and services tax
collection target of 40% due to evasion and defaults, which may be
amounting to an indirect tax revenue of 05 trillion a year.
A) Only II & III B) Only & III C) Only III
D) Only I & II E) All of I, II & III

5) I. New research suggests most of Earth's heavy metals were

spewed from a largely overlooked kind of star explosion called a
collapsar.
II. Most of the elements found in nature were created in nuclear
reactions in stars and ultimately expel in huge stellar explosions.
III. Heavy elements found on Earth and elsewhere in the universe
from long-ago explosions range from gold and platinum, to uranium
and plutonium used in nuclear reactors, to more exotic chemical
elements such as neodymium found in consumer items such as
electronics.
A) II only B) I and III only C.) III only
D) I and II only E) All are correct

In the question given below, a paragraph is given that has a blank in

it. Five sentences (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) are suggested. Out of these,
only one fits the blank in the context of the paragraph. Pick that as the
answer.
6) The power of our thinking is magnified by the sheer volume of
thoughts that go through our minds each day. Thousands of words,
hundreds of phrases, judging thoughts, assuming thoughts,
emotionally charged thoughts, all passing unquestioned into our
minds and hearts. Some have estimated that we think approximately
60,000 thoughts per day.______ Some of us tend to think optimistic
thoughts and some pessimistic thoughts. Some people are kind to
themselves in their thoughts and some are self-critical. Some people
tend to be skeptical of others and some trusting in their thoughts. You
weren't born pessimistic, self-critical or skeptical, your prior
experiences determined your beliefs about yourself, the world, and
how you fit or do not fit into the world. Your beliefs then determine
your thoughts.
A) Did we pay attention to the content of our thoughts, and consider
their influence on our mood and choices?
B) Did you ever consider where your thoughts originated?
C) But we can characterize these thoughts into different patterns.
D) But do we notice how our thoughts influence our mood and our
behaviors?
E) A little internal observation will reveal that we all have habitual
patterns of thinking
7) Rachel Carson's book, Silent Spring, was an angry, no-holds-
barred polemic against pesticides: especially DDT. She was the first
to warn that DDT could accumulate in the environment harming fish,
birds, and other wildlife According to Carson, children suffered
sudden death, aplastic anemia, birth defects, liver disease,
chromosomal abnormalities, and leukemia - all allegedly caused by
DDT. 10 years later, the newly formed Environmental Protection
Agency banned DDT. DDT soon became synonymous with
poison._______ Since the mid 1970s, when DDT was eliminated
from global eradication efforts, tens of millions of people have died
unnecessarily from disease: most have been children less than five
years old. While it was reasonable to have banned DDT for
agricultural use, it was unreasonable to have eliminated it from public
health use.
A) However, DDT was arguably one of the safer insect repellents
ever invented.
B) But it was not her contention that chemical pesticides must be
banned completely.
C) But studies have since shown that DDT didn't cause the human
diseases Carson had claimed.
D) A growing body of evidence suggests that exposure to DDT and
its breakdown product DDE may be associated with adverse health
outcomes.
E) But the pesticide was an effective weapon in the fight against
another infection called malaria.

8) In the question given below three columns are given. Columns 1

and 3 contain different Independent sentences (5 sentences in each
column). Column 2 contains 5 connectors, each of which may or may
not join the sentences in the other two columns. The connector can
appear anywhere in the resultant sentence. Mark the option which
provides the correct sequence(s) of the joined sentence(s) as your
answer.

Column 1 Column 2 Column 3

A) An empire toppled P) He is supplied
by its enemies can 1) Nonetheless with sufficient
rise again. outward stimulus.
B) The woods were Q) One that crumbles
already filled with from within is dead
shadows one June 2) Provided forever.
evening, just before
eight o’ clock
C) Effective R) You are probably
managers recognize still reeling from
that there is always 3) But those emotions, and
something that they everything else that
can learn. can come with
untangling your life
from your partner’s
D) Becoming ex- S) A bright sunset
partner can bring still glimmered faintly
many feelings, among the trunks of
including rejection or 4) Similarly the trees.
depending on the
circumstances about
rejecting.
E) A child comes into T) One should not
the world with the 5) Though pretend to know
ability to learn, and everything from day
he learns of himself. one.

A) Only A3Q, B5S & E2P B) Only A4Q, B5S & D1T
C) Only C2S, D3R & E4T D) Only A2T & C4Q
E) Only D5P & E3S
9.
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3
A) Some private and P) Healthcare can
church schools in 1) Otherwise learn from customer
America have service industries.
uniforms.
B) Both the national Q) They are not
and state governments common in other
exercise the right to 2) Provided parts of the world.
impose stamp and
consumption taxes.
C) The reinvention of R) The main
language will not difference between
modernize the 3) Unless leaders and managers
delivery of is that leaders
healthcare. have people follow
them while managers
have people who
work for them
D) There are some S) The municipalities
key differences are permitted to
between 4) However impose licence and
leadership and consumption taxes.
management.
E) If you’re optimist, T) You might also be
you tend to expect 5) Likewise confident that you can
good things to make good things
happen. happen and avoid bad
ones.

A. Only D3P & E5S B) Only A5S, B2Q & E3R

C) Only C2S, D3R & E4T D) Only A4Q, B5S & C3P
E) Only A4R & C2S

In the question given below, two sentences are given with two blanks
each. From the given answer choices, choose the option which has the
correct combination of words fitting in both sentences.
10) Pakistan's military will continue_______absolute power, with no
constitutional_____.
He was______himself so much at the party, that he forgot to tell his
parents that he will be late, which shows lack of ______on his part.
A. Celebrating, accountability
B. possessing, maturity
C. Enjoying, responsibility
D. obtaining, liability
E. holding, reliability

11) Greece's creditors are ______accepting lower returns on their

loans in order to increase ______ the repay its debt.
The average person in the street today is a lot _______than he was
forty years ago because of the increasing_______ purchasing power
of money.
A. Interestingly, scope
B. Better off, probability
C. Forcibly, likelihood
D. Younger, chances
E. Smarter, possibility
12) Below are given certain sentences. Some of the sentences given,
if rearranged in a proper sequence will form a meaningful and
coherent paragraph. But one or more than one of the sentences do not
contribute to the main idea of the paragraph. Identify such sentences
which do not contribute to the central idea of the paragraph and mark
the option accordingly.
(A) According to study conducted by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, South Australia is predicted to see a 40
per cent drop in its average annual rainfall drop compared to rainfall
data in the middle of the 20th century.
(B) The new climate change study identified Perth as the most
vulnerable city as it will have to rely on other sources of water in the
future.
(C) Perth, Australia's driest major city, appears to be adapting the
right measures in dealing with a water crisis,
(D) Australia is on the brink of drying out due to carbon emissions.
(E) Researchers said Perth is the most vulnerable since most of its
rainfall usually occurs between May and September.
(F) The drop in average rainfall is largely due to carbon emissions or
the greenhouse gases emitted by human activities.
(G) Reports said Southern Australia will be facing a water crisis by
the end of the century as effects of climate change continue to worsen.
A) C and G
B) B and E
C) C only
D) G only
E) D and F
13) Directions: A set of five statements are given below in a sequence
that forms a coherent paragraph. Read the set of statements and
answer the questions that follow.
I. We like to keep the air in our homes as clean as possible, and
sometimes we use air filters to keep offending allergens and dust
particles at bay.
II. But some hazardous compounds are too small to be trapped in
these filters.
III. Small molecules like chloroform, which are present in small
amounts in chlorinated water, or benzene, which is a component of
gasoline, build up in our homes when we shower or boil water, or
when we store cars or lawn mowers in attached garages.
IV. Now researchers at the University of Washington have genetically
modified a common houseplant -- pothos ivy -- to remove chloroform
and benzene from the air around it.
V. The modified plants express a protein, called 2E1, that transforms
these compounds into molecules that the plants can then use to
support their own growth.
Which of the following statements can successfully fit between
statements III & IV?
A) This research was funded by the National Science Foundation,
Amazon Catalyst at UW and the National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences.
B) Both benzene and chloroform exposure have been linked to cancer.
C) It's so much simpler and more sustainable to put these proteins all
together in a houseplant.
D) Without proteins to break down these molecules, we'd have to use
high-energy processes to do it.
E) Documented evidence on indoor pollutants in the urban Indian
environment is somewhat limited.
14.) I . We like to keep the air in our homes as clean as possible, and
sometimes we use air filters to keep offending allergens and dust
particles at bay.
II. But some hazardous compounds are too small to be trapped in
these filters.
III. Small molecules like chloroform, which are present in small
amounts in chlorinated water, or benzene, which is a component of
gasoline, build up in our homes when we shower or boil water, or
when we store cars or lawn mowers in attached garages.
IV. Now researchers at the University of Washington have genetically
modified a common houseplant -- pothos ivy -- to remove chloroform
and benzene from the air around it.
V. The modified plants express a protein, called 2E1, that transforms
these compounds into molecules that the plants can then use to
support their own growth.
Which of the following statements can successfully follow V?
A) People haven't really been talking about these air filters in homes.
B) The whole process took more than two years.
C) 2E1 turns benzene into a chemical called phenol and chloroform
into carbon dioxide and chloride ions.
D) The concentration of benzene also decreased in the plant vials, but
more slowly.
E) In order to detect these changes in pollutant levels, the researchers
used much higher pollutant concentrations than are typically found in
homes.

15) I. We like to keep the air in our homes as clean as possible, and
sometimes we use air filters to keep offending allergens and dust
particles at bay.
II. But some hazardous compounds are too small to be trapped in
these filters.
III. Small molecules like chloroform, which are present in small
amounts in chlorinated water, or benzene, which is a component of
gasoline, build up in our homes when we shower or boil water, or
when we store cars or lawn mowers in attached garages.
IV. Now researchers at the University of Washington have genetically
modified a common houseplant -- pothos ivy -- to remove chloroform
and benzene from the air around it.
V. The modified plants express a protein, called 2E1, that transforms
these compounds into molecules that the plants can then use to
support their own growth.
Which of the following statements can successfully replace II?

A) The team is currently working to increase the plants' capabilities

by adding a protein that can break down another hazardous molecule
found in home air.
B) Plants in the home would also need to B. be inside an enclosure
with something to move air past their leaves, like a fan.
C) The researchers then tested how well their modified plants could
remove the pollutants from air compared to normal pothos ivy.
D) Though, good at removing larger particulate matter like pollen and
dust mites, purifiers cannot safely remove particulates under 0.3 mm.
E) The researchers made a synthetic version of the gene that serves as
instructions for making the rabbit form of 2E1

16. Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions
that follow.
Of all the emotional states that can affect our physical well-being
though, loneliness is one of the least understood and least clinically
recognized. But being lonely can have lasting impacts on our bodies.
Name a condition and it seems like Western medicine has a pill one
can take to prevent it. Heart problems, muscle aches, stomach
conditions, even anxiety and depression are treatable with the pop of a
carefully planned pill. Now scientists are even working on a pill to
help combat loneliness. Loneliness is what occurs when chemical
signals that encourage us to reach out to other people, but our hyper-
vigilant minds instead perceive social dangers, much like social
anxiety, keeping us from wanting to reach out. Sort of like feeling
thirsty, which tells us we need to drink water, feelings of loneliness
are indications that we, social human beings, are in need of social
contact. To keep these feelings from being overwhelming, a research
team is hedging their bets on a neurosteroid called pregnenolone,
which can help ease the mind's anxiety and over-perception of
potential dangers. The goal isn't to eliminate feelings of loneliness,
but rather to inhibit these feelings from causing harmful effects on the
mind and body. If the pill could successfully reduce the alarm system
in the minds of lonely individuals, then one could have themselves
reconnect, rather than withdraw from others. There are still non-
clinical ways to help fend off loneliness. A text from home, joining a
club or group activity you're fond of, volunteering, even being part of
a religious group can help provide feelings of belonging. A simple
hug is enough to release oxytocin in the brain, which helps alleviate
feelings of loneliness by promoting social behaviours and trust in
humans. But for those whose feelings of loneliness are so
overwhelming as to discourage participation in activities there may be
hope on the horizon. In the meanwhile, give your friends a hug.
Which figure of speech is being used in the sentence given in italics in
the passage?
A. Simile
B. Hyperbole
C. Personification
D. Metaphor
E. Onomatopoeia
17. Of all the emotional states that can affect our physical well-being
though, loneliness is one of the least understood and least clinically
recognized. But being lonely can have lasting impacts on our bodies.
Name a condition and it seems like Western medicine has a pill one
can take to prevent it. Heart problems, muscle aches, stomach
conditions, even anxiety and depression are treatable with the pop of a
carefully planned pill. Now scientists are even working on a pill to
help combat loneliness. Loneliness is what occurs when chemical
signals that encourage us to reach out to other people, but our hyper-
vigilant minds instead perceive social dangers, much like social
anxiety, keeping us from wanting to reach out. Sort of like feeling
thirsty, which tells us we need to drink water, feelings of loneliness
are indications that we, social human beings, are in need of social
contact. To keep these feelings from being overwhelming, a research
team is hedging their bets on a neurosteroid called pregnenolone,
which can help ease the mind's anxiety and over-perception of
potential dangers. The goal isn't to eliminate feelings of loneliness,
but rather to inhibit these feelings from causing harmful effects on the
mind and body. If the pill could successfully reduce the alarm system
in the minds of lonely individuals, then one could have themselves
reconnect, rather than withdraw from others. There are still non-
clinical ways to help fend off loneliness. A text from home, joining a
club or group activity you're fond of, volunteering, even being part of
a religious group can help provide feelings of belonging. A simple
hug is enough to release oxytocin in the brain, which helps alleviate
feelings of loneliness by promoting social behaviours and trust in
humans. But for those whose feelings of loneliness are so
overwhelming as to discourage participation in activities there may be
hope on the horizon. In the meanwhile, give your friends a hug.

How being lonely impacts our bodies?

A) It can cause stomach conditions, anxiety and muscle aches.
B) It releases chemical signals that encourage us to reach out to other
people.
C) It can cause heart problems.
D. Both a) and c) E) None of the above.
18) Of all the emotional states that can affect our physical well-being
though, loneliness is one of the least understood and least clinically
recognized. But being lonely can have lasting impacts on our bodies.
Name a condition and it seems like Western medicine has a pill one
can take to prevent it. Heart problems, muscle aches, stomach
conditions, even anxiety and depression are treatable with the pop of a
carefully planned pill. Now scientists are even working on a pill to
help combat loneliness. Loneliness is what occurs when chemical
signals that encourage us to reach out to other people, but our hyper-
vigilant minds instead perceive social dangers, much like social
anxiety, keeping us from wanting to reach out. Sort of like feeling
thirsty, which tells us we need to drink water, feelings of loneliness
are indications that we, social human beings, are in need of social
contact. To keep these feelings from being overwhelming, a research
team is hedging their bets on a neurosteroid called pregnenolone,
which can help ease the mind's anxiety and over-perception of
potential dangers. The goal isn't to eliminate feelings of loneliness,
but rather to inhibit these feelings from causing harmful effects on the
mind and body. If the pill could successfully reduce the alarm system
in the minds of lonely individuals, then one could have themselves
reconnect, rather than withdraw from others. There are still non-
clinical ways to help fend off loneliness. A text from home, joining a
club or group activity you're fond of, volunteering, even being part of
a religious group can help provide feelings of belonging. A simple
hug is enough to release oxytocin in the brain, which helps alleviate
feelings of loneliness by promoting social behaviours and trust in
humans. But for those whose feelings of loneliness are so
overwhelming as to discourage participation in activities there may be
hope on the horizon. In the meanwhile, give your friends a hug.
Which alarm system is the author talking about in the passage?
A) Feelings that are responsible for mind's vigilance.
B) Activeness that comes due to release of oxytocin the brain.
C) Mind's anxiety and over-perception of potential dangers.
D) The pills that let ease the harmful effects of loneliness.
E) None of the above.

19. Of all the emotional states that can affect our physical well-being
though, loneliness is one of the least understood and least clinically
recognized. But being lonely can have lasting impacts on our bodies.
Name a condition and it seems like Western medicine has a pill one
can take to prevent it. Heart problems, muscle aches, stomach
conditions, even anxiety and depression are treatable with the pop of a
carefully planned pill. Now scientists are even working on a pill to
help combat loneliness Loneliness is what occurs when chemical
signals that encourage us to reach out to other people, but our hyper-
vigant minds instead perceive social dangers, much like social
anxiety, keeping us from wanting to reach out. Sort of like feeling
thirsty which tells us we need to drink water, feelings of loneliness are
indications that we, social human beings, are in need of social contact
To keep these feelings from being overwhelming a research team is
hedging their bets on a neurosteroid called pregnenolone, which can
help ease the mind's anxiety and over-perception of potential dangers.
The goal isn't to eliminate feelings of loneliness, but rather to inhibit
these feelings from causing harmful effects on the mind and body. If
the pill could successfully reduce the alarm system in the minds of
lonely individuals, then one could have themselves reconnect, rather
than withdraw from others. There are still non- clinical ways to help
fend off loneliness. A text from home, joining a club or group activity
you're fond of, volunteering, even being part of a religious group can
help provide feelings of belonging. A simple hug is enough to release
oxytocin in the brain, which helps alleviate feelings of loneliness by
promoting social behaviours and trust in humans. But for those whose
feelings of loneliness are so overwhelming as to discourage
participation in activities there may be hope on the horizon In the
meanwhile, give your friends a hug
How can one help pre-empt loneliness in non-clinical ways?
A) By discouraging one's partic
B) By making simple efforts the hugging anely person that can help
ease axytocin in brain, which in tum atenue fings of loneliness
C) By taking a neurosteriod that eases the harmful effects of ones
D) Both options b) and c)
E) None of these

20. Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions
that follow
Paragraph 1: How often do you share a meal with your colleagues in
office, partaking of the same dishes, at the same table? Recent
research suggests that sharing meals, family- style, can help
collaboration and negotiation outcomes in office environments. An
insightful research study published in Psychological Science,
authored by professors Ayelet Fishbach and Kaitlin Woolley,
highlights how the way a meal is served and shared in such settings
boost cooperation. Because sharing a meal involves close
coordination at the table, it is likely to trigger greater coordination in
subsequent work-related discussions too.
Paragraph 2: In India, we are accustomed to sharing meals at home,
this is our tradition. Plated meals, in individual servings that follow
each other, are not our style. Eating a meal together is also a great
occasion for free- flowing family conversation, and, in today's hectic
times, perhaps the only formal opportunity to do so every day. No
wonder the adage, the family who eats together stays together. Can
such dining wisdom apply to our modern offices as well?
Paragraph 3:I submit that eating together in offices has multiple
benefits, and hence this is an activity well worth the pursuit. Here are
some ways social workplace dining can help us. Most of us toll away
at our workstations, staring at our computer screens or engaging in
conference calls on our phones, for a good part of the day. In the
midst of such extended and intense individual effort, joining your
teammates and members of other teams who work in the same office
for a shared lunch is a refreshing break. This involves a welcome
change in location, light conversation, getting to know some of the
interesting stuff that other teams are working on, and, hopefully. lots
of laughter too. So, it becomes a break that we look forward to every
day. And then we return to our work totally refreshed.
Paragraph 4: On the other hand, if you choose to eat your lunch alone
at your work desk (which, unfortunately, is what many of us do). you
have denied yourself this wonderful social break. The team that eats
together, works together more closely. Food and drink generally relax
us, so when we meet over food, we meet in a positive environment
that encourages informal and free-flowing conversation. That's why
we often choose to meet someone over a cup of coffee or invite a
colleague to lunch.
Which of the following can be inferred from the given passage?
I. Sharing meals at home is a tradition in India.
II. Free-flowing family conversation happen the best over a meal with
family.
II. Eating together in offices has disadvantages too.
A) I and II only
B) II and III only
C) III only
D) I and II only
E) None of above

21. Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions
that follow.
Paragraph 1: How often do you share a meal with your colleagues in
office, partaking of the same dishes, at the same table? Recent
research suggests that sharing meals, family- style, can help
collaboration and negotiation outcomes in office environments. An
Insightful research study published in Psychological Science,
authored by professors Ayelet Fishbach and Kaitlin Woolley,
highlights how the way a meal is served and shared in such settings
boost cooperation. Because sharing a meal involves close
coordination at the table, it is likely to trigger greater coordination in
subsequent work-related discussions too.
Paragraph 2: In India, we are accustomed to sharing meals at home;
this is our tradition. Plated meals, in individual servings that follow
each other, are not our style. Eating a meal together is also a great
occasion for free- flowing family conversation, and, in today's hectic
times, perhaps the only formal opportunity to do so every day. No
wonder the adage, the family who eats together stays together. Can
such dining wisdom apply to our modern offices as well?
Paragraph 3:I submit that eating together in offices has multiple
benefits, and hence this is an activity well worth the pursuit. Here are
some ways social workplace dining can help us. Most of us toll away
at our workstations, staring at our computer screens or engaging in
conference calls on our phones, for a good part of the day. In the
midst of such extended and intense individual effort, joining your
teammates and members of other teams who work in the same office
for a shared lunch is a refreshing break. This involves a welcome
change in location, light conversation, getting to know some of the
interesting stuff that other teams are working on, and, hopefully, lots
of laughter too. So, it becomes a break that we look forward to every
day. And then we return to our work totally refreshed.
Paragraph 4: On the other hand, if you choose to eat your lunch alone
at your work desk (which, unfortunately, is what many of us do). you
have denied yourself this wonderful social break. The team that eats
together, works together more closely. Food and drink generally relax
us, so when we meet over food, we meet in a positive environment
that encourages informal and free-flowing conversation. That's why
we often choose to meet someone over a cup of coffee or invite a
colleague to lunch.
What is the overall theme of the passage?
A) Different lunch options for a typical workplace
B) Why do we feel refreshed after a wholesome meal
C) Social workplace and its relevance in contemporary world
D) Why sharing lunch can build stronger teams
E) Food and workplace

22. Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions
that follow
Paragraph 1: How often do you share a meal with your colleagues in
office, partaking of the same dishes, at the same table? Recent
research suggests that sharing meals, family- style, can help
collaboration and negotiation outcomes in office environments. An
insightful research study published in Psychological Science,
authored by professors Ayelet Fishbach and Kaitlin Woolley,
highlights how the way a meal is served and shared in such settings
boost cooperation. Because sharing a meal involves close
coordination at the table, it is likely to trigger greater coordination in
subsequent work-related discussions too.
Paragraph 2: In India, we are accustomed to sharing meals at home;
this is our tradition. Plated meals, in individual servings that follow
each other, are not our style. Eating a meal together is also a great
occasion for free- flowing family conversation, and, in today's hectic
times, perhaps the only formal opportunity to do so every day. No
wonder the adage, the family who eats together stays together. Can
such dining wisdom apply to our modern offices as well?
Paragraph 3:I submit that eating together in offices has multiple
benefits, and hence this is an activity well worth the pursuit. Here are
some ways social workplace dining can help us. Most of us toll away
at our workstations, staring at our computer screens or engaging in
conference calls on our phones, for a good part of the day. In the
midst of such extended and intense individual effort, joining your
teammates and members of other teams who work in the same office
for a shared lunch is a refreshing break. This involves a welcome
change in location, light conversation, getting to know some of the
interesting stuff that other teams are working on, and, hopefully. lots
of laughter too. So, it becomes a break that we look forward to every
day. And then we return to our work totally refreshed.
Paragraph 4: On the other hand, if you choose to eat your lunch alone
at your work desk (which, unfortunately, is what many of us do). You
have denied yourself this wonderful social break. The team that eats
together works together more closely. Food and drink generally relax
us, so when we meet over food, we meet in a positive environment
that encourages informal and free-flowing conversation. That's why
we often choose to meet someone over a cup of coffee or invite at
colleague to lunch.
According to the passage, how sharing meals has a cascading effect in
work-related discussion?
A) Having common interest and taste in food encourages better
coordination among members of a team.
B) Sharing meal's recipe leads to inclusiveness among teams at
workplace.
C) Close coordination at meal table triggers greater coordination in
work-related discussion
D) Family-style meal encompasses all essential nutrients required for
better coordination.
E) All of the above

23. Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions
that follow
Paragraph 1: How often do you share a meal with your colleagues in
office, partaking of the same dishes, at the same table? Recent
research suggests that sharing meals, family- style, can help
collaboration and negotiation outcomes in office environments. An
insightful research study published in Psychological Science,
authored by professors Ayelet Fishbach and Kaitin Woolley,
highlights how the way a meal is served and shared in such settings
boost cooperation. Because sharing a meal involves close
coordination at the table, it is likely to trigger greater coordination in
subsequent work-related discussions too.
Paragraph 2: In India, we are accustomed to sharing meals at home,
this is our tradition. Plated meals, in individual servings that follow
each other, are not our style. Eating a meal together is also a great
occasion for free- flowing family conversation, and, in today's hectic
times, perhaps the only formal opportunity to do so every day. No
wonder the adage, the family who eats together stays together. Can
such dining wisdom apply to our modem offices as well?
Paragraph 3: I submit that eating together in offices has multiple
benefits, and hence this is an activity well worth the pursuit. Here are
some ways social workplace dining can help us. Most of us toll away
at our workstations, staring at our computer screens or engaging in
conference calls on our phones, for a good part of the day. In the
midst of such extended and intense individual effort, joining your
teammates and members of other teams who work in the same office
for a shared lunch is a refreshing break. This involves a welcome
change in location, light conversation, getting to know some of the
interesting stuff that other teams are working on, and, hopefully. lots
of laughter too. So, it becomes a break that we look forward to every
day. And then we return to our work totally refreshed.
Paragraph 4: On the other hand, if you choose to eat your lunch alone
at your work desk (which, unfortunately, is what many of us do). You
have denied yourself this wonderful social break. The team that eats
together works together more closely. Food and drink generally relax
us, so when we meet over food, we meet in a positive environment
that encourages informal and free-flowing conversation. That's why
we often choose to meet someone over a cup of coffee or invite a
colleague to lunch.
Which of the following is/are not TRUE, as per the passage?
I. Most of us do not stare at our computer screens at our work
stations.
II. We get to know interesting stuff that other teams are working
during a shared lunch break.
III. Eating lunch alone at your desk has its advantages too

A) I and II only
B ) II and III only
C) II only
D) I and II
E) All of the above

24. Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions
as directed.
Starting up into the world of business travel many years ago, I did not
imagine how important it was to pick the right aircraft to be able to
get the most amount of work done and to arrive well-rested at my
destination. From thereon, I've made the passenger experience the
centrepiece of my air travel, business or pleasure. And while it may
sound a bit nerdy, apart from the airline, the aircraft you fly plays a
big part in how well-rested you arrive. This tiny little piece of
information, which is (A) _____ignored, makes a great difference in
your flight experience. If you are flying to the East, then, Singapore
Airlines (SIA) becomes a great choice. The airline makes it a point
to_______(B) its latest aircraft to India. It was the first to fly the
Airbus A380 to India and just last month, it switched Delhi-
Singapore to the Boeing 787-10 Dreamliner, the latest member of its
fleet. SIA also plans to move to the 787-10 from other Indian airports
such as Ahmedabad and Chennai when it receives more of these
planes. (C)The cabin humidity in the new-generation aircraft such as
the 787 makes sure you don't feel dehydrated at 35,000 feet. (D) The
air flowing In the cabin is not circulated via the engines, but ploughed
in from the atmosphere, making you feel fresher. The 30% larger
windows on the 787 make sure more natural light comes into the
aircraft, making it easier for your body to cope with jet lag. SIA is the
only airline to fly the 787-10 right now, but many other airlines fly
variants of the 787 to India. Air India has 27 of the 787-8 aircraft,
while British Airways flies its 787s to Chennai and Hyderabad.
Vistara has six 787-9 on order, to start serving its long-haul
destinations from 2020. One of the other aircrafts I love to fly is the
Airbus A380. (E)The double-decker aircraft gives (1)ample space to
the airlines to (2)ease in a passenger experience that (3)makes the
business traveller feel at (4) invest during the flight. Qatar Airways
and Emirates, for instance, have invested in an on-board lounge and
bar for their premium-cabin customers on the A380. Etihad Airways
created the First Apartments, which is a 6'10" bed-plus a separate
armchair on board the A380. (F)You can walk into a shower at 35,000
feet, arriving refreshed on the other end.
Which of the following would grammatically and contextually fit in
the blank (A)?
A) Seldom
B) Usually
C) Rare
D) Intention
E) None of the above

25. Which of the following connector(s) would join the sentences C

and D keeping them grammatically and contextually correct and the
meaning intact?
1. Also
II. Moreover
III. In addition to that
A) I and II only
B) II and III only
C) I and II only
D) II only
E) All of the above

26. The sentence given in (E) has four words given in bold. Amongst
the given bold words which of the following must replace each other
to make the sentence contextually correct and meaningful
A) 1-4
B) 1-3
C) 2-4
D) 1-2
E) 3-4

27. Which of the following convey the same meaning as that of

sentence (F) and is/are correct grammatically and contextually?
1. You have to walk into a shower at 35,000 feet, in order to arrive
refreshed on the other end.
II. Arrive refreshed on the other end by walking into a shower at
35,000 feet.
III Walking into a shower at 35,000 feet will make you feel refreshed.
A) I and Ill only
B) II only
C) I and II only
D) II and III only
E) None of the above

28. Which of the following word given in the options should come at
the place marked as (B) in the above paragraph to make it
grammatically correct and meaningful. Also, the word should fill in
the two sentences given below to make them contextually correct and
meaningful.
(i) Two helicopters carrying cameras will overhead looking down
over the stadium and Cardiff city.
(ii) In addition, the newer aircraft can higher and have a greater range
than the older planes.
A. purchase
B. fly
C. design
D. develop

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the

questions that follow.
Often when the topic of glaciers and climate change is discussed,
focus shifts to those in Greenland and Antarctica. But there are
glaciers elsewhere too, such as in the Himalayas, which play a vital
part in supplying water to people who live downstream. Now, our
research has found that these glaciers may react more sensitively to
predicted future climate change than previously thought, which could
lead to them melting at a faster rate. In 2017 and 2018, our Ever Drill
research team travelled to Nepal, to measure ice temperatures (using a
converted pressure washer) on the Khumbu Glacier. We spent two
field seasons (six to eight weeks each) drilling boreholes. Once the
boreholes were drilled, we measured ice temperatures by installing
strings of pre-built thermistor sensors linked to data-loggers located at
the surface. We left them for six months and collected the data on a
return trip in November 2017. The main finding from this research
was that the ice was warmer than we expected, with the coldest ice
measuring- 3.3°C. As the ice is formed on the flanks of Mount
Everest, where the mean annual air temperature is -13°C at 7,000
metres elevation, we had expected the ice to be at this temperature.
Why does it matter that we found warmer ice temperatures than we
expected? In short, this means that Khumbu will respond more
sensitively to any future additional heat inputs, such as warming air
temperatures.
29. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A) The temperatures measured on Khumbu are representative of all
glaciers in the area.
B) Khumbu and many other Himalayan glaciers are debris-covered
glaciers.
C) Glaciers are important for supplying water to people.
D) All the glaciers in the world will be affected negatively by climate
change.
E) None of the above

30. Which of the following statements is/are true according to the

context of the passage?
I. The scientist left the place and came back after 6 months to collect
the data because of the bad weather and heavy snowfall.
II. There is plenty of ice left in Khumbu to supply water to people for
the next few decades.
III. Whenever the topic of glaciers and climate change is discussed,
most people think of Greenland and Antarctica.

A. Only II
B. Both II and III
C. Both I and II
D. Both I and III
E. None of the above

31. What was the name of the research team, according to the
passage?
A. Greenland Research
B. Evergreen Drill
C. Khumbu Drill
D. Glacier Drill
E. None of the above

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that
follow.
Malaria has been a terrible disease throughout human history. Deaths
actually peaked over five million in the 1930s and it spread all over
the world. Following a first global eradication programme launched
by the World Health Organization (WHO) with massive spraying
campaigns using the dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)
insecticide, Europe was declared malaria free in 1975. Today, we face
a very different scenario. There has been a major reduction in the
malaria burden, from millions to about half a million deaths a year in
2018. Even so, malaria is still one of the three leading causes of death
in developing countries. And it's estimated that 40% of the world's
population (more than 200,000) is at risk. In addition, two thirds of
malaria deaths are children under the age of five. Africa is home to
70% of the world's malaria cases and 90% of deaths. What we've
learnt from Africa is that malaria and poverty are intimately
connected. The lack of basic sanitary services and hygiene, limited
access to drinking water and electricity, and poor economic resources,
limit drug and vaccine administration campaigns and mosquito
control interventions. We should think about something as simple as
the logistics required for delivering a vaccine that must be kept at 4°C
when the outside ambient temperature is 40 °C. Or buy antimalarial
medications and mosquito nets when your income is less than one
euro a day. The second major problem is education. Illiteracy rates in
Africa are very high and religious and cultural beliefs about diseases
and death are deeply rooted. The overall knowledge of malaria
prevention practices among a large portion of women in both urban
and rural settings is generally low. Therefore, the effectiveness of new
anti-malaria strategies is strongly compromised if local communities
aren't educated about prevention and treatment.
32. What is/are the problem(s) faced by African countries which
do/does not allow for malaria eradication programmes to be
successful?
A. technical resources
B. Access to drinking water and electricity
C. Lack of sanitary services and hygiene
D. Inadequate antimalarial medication
E. Sufficient knowledge about malaria prevention

33. Which of the following is/are not TRUE, as per the passage?
I. Malaria is one of the three leading causes of death in developing
countries.
II. 50% of the world's population is at risk of malaria.
III. Africa is home to 70% of the world's malaria cases and 95% of
deaths.
A. I and III only
B. II and III only
C.I and II only
D.I only
E. I only

34. According to the passage, when was Europe declared malaria

free?
A. 1975
B. 1930
C. 2018
D.1958
E. Not mentioned in the passage

35. In the following question, a situation is described and followed

by a list of words. Identify the correct word which can be used to
describe the situation/passage or a part of the passage and mark the
answer accordingly.
Opera refers to a dramatic art form, originating. in Europe, in which
the emotional content is conveyed to the audience as much through
music, both vocal and instrumental, as it is through the lyrics. By
contrast, in musical theatre, an actor's dramatic performance is
primary, and the music plays a lesser role. The drama in opera is
presented using the primary elements of theatre such as scenery,
costumes, and acting. However, the words of the opera, or libretto, are
sung rather than spoken. The singers are accompanied by a musical
ensemble ranging from a small instrumental ensemble to a full
symphonic orchestra.
A. Descriptive
B. Depressing
C. Docile
D. Diplomatic
E. Disparaging

36. In each of the following questions, three sentences are given,

revolving around the same or different theme or idea. Find out which
of the sentences are grammatically and meaningfully incorrect and
mark the answer accordingly.
I. Changes in disturbance regimes due to climate change are
increasingly challenging the capacity of ecosystems to absorb
recurrent shocks and reassemble afterwards, escalating the risk of
widespread ecological collapse of current ecosystems
II. The speakers' program is designed to greatly contribute to
educational and profession development.
III. With bold proposals like a significant increase in public
expenditure on education and delegation of 'autonomy', the draft looks
promisingly but also glosses over several pressing issues.
A. Only I
B. Both II & III
C. Only II
D. Only III
E. None of the above

37. In each of the following questions, three sentences are given,

revolving around the same or different theme or idea. Find out which
of the sentences are grammatically and meaningfully incorrect and
mark the answer accordingly.
I. Taking the time for passion projects have proved invaluable for me
in stimulating my motivation, curiosity and creativity, and is
something I would like to keep for the rest of my career.
II. The amount and quality of what you achieve are crucially
dependent on how effectively you manage your time.
III. It can be argued that academia is especially accommodating for
curiosity-led work, but it is also filled with a heavy workload of less
creative tasks: writing papers and grant applications, teaching classes,
and administrative duties.
A. Both I & III
B. Only II
C. Both II & III
D. Only I
E. None are incorrect

38. A sentence is given, divided in 4 parts, denoted by (A), (B), (C),

(D). There can be a grammatical error in any of the parts, which
makes the sentence either grammatically or contextually incorrect.
Error, if any in (A), (B), (C), (D) will only be in two parts and the
combination of those parts will be the answer to that question. Mark
the answer accordingly.
(A) That sports are gaining through popularity all over the world (B)
was evidenced by the sports news in the papers, by the (C) many
sports equipment stores, and by the number (D) of runners who
participate in marathons or other races.
A. AB
B. CD
C.AC
D.BD
E. BC

39. (A) To draw out the colour and ensuring that it is evenly (B)
distribution throughout the dish it is to be added to, (C) steep saffron
threads in a little warm water, stock, (D) milk or white wine for about
30 minutes before using.
A. AB
B. BC
C. CD
D. AD
E. All are incorrect
40. (A) If there is an earthquake, it is a good (B) idea to take cover in
a heavy object, such as (C) a desk or a table because if there's nothing
to use as (D) cover, drop down and cover your head with your hands.
A. AB
B. CD
C. BD
D. AD
E. BC