NAME : VIPIN RANA SECTION : G1
ROLL NO. : 2321982(72) COURSE : BCA IV
Statement 6. Demonstrate how to configure static routing on a network.
Step-by-Step Configuration :
Step 1: Device Setup
Place 2 Routers (R1 & R2), 2 Switches (S1 & S2), and 4 PCs (PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4) in Cisco
Packet Tracer.
Connect:
PC1 & PC2 to Switch 1 (S1).
PC3 & PC4 to Switch 2 (S2).
Switch 1 (S1) to Router 1 (R1) (Fa0/0).
Switch 2 (S2) to Router 2 (R2) (Fa0/0).
Router 1 (R1) (Fa0/1) to Router 2 (R2) (Fa0/1) (Cross-over cable if Ethernet).
Step 2: Assign IP Addresses
PCs Configuration
Assign static IP addresses to the PCs:
Network 1 (192.168.1.0/24)
PC1: 192.168.1.2 | Subnet: 255.255.255.0 | Gateway: 192.168.1.1
PC2: 192.168.1.3 | Subnet: 255.255.255.0 | Gateway: 192.168.1.1
Network 2 (192.168.2.0/24)
PC3: 192.168.2.2 | Subnet: 255.255.255.0 | Gateway: 192.168.2.1
PC4: 192.168.2.3 | Subnet: 255.255.255.0 | Gateway: 192.168.2.1
Step 3: Configure Static Routing
On Router 1 (R1), add a route to Network 2 (192.168.2.0/24) via Router 2: Router1(config)#
ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
On Router 2 (R2), add a route to Network 1 (192.168.1.0/24) via Router 1: Router2(config)#
ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1
Step 4: Test Connectivity
1. On PC1, open the Command Prompt and ping PC3: ping 192.168.2.2
2. If successful, you should receive reply messages from PC3.
3. Repeat the ping test from PC3 to PC1 to verify two-way communication.
NAME : VIPIN RANA SECTION : G1
ROLL NO. : 2321982(72) COURSE : BCA IV
OUTPUT
Statement 5. Demonstrate the use of switch using simple topology.
Switch :
A Switch is a network device that connects multiple computers (PCs) within a Local Area
Network (LAN) and efficiently forwards data only to the intended recipient using MAC
addresses.
Key Features of a Switch:
NAME : VIPIN RANA SECTION : G1
ROLL NO. : 2321982(72) COURSE : BCA IV
Avoids Data Collisions (Unlike a Hub, which broadcasts to all).
Faster Communication by forwarding data directly to the correct device.
Improves Network Efficiency by reducing unnecessary traffic.
Steps to Configure the Network
Step 1: Device Setup
Open Cisco Packet Tracer (or any network simulation tool).
Drag and drop:
1 Switch
4 PCs
Use straight-through cables to connect each PC to the switch.
Step 2: Assign IP Addresses
Each PC needs a unique IP address in the same network.
On PC1:
Open PC1 → Desktop → IP Configuration.
Assign IP Address: 192.168.1.2
Assign Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
On PC2:
Open PC2 → Desktop → IP Configuration.
Assign IP Address: 192.168.1.3
Assign Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
On PC3:
Open PC3 → Desktop → IP Configuration.
Assign IP Address: 192.168.1.4
Assign Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
On PC4:
Open PC4 → Desktop → IP Configuration.
Assign IP Address: 192.168.1.5
Assign Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Step 3: Test Network Connectivity
Open PC1 → Command Prompt.
Ping PC2 using : ping 192.168.1.3
Repeat the ping command for other PCs:
If all ping requests are successful, the switch is working correctly.
OUTPUT
NAME : VIPIN RANA SECTION : G1
ROLL NO. : 2321982(72) COURSE : BCA IV
NAME : VIPIN RANA SECTION : G1
ROLL NO. : 2321982(72) COURSE : BCA IV
Statement 1. Demonstrate network commands in command prompt like
ping, traceroute, IP config, IP config all, nslook up.
Network Commands :
Network commands are command-line tools used to monitor, troubleshoot, and manage
network connections and communication between devices in a computer network. These
commands help check connectivity, diagnose network issues, and retrieve network
configuration details.
Common Network Commands Are :
1. ping
The ping command is used to test the connectivity between two devices by sending ICMP
(Internet Control Message Protocol) echo requests and waiting for responses.
2. tracert (Traceroute)
The tracert command traces the path packets take to reach a destination, showing each
intermediate router (hop) along the way. This helps diagnose network delays and connection
issues.
3. ipconfig
The ipconfig command displays basic network configuration details, including IP address,
subnet mask, and default gateway for network adapters.
4. ipconfig /all
The ipconfig /all command provides a detailed view of all network adapters, including DHCP
status, MAC addresses, DNS settings, and more.
5. nslookup
The nslookup (Name Server Lookup) command is used to query the Domain Name System
(DNS) to obtain domain name or IP address information. It helps diagnose DNS-related
issues.
NAME : VIPIN RANA SECTION : G1
ROLL NO. : 2321982(72) COURSE : BCA IV
Statement 2. Demonstrate the use of hub using simple topology.
HUB :
A hub is a basic networking device that allows multiple computers and devices to connect in
a network. It operates at Layer 1 (Physical Layer) of the OSI model and is used for data
transmission between connected devices. The hub does not filter or process the data—it
simply forwards incoming data to all connected devices.
Steps to Connect PCs with a Hub in Cisco Packet Tracer
Step 1: Open Cisco Packet Tracer
Step 2: Add Network Devices
Drag and drop a hub into the workspace:
Go to Network Devices → Select Hubs → Choose Generic Hub and place it in the
workspace.
Add four PCs:
Go to End Devices → Select PC-0, PC-1, PC-2, PC-3 → Drag them into the workspace.
Step 3: Connect PCs to the Hub
Use Copper Straight-Through Cables to connect each PC to the hub:
Click on Connections.
Select Copper Straight-Through Cable.
Click PC-0 → Choose FastEthernet0.
Click Hub → Choose Port 0.
Repeat for PC-1, PC-2, and PC-3, using different hub ports.
Step 4: Assign IP Addresses to PCs
Click on PC-0 → Go to Desktop → Open IP Configuration.
Select Static and assign an IP address:
PC-0: 192.168.1.1 / Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
PC-1: 192.168.1.2 / Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
PC-2: 192.168.1.3 / Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
PC-3: 192.168.1.4 / Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Close the IP Configuration window.
Step 5: Test Network Connectivity
Open PC-0 → Go to Command Prompt → Type: ping 192.168.1.2
NAME : VIPIN RANA SECTION : G1
ROLL NO. : 2321982(72) COURSE : BCA IV
Statement 3. Demonstrate the use of router using simple topology.
Router :
A router is a networking device that connects multiple networks and forwards data packets
between them based on IP addresses. It operates at Layer 3 (Network Layer) of the OSI
model and enables communication between different networks or subnets.
Steps to Connect Two LANs Through a Router
Step 1: Open Cisco Packet Tracer
Step 2: Add Network Devices
Router:
Go to Network Devices → Select Routers → Drag Router-PT into the workspace.
Two Switches: Go to Network Devices → Select Switches → Choose Switch-PT and place
two in the workspace.
Two PCs: Go to End Devices → Select PC-0 and PC-1 → Drag them into the workspace.
Step 3: Connect the Devices
Use Copper Straight-Through Cables to connect:
PC-0 → Switch-1 (FastEthernet0)
PC-1 → Switch-2 (FastEthernet0)
Switch-1 → Router (GigabitEthernet0/0)
Switch-2 → Router (GigabitEthernet0/1)
Step 4: Assign IP Addresses
Configure PC-0 (LAN 1)
Click PC-0 → Go to Desktop → Open IP Configuration
Assign:
IP Address: 192.168.1.2
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway: 192.168.1.1 (Router's Interface for LAN 1) Configure PC-1 (LAN 2)
Click PC-1 → Go to Desktop → Open IP Configuration
Assign:
IP Address: 192.168.2.2
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway: 192.168.2.1 (Router's Interface for LAN 2)
Step 5: Configure the Router
Click on Router-PT → Go to CLI (Command Line Interface)
Assign IP addresses to the router interfaces:
Step 6: Test Network Connectivity
Open PC-0 → Go to Command Prompt
Type the following command:
ping 192.168.2.2
If successful, you should see:
NAME : VIPIN RANA SECTION : G1
ROLL NO. : 2321982(72) COURSE : BCA IV
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Ping from PC-1 to PC-0
Open PC-1 → Go to Command Prompt
ping 192.168.1.2
NAME : VIPIN RANA SECTION : G1
ROLL NO. : 2321982(72) COURSE : BCA IV
Statement 4. Create two different networks using four PC’s, if each
networks send the data from one PC from the first network to the third PC
of the second network.
Router :
Step 1: Open Cisco Packet Tracer
Step 2: Add Network Devices
Router:
Go to Network Devices → Routers → Drag Router-PT into the workspace.
Two Switches:
Go to Network Devices → Switches → Drag Switch-PT (2x) into the workspace.
Four PCs:
Go to End Devices → Drag PC-0, PC-1, PC-2, and PC-3 into the workspace.
Step 3: Connect the Devices
Use Copper Straight-Through Cables to connect:
PC-1 → Switch-1
PC-2 → Switch-1
PC-3 → Switch-2
PC-4 → Switch-2
Switch-1 → Router (GigabitEthernet0/0)
Switch-2 → Router (GigabitEthernet0/1)
Step 4: Assign IP Addresses
Configure Network 1 (PC-1 & PC-2)
Click PC-1 → Go to Desktop → Open IP Configuration
IP Address: 192.168.1.2
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway: 192.168.1.1
Click PC-2 → Go to Desktop → Open IP Configuration
IP Address: 192.168.1.3
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway: 192.168.1.1
Configure Network 2 (PC-3 & PC-4)
Click PC-3 → Go to Desktop → Open IP Configuration
IP Address: 192.168.2.2
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway: 192.168.2.1
Click PC-4 → Go to Desktop → Open IP Configuration
IP Address: 192.168.2.3
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway: 192.168.2.1
NAME : VIPIN RANA SECTION : G1
ROLL NO. : 2321982(72) COURSE : BCA IV
Step 5: Configure the Router
Click Router-PT → Go to CLI (Command Line Interface)
Assign IP addresses to the router interfaces:
Step 6: Test Network Connectivity
Ping from PC-1 to PC-3
Open PC-1 → Go to Command Prompt
Type: ping 192.168.2.2
If successful, you should see: Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Ping from PC-3 to PC-1
Open PC-3 → Go to Command Prompt Type: ping 192.168.1.2
If successful, communication is working correctly between the two networks.
NAME : VIPIN RANA SECTION : G1
ROLL NO. : 2321982(72) COURSE : BCA IV
OUTPUT
NAME : VIPIN RANA SECTION : G1
ROLL NO. : 2321982(72) COURSE : BCA IV
OUTPUT
NAME : VIPIN RANA SECTION : G1
ROLL NO. : 2321982(72) COURSE : BCA IV
OUTPUT
NAME : VIPIN RANA SECTION : G1
ROLL NO. : 2321982(72) COURSE : BCA IV
OUTPUT
