Title: Biological Molecules
LO: To learn about digestive enzymes and how they work
Name the organs involved
in digestion
Write a definition of what
Digestion is the process of breaking large food
digestion is. molecules into
smaller molecules. The products can move through the small
intestine wall and be built into useful compounds in the body.
1. List the elements that make up carbohydrate, protein and fat
molecules.
2. Describe the process of carbohydrate, protein and fat digestion.
3. Explain why the products of digestion move into the blood
LO: To learn about digestive enzymes and how they work
1. List the elements that make up carbohydrate,
protein and fat molecules.
2. Describe the process of carbohydrate, protein
and fat digestion.
3. Explain why the products of digestion move into
the blood
LO: To learn about digestive enzymes and how they work
Chemical Elements
Most of the molecules in living organisms fall into three categories:
• carbohydrates,
• proteins
• lipids
These all contain carbon and so are described as organic molecules
Be specific- what enzyme is involved? What are the reactants and products?
LO: To learn about digestive enzymes and how they work
Carbohydrates
Long chains of simple sugars
Glucose is a simple sugar ( a monosaccharide)
When 2 glucose molecules join together, maltose is formed (a
disaccharide)
When lots of glucose molecules join together
• starch, glycogen or cellulose can form (a
polysaccharide)
Be specific- what enzyme is involved? What are the reactants and products?
LO: To learn about digestive enzymes and how they work
Fats
Most fats (lipids) in the body are made up of triglycerides
Their basic unit is 1 glycerol molecule chemically bonded to 3 fatty
acid chains
The fatty acids vary in size and structure
Lipids are divided into :
• fats (solids at room temperature) and
• oils (liquids at room temperature)
Be specific- what enzyme is involved? What are the reactants and products?
LO: To learn about digestive enzymes and how they work
Proteins
Made up of long chains of amino acids, making a protein.
There are about 20 different amino acids
They all contain the same basic structure, but the ‘R’ group is
different for each one
Every protein has a unique sequence of amino acids joined together
Be specific- what enzyme is involved? What are the reactants and products?
LO: To learn about digestive enzymes and how they work
Add labels to your reactants, enzyme names and products.
Add the location in which each occurs
LO: To learn about digestive enzymes and how they work
Use your diagrams to fill in the table.
Enzyme that Where it
Nutrient Products
breaks it up happens
Protein
Starch
Carbohydrate/
(Carbohydrate)
Starch
Lipids (Fat)
LO: To learn about digestive enzymes and how they work
Use your diagrams to fill in the table.
Enzyme that Where it
Nutrient Products
breaks it up happens
Protein Protease Amino acids Stomach
Starch Mouth,
Carbohydrate/
(Carbohydrate) Carbohydras stomach,
Glucose
Starch e/ Amylase small
intestine
Lipids (Fat)
Glycerol and Small
Lipids (Fat) Lipase
fatty acids intestine
LO: To learn about digestive enzymes and how they work
High concentration means…
In the diagram, there is a high concentration of…
It is in a high concentration in…
Low concentration means…
In the diagram, there is a low concentration of…
It is in a low concentration in…
The implication of this is…
This is linked to diffusion because…
Can you link this to osmosis too?
LO: To learn about digestive enzymes and how they work
Use the diffusion definition to explain why food molecules move.
Food moves from the intestine, into the blood because the food particles
move…
Before After
