Disaster

management and
risk reduction:
philippine laws
 Table of contents
A. RA 10121 Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of
2010

B. RA 10344 Risk Reduction and Preparedness Equipment Protection Act

C. RA 10821 Children’s Emergency Relief and Protection Act

D. Philippine 1. Philippine Clear Air Act (RA 8749)

Environmental Laws 2. Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003 (RA 9211)
3. Toxic substances and the Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes
Control Act of 1990
4. Ecological Solid Wastes Management Act of 2000 (RA
9003)
5. Wildlife Resources and Conservation and Protection Act
National Integrated Protected Area
 Philippine Disaster
Risk Reduction and
Management Act of
A. 2010
Republic Act No. 10121
REPUBLIC ACT No. 10121
An act strengthening the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management System, providing for the national disaster risk reduction and
management framework and institutionalizing the national disaster risk
reduction and management plan, appropriating funds therefore and for
other purposes.
Disasters cause the
destruction of the
community, mass casualties,
and the destruction of
livelihood.
The Philippines is one of the
world's most disaster-prone
nations.
● An improved law relocating the focus of the
Philippines’ disaster management system from
disaster relief and response towards disaster risk
reduction (DRR).

● Repealing P. D. 1566 - THE DISASTER RISK

REDUCTION & MANAGEMENT BILL
The HFA is the international
response
 Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Programs
and Activities
Risk Assessment
It involves the identification, evaluation, and prioritization of potential
risks and hazards that can cause damage, harm or loss to communities,
individuals, and infrastructure

The importance of risk assessment in disaster risk reduction

includes:
● Identification of hazards
● Understanding of vulnerability
● Prioritization of resources
● Planning and decision-making
● Mitigation and prevention
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Programs
and Activities
Methods for conducting risk assessments in disaster risk reduction,
including:
● Hazard Mapping
● Vulnerability Assessments
● Scenario- based assessments
● Historical Analysis
● Multi-Hazard risk assessments
 Disaster risk reduction activities
Integration of Disaster Risk Reduction Education into the School Curricula
and Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) Program and Mandatory Training for the
Public Sector Employees

Early Warning Systems and their Significance

The set of capacities needed to generate and disseminate timely and
meaningful warning information to enable individuals, communities and
organizations threatened by a hazard to prepare and act appropriately
and in sufficient time to reduce the possibility of harm or loss
 Disaster risk reduction activities
A people-centred early warning system necessarily comprises four (4) key
elements:

● Knowledge of the risks

● Monitoring, analysis and forecasting of the hazards
● Communication or dissemination of alerts and warnings
● Local capabilities to respond to the warnings received
 Disaster risk reduction activities
Challenges and opportunities in risk assessment and early warning
system development :

Challenges
● Limitations in capacities and resources
● A small amount of sustained commitment and capacities at all levels
● Lack of communication systems and arrangements for ensuring that
early warnings are acted on successfully.
● One of the four key elements from the early warning systems is
missing
 Disaster risk reduction activities
Challenges and opportunities in risk assessment and early warning
system development :

Opportunities
● Reduces the level of risk, or effects of a disaster.
● Improving human knowledge, skills and collective attributes such as
social relationships, leadership and management before and after the
disaster.
 Disaster risk reduction activities
Preparedness and Response
● Importance of Preparedness
-To effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from, the
Impacts of likely, imminent or current hazard events or conditions.

● Importance of response
-It is to provide emergency services and public assistance during
or immediately after a disaster in order to save lives, reduce health
impacts, ensure public safety and meet the basic subsistence needs of
the people affected.
 Disaster risk reduction activities
Integration of preparedness and response in disaster risk reduction
and management planning

Preparedness involves taking actions to reduce the potential impacts

of disasters, while response involves the actions taken during and
immediately after a disaster to save lives, protect property, and meet basic
needs.
 Disaster risk reduction activities
Here are some ways in which preparedness and response can be
integrated into disaster risk reduction and management planning:
● Risk Assessment
● Planning and training
● Early Warning and communications
● Resource Mobilization
● Continual Improvement
 Risk Reduction and
Preparedness
Equipment
b. Protection Act
Republic Act No. 10344
 Ra 10344: Risk Reduction and Preparedness
Equipment Protection Act

About the act

This act penalizes the House of
Signed into Law
unauthorized taking, Representatives &
stealing, keeping or On December 04, 2012, Senate
tampering of President Benigno S.
government risk Aquino III signed RA ● March 21, 2012-
reduction and 10344 into law Passed by the House
preparedness of Representatives
equipment, accessories ● September 17, 2012-
and similar facilities. Passed by the Senate
 List of Government Risk Reduction and Preparedness
Equipment and Other Vital Facility Items:
DOST, in coordination with PAGASA, PHIVOLCS and NDRRMC, shall
provide a list of all government risk reduction and preparedness equipment,
accessories and other vital facility items such as, but not limited to:
● Radars
● Weather forecasting equipment
● Flood monitoring instruments
● Seismographs
● Tsunami warning systems
● Automated weather systems.
 On June 25, 2013, the DOST in coordination with the NDRRMC
promulgated the Implementing Rules and Regulations of RA 10344
(the “IRR”). Under the IRR, the following are included in the list of
equipment by the DOST which will be regularly updated:

● Weather Radar Surveillance ● Tsunami Monitoring and Warning

System Systems
● Weather Monitoring System ● Landslide Monitoring System
● Flood Monitoring Systems ● Radionuclide Monitoring
● Oceanographic Monitoring Equipment
System ● Hazards and Risk Assessment
● Earthquake Monitoring System Equipment
● Volcano Monitoring System ● Information, Education and
Communication Equipment
Examples of Government Risk Reduction and Preparedness
Equipment and Other Vital Facility Items:
 Prohibited acts
Steal, or take, or possess any Sell or buy stolen equipment
of the equipment, or any part
thereof 01 02 or any part thereof

Tamper, dismantle, or Attempt to commit any of the

disassemble equipment or
any part thereof 03 04 abovementioned prohibited
acts

Benefit from the proceeds or

fruits of any of the
abovementioned prohibited Section 4: prohibited
acts knowing that the 05 acts
proceeds or fruits are
derived from the commission
of said prohibited acts.
 penalties
offense penalty
A. Guilty of stealing or unauthorized taking ● Imprisonment of not less than twelve (12)
or possession without authority or selling or years but not more than fifteen (15) years
buying with intent to gain of any stolen or
government risk reduction and ● Fine of not less than One million pesos
preparedness equipment, accessories and (P1,000,000.00) but not more than Three
million pesos (P3,000,000.00), or
other vital facility items, or parts
● Both

B. Guilty of unauthorized tampering, ● Imprisonment of not less than six (6)

dismantling or disassembling of years but not more than ten (10) years, or
government risk reduction and ● Fine of not less than Five hundred
preparedness equipment, accessories and thousand pesos (P500,000.00) but not
other vital facility items, or parts more than One million pesos
(P1,000.000.00), or
● Both
 penalties
offense penalty
Attempts to commit any of the prohibited ● Imprisonment of not less than six (6)
acts provided in Section 4 years but not more than eight (8) years or
● Fine of not less than Five hundred
thousand pesos (P500,000.00) but not
more than One million pesos
(P1,000,000.00), or
● Both

Guilty of unlawfully benefiting from the ● Imprisonment of not less than two (2)
proceeds or fruits of any of the prohibited years but not more than seven (7) years
acts enumerated in Section 4 or
● Fine of not less than Two hundred
thousand pesos (PP00,000.00) but not
more than Five hundred thousand pesos
(P500,000.00), or
● Both
Any government officer or employee who shall assist in the
commission of any of the prohibited acts enumerated in
Section 4 of this act shall be subjected to:

● Same penalty imposed upon the person who committed

the prohibited act
● Be administratively dismissed from the service and all
their benefits from the government, shall be forfieted
● Be perpetually disqualified from holding any public office

Section 7: Penalty for

Government Employees
 Children’s
Emergency Relief
c. and Protection Act

Republic Act No. 10821

 An Act mandating the provision of
Emergency Relief and Protection for
Children Before, During, and After
Disasters and Other Emergency Situations

RA 10821 or the Children’s Emergency

Relief and Protection Act
 This law is the primary Philippine policy that promotes and
protects children's rights in disaster and emergency
situations

Based on the report provided by the SCP, it highlighted that

sixty (60) percent of the affected population is children

is considered to be the first of its kind in Asia

The IRR outlines the salient features of the law and how they
will be implemented. The following are the salient features of
the law

Rationale
The National Inter-Agency Committee (NIAC) led by DSWD was formed
to formulate the CEPC. The NIAC is composed of government and
child-focused civil society organizations that include:
 Legal Basis

International
Children's Charter for Disaster Risk and Reduction (2011)

National
Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act or RA 10121
(2010)
 PROGRAM FRAMEWORK

Stressed that at the outcome level, the CEPC envisions

that: "All children are protected from violence, abuse,
neglect, and exploitation during disaster events and other
emergency situations."
 - The logic of the framework underlines that to be able to achieve the
outcome, the output should be "the improved access to, and quality of local and
national child protection systems and services." The output is broadly
categorized through the eight (8) components of the CEPC, namely:
 - The logic of the framework underlines that to be able to achieve the
outcome, the output should be "the improved access to, and quality of local and
national child protection systems and services." The output is broadly
categorized through the eight (8) components of the CEPC, namely:
DESCRIPTION AND COVERAGE
 Philippine
d. environmental laws
 01
PHILIPPINE CLEAR
AIR ACT
Republic Act No. 8749
Republic Act No. 8749, is a comprehensive environmental law that
aims to protect and promote the right to health and a balanced
ecosystem by addressing air pollution in the country.

The Act provides for the creation of a national program of air pollution
management focusing primarily on pollution prevention; for the
promotion of mass media communication in order to create social
awareness and active participation in air quality planning and
monitoring.
 Programs under RA 8749
1. Motor vehicle emission management program
2. industrial
3. Roadside ambient and general ambient air
monitoring
Violations and
penalties
 Violation of standards for motor vehicles
● No motor vehicle shall be registered with the DOTC unless it
meets the emission standards set by the Department as
provided in section 21 hereof.
● In addition, the driver and operator of the apprehended
vehicle shall undergo a seminar on pollution control
management conducted by the DOTC and shall also suffer
the following penalties:
• 1st offense – a fine not to exceed 2,000;
• 2nd offense – not less than 2,000 and not exceed 4,000;
and
• 3rd offense – 1 year suspension of the motor vehicle
registration (MVR) and a fine of not less than 4,000 and not more
than 6,000.
Any violation of the provisions of Sec. 21 paragraph
(d) with regard to national inspection and
maintenance program, including technicians and
facility compliance shall penalized with a fine of not
less than Thirty Thousand Pesos (P 30,000.00) or
cancellation of license of both the technician and the
center, or both, as determined by the DTI.
 Fines and penalties for
violation of other provision
acts.
Fine not less than 10,000 but not more than
100,000 or 6 months to 6 years
imprisonment or both shall be imposed.
 Gross Violations
PAB shall recommend to the proper government agencies to
file the appropriate criminal charges against the violators. The
PAB shall assist the public prosecutor in the litigation of the
case. Gross violation shall mean : (a) three (3) or more specific
offenses within a period of one (1) year; (b) three (3) or more
specific offenses with three (3) consecutive years; (c) blatant
disregard of the orders of the PAB, such s but not limited to
the breaking of seal, padlocks and other similar devices, or
operation despite the existence of an order for closure,
discontinuance or cessation of operation; and (d) irreparable
or grave damage to the environment as a consequences of
any violation of the provisions of this Act.
Offenders shall be punished with imprisonment of not less
than six (6) years but not more than ten (10) years at the
discretion of the court. If the offender is a juridical person,
the president, manager, directors, trustees, the pollution
control officer or the officials directly in charge of the
operations shall suffer the penalty herein provided.
 Smoke belching vehicles on the
road
Shall be subjected to emission testing by properly equipped
enforcement teams from the DOTC/LTO or its duly deputized
agents. Violators will be subject to the following fines/penalties;
• 1st offense – 1,000
• 2nd offense – 3,000
• 3rd – 5, 000 plus seminar on pollution management.
 Provides that the state shall:
● Protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced
and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and
harmony of nature;
● Promote and protect the global environment while
recognizing the primary responsibility of local government
units to deal with environmental problems;
● Recognize that the responsibility of cleaning the habitat
and environment is primarily area-based;
● Recognize that “polluters must pay”;
● Recognize that the clean and healthy environment is for the
good of all and should therefore be the concern of all.
WHAT COVERS
R.A. 8749?
 What are covered by the RA 8749

All potential sources of air pollution must comply with the

provisions of the law. All emissions must be within the air quality
standards.
● Mobile sources refer to vehicle like cars, trucks, buses,
jeepneys, tricycles, motorcycles, and vans.
● Point sources refer to stationary sources such as industrial
firms and smokestacks of power plants, hotels, and other
establishments.
● Area sources refer to sources of emission other than the
above. These include smoking, burning of garbage, and dust
from construction, unpaved grounds, etc.
 FUELS
Clean fuels are needed to achieve clean air. The
CAA thus provides for:
● Complete phase out of leaded gasoline
before the end of the year 2000
● Lowering of the sulfur content of industrial
and automotive diesel, respectively, from
0.5% to 0.3% and from 0.2% to 0.05%.
● Lowering aromatics in leaded gasoline
from 45% maximum to 35% maximum;
and lowering of benzene in unleaded
gasoline from 4% maximum to 2%
maximum.
 SMOKING
Banned beginning May 25, 2001, in any of the
following locations:
The LGU are mandated to implement
this provision of the law. Penalty to violation of
this provision is 6 months and 1 day to 1 year
imprisonment, or a fine of 10,000:
● Inside a public building
● Enclosed public places including public
vehicles and other means of transport.
● In any enclosed area outside of one’s
private residence, private place of work.
● Any duly designated area which will be
enclosed.
 What can we do
to help clean the
air?
Managements
For commuters
● Try talking to the jeep/bus/tricycle driver about the high health
risk of poor vehicle maintenance and improper driving practices.
● Patronize mass railway transit.

At home
● Use low watt bulbs or energy saving lights.
● Limit the use of air conditioning units and keep the temperature
a few degrees higher.
● Don’t burn garbage.
● Avoid using aerosols.
● Properly dispose of refrigerant, refrigeration equipment and
used coolant.
For everyone
● Report smoke belchers to LTO, MMDA and/or
appropriate LGU.
● Walk or ride your bike to places.
● Work with residential association to stop burning of
garbage.
● Spread the word about the ban of smoking in public
places.
● PLANT TREES
 02
Tobacco Regulation
Act of 2003
Republic Act No. 9211
RA 9211: Tobacco
Regulation Act

Republic Act No. 9211, also

known as the Tobacco Regulation
Act of 2003, is an omnibus law
regulating smoking in public
places, tobacco advertising,
promotion and sponsorship, and
sales restrictions, among other
requirements.
RA 9211: Tobacco
Regulation Act

Tobacco regulation act is a

state policy that includes
safeguarding the population from
harmful items, advancing the
right to health, and fostering a
culture of wellness. Also, the State
has a policy that upholds the
ideals of the Constitution to
advance the public good and
protect the interests of those
involved in the tobacco sector,
including employees and other
stakeholders.
 Under the Policy
Smoke Free Places Tobacco advertising,
01 02 promotion, and
sponsorship

Tobacco
packing and labeling 03 04 Cigarette contents and
disclosures

Sales Restriction
05 RA 9211
 03
Toxic substances & the
hazardous and nuclear
wastes control act of 1990
Republic Act No. 6969
 About the act
This Act makes provisions in order to regulate, restrict and/or prohibit
the importation, manufacture, processing, sale, distribution, use and
disposal of chemical substances and mixtures presenting risk and/or
injury to human and animal health or to the environment; it provides
for the prohibition of entry and transit of hazardous and nuclear
wastes and their disposal into the Philippines while encouraging
research and studies on toxic chemicals.

The provisions of this Act shall cover the importation, manufacture,

processing, handling, storage, transportation, sale, distribution, use
and disposal of all unregulated chemical substances and
mixtures,including entry ,transit, storage and disposal of hazardous
and nuclear wastes into the country for whatever purpose.
 Objectives
To keep an inventory of To monitor and regulate
chemicals 01 02 chemical substances that
present unreasonable risk

To inform and
educate the populace 03 04 To prevent the entry, even
in transit, as well as the
keeping or storage and
disposal of hazardous and
nuclear wastes

SECTION 4.
OBJECTIVES
Department of Environment and
Natural Resources
Updted inventory of chemicals

Testing of chemicals with

unreasonable risk

Evaluation of tested chemicals

Contracts and grants for research,

development nd monitoring
Department of Environment and
Natural Resources
Conduct inspection of mnufacturing
estblishments and make recommendtions to
proper authority

To confiscate or impound chemicals found not

falling within the standard set

Monitor and prevent the entry, even in transit,

of hazardous and nuclear wastes and their
disposal into the country
 faqs

What chemicals and wastes that are covered by RA

6969?

Chemicals that fall within the scope of RA 6969 include mercury, cyanide,
asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls, arsenic, lead, etc. while wastes include all
hazardous wastes such as infectious wastes/ pathological wastes from
hospitals/ healthcare facilities busted fluorescent lamps, used car batteries,
used oil, etc.
Is there any requirement for hazardous waste
disposal?
Hazardous Wastes disposal should be covered by the
corresponding Permit to Transport and Manifest
 faqs
What are the possible effects to the environment if
hazardous wastes are improperly disposed?
Adverse effects to human health and the environment brought by toxic
chemicals and hazardous wastes include asbestosis, arsenicosis, minamata
disease, chloracne, failure of various internal organs such as liver or kidney
malfunction, effects to the central nervous system, etc. depending on the
exposure.

What are the penalties for violating this

law?
Penalties range from Php10,000.00 to 50,000.00 per violation
pursuant to DAO 92-29 and DAO 2013-22
 04
Ecological solid
wastes management
act of 2000
Republic Act No. 9003
Ecological Solid Wastes Management Act
of 2000 (RA 9003)
● An act providing for an ecological solid waste management program, creating
necessary institutional mechanisms and incentives, declaring certain acts
prohibited and providing penalties, appropriating funds therefor, and for other
purposes.
● Authored by then-Senator Heherson Alvarez and co-authored by several other
legislators, including Senators Loren Legarda and Edgardo Angara, and
Representatives Antonio Cerilles and Eduardo Nonato Joson.
● Passed by the Congress of the Philippines and signed into law by President Joseph
Estrada on January 26, 2001.
● The law aims to promote environmental awareness and responsibility among
individuals, households, businesses, and local government units, with the goal of
reducing waste production, encouraging recycling and composting, and ensuring
the appropriate disposal of residual wastes in sanitary landfills.
 Ecological Solid Wastes Management Act
of 2000 (RA 9003)
● Adopt a systematic, comprehensive and ecological solid waste management
program which shall:
➢ Ensure the protection of public health and environment
➢ Utilize environmentally-sound methods that maximize the utilization of
valuable resources and encourage resource conservation and recovery
➢ Set guidelines and targets for solid waste avoidance and volume
reduction through source reduction and waste minimization measures
➢ Ensure the proper segregation, collection, transport, storage, treatment
and disposal of solid waste through the formulation and adoption of the
best environmental practice in ecological waste management excluding
incineration
 Ecological Solid Wastes Management Act
of 2000 (RA 9003)
● Adopt a systematic, comprehensive and ecological solid waste management
program which shall:
➢ Promote national research and development programs for improved solid
waste management and resource conservation techniques, more effective
institutional arrangement and indigenous and improved methods of waste
reduction, collection, separation and recovery
➢ Encourage greater private sector participation in solid waste management
➢ Retain primary enforcement and responsibility of solid waste management
with local government units while establishing a cooperative effort among
the national government, other local government units, non-government
organizations, and the private sector
Ecological Solid Wastes Management Act
of 2000 (RA 9003)
● Adopt a systematic, comprehensive and ecological solid waste management
program which shall:
➢ Encourage cooperation and self-regulation among waste generators
➢ Institutionalize public participation in the development and
implementation of national and local integrated, comprehensive and
ecological waste management programs
➢ Strengthen the integration of ecological solid waste management and
resource conservation and recovery topics into the academic curricula of
formal and non-formal education
 PENAL PROVISIONS
Section 48. Prohibited Acts. — The following acts are prohibited:
1. Littering, throwing, dumping of waste matters in public places, such as
roads, sidewalks, canals, esteros or parks, and establishment, or causing
or permitting the same.
2. Undertaking activities or operating, collecting or transporting equipment in
violation of sanitation operation and other requirements or permits set
forth in or established pursuant to this Act.
3. The open burning of solid waste.
4. Causing or permitting the collection of non-segregated or unsorted waste.
5. Squatting in open dumps and landfills.
6. Open dumping, burying of biodegradable or non-biodegradable materials
in flood-prone areas.
7. Unauthorized removal of recyclable material intended for collection by
authorized persons.
8. Unauthorized removal of recyclable material intended for collection by
authorized persons.
9. Establishment or operation of open dumps as enjoined in this Act, or
closure of said dumps in violation of Sec. 37.
10. The manufacture, distribution or use of non-environmentally acceptable
packaging materials.
11. Importation of consumer products packaged in non-environmentally
acceptable materials.
12. Importation of toxic wastes misrepresented as “recyclable” or “with
recyclable content”.
13. Transport and dumping in bulk of collected domestic, industrial,
commercial and institutional wastes in areas other than centers or facilities
prescribed under this Act.
14. Site preparation, construction, expansion or operation of waste
management facilities without an Environmental Compliance Certificate
required pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 1586 and this Act and not
conforming with the land use plan of the LGU.
15. The construction of any establishment within two hundred (200) meters
from open dumps or controlled dumps, or sanitary landfills.
16. The construction or operation of landfills or any waste disposal facility on
any aquifer, groundwater reservoir or watershed area and or any portions
thereof.
 Fines and penalties
VIOLATION PENALTY

Violation of Sec. 48, paragraph (1) Fine of not less than Three hundred pesos (P300.00) but
not more than One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) or render
community service for not less than one (1) day to not
more than fifteen (15) days to an LGU where such
prohibited acts are committed, or both.

Violation of Sec. 48, pars. (2) and (3) Fine of not less than Three hundred pesos (P300.00) but
not more than One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) or
imprisonment of not less than one (1) day to not more
than fifteen (15) days, or both.

Violation of Sec. 48, pars. (4), (5), (6), and Fine of not less than One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) but
(7) not more than Three thousand pesos (P3,000.00) or
imprisonment of not less than fifteen (15) days but not
more than six (6) months, or both.
 VIOLATION PENALTY

Violation of Sec. 48, pars. (8), (9), (10) and ● Fine of Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00)
(11) for the first time plus an amount not less than five percent (5%) but
not more than ten percent (10%) of his net annual
income during the previous year.
● Additional penalty of imprisonment of a minimum
period of one (1) year, but not to exceed three (3)
years at the discretion of the court, shall be imposed
for second or subsequent violations of Sec. 48,
paragraphs (9) and (10).

Violation of Sec. 48, pars. (12) and (13) Fine of not less than Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) but
not more than Two hundred thousand pesos
(P200,000.00) or imprisonment of not less than thirty (30)
days but not more than three (3) years, or both.
 VIOLATION PENALTY

Violation of Sec. 48, pars. (14), (15) and ● Fine not less than One hundred thousand pesos
(16) (P100,000.00) but not more than One million pesos
(P1,000,000.00), or imprisonment not less than one
(1) year but not more than six (6) years, or both.
● If the offense is committed by a corporation,
partnership, or other juridical entity duly organized
in accordance with law, the chief executive officer,
president, general manager, managing partner or
such other officer-in-charge shall be liable for the
commission of the offense penalized under this Act.
● If the offender is an alien, he shall, after service of
the sentence prescribed above, be deported without
further administrative proceedings.
DENR STARTS REHAB OF APAGONAN RIVER IN APPARI
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT
CIMATU TO STRENGTHEN DENR FRONTLINES
 05
Wildlife resources and
conservation and
protection act national
integrated areas
 Summary
Wildlife Resources and Conservation and Protection Act or also known
as the R.A No. 9147, provides the conservation, preservation, and
protection of wildlife species and their habitats in order to preserve
ecological balance and diversity in the country; it also provides control
and supervision of wildlife capture, hunting and trade; and lastly, it
provides in supporting and promoting scientific research on the
protection of biodiversity (Food and Agriculture Organization of the
United Nations, 2020).
 What is NIPAS Act?
National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992 or also known as NIPAS (RA No.
7586) is an act that strengthens the protection of natural, biological, physical diversities of the
environment needed for conservation of biodiversity and the integration of ecosystems,
culture, and indigenous practices (Oneplanetnetwork.org, 2021)

What are these

PROTECTED AREAS?
1. Strict Natural Reserve
2. Natural Park
3. Natural Monument
4. Wildlife Sanctuary
5. Protected landscapes and
seascapes
6. Resource Reserve
7. Natural Biotic Areas
Is it allowed to collect wildlife?

Yes, as long as it is authorized and for the sole

purpose of not harming the species in terms of
survival and other subspecies involved and/or
their habitat. As well as indigenous people may
be allowed to collect wildlife as long as it is for
traditional use and not subjected for trading;
however, threatened species are not covered by
this purpose of collection and utilization.
 ● No person or entity is allowed to own wildlife unless that person or
entity is capable or can prove that they have the financial and
technical capability and facility to maintain said wildlife and does not
violate this Act.

● Export and Import of wildlife to other countries are allowed as long as

it is authorized and complied with the provisions of this act and is
financially and technically capable to maintain it.
What if there’s an exotic wildlife imported
to the country, will the country allow it?
No exotic species will be introduced to the country unless
there is a clearance or authorization is obtained. In no case
shall the exotic species be introduced into protected areas
covered by RA No. 7586 and to critical habitats. However, if
the exotic wildlife is allowed to introduced, further research
will be conducted and shall be required to obtain prior
informed consent from the local stakeholders.
 Is it allowed to conduct research to
wildlife species?
Yes, as long as it is for scientific research and not for commercial
purposes. However, activities like genetic engineering pathogenic
organisms in the Philippines as well as activities that requires
importation and introduction to the country, field release and breeding
of organism that are potentially harmful to man and the environment
shall be subjected to further review.
 ILLEGAL ACTS
❏ Killing and Destroying wildlife species

Except for:

○Religious rituals of established tribal groups or cultural

communities
○ If the wildlife has an incurable communicable disease
○ If the wildlife needs to be killed to relieve misery and
suffering
○ Preventing danger to life or limb of a human being
○ After used for an authorized research or experiment.
 ILLEGAL ACTS
❏ Inflicting harm which injures or impairs the wildlife species
❏ Conducting unlawful acts that affects / cause harm to wildlife
and their habitat
❏ Introduction, reintroduction or restocking of wildlife resources
❏ Trading of wildlife
❏ Collecting, hunting or possessing wildlife, their by-products and
derivatives
❏ Gathering or destroying of active nests, nest tress, host plants,
and the like
❏ Transporting of wildlife
 WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF SOMEONE
VIOLATED THIS ACT?
IMPRISONMENT
That will last for 6 years and 1 day to 12 years
depending on what wildlife species were involved or
the degree of damage caused.

CHARGE WITH A FINE

Less than or more than 500,000 pesos to 1 million
pesos depending on what wildlife species were
involved or the degree of damage caused.
 WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT FUND

It is a special account in the National Treasury which finance the

rehabilitation and restoration of habitats affected by illegal acts and it also
support scientific research, enforcement and monitoring activities, as well
as enhancement of capabilities of relevant agencies.
Thanks!