PHILIPPINE BIDDING DOCUMENTS

(As Harmonized with Development Partners)

Rehabilitation and Improvement of

Caridad to Kansi
Farm - to - Market Road
PRDP-SU-IB-R007-CEB-004-TUB-001-2023-FMR

Province of Cebu

Municipality of Tuburan

FIFTH EDITION

April 12, 2025

Subproject Name: Rehabilitation and Improvement of Caridad to Kansi Farm – to - Market Road
Subproject ID No.: PRDP-SU-IB-R007-CEB-004-TUB-001-2023-FMR
Location: Municipality of Tuburan, Cebu
Bidder Name: ______________________________________________________________

BID OPENING CHECKLIST

Envelope 1

ELIGIBILITY DOCUMENTS
a. Registration Certification of the Company (SEC or DTI or CDA)
b. Statement of the bidder’s Single Largest Completed Contract (SLCC) similar to the contract to be bid and
Average Annual Turnover as specified in ITB Clause 5.4 hereof:
Basis of Critical Eligibility and Qualification Criteria:
- At least one (1) work of a nature and complexity equivalent to the Works to be bid generally within the
last ten (10) years with at least 50% of the Estimated Project Cost (EPC) or PhP178,811,000.00
[supported with copy of Contract and Certificate of Completion].
(Similar Contract refers to Construction/Rehabilitation of Concrete Road)
- Average Annual Turnover of Construction Income for the last three (3) years of at least 100% of the
Estimated Project Cost (EPC) or PhP357,622,000.00, as evidenced by the submitted Audited Financial
Statements for the last three (3) years.
c. Audited Financial Statements for the last three (3) years [with supporting Income Tax Return stamped
“received” by BIR or its duly accredited and authorized institutions or eBIR Tax Return Receipt
Confirmation (if submitted through eBIR), and eFPS/validated bank deposit slip payment].
d. In case of Joint Venture, a duly notarized Joint Venture Agreement and a copy of the duly accomplished
application form for Special License of the Joint Venture filed with the PCAB, or a copy of the Special
License of the Joint Venture if already issued.
e. Qualification Information (please follow the link https://bit.ly/SectionIX-BiddingForms for the template).
TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS
f. Bid Security, in a form of Bid Securing Declaration (please follow the link https://bit.ly/SectionIX-
BiddingForms for the template).
g. Project requirements, which shall include the following:
(i) List of Bidder’s personnel:
a. Project Manager (PM) – Licensed Civil Engineer with a minimum of five (5) years of relevant
work experience as Project Manager in road construction;
b. Project Engineer (PE) – Minimum of five (5) years of experience as licensed Civil/Agricultural
Engineer with a minimum of two (2) road construction projects handled as Project Engineer with
a value of at least twenty percent (20%) of the EPC (to be supported with certified true and correct
bio-data indicating the description and cost of the projects handled); and
c. Materials Engineer (ME) – Licensed Civil Engineer duly accredited by DPWH as Materials
Engineer II following DPWH D.O. 98 Series of 2016 (as required under SCC Clause 6.5)], to be
assigned to the contract to be bid, with their complete qualifications and experience data.

(ii) List of Bidder’s major and critical equipment units, which are OWNED and are supported by proof of
ownership, such as, but not limited to, Deed of Sale, Official Receipt, Certificate of Registration, Sales
Invoice, Charge Invoice or Delivery Receipt, which must meet the minimum requirement for the
contract set in the Bid Data Sheet.
Pass (if all the above documents are present);
Fail (if non-historical documents are absent, such as JV Agreement, Bid Securing Declaration, Bid Form and Bill of Quantities)

Notwithstanding the BAC’s declaration of non-responsiveness of the first bid envelope, the financial proposals contained in
the second bid envelopes of all the bidders shall be read. The first and second envelopes shall not be returned to the bidders.
Foreign bidders may submit the equivalent documents, if any, issued by the country of the foreign bidder.

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 Envelope 2

FINANCIAL PROPOSAL
Bid price in approved Bid Form (please follow the link https://bit.ly/SectionIX-BiddingForms for the template) and
Bid prices in the Bill of Quantities (please follow the link https://tinyurl.com/BOQofCaridadKansiFMR for the BOQ).

BID DATA SHEET

Clause 20.3 Each Bidder shall submit one (1) original and four (4) copies of the first and second components of its bid.
An electronic copy of the bid should also be submitted in PDF file format in flash drive. Should there be
discrepancies, the original copy would prevail.

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Subproject Name: Rehabilitation and Improvement of Caridad to Kansi Farm – to - Market Road
Subproject ID No.: PRDP-SU-IB-R007-CEB-004-TUB-001-2023-FMR
Location: Municipality of Tuburan, Cebu
Bidder Name: ______________________________________________________________

BID OPENING CHECKLIST (Joint Venture)

Envelope 1

ELIGIBILITY DOCUMENTS
a. Registration Certification of the Company (SEC or DTI or CDA)
b. Statement of the bidder’s Single Largest Completed Contract (SLCC) similar to the contract to be bid and
Average Annual Turnover as specified in ITB Clause 5.4 hereof (for each partner):
Basis of Critical Eligibility and Qualification Criteria:
- At least one (1) work of a nature and complexity equivalent to the Works to be bid generally within the
last ten (10) years with at least: [supported with copy of Contract and Certificate of Completion]
50% of the Estimated Project Cost (EPC) or PhP178,811,000.00 (for either one of the partners), and
25% of the Estimated Project Cost (EPC) or PhP89,405,500.00 (for the rest of the partners).
(Similar Contract refers to Construction/Rehabilitation of Concrete Road)
- Average Annual Turnover of Construction Income for the last three (3) years of at least:
100% of the Estimated Project Cost (EPC) or PhP357,622,000.00 (for one of the partners), and
50% of the Estimated Project Cost (EPC) or PhP178,811,000.00 (for the rest of the partners),
as evidenced by the submitted Audited Financial Statements for the last 3 years.
c. Audited Financial Statements for the last three (3) years [with supporting Income Tax Return stamped
“received” by BIR or its duly accredited and authorized institutions or eBIR Tax Return Receipt Confirmation
(if submitted through eBIR), and eFPS/validated bank deposit slip payment] (for each partner).
d. In case of Joint Venture, a duly notarized Joint Venture Agreement and a copy of the duly accomplished
application form for Special License of the Joint Venture filed with the PCAB, or a copy of the Special
License of the Joint Venture if already issued.
e. Qualification Information (please follow the link https://bit.ly/SectionIX-BiddingForms for the template).
TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS
f. Bid Security in a form of Bid Securing Declaration (please follow the link https://bit.ly/SectionIX-
BiddingForms for the template) (prescribed template in the name of the Joint Venture)
g. Project requirements, which shall include the following (pooling of resources or combination among
partners):
(i) List of Bidder’s personnel:
d. Project Manager (PM) – Licensed Civil Engineer with a minimum of five (5) years of relevant
work experience as Project Manager in road construction;
e. Project Engineer (PE) – Minimum of five (5) years of experience as licensed Civil/Agricultural
Engineer with a minimum of two (2) road construction projects handled as Project Engineer with a
value of at least twenty percent (20%) of the EPC (to be supported with certified true and correct
bio-data indicating the description and cost of the projects handled); and
a. Materials Engineer (ME) – Licensed Civil Engineer duly accredited by DPWH as Materials
Engineer II following DPWH D.O. 98 Series of 2016 (as required under SCC Clause 6.5)], to be
assigned to the contract to be bid, with their complete qualifications and experience data.
(ii) List of Bidder’s major and critical equipment units, which are OWNED and are supported by proof of
ownership, such as, but not limited to, Deed of Sale, Official Receipt, Certificate of Registration, Sales
Invoice, Charge Invoice or Delivery Receipt, which must meet the minimum requirement for the contract
set in the Bid Data Sheet.
Pass (if all the above documents are present);
Fail (if non-historical documents are absent, such as JV Agreement, Bid Securing Declaration, Bid Form and Bill of Quantities)

Notwithstanding the BAC’s declaration of non-responsiveness of the first bid envelope, the financial proposals contained in
the second bid envelopes of all the bidders shall be read. The first and second envelopes shall not be returned to the bidders.
Foreign bidders may submit the equivalent documents, if any, issued by the country of the foreign bidder

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 Envelope 2

FINANCIAL PROPOSAL
Bid price in approved Bid Form (please follow the link https://bit.ly/SectionIX-BiddingForms for the template) and
Bid prices in the Bill of Quantities (please follow the link https://tinyurl.com/BOQofCaridadKansiFMR for the BOQ).

BID DATA SHEET

Clause 20.3 Each Bidder shall submit one (1) original and four (4) copies of the first and second components of its bid.
An electronic copy of the bid should also be submitted in PDF file format in flash drive. Should there be
discrepancies, the original copy would prevail.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION I. INVITATION TO BID ............................................................................................................ 7

SECTION II. INSTRUCTION TO BIDDERS ............................................................................................... 9
SECTION III. BID DATA SHEET ........................................................................................................... 33
SECTION IV. GENERAL CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT ........................................................................ 40
SECTION V. SPECIAL CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT ............................................................................ 68
SECTION VI. SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................ 74
SECTION VII. DRAWINGS .................................................................................................................. 183
SECTION VIII. BILL OF QUANTITIES ................................................................................................ 184
SECTION IX. BIDDING FORMS .......................................................................................................... 185

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 Section I. Invitation to Bid

Republic of the Philippines

Philippine Rural Development Project Scale-Up
Province of Cebu
Municipality of Tuburan

Invitation to Bid for the

Rehabilitation and Improvement of Caridad to Kansi Farm - to - Market

Road
Identification No.: PRDP-SU-IB-R007-CEB-004-TUB-001-2023-FMR
Loan No. 9577-PH

April 12, 2025

1. The Government of the Philippines (GoP) has received a Loan from the World Bank towards the
cost of Philippine Rural Development Project and it intends to apply part of the proceeds of this
Loan to payments under the contract for the Rehabilitation and Improvement of Caridad to Kansi
Farm - to - Market Road / PRDP-SU-IB-R007-CEB-004-TUB-001-2023-FMR.

2. The Municipal Local Government Unit of Tuburan, Cebu, implementing partner of the
Department of Agriculture, now invites bids for the Rehabilitation and Improvement of Caridad
to Kansi Farm - to - Market Road. Completion of the Works is required by 539 Calendar Days.
Bidders should have completed, within the last ten (10) years, a contract similar to the Project. The
description of an eligible bidder is contained in the Bidding Documents, particularly, in Section II.
Instructions to Bidders.

3. Bidding will be conducted in accordance with relevant procedures for open competitive bidding as
specified in the IRR of RA 9184 (R.A. 9184), with some amendments, as stated in these bidding
documents and is open to all bidders from eligible source countries as defined in the applicable
procurement guidelines of the World Bank. The contract shall be awarded to the Lowest Calculated
Responsive Bidder (LCRB) who was determined as such during post-qualification. The Estimated
Project Cost for this project is Three Hundred Fifty-Seven Million Six Hundred Twenty-Two
Thousand Pesos (PhP357,622,000.00).

4. Interested bidders may obtain further information from the Special Bids and Awards Committee of
the Municipality of Tuburan, Cebu and inspect the Bidding Documents at the address given below
and also at the PRDP Regional Project Coordination Office-7 (RCPO-7) with address at DA-RFO-7,
National Highway, Maguikay, Mandaue City, Cebu and at the PRDP Project Support Office-Visayas
(PSO-Visayas) with address at 2nd Floor Iloilo Sports Complex, Magsaysay Village, Lapaz, Iloilo
City, and at the National Project Coordination Office (NPCO) with address at Elliptical Road,
Diliman, Quezon City, from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM, Mondays to Fridays.

5. A complete set of Bidding Documents may be purchased by interested Bidders starting April 12,
2025 from the Special Bids and Awards Committee of the Municipality of Tuburan, Cebu with
address below, PRDP RPCO-7 or PRDP PSO-Visayas and upon payment or depositing to the
Municipality of Tuburan Land Bank of the Philippines (LBP) – Toledo City Branch Account
Number 3642-1001-05 of a non-refundable fee for the bidding documents in the amount of Ten
Thousand Pesos (PhP 10,000.00) not later than the submission of their bids. The LGU Treasurer’s
 official receipt, the bank teller’s validated deposit slip, or printed receipt from digital payment serves
as the proof of payment.

Digital payment shall mean payment using the likes of PayMaya, IAccess, Smart Money, GCash,
Coins.ph, and other means of digital payment.

Bidding Documents may also be downloaded free of charge from the website of the Philippine
Government Electronic Procurement System (PhilGEPS) and the PRDP website (prdp.da.gov.ph).
For Detailed Engineering Design (DED), Drawings and Plans, please follow the link:
bit.ly/PRDP-SU_DED-PLANS-DRAWING_TUBURAN-CEBU-FMR

As part of the transparency measures being instituted by the Department of Agriculture (DA), the
bidders can virtually visit the site of the above-described subproject at prdp.da.gov.ph where geotagged
base photographs at 50-meter interval and track are viewable. The DA, however, requires that all
potential contractors who will be awarded contract under the project shall have undergone geotagging
training provided by the PRDP Project Support Office.

6. The Municipal Local Government Unit of Tuburan, Cebu will hold a Pre-Bid Conference on April
29, 2025 at 10:00 AM at the LGU Tuburan Conference Hall, 3rd Floor Pob. 4, Tuburan, Cebu
with invitation link bit.ly/PRDP-SU_PRE-BID_TUBURAN-CEBU-FMR which shall be open to all
interested parties.

7. Bids must be duly received by the SBAC Secretariat on or before May 14, 2025 at 10:00 AM at the
LGU Tuburan Conference Hall, 3rd Floor Pob. 4, Tuburan, Cebu. All bids must be accompanied
by a Bid Securing Declaration.

Bid opening will be held on May 14, 2025 at 10:00 AM at the LGU Tuburan Conference Hall, 3rd
Floor Pob. 4, Tuburan, Cebu with invitation link bit.ly/PRDP-SU_BID-OPENING_TUBURAN-
CEBU-FMR. Bids will be opened in the presence of the bidder’s representatives who choose to attend
at the address below. Late bids shall not be accepted.

8. The Municipal Local Government Unit of Tuburan, Cebu reserves the right to accept or reject any
bid, to annul the bidding process, and to reject all bids at any time prior to contract award, without
thereby incurring any liability to the affected bidder or bidders.

9. For further information, please refer to:

MARIA TERESA D. BALBEDO

Head, SBAC Secretariat
SPDO Office, Municipal Hall Bldg.
Tuburan, Cebu
Mobile no.: 09562276943
E-mail address: spdotuburan@tuburancebu.gov.ph

(Sgd.) MA. JASMINE P. SOMBELON

Chairperson, Special Bids and Awards Committee
 Section II. Instruction to Bidders

TABLE OF CONTENTS
A. GENERAL ..................................................................................................... 10
1. Scope of Bid .......................................................................................................................... 10
2. Source of Funds ..................................................................................................................... 10
3. Corrupt, Fraudulent, Collusive, Coercive, and Obstructive Practices ................................... 10
4. Conflict of Interest................................................................................................................. 11
5. Eligible Bidders ..................................................................................................................... 12
6. Bidder’s Responsibilities ....................................................................................................... 14
7. Origin of Goods and Services................................................................................................ 16
8. Subcontracts .......................................................................................................................... 16
B. CONTENTS OF BIDDING DOCUMENTS ......................................................... 16
9. Pre-Bid Conference ............................................................................................................... 16
10. Clarification and Amendment of Bidding Documents ........................................................ 17
C. PREPARATION OF BIDS ................................................................................ 17
11. Language of Bids ................................................................................................................ 17
12. Documents Comprising the Bid: Eligibility and Technical Components ........................... 17
13. Documents Comprising the Bid: Financial Component ..................................................... 19
14. Alternative Bids .................................................................................................................. 20
15. Bid Prices ............................................................................................................................ 20
16. Bid Currencies..................................................................................................................... 21
17. Bid Validity ......................................................................................................................... 21
18. Bid Security......................................................................................................................... 21
19. Format and Signing of Bids ................................................................................................ 23
20. Sealing and Marking of Bids .............................................................................................. 24
D. SUBMISSION AND OPENING OF BIDS............................................................ 24
21. Deadline for Submission of Bids ........................................................................................ 24
22. Late Bids ............................................................................................................................. 24
23. Modification and Withdrawal of Bids................................................................................. 25
24. Opening and Preliminary Examination of Bids .................................................................. 25
E. EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF BIDS ................................................... 27
25. Process to be Confidential................................................................................................... 27
26. Clarification of Bids ............................................................................................................ 27
27. Detailed Evaluation and Comparison of Bids ..................................................................... 27
28. Post Qualification................................................................................................................ 28
29. Reservation Clause .............................................................................................................. 29
F. AWARD OF CONTRACT ................................................................................ 30
30. Contract Award ................................................................................................................... 30
31. Signing of the Contract ....................................................................................................... 30
32. Performance Security .......................................................................................................... 31
33. Notice to Proceed ................................................................................................................ 32
34. Protest Mechanism .............................................................................................................. 32

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 A. General

1. Scope of Bid
1.1. The Procuring Entity named in the BDS, invites bids for the construction of Works, as
described in Section VI. Specifications.

1.2. The name, identification, and number of lots specific to this bidding are provided in the
BDS. The contracting strategy and basis of evaluation of lots is described in ITB Clause
27.

1.3. The successful Bidder will be expected to complete the Works by the intended
completion date specified in SCC Clause 1.17.

2. Source of Funds
The Procuring Entity has a budget or received funds from the Funding Source named in the
BDS, and in the amount indicated in the BDS. It intends to apply part of the funds received for
the Project, as defined in the BDS, to cover eligible payments under the Contract for the Works.

3. Corrupt, Fraudulent, Collusive, Coercive, and Obstructive Practices

3.1. Unless otherwise specified in the BDS, the Procuring Entity, as well as bidders and
contractors, shall observe the highest standard of ethics during the procurement and
execution of the contract. In pursuance of this policy, the Funding Source:

(a) defines, for purposes of this provision, the terms set forth below as follows:

(i) "corrupt practice" means behavior on the part of officials in the public
or private sectors by which they improperly and unlawfully enrich
themselves, others, or induce others to do so, by misusing the position
in which they are placed, and includes the offering, giving, receiving,
or soliciting of anything of value to influence the action of any such
official in the procurement process or in contract execution; entering,
on behalf of the Procuring Entity, into any contract or transaction
manifestly and grossly disadvantageous to the same, whether or not
the public officer profited or will profit thereby, and similar acts as
provided in Republic Act 3019;

(ii) "fraudulent practice" means a misrepresentation of facts in order to

influence a procurement process or the execution of a contract to the
detriment of the Procuring Entity, and includes collusive practices
among Bidders (prior to or after Bid submission) designed to establish
bid prices at artificial, non-competitive levels and to deprive the
Procuring Entity of the benefits of free and open competition;

(iii) “collusive practices” means a scheme or arrangement between two or

more Bidders, with or without the knowledge of the Procuring Entity,
designed to establish bid prices at artificial, non-competitive levels;
and

(iv) “coercive practices” means harming or threatening to harm, directly or

indirectly, persons, or their property to influence their participation in
a procurement process, or affect the execution of a contract;

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 (v) “obstructive practice” is

(aa) deliberately destroying, falsifying, altering or concealing of

evidence material to an administrative proceedings or
investigation or making false statements to investigators in
order to materially impede an administrative proceedings or
investigation of the Procuring Entity or any foreign
government/foreign or international financing institution into
allegations of a corrupt, fraudulent, coercive or collusive
practice; and/or threatening, harassing or intimidating any
party to prevent it from disclosing its knowledge of matters
relevant to the administrative proceedings or investigation or
from pursuing such proceedings or investigation; or

(bb) acts intended to materially impede the exercise of the

inspection and audit rights of the Procuring Entity or any
foreign government/foreign or international financing
institution herein.

(b) will reject a proposal for award if it determines that the Bidder recommended
for award has engaged in corrupt or fraudulent practices in competing for the
Contract; and

(c) will declare a firm ineligible, either indefinitely or for a stated period of time,
to be awarded Contract funded by the Funding Source if it at any time
determines that the firm has engaged in corrupt or fraudulent practices in
competing or, or in executing, a Contract funded by the Funding Source.

3.2. Further, the Procuring Entity will seek to impose the maximum civil, administrative,
and/or criminal penalties available under the applicable laws on individuals and
organizations deemed to be involved in any of the practices mentioned in ITB Clause
3.1(a).

3.3. Furthermore, the Funding Source and the Procuring Entity reserve the right to inspect
and audit records and accounts of a contractor in the bidding for and performance of a
contract themselves or through independent auditors as reflected in the GCC Clause
34.

4. Conflict of Interest
4.1. All Bidders found to have conflicting interests shall be disqualified to participate in the
procurement at hand, without prejudice to the imposition of appropriate administrative,
civil, and criminal sanctions. A Bidder may be considered to have conflicting interests
with another Bidder in any of the events described in paragraphs (a) through (c) and a
general conflict of interest in any of the circumstances set out in paragraphs (d) through
(g) below:

(a) A Bidder has controlling shareholders in common with another Bidder;

(b) A Bidder receives or has received any direct or indirect subsidy from any other
Bidder;

(c) A Bidder has the same legal representative as that of another Bidder for
purposes of this Bid;

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 (d) A Bidder has a relationship, directly or through third parties, that puts them in
a position to have access to information about or influence on the bid of another
Bidder or influence the decisions of the Procuring Entity regarding this bidding
process;

(e) A Bidder submits more than one bid in this bidding process. However, this
does not limit the participation of subcontractors in more than one bid;

(f) A Bidder who participated as a consultant in the preparation of the design or

technical specifications of the goods and related services that are the subject of
the bid; or

(g) A Bidder who lends, or temporarily seconds, its personnel to firms or

organizations which are engaged in consulting services for the preparation
related to procurement for or implementation of the project, if the personnel
would be involved in any capacity on the same project.

4.2. In accordance with Section 47 of the IRR of RA 9184, all Bidding Documents shall be
accompanied by a sworn affidavit of the Bidder that it is not related to the Head of the
Procuring Entity (HoPE), members of the Bids and Awards Committee (BAC),
members of the Technical Working Group (TWG), members of the BAC Secretariat,
the head of the Project Management Office (PMO) or the end-user unit, and the project
consultants, by consanguinity or affinity up to the third civil degree. On the part of the
Bidder, this Clause shall apply to the following persons:

(a) If the Bidder is an individual or a sole proprietorship, to the Bidder himself;

(b) If the Bidder is a partnership, to all its officers and members;

(c) If the Bidder is a corporation, to all its officers, directors, and controlling
stockholders;

(d) If the Bidder is a cooperative, to all its officers, directors, and controlling
shareholders or members; and

(e) If the Bidder is a joint venture (JV), the provisions of items (a), (b), (c) or (d)
of this Clause shall correspondingly apply to each of the members of the said
JV, as may be appropriate.

Relationship of the nature described above or failure to comply with this Clause will
result in the automatic disqualification of a Bidder.

5. Eligible Bidders
5.1. Unless otherwise indicated in the BDS, the following persons shall be eligible to
participate in this Bidding:

(a) Duly licensed Filipino citizens/sole proprietorships;

(b) Partnerships duly organized under the laws of the Philippines and of which at
least seventy-five percent (75%) of the interest belongs to citizens of the
Philippines;

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 (c) Corporations duly organized under the laws of the Philippines, and of which at
least seventy-five percent (75%) of the outstanding capital stock belongs to
citizens of the Philippines;

(d) Cooperatives duly organized under the laws of the Philippines.

(e) Persons/entities forming themselves into a JV, i.e., a group of two (2) or more
persons/entities that intend to be jointly and severally responsible or liable for
a particular contract: Provided, however, that, in accordance with Letter of
Instructions No. 630, Filipino ownership or interest of the joint venture
concerned shall be at least seventy five percent (75%): Provided, further, that
joint ventures in which Filipino ownership or interest is less than seventy five
percent (75%) may be eligible where the structures to be built require the
application of techniques and/or technologies which are not adequately
possessed by a person/entity meeting the seventy five percent (75%) Filipino
ownership requirement: Provided, finally, that in the latter case, Filipino
ownership or interest shall not be less than twenty five percent (25%). For this
purpose, Filipino ownership or interest shall be based on the contributions of
each of the members of the joint venture as specified in their JVA.

5.2. The Procuring Entity may also invite foreign bidders when provided for under any
Treaty or International or Executive Agreement as specified in the BDS.

5.3. Government owned or controlled corporations (GOCCs) may be eligible to participate

only if they can establish that they (a) are legally and financially autonomous, (b)
operate under commercial law, and (c) are not attached agencies of the Procuring
Entity.

5.4. (a) The Bidder must have an experience of having completed a Single Largest
Completed Contract (SLCC) that is similar to this Project, equivalent to at least fifty
percent (50%) of the ABC adjusted, if necessary, by the Bidder to current prices using
the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) consumer price index. However, contractors
under Small A and Small B categories without similar experience on the contract to be
bid may be allowed to bid if the cost of such contract is not more than the Allowable
Range of Contract Cost (ARCC) of their registration based on the guidelines as
prescribed by the PCAB.

(b) For Foreign-funded Procurement, the Procuring Entity and the foreign
government/foreign or international financing institution may agree on another track
record requirement, as specified in the BDS.

For this purpose, contracts similar to the Project shall be those described in the BDS.

5.5. The Bidder must submit a computation of its Net Financial Contracting Capacity
(NFCC), which must be at least equal to the ABC to be bid, calculated as follows:

NFCC = [(Current assets minus current liabilities) (15)] minus the value of all
outstanding or uncompleted portions of the projects under ongoing contracts,
including awarded contracts yet to be started coinciding with the contract for this
Project.

The values of the domestic bidder’s current assets and current liabilities shall be based
on the latest Audited Financial Statements (AFS) submitted to the BIR.

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 For purposes of computing the foreign bidders’ NFCC, the value of the current assets
and current liabilities shall be based on their audited financial statements prepared in
accordance with international financial reporting standards.

6. Bidder’s Responsibilities
6.1. The Bidder or its duly authorized representative shall submit a sworn statement in the
form prescribed in Section IX. Bidding Forms as required in ITB Clause 12.1(b)(iii).

6.2. The Bidder is responsible for the following:

(a) Having taken steps to carefully examine all of the Bidding Documents;

(b) Having acknowledged all conditions, local or otherwise, affecting the

implementation of the contract;

(c) Having made an estimate of the facilities available and needed for the contract
to be bid, if any;

(d) Having complied with its responsibility to inquire or secure Supplemental/Bid

Bulletin/s as provided under ITB Clause 10.4;

(e) Ensuring that it is not “blacklisted” or barred from bidding by the GoP or any
of its agencies, offices, corporations, or LGUs, including foreign
government/foreign or international financing institution whose blacklisting
rules have been recognized by the GPPB;

(f) Ensuring that each of the documents submitted in satisfaction of the bidding
requirements is an authentic copy of the original, complete, and all statements
and information provided therein are true and correct;

(g) Authorizing the HoPE or its duly authorized representative/s to verify all the
documents submitted;

(h) Ensuring that the signatory is the duly authorized representative of the Bidder,
and granted full power and authority to do, execute and perform any and all
acts necessary to participate, submit the bid, and to sign and execute the
ensuing contract, accompanied by the duly notarized Special Power of
Attorney, Board/Partnership Resolution, or Secretary’s Certificate, whichever
is applicable;

(i) Complying with the disclosure provision under Section 47 of RA 9184and its
IRR in relation to other provisions of RA 3019;

(j) Complying with existing labor laws and standards, in the case of procurement
of services. Moreover, bidder undertakes to:

(i) Ensure the entitlement of workers to wages, hours of work, safety and
health and other prevailing conditions of work as established by
national laws, rules and regulations; or collective bargaining
agreement; or arbitration award, if and when applicable.

In case there is a finding by the Procuring Entity or the DOLE of

underpayment or non-payment of workers’ wage and wage-related

14
 benefits, bidder agrees that the performance security or portion of the
contract amount shall be withheld in favor of the complaining workers
pursuant to appropriate provisions of Republic Act No. 9184 without
prejudice to the institution of appropriate actions under the Labor
Code, as amended, and other social legislations.

(ii) Comply with occupational safety and health standards and to correct
deficiencies, if any.

In case of imminent danger, injury or death of the worker, bidder

undertakes to suspend contract implementation pending clearance to
proceed from the DOLE Regional Office and to comply with Work
Stoppage Order; and

(iii) Inform the workers of their conditions of work, labor clauses under the
contract specifying wages, hours of work and other benefits under
prevailing national laws, rules and regulations; or collective
bargaining agreement; or arbitration award, if and when applicable,
through posting in two (2) conspicuous places in the establishment’s
premises; and

(k) Ensuring that it did not give or pay, directly or indirectly, any commission,
amount, fee, or any form of consideration, pecuniary or otherwise, to any
person or official, personnel or representative of the.

Failure to observe any of the above responsibilities shall be at the risk of the Bidder
concerned.

6.3. The Bidder, by the act of submitting its bid, shall be deemed to have inspected the site,
determined the general characteristics of the contract works and the conditions for this
Project and examine all instructions, forms, terms, and project requirements in the
Bidding Documents.

6.4. It shall be the sole responsibility of the prospective bidder to determine and to satisfy
itself by such means as it considers necessary or desirable as to all matters pertaining
to this Project, including: (a) the location and the nature of the contract, project, or
work; (b) climatic conditions; (c) transportation facilities; (c) nature and condition of
the terrain, geological conditions at the site communication facilities, requirements,
location and availability of construction aggregates and other materials, labor, water,
electric power and access roads; and (d) other factors that may affect the cost, duration
and execution or implementation of the contract, project, or work.

6.5. The Procuring Entity shall not assume any responsibility regarding erroneous
interpretations or conclusions by the prospective or eligible bidder out of the data
furnished by the procuring entity. However, the Procuring Entity shall ensure that all
information in the Bidding Documents, including supplemental/bid bulletins issued are
correct and consistent.

6.6. Before submitting their bids, the Bidders are deemed to have become familiar with all
existing laws, decrees, ordinances, acts and regulations of the Philippines which may
affect the contract in any way.

6.7. The Bidder shall bear all costs associated with the preparation and submission of his
bid, and the Procuring Entity will in no case be responsible or liable for those costs,
regardless of the conduct or outcome of the bidding process.

15
 6.8. The Bidder should note that the Procuring Entity will accept bids only from those that
have paid the applicable fee for the Bidding Documents at the office indicated in the
Invitation to Bid.

7. Origin of Goods and Services

There is no restriction on the origin of Goods, or Contracting of Works or Services other than
those prohibited by a decision of the United Nations Security Council taken under Chapter VII
of the Charter of the United Nations.

8. Subcontracts
8.1. Unless otherwise specified in the BDS, the Bidder may subcontract portions of the
Works to an extent as may be approved by the Procuring Entity and stated in the BDS.
However, subcontracting of any portion shall not relieve the Bidder from any liability
or obligation that may arise from the contract for this Project.

8.2. Subcontractors must submit the documentary requirements under ITB Clause 12 and
comply with the eligibility criteria specified in the BDS. In the event that any
subcontractor is found by the Procuring Entity to be ineligible, the subcontracting of
such portion of the Works shall be disallowed.

8.3. The Bidder may identify the subcontractor to whom a portion of the Works will be
subcontracted at any stage of the bidding process or during contract implementation.
If the Bidder opts to disclose the name of the subcontractor during bid submission, the
Bidder shall include the required documents as part of the technical component of its
bid.

B. Contents of Bidding Documents

9. Pre-Bid Conference
9.1. (a) If so specified in the BDS, a pre-bid conference shall be held at the venue and on
the date indicated therein, to clarify and address the Bidders’ questions on the technical
and financial components of this Project.

(b) The pre-bid conference shall be held at least twelve (12) calendar days before the
deadline for the submission of and receipt of bids, but not earlier than seven (7) calendar
days from the posting of the Invitation to Bid/Bidding Documents in the PhilGEPS
website. If the Procuring Entity determines that, by reason of the method, nature, or
complexity of the contract to be bid, or when international participation will be more
advantageous to the GoP, a longer period for the preparation of bids is necessary, the
pre-bid conference shall be held at least thirty (30) calendar days before the deadline
for the submission and receipt of bids, as specified in the BDS.

9.2. Bidders are encouraged to attend the pre-bid conference to ensure that they fully
understand the Procuring Entity’s requirements. Non-attendance of the Bidder will in
no way prejudice its bid; however, the Bidder is expected to know the changes and/or
amendments to the Bidding Documents as recorded in the minutes of the pre-bid
conference and the Supplemental/Bid Bulletin. The minutes of the pre-bid conference
shall be recorded and prepared not later than five (5) calendar days after the pre-bid
conference. The minutes shall be made available to prospective bidders not later than
five (5) days upon written request.

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 9.3. Decisions of the BAC amending any provision of the bidding documents shall be issued
in writing through a Supplemental/Bid Bulletin at least seven (7) calendar days before
the deadline for the submission and receipt of bids.

10. Clarification and Amendment of Bidding Documents

10.1. Prospective bidders may request for clarification(s) on and/or interpretation of any part
of the Bidding Documents. Such a request must be in writing and submitted to the
Procuring Entity at the address indicated in the BDS at least ten (10) calendar days
before the deadline set for the submission and receipt of Bids.

10.2. The BAC shall respond to the said request by issuing a Supplemental/Bid Bulletin, to
be made available to all those who have properly secured the Bidding Documents, at
least seven (7) calendar days before the deadline for the submission and receipt of Bids.

10.3. Supplemental/Bid Bulletins may also be issued upon the Procuring Entity’s initiative
for purposes of clarifying or modifying any provision of the Bidding Documents not
later than seven (7) calendar days before the deadline for the submission and receipt of
Bids. Any modification to the Bidding Documents shall be identified as an amendment.

10.4. Any Supplemental/Bid Bulletin issued by the BAC shall also be posted in the PhilGEPS
and the website of the Procuring Entity concerned, if available, and at any conspicuous
place in the premises of the Procuring Entity concerned. It shall be the responsibility
of all Bidders who have properly secured the Bidding Documents to inquire and secure
Supplemental/Bid Bulletins that may be issued by the BAC. However, Bidders who
have submitted bids before the issuance of the Supplemental/Bid Bulletin must be
informed and allowed to modify or withdraw their bids in accordance with ITB Clause
23.

C. Preparation of Bids

11. Language of Bids

The eligibility requirements or statements, the bids, and all other documents to be submitted to
the BAC must be in English. If the eligibility requirements or statements, the bids, and all other
documents submitted to the BAC are in foreign language other than English, it must be
accompanied by a translation of the documents in English. The documents shall be translated
by the relevant foreign government agency, the foreign government agency authorized to
translate documents, or a registered translator in the foreign bidder’s country; and shall be
authenticated by the appropriate Philippine foreign service establishment/post or the equivalent
office having jurisdiction over the foreign bidder’s affairs in the Philippines. The English
translation shall govern, for purposes of interpretation of the bid.

12. Documents Comprising the Bid: Eligibility and Technical

Components
12.1. Unless otherwise indicated in the BDS, the first envelope shall contain the following
eligibility and technical documents:

(a) Eligibility Documents –

Class “A” Documents

17
(i) PhilGEPS Certificate of Registration and Membership in accordance
with Section 8.5.2 of the IRR, except for foreign bidders participating
in the procurement by a Philippine Foreign Service Office or Post,
which shall submit their eligibility documents under Section 23.1 of
the IRR, provided, that the winning bidder shall register with the
PhilGEPS in accordance with Section 37.1.4 of the IRR;

(ii) Statement of all its ongoing government and private contracts,

including contracts awarded but not yet started, if any, whether similar
or not similar in nature and complexity to the contract to be bid; and

Statement of the Bidder’s SLCC similar to the contract to be bid, in

accordance with ITB Clause 5.4.

The two statements required shall indicate for each contract the
following:

(ii.1) name of the contract;

(ii.2) date of the contract;

(ii.3) contract duration;

(ii.4) owner’s name and address;

(ii.5) nature of work;

(ii.6) contractor’s role (whether sole contractor, subcontractor, or

partner in a JV) and percentage of participation;

(ii.7) total contract value at award;

(ii.8) date of completion or estimated completion time;

(ii.9) total contract value at completion, if applicable;

(ii.10) percentages of planned and actual accomplishments, if

applicable; and

(ii.11) value of outstanding works, if applicable.

The statement of the Bidder’s SLCC shall be supported by the Notice

of Award and/or Notice to Proceed, Project Owner’s Certificate of
Final Acceptance issued by the Owner other than the Contractor or the
Constructors Performance Evaluation System (CPES) Final Rating,
which must be at least satisfactory. In case of contracts with the private
sector, an equivalent document shall be submitted;

(iii) Unless otherwise provided in the BDS, a valid special PCAB License
in case of joint ventures, and registration for the type and cost of the
contract for this Project; and

(iv) NFCC computation in accordance with ITB Clause 5.5.

Class “B” Documents

18
 (v) If applicable, Joint Venture Agreement (JVA) in accordance with RA
4566.

(b) Technical Documents –

(i) Bid security in accordance with ITB Clause 18. If the Bidder opts to
submit the bid security in the form of:

(i.1) a bank draft/guarantee or an irrevocable letter of credit issued

by a foreign bank, it shall be accompanied by a confirmation
from a Universal or Commercial Bank; or

(i.2) a surety bond accompanied by a certification coming from the

Insurance Commission that the surety or insurance company
is authorized to issue such instruments.

(ii) Project Requirements, which shall include the following:

(ii.1) Organizational chart for the contract to be bid;

(ii.2) List of contractor’s personnel (e.g., Project Manager, Project

Engineers, Materials Engineers, and Foremen), to be assigned
to the contract to be bid, with their complete qualification and
experience data. These personnel must meet the required
minimum years of experience set in the BDS; and

(ii.3) List of contractor’s major equipment units, which are owned,

leased, and/or under purchase agreements, supported by proof
of ownership, certification of availability of equipment from
the equipment lessor/vendor for the duration of the project, as
the case may be, which must meet the minimum requirements
for the contract set in the BDS; and

(iii) Sworn statement in accordance with Section 25.3 of the IRR of RA

9184 and using the form prescribed in Section IX. Bidding Forms.

13. Documents Comprising the Bid: Financial Component

13.1. Unless otherwise stated in the BDS, the financial component of the bid shall contain
the following:

(a) Financial Bid Form, which includes bid prices and the bill of quantities, in
accordance with ITB Clauses 15.1 and 15.3; and

(b) Any other document related to the financial component of the bid as stated in
the BDS.

13.2. (a) Unless otherwise stated in the BDS, all Bids that exceed the ABC shall not be
accepted.

(b) Unless otherwise indicated in the BDS, for foreign-funded procurement, a

ceiling may be applied to bid prices provided the following conditions are met:

19
 (i) Bidding Documents are obtainable free of charge on a freely accessible
website. If payment of Bidding Documents is required by the procuring
entity, payment could be made upon the submission of bids.

(ii) The procuring entity has procedures in place to ensure that the ABC is
based on recent estimates made by the engineer or the responsible unit
of the procuring entity and that the estimates are based on adequate
detailed engineering (in the case of infrastructure projects) and reflect
the quality, supervision and risk and inflationary factors, as well as
prevailing market prices, associated with the types of works or goods to
be procured.

(iii) The procuring entity has trained cost estimators on estimating prices and
analyzing bid variances. In the case of infrastructure projects, the
procuring entity must also have trained quantity surveyors.

(iv) The procuring entity has established a system to monitor and report bid
prices relative to ABC and engineer’s/procuring entity’s estimate.

(v) The procuring entity has established a monitoring and evaluation system
for contract implementation to provide feedback on actual total costs of
goods and works.

14. Alternative Bids

14.1. Alternative Bids shall be rejected. For this purpose, alternative bid is an offer made by
a Bidder in addition or as a substitute to its original bid which may be included as part
of its original bid or submitted separately therewith for purposes of bidding. A bid with
options is considered an alternative bid regardless of whether said bid proposal is
contained in a single envelope or submitted in two (2) or more separate bid envelopes.

14.2. Bidders shall submit offers that comply with the requirements of the Bidding
Documents, including the basic technical design as indicated in the drawings and
specifications. Unless there is a value engineering clause in the BDS, alternative bids
shall not be accepted.

14.3. Each Bidder shall submit only one Bid, either individually or as a partner in a JV. A
Bidder who submits or participates in more than one bid (other than as a subcontractor
if a subcontractor is permitted to participate in more than one bid) will cause all the
proposals with the Bidder’s participation to be disqualified. This shall be without
prejudice to any applicable criminal, civil and administrative penalties that may be
imposed upon the persons and entities concerned.

15. Bid Prices

15.1. The contract shall be for the whole Works, as described in ITB Clause 1.1, based on
the priced Bill of Quantities submitted by the Bidder.

15.2. The Bidder shall fill in rates and prices for all items of the Works described in the Bill
of Quantities. Bids not addressing or providing all of the required items in the Bidding
Documents including, where applicable, Bill of Quantities, shall be considered non-
responsive and, thus, automatically disqualified. In this regard, where a required item
is provided, but no price is indicated, the same shall be considered as non-responsive,
but specifying a zero (0) or a dash (-) for the said item would mean that it is being

20
 offered for free to the Government, except those required by law or regulations to be
provided for.

15.3. All duties, taxes, and other levies payable by the Contractor under the Contract, or for
any other cause, prior to the deadline for submission of bids, shall be included in the
rates, prices, and total bid price submitted by the Bidder.

15.4. All bid prices for the given scope of work in the contract as awarded shall be considered
as fixed prices, and therefore not subject to price escalation during contract
implementation, except under extraordinary circumstances as specified in GCC Clause
48.Upon the recommendation of the Procuring Entity, price escalation may be allowed
in extraordinary circumstances as may be determined by the National Economic and
Development Authority in accordance with the Civil Code of the Philippines, and upon
approval by the GPPB. Furthermore, in cases where the cost of the awarded contract is
affected by any applicable new laws, ordinances, regulations, or other acts of the GoP,
promulgated after the date of bid opening, a contract price adjustment shall be made or
appropriate relief shall be applied on a no loss-no gain basis.

16. Bid Currencies

16.1. All bid prices shall be quoted in Philippine Pesos unless otherwise provided in the BDS.
However, for purposes of bid evaluation, bids denominated in foreign currencies shall
be converted to Philippine currency based on the exchange rate prevailing on the day
of the Bid Opening.

16.2. If so allowed in accordance with ITB Clause 16.1, the Procuring Entity for purposes
of bid evaluation and comparing the bid prices will convert the amounts in various
currencies in which the bid price is expressed to Philippine Pesos at the exchange rate
as published in the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) reference rate bulletin on the
day of the bid opening.

16.3. Unless otherwise specified in the BDS, payment of the contract price shall be made in
Philippine Pesos.

17. Bid Validity

17.1. Bids shall remain valid for the period specified in the BDS which shall not exceed one
hundred twenty (120) calendar days from the date of the opening of bids.

17.2. In exceptional circumstances, prior to the expiration of the bid validity period, the
Procuring Entity may request Bidders to extend the period of validity of their bids. The
request and the responses shall be made in writing. The bid security described in ITB
Clause 18 should also be extended corresponding to the extension of the bid validity
period at the least. A Bidder may refuse the request without forfeiting its bid security,
but his bid shall no longer be considered for further evaluation and award. A Bidder
granting the request shall not be required or permitted to modify its bid.

18. Bid Security

18.1. The Bidder shall submit a Bid Securing Declaration or any form of Bid Security in an
amount stated in the BDS, which shall be not less than the percentage of the ABC in
accordance with the following schedule:

Form of Bid Security Amount of Bid Security

21
 (Not less than the
Percentage of the ABC)
(a) Cash or cashier’s/manager’s check issued by a
Universal or Commercial Bank.
(b) Bank draft/guarantee or irrevocable letter of
credit issued by a Universal or Commercial Two percent (2%)
Bank: Provided, however, that it shall be
confirmed or authenticated by a Universal or
Commercial Bank, if issued by a foreign bank.
(c) Surety bond callable upon demand issued by a
surety or insurance company duly certified by
Five percent (5%)
the Insurance Commission as authorized to
issue such security; and/or

The Bid Securing Declaration mentioned above is an undertaking which states, among
others, that the Bidder shall enter into contract with the procuring entity and furnish the
performance security required under ITB Clause 32.2, within ten (10) calendar days
from receipt of the Notice of Award, and commits to pay the corresponding amount as
fine, and be suspended for a period of time from being qualified to participate in any
government procurement activity in the event it violates any of the conditions stated
therein as provided in the guidelines issued by the GPPB.

18.2. The bid security should be valid for the period specified in the BDS. Any bid not
accompanied by an acceptable bid security shall be rejected by the Procuring Entity as
non-responsive.

18.3. No bid securities shall be returned to Bidders after the opening of bids and before
contract signing, except to those that failed or declared as post-disqualified, upon
submission of a written waiver of their right to file a request for reconsideration and/or
protest, or lapse of the reglementary period without having filed a request for
reconsideration or protest. Without prejudice on its forfeiture, Bid Securities shall be
returned only after the Bidder with the Lowest Calculated Responsive Bid (LCRB) has
signed the contract and furnished the Performance Security, but in no case later than
the expiration of the Bid Security validity period indicated in ITB Clause 18.2.

18.4. Upon signing and execution of the contract, pursuant to ITB Clause 31, and the posting
of the performance security, pursuant to ITB Clause 32, the successful Bidder’s Bid
Security will be discharged, but in no case later than the Bid Security validity period
as indicated in ITB Clause 18.2.

18.5. The bid security may be forfeited:

(a) if a Bidder:

(i) withdraws its bid during the period of bid validity specified in ITB
Clause 17;

(ii) does not accept the correction of errors pursuant to ITB Clause
27.3(b);

(iii) has a finding against the veracity of the required documents submitted
in accordance with ITB Clause 28.2;

(iv) submission of eligibility requirements containing false information or

falsified documents;

22
 (v) submission of bids that contain false information or falsified
documents, or the concealment of such information in the bids in order
to influence the outcome of eligibility screening or any other stage of
the public bidding;

(vi) allowing the use of one’s name, or using the name of another for
purposes of public bidding;

(vii) withdrawal of a bid, or refusal to accept an award, or enter into contract

with the Government without justifiable cause, after the Bidder had
been adjudged as having submitted the LCRB;

(viii) refusal or failure to post the required performance security within the
prescribed time;

(ix) refusal to clarify or validate in writing its bid during post-qualification

within a period of seven (7) calendar days from receipt of the request
for clarification;

(x) any documented attempt by a Bidder to unduly influence the outcome

of the bidding in his favor;

(xi) failure of the potential joint venture partners to enter into the joint
venture after the bid is declared successful; or

(xii) all other acts that tend to defeat the purpose of the competitive bidding,
such as habitually withdrawing from bidding, submitting late Bids or
patently insufficient bid, for at least three (3) times within a year,
except for valid reasons.

(b) if the successful Bidder:

(i) fails to sign the contract in accordance with ITB Clause31;

(ii) fails to furnish performance security in accordance with ITB

Clause32.

19. Format and Signing of Bids

19.1 Bidders shall submit their bids through their duly authorized representative using the
appropriate forms provided in Section IX. Bidding Forms on or before the deadline
specified in the ITB Clause 21 in two (2) separate sealed bid envelopes, and which shall
be submitted simultaneously. The first shall contain the technical component of the bid,
including the eligibility requirements under ITB Clause 12.1, and the second shall
contain the financial component of the bid. This shall also be observed for each lot in
the case of lot procurement.

19.2 Forms as mentioned in ITB Clause 19.1 must be completed without any alterations to
their format, and no substitute form shall be accepted. All blank spaces shall be filled
in with the information requested.

19.3 The Bidder shall prepare and submit an original of the first and second envelopes as
described in ITB Clauses 12 and 13. In addition, the Bidder shall submit copies of the
first and second envelopes. In the event of any discrepancy between the original and
the copies, the original shall prevail.

23
 19.4 Each and every page of the Bid Form, including the Bill of Quantities, under Section
IX hereof, shall be signed by the duly authorized representative/s of the Bidder. Failure
to do so shall be a ground for the rejection of the bid.

19.5 Any interlineations, erasures, or overwriting shall be valid only if they are signed or
initialed by the duly authorized representative/s of the Bidder.

20. Sealing and Marking of Bids

20.1. Bidders shall enclose their original eligibility and technical documents described in
ITB Clause 12, in one sealed envelope marked “ORIGINAL - TECHNICAL
COMPONENT,” and the original of their financial component in another sealed
envelope marked “ORIGINAL - FINANCIAL COMPONENT,” sealing them all in an
outer envelope marked “ORIGINAL BID.”

20.2. Each copy of the first and second envelopes shall be similarly sealed duly marking the
inner envelopes as “COPY NO. ___ - TECHNICAL COMPONENT” and “COPY NO.
___ – FINANCIAL COMPONENT” and the outer envelope as “COPY NO. ___,”
respectively. These envelopes containing the original and the copies shall then be
enclosed in one single envelope.

20.3. The original and the number of copies of the bid as indicated in the BDS shall be typed
or written in ink and shall be signed by the Bidder or its duly authorized
representative/s.

20.4. All envelopes shall:

(a) contain the name of the contract to be bid in capital letters;

(b) bear the name and address of the Bidder in capital letters;

(c) be addressed to the Procuring Entity’s BAC in accordance with ITB Clause
20.1;

(d) bear the specific identification of this bidding process indicated in the ITB
Clause 1.2; and

(e) bear a warning “DO NOT OPEN BEFORE…” the date and time for the
opening of bids, in accordance with ITB Clause 21.

20.5. Bid envelopes that are not properly sealed and marked, as required in the bidding
documents, shall not be rejected, but the Bidder or its duly authorized representative
shall acknowledge such condition of the bid as submitted. The BAC or the Procuring
Entity shall assume no responsibility for the misplacement of the contents of the
improperly sealed or marked bid, or for its premature opening.

D. Submission and Opening of Bids

21. Deadline for Submission of Bids

Bids must be received by the Procuring Entity’s BAC at the address and on or before the date
and time indicated in the BDS.

22. Late Bids

24
 Any bid submitted after the deadline for submission and receipt of bids prescribed by the
Procuring Entity, pursuant to ITB Clause 21, shall be declared “Late” and shall not be accepted
by the Procuring Entity. The BAC shall record in the minutes of Bid Submission and Opening,
the Bidder’s name, its representative and the time the late bid was submitted.

23. Modification and Withdrawal of Bids

23.1. The Bidder may modify its bid after it has been submitted; provided that the
modification is received by the Procuring Entity prior to the deadline prescribed for
submission and receipt of bids. The Bidder shall not be allowed to retrieve its original
bid, but shall be allowed to submit another bid equally sealed and properly identified
in accordance with Clause 20, linked to its original bid marked as “TECHNICAL
MODIFICATION” or “FINANCIAL MODIFICATION” and stamped “received” by
the BAC. Bid modifications received after the applicable deadline shall not be
considered and shall be returned to the Bidder unopened.

23.2. A Bidder may, through a Letter of Withdrawal, withdraw its bid after it has been
submitted, for valid and justifiable reason; provided that the Letter of Withdrawal is
received by the Procuring Entity prior to the deadline prescribed for submission and
receipt of bids. The Letter of Withdrawal must be executed by the authorized
representative of the Bidder identified in the Omnibus Sworn Statement, a copy of
which should be attached to the letter.

23.3. Bids requested to be withdrawn in accordance with ITB Clause 23.1 shall be returned
unopened to the Bidders. A Bidder, who has acquired the bidding documents may also
express its intention not to participate in the bidding through a letter which should reach
and be stamped by the BAC before the deadline for submission and receipt of bids. A
Bidder that withdraws its bid shall not be permitted to submit another bid, directly or
indirectly, for the same contract.

23.4. No bid may be modified after the deadline for submission of bids. No bid may be
withdrawn in the interval between the deadline for submission of bids and the
expiration of the period of bid validity specified by the Bidder on the Financial Bid
Form. Withdrawal of a bid during this interval shall result in the forfeiture of the
Bidder’s bid security, pursuant to ITB Clause 18.5, and the imposition of
administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions as prescribed by RA 9184 and its IRR.

24. Opening and Preliminary Examination of Bids

24.1. The BAC shall open the Bids in public, immediately after the deadline for the
submission and receipt of bids in public, as specified in the BDS. In case the Bids
cannot be opened as scheduled due to justifiable reasons, the BAC shall take custody
of the Bids submitted and reschedule the opening of Bids on the next working day or
at the soonest possible time through the issuance of a Notice of Postponement to be
posted in the PhilGEPS website and the website of the Procuring Entity concerned.

24.2. Unless otherwise specified in the BDS, the BAC shall open the first bid envelopes and
determine each Bidder’s compliance with the documents prescribed in ITB Clause 12,
using a non-discretionary “pass/fail” criterion. If a Bidder submits the required
document, it shall be rated “passed” for that particular requirement. In this regard, bids
that fail to include any requirement or are incomplete or patently insufficient shall be
considered as “failed”. Otherwise, the BAC shall rate the said first bid envelope as
“passed”.

25
24.3. Unless otherwise specified in the BDS, immediately after determining compliance with
the requirements in the first envelope, the BAC shall forthwith open the second bid
envelope of each remaining eligible Bidder whose first bid envelope was rated
“passed.” The second envelope of each complying Bidder shall be opened within the
same day. In case one or more of the requirements in the second envelope of a particular
bid is missing, incomplete or patently insufficient, and/or if the submitted total bid price
exceeds the ABC unless otherwise provided in ITB Clause 13.2, the BAC shall rate the
bid concerned as “failed.” Only bids that are determined to contain all the bid
requirements for both components shall be rated “passed” and shall immediately be
considered for evaluation and comparison.

24.4. Letters of Withdrawal shall be read out and recorded during bid opening, and the
envelope containing the corresponding withdrawn bid shall be returned to the Bidder
unopened.

24.5. All members of the BAC who are present during bid opening shall initial every page
of the original copies of all bids received and opened.

24.6. In the case of an eligible foreign bidder as described in ITB Clause 5, the following
Class “A” Documents may be substituted with the appropriate equivalent documents,
if any, issued by the country of the foreign bidder concerned, which shall likewise be
uploaded and maintained in the PhilGEPS in accordance with Section 8.5.2 of the IRR.:

a) Registration certificate from the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC),

Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) for sole proprietorship, or CDA for
cooperatives;

b) Mayor’s/Business permit issued by the local government where the principal place
of business of the Bidder is located; and

c) Audited Financial Statements showing, among others, the prospective Bidder’s

total and current assets and liabilities stamped “received” by the Bureau of Internal
Revenue or its duly accredited and authorized institutions, for the preceding
calendar year which should not be earlier than two years from the date of bid
submission.

24.7. Each partner of a joint venture agreement shall likewise submit the document required
in ITB Clause 12.1(a)(i). Submission of documents required under ITB Clauses
12.1(a)(ii) to 12.1(a)(iv) by any of the joint venture partners constitutes compliance.

24.8. The Procuring Entity shall prepare the minutes of the proceedings of the bid opening
that shall include, as a minimum: (a) names of Bidders, their bid price (per lot, if
applicable, and/or including discount, if any), bid security, findings of preliminary
examination, and whether there is a withdrawal or modification; and (b) attendance
sheet. The BAC members shall sign the abstract of bids as read.

24.8. The Bidders or their duly authorized representatives may attend the opening of bids.
The BAC shall ensure the integrity, security, and confidentiality of all submitted bids.
The Abstract of Bids as read and the minutes of the Bid Opening shall be made
available to the public upon written request and payment of a specified fee to recover
cost of materials.

24.9 To ensure transparency and accurate representation of the bid submission, the BAC
Secretariat shall notify in writing all Bidders whose bids it has received through its

26
 PhilGEPS-registered physical address or official e-mail address. The notice shall be
issued within seven (7) calendar days from the date of the bid opening.

E. Evaluation and Comparison of Bids

25. Process to be Confidential
25.1. Members of the BAC, including its staff and personnel, as well as its Secretariat and
TWG, are prohibited from making or accepting any kind of communication with any
Bidder regarding the evaluation of their bids until the issuance of the Notice of Award,
unless otherwise allowed in the case of ITB Clause 26.

25.2. Any effort by a Bidder to influence the Procuring Entity in the Procuring Entity’s
decision in respect of bid evaluation, bid comparison or contract award will result in
the rejection of the Bidder’s bid.

26. Clarification of Bids

To assist in the evaluation, comparison and post-qualification of the bids, the Procuring Entity
may ask in writing any Bidder for a clarification of its bid. All responses to requests for
clarification shall be in writing. Any clarification submitted by a Bidder in respect to its bid and
that is not in response to a request by the Procuring Entity shall not be considered.

27. Detailed Evaluation and Comparison of Bids

27.1. The Procuring Entity will undertake the detailed evaluation and comparison of Bids
which have passed the opening and preliminary examination of Bids, pursuant to ITB
Clause 24, in order to determine the Lowest Calculated Bid.

27.2. The Lowest Calculated Bid shall be determined in two steps:

(a) The detailed evaluation of the financial component of the bids, to establish the
correct calculated prices of the bids; and

(b) The ranking of the total bid prices as so calculated from the lowest to highest.
The bid with the lowest price shall be identified as the Lowest Calculated Bid.

27.3. The Procuring Entity's BAC shall immediately conduct a detailed evaluation of all bids
rated “passed,” using non-discretionary “pass/fail” criterion. The BAC shall consider
the following in the evaluation of bids:

(a) Completeness of the bid. Unless the BDS allows partial bids, bids not
addressing or providing all of the required items in the Schedule of
Requirements including, where applicable, bill of quantities, shall be
considered non-responsive and, thus, automatically disqualified. In this regard,
where a required item is provided, but no price is indicated, the same shall be
considered as non-responsive, but specifying a zero (0) or a dash (-) for the
said item would mean that it is being offered for free to the Procuring Entity,
except those required by law or regulations to be provided for; and

(b) Arithmetical corrections. Consider computational errors and omissions to

enable proper comparison of all eligible bids. It may also consider bid
modifications. Any adjustment shall be calculated in monetary terms to
determine the calculated prices.

27
 27.4. Based on the detailed evaluation of bids, those that comply with the above-mentioned
requirements shall be ranked in the ascending order of their total calculated bid prices,
as evaluated and corrected for computational errors, discounts and other modifications,
to identify the Lowest Calculated Bid. Total calculated bid prices, as evaluated and
corrected for computational errors, discounts and other modifications, which exceed
the ABC shall not be considered, unless otherwise indicated in the BDS.

27.5. The Procuring Entity’s evaluation of bids shall be based on the bid price quoted in the
Bid Form, which includes the Bill of Quantities.

27.6. Bids shall be evaluated on an equal footing to ensure fair competition. For this purpose,
all Bidders shall be required to include in their bids the cost of all taxes, such as, but
not limited to, value added tax (VAT), income tax, local taxes, and other fiscal levies
and duties which shall be itemized in the bid form and reflected in the detailed
estimates. Such bids, including said taxes, shall be the basis for bid evaluation and
comparison.

27.7. If so indicated pursuant to ITB Clause 1.2. Bids are being invited for individual lots or
for any combination thereof, provided that all Bids and combinations of Bids shall be
received by the same deadline and opened and evaluated simultaneously so as to
determine the bid or combination of bids offering the lowest calculated cost to the
Procuring Entity. Bid prices quoted shall correspond to all of the requirements specified
for each lot. Bid Security as required by ITB Clause 18 shall be submitted for each
contract (lot) separately. The basis for evaluation of lots is specified in BDS Clause
27.3.

28. Post Qualification

28.1. The BAC shall determine to its satisfaction whether the Bidder that is evaluated as
having submitted the Lowest Calculated Bid complies with and is responsive to all the
requirements and conditions specified in ITB Clauses 5, 12, and 13.

28.2. Within a non-extendible period of five (5) calendar days from receipt by the Bidder of
the notice from the BAC that it submitted the Lowest Calculated Bid, the Bidder shall
submit its latest income and business tax returns filed and paid through the BIR
Electronic Filing and Payment System (eFPS) and other appropriate licenses and
permits required by law and stated in the BDS.

Failure to submit any of the post-qualification requirements on time, or a finding

against the veracity thereof, shall disqualify the Bidder for award. Provided in the event
that a finding against the veracity of any of the documents submitted is made, it shall
cause the forfeiture of the bid security in accordance with Section 69 of the IRR of RA
9184.

28.3. The determination shall be based upon an examination of the documentary evidence of
the Bidder’s qualifications submitted pursuant to ITB Clauses 12 and 13, as well as
other information as the Procuring Entity deems necessary and appropriate, using a
non-discretionary “pass/fail” criterion, which shall be completed within a period of
twelve (12) calendar days.

28.4. If the BAC determines that the Bidder with the Lowest Calculated Bid passes all the
criteria for post-qualification, it shall declare the said bid as the LCRB, and recommend
to the HoPE the award of contract to the said Bidder at its submitted price or its
calculated bid price, whichever is lower, subject to ITB Clause 30.3.

28
 28.5. A negative determination shall result in rejection of the Bidder’s bid, in which event
the Procuring Entity shall proceed to the next Lowest Calculated Bid, with a fresh
period to make a similar determination of that Bidder’s capabilities to perform
satisfactorily. If the second Bidder, however, fails the post qualification, the procedure
for post qualification shall be repeated for the Bidder with the next Lowest Calculated
Bid, and so on until the LCRB is determined for recommendation of contract award.

28.6. Within a period not exceeding fifteen (15) calendar days from the determination by the
BAC of the LCRB and the recommendation to award the contract, the HoPE or his duly
authorized representative shall approve or disapprove the said recommendation.

28.7. In the event of disapproval, which shall be based on valid, reasonable, and justifiable
grounds as provided for under Section 41 of the IRR of RA 9184, the HoPE shall notify
the BAC and the Bidder in writing of such decision and the grounds for it. When
applicable, the BAC shall conduct a post-qualification of the Bidder with the next
Lowest Calculated Bid. A request for reconsideration may be filed by the Bidder with
the HoPE in accordance with Section 37.1.3 of the IRR of RA 9184.

29. Reservation Clause

29.1. Notwithstanding the eligibility or post-qualification of a Bidder, the Procuring Entity
concerned reserves the right to review its qualifications at any stage of the procurement
process if it has reasonable grounds to believe that a misrepresentation has been made
by the said Bidder, or that there has been a change in the Bidder’s capability to
undertake the project from the time it submitted its eligibility requirements. Should
such review uncover any misrepresentation made in the eligibility and bidding
requirements, statements or documents, or any changes in the situation of the Bidder
which will affect its capability to undertake the project so that it fails the preset
eligibility or bid evaluation criteria, the Procuring Entity shall consider the said Bidder
as ineligible and shall disqualify it from submitting a bid or from obtaining an award
or contract.

29.2. Based on the following grounds, the Procuring Entity reserves the right to reject any
and all Bids, declare a Failure of Bidding at any time prior to the contract award, or not
to award the contract, without thereby incurring any liability, and make no assurance
that a contract shall be entered into as a result of the bidding:

(a) If there is prima facie evidence of collusion between appropriate public officers
or employees of the Procuring Entity, or between the BAC and any of the
Bidders, or if the collusion is between or among the Bidders themselves, or
between a Bidder and a third party, including any act which restricts,
suppresses or nullifies or tends to restrict, suppress or nullify competition;

(b) If the Procuring Entity’s BAC is found to have failed in following the
prescribed bidding procedures; or

(c) For any justifiable and reasonable ground where the award of the contract will
not redound to the benefit of the GOP as follows:

(i) If the physical and economic conditions have significantly changed so

as to render the project no longer economically, financially or
technically feasible as determined by the HoPE;

(ii) If the project is no longer necessary as determined by the HoPE; and

29
 (iii) If the source of funds for the project has been withheld or reduced
through no fault of the Procuring Entity.

29.3. In addition, the Procuring Entity may likewise declare a failure of bidding when:

(a) No bids are received;

(b) All prospective Bidders are declared ineligible;

(c) All bids fail to comply with all the bid requirements, fail post-qualification; or

(d) The Bidder with the LCRB refuses, without justifiable cause, to accept the
award of contract, and no award is made in accordance with Section 40 of the
IRR of RA 9184.

F. Award of Contract
30. Contract Award
30.1. Subject to ITB Clause 28, the HoPE or its duly authorized representative shall award
the contract to the Bidder whose bid has been determined to be the LCRB.

30.2. Prior to the expiration of the period of bid validity, the Procuring Entity shall notify the
successful Bidder in writing that its bid has been accepted, through a Notice of Award
duly received by the Bidder or its representative personally or by registered mail or
electronically, receipt of which must be confirmed in writing within two (2) days by
the Bidder with the LCRB and submitted personally or sent by registered mail or
electronically to the Procuring Entity.

30.3. Notwithstanding the issuance of the Notice of Award, award of contract shall be subject
to the following conditions:

(a) Submission of the following documents within ten (10) calendar days from
receipt of the Notice of Award:

(i) In the case of procurement by a Philippine Foreign Service Office or

Post, the PhilGEPS Registration Number of the winning foreign
Bidder; or

(ii) Valid PCAB license and registration for the type and cost of the
contract to be bid for foreign bidders when the Treaty or International
or Executive Agreement expressly allows submission of the PCAB
license and registration for the type and cost of the contract to be bid
as a pre-condition to the Award;

(b) Posting of the performance security in accordance with ITB Clause 32;

(c) Signing of the contract as provided in ITB Clause 31; and

(d) Approval by higher authority, if required, as provided in Section 37.3 of the

IRR of RA 9184.

31. Signing of the Contract

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 31.1. At the same time as the Procuring Entity notifies the successful Bidder that its bid has
been accepted, the Procuring Entity shall send the Contract Form to the Bidder, which
Contract has been provided in the Bidding Documents, incorporating therein all
agreements between the parties.

31.2. Within ten (10) calendar days from receipt of the Notice of Award, the successful
Bidder shall post the required performance security, sign and date the contract and
return it to the Procuring Entity.

31.3. The Procuring Entity shall enter into contract with the successful Bidder within the
same ten (10) calendar day period provided that all the documentary requirements are
complied with.

31.4. The following documents shall form part of the contract:

(a) Contract Agreement;

(b) Bidding Documents;

(c) Winning Bidder’s bid, including the Technical and Financial Proposals, and all
other documents/statements submitted (e.g., Bidder’s response to request for
clarifications on the bid), including corrections to the bid, if any, resulting from
the Procuring Entity’s bid evaluation;

(d) Performance Security;

(e) Notice of Award of Contract; and

(f) Other contract documents that may be required by existing laws and/or
specified in the BDS.

32. Performance Security

32.1. To guarantee the faithful performance by the winning Bidder of its obligations under
the contract, it shall post a performance security within a maximum period of ten (10)
calendar days from the receipt of the Notice of Award from the Procuring Entity and
in no case later than the signing of the contract.

32.2. The Performance Security shall be denominated in Philippine Pesos and posted in favor
of the Procuring Entity in an amount not less than the percentage of the total contract
price in accordance with the following schedule:

Amount of Performance
Security
Form of Performance Security (Not less than the
Percentage of the Total
Contract Price)
(a) Cash or cashier’s/manager’s check issued by a
Universal or Commercial Bank.
(b) Bank draft/guarantee or irrevocable letter of
credit issued by a Universal or Commercial Ten percent (10%)
Bank: Provided, however, that it shall be
confirmed or authenticated by a Universal or
Commercial Bank, if issued by a foreign bank.

31
 (c) Surety bond callable upon demand issued by a
surety or insurance company duly certified by
Thirty percent (30%)
the Insurance Commission as authorized to
issue such security.

32.3. Failure of the successful Bidder to comply with the above-mentioned requirement shall
constitute sufficient ground for the annulment of the award and forfeiture of the bid
security, in which event the Procuring Entity shall have a fresh period to initiate and
complete the post qualification of the second Lowest Calculated Bid. The procedure
shall be repeated until LCRB is identified and selected for recommendation of contract
award. However, if no Bidder passed post-qualification, the BAC shall declare the
bidding a failure and conduct a re-bidding with re-advertisement, if necessary.

33. Notice to Proceed

Within seven (7) calendar days from the date of approval of the Contract by the appropriate
government approving authority, the Procuring Entity shall issue the Notice to Proceed (NTP)
together with a copy or copies of the approved contract to the successful Bidder. All notices
called for by the terms of the contract shall be effective only at the time of receipt thereof by
the successful Bidder.

34. Protest Mechanism

Decision of the procuring entity at any stage of the procurement process may be questioned in
accordance with Sections 55 of the IRR of RA 9184.

32
 Section III. Bid Data Sheet

ITB Clause
1.1 The Procuring Entity is Municipality Local Government Unit of Tuburan, Cebu.

The name of the Contract is Rehabilitation and Improvement of Caridad to Kansi

Farm - to - Market Road.

The identification number of the Contract is PRDP-SU-IB-R007-CEB-004-TUB-

001-2023-FMR.
2 The Funding Source is World Bank through Loan No. 9577-PH in the amount of US
$600,000,000.00.

The name of the Project is Philippine Rural Development Project Scale-Up

Payments by the Foreign Funding Source will be made only at the request of the
PROCURING ENTITY and upon approval by the Funding Source in accordance
with the terms and conditions of the Loan Agreement between the PROCURING
ENTITY and the Funding Source. (hereunder called the “Loan Agreement”).

The Payments will be subject in all respect to the terms and conditions of the Loan
Agreement and the applicable law. No party other than the PROCURING ENTITY
shall derive any rights from the Loan Agreement or have any claim to the funds.
3.1 The World Bank’s Anti-Corruption Policy requires the Borrowers (including
beneficiaries of Bank-financed activity), as well as Bidders, Suppliers, Contractors
and their agents (whether declared or not), sub-contractors, sub-consultants, service
providers or suppliers, and any personnel thereof, observe the highest standard of
ethics during the procurement and execution of Bank-financed contracts. Any action
to influence the procurement process or contract execution for undue advantage is
improper.

In pursuance of this policy, the Bank:

(a) defines, for the purposes of this provision, the terms set forth below as follows:

(i) "corrupt practice" means the offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting,

directly or indirectly, anything of value to influence improperly the actions
of another party. Another party refers to a public official acting in relation to
the procurement process or contract execution. Public official includes
World Bank staff and employees of other organizations taking or reviewing
procurement decisions;

(ii) "fraudulent practice" means any act or omission, including a

misrepresentation, that knowingly or recklessly misleads, or attempts to
mislead, a party to obtain a financial or other benefit or to avoid an
obligation. The term "party" refers to a public official; the terms "benefit"
and "obligations" relate to the procurement process or contract execution;
and the "act or omission" is intended to influence the procurement process
or contract execution;

(iii) "coercive practice" means impairing or harming, or threatening to impair

or harm, directly or indirectly, any party or the property of the party to

33
 influence improperly the actions of a party. The term "party" refers to a
participant in the procurement process or contract execution;

(iv) "collusive practice" means an arrangement between two or more parties

designed to achieve an improper purpose, including influencing improperly
the actions of another party. The term "parties" refers to participants in the
procurement process (including public officials) attempting either
themselves, or through another person or entity not participating in the
procurement or selection process, to simulate competition or establish bid
prices at artificial, noncompetitive levels, or are privy to each other's bid
prices or other conditions;

(v) "obstructive practice" is

(aa) deliberately destroying, falsifying, altering, or concealing of evidence

material to the investigation or making false statements to investigators in
order to materially impede a Bank investigation into allegations of a corrupt,
fraudulent, coercive or collusive practice; and/or threatening, harassing or
intimidating any party to prevent it from disclosing its knowledge of matters
relevant to the investigation or from pursuing the investigation, or

(bb) acts intended to materially impede the exercise of the Bank's inspection
and audit rights provided for under paragraph (e) below.

(b) will reject a proposal for award if it determines that the Bidder recommended for
award, or any of its personnel, or its agents, or its sub-consultants, sub-contractors,
service providers, suppliers and/or their employees, has, directly or indirectly,
engaged in corrupt, fraudulent, collusive, coercive, or obstructive practices or other
integrity violations in competing for the Contract in question

(c) will declare mis-procurement and cancel the portion of the financing allocated to
a contract if it determines at any time that representatives of the Borrower or of a
recipient of any part of the proceeds of the financing engaged in corrupt, fraudulent,
collusive, coercive, or obstructive practices during the procurement or the
implementation of the contract in question, without the Borrower having taken timely
and appropriate action satisfactory to Bank to address such practices when they
occur, including by failing to inform the Bank in a timely manner at the time they
knew of the practices;

(d) will sanction a firm or an individual, at any time, in accordance with the
prevailing Bank's sanctions procedures, including by publicly declaring such firm or
individual ineligible, either indefinitely or for a stated period of time: (i) to be
awarded a Bank-financed contract; and (ii) to be a nominated sub-contractor,
consultant, manufacturer or supplier, or service provider (different names are used
depending on the particular bidding document) is one which has either been (i)
included by the bidder in its pre-qualification application or bid because it brings
specific and critical experience and know-how that allow the bidder to meet the
qualification requirements for the particular bid; or (ii) appointed by the Borrower.
A firm or individual may be declared ineligible to be awarded a Bank financed
contract upon (i) completion of the Bank's sanctions proceedings as per its sanctions
procedures, including, inter alia, cross debarment as agreed with other International
Financial Institutions, including Multilateral Development Banks, and through the
application of the World Bank Group corporate administrative procurement
sanctions procedures for fraud and corruption; and (ii) as a result of temporary
suspension or early temporary suspension in connection with an ongoing sanctions

34
 proceeding. See footnote 14 and paragraph 8 of Appendix 1 of the World Bank
Guidelines for Procurement of Goods, Works, and Non-Consulting Services;

(e) will require that a clause be included in bidding documents and in contracts
financed by a Bank loan or grant, requiring bidders, suppliers and contractors, and
their sub-contractors, agents, personnel, consultants, service providers, or suppliers
to permit Bank to inspect all accounts and records and other documents relating to
the submission of bids and contract performance, and to have them audited by
auditors appointed by Bank.
5.1 The Financing Agreement provides that procurement shall follow the Bank’s
Procurement Regulations and Section 3.21 thereof permits the participation of firm
from all countries except for those mentioned in Section 3.23 thereof.
5.2 Foreign bidders may participate in this Project as provided for in the financing
agreement which provides that procurement shall follow the Bank’s Procurement
Regulations and Section 3.21 thereof permits the participation of firm from all
countries except for those mentioned in Section 3.23 thereof.
5.4 To be considered eligible and qualified, a Bidder must have:
- A successful experience as prime contractor in the construction of at least one (1)
work of a nature and complexity equivalent to the Works to be bid generally within
the last ten (10) years (to comply with this requirement), single works cited should
be at least fifty percent (50%) of value of estimated contract cost of Works to be bid
in the amount of:
If not Joint Venture If Joint Venture
Amount of One work Amount of One work
Amount of One work
Name of Subproject of a nature and of a nature and
of a nature and
complexity of at least complexity of at least
complexity of at least
50% of the EPC for 25% of the EPC for
50% of the EPC
one partner the rest of the partners
Rehabilitation and
Improvement of
Caridad to Kansi PhP 178,811,000.00 PhP 178,811,000.00 PhP 89,405,500.00
Farm-to-Market Road
supported with copy of Contract and Certificate of Completion; and
- An average annual turnover of Construction Income for the last three (3) years equal
or greater than one hundred percent (100%) of the estimated value of the contract to
be bid, in the amount of at least:
If not Joint Venture If Joint Venture
Amount of Average
Amount of Average Amount of Average
Name of Subproject Annual Turn-over of
Annual Turn-over of Annual Turn-over of at
at least 50% of the
at least 100% of the least 100% of the EPC
EPC for the rest of
EPC for one partner
the partners
Rehabilitation and
Improvement of
Caridad to Kansi PhP 357,622,000.00 PhP 357,622,000.00 PhP 178,811,000.00
Farm-to-Market Road
as evidenced by the audited financial statements for the last three (3) years stamped
“Received” by the BIR [with supporting Income Tax Return stamped “Received” by
the BIR or its duly accredited and authorized institutions or eBIR Tax Return Receipt
Confirmation (if submitted through eBIR), and eFPS/validated bank deposit slip
payment].

35
 For this purpose, similar contracts shall refer to Construction/Rehabilitation of
Concrete Road.
5.5 Not mandatory.
8.1 Subcontracting is allowed.
There is no restriction on the involvement of general sub-contractors in the areas of
manual and semi-skilled labor or construction materials provided that the contractor
undertakes not less than fifty percent (50%) of the contracted works with its own
resources.
8.2 To be considered eligible and qualified a subcontractor must have a successful
experience as contractor in the construction of at least one (1) work of a nature and
complexity equivalent to the scope of works to be subcontracted, generally within the
last ten (10) years.
9.1 The Date, Time, and Venue of the Pre-Bid Conference is:
April 29, 2025 at 10:00 AM
LGU Tuburan Conference Hall, 3rd Floor Pob. 4, Tuburan, Cebu with invitation
link bit.ly/PRDP-SU_PRE-BID_TUBURAN-CEBU-FMR which shall be open to all
interested parties.

10.1 The Procuring Entity’s address is:

Municipal Local Government Unit of Tuburan, Cebu
Municipal Hall Building, Tuburan, Cebu
10.4 No further instruction.
12.1 During Bid opening, if the first bid envelope lacks any of the following requirements
that are historical information, these can be clarified following Section II, ITB Clause
26. If the first bid envelope lacks the Bid Securing Declaration, the bid shall be
declared non-responsive.

The first envelope shall contain the following eligibility and technical documents:

a. Eligibility Requirements

i. Registration Certification of the Company or (from SEC or DTI or CDA);

ii. Statement of the bidder’s Single Largest Completed Contract (SLCC)

similar to the contract under bid and Average Annual Turnover, as specified
in ITB Clause 5.4;

iii. Audited Financial Statements for the last three (3) years [with supporting
Income Tax Return stamped “received” by BIR or its duly accredited and
authorized institutions or eBIR Tax Return Receipt Confirmation (if
submitted through eBIR), and eFPS/validated bank deposit slip payment];

iv. In case of Joint Venture, a duly notarized Joint Venture Agreement and a
copy of the duly accomplished application form for Special License of the
Joint Venture filed with the PCAB, or a copy of the Special License of the
Joint Venture if already issued.

b. Technical Documents

36
 v. Project Requirements, to include the following:

(v.1) List of Bidder’s personnel: one (1) Project Manager, one (1)
Project Engineer, and one (1) Materials Engineer II to be assigned to the
contract to be bid, with their complete qualifications and experience data;
and

(v.2) List of Bidder’s major and critical equipment units which are owned
and are supported by proof of ownership, such as, but not limited to, Deed
of Sale, Official Receipt, Certificate of Registration, Sales Invoice, Charge
Invoice or Delivery Receipt, which must meet the minimum requirement for
the contract set in the BDS 12.1(b)(ii.3)

vi. Bid Securing Declaration as required in ITB 18.1;

Foreign bidders may submit the equivalent documents, if any, issued by the country
of the foreign bidder.
12.1(a)(iii) Foreign bidders may submit their valid Philippine Contractors Accreditation Board
(PCAB) license or special PCAB License in case of joint ventures, and registration
for the type and cost of the contract for this Project as a pre-condition for award as
provided in the Financing Agreement, and ITB Clause Nos. 12.1(b)(ii.2) and
12.1(b)(ii.3)
12.1(b)(ii.2) The minimum work experience requirements for key personnel:
General
Key Personnel Relevant Experience
Experience
Minimum of five (5) years of relevant
1. Project Licensed Civil
work experience as Project Manager in
Manager (PM) Engineer
road construction
Minimum of two (2) road construction
Minimum of
projects handled as Project Engineer with
five (5) years of
a value of at least twenty percent (20%)
2. Project experience as
of the EPC (to be supported with
Engineer (PE) licensed
certified true and correct bio-data
Civil/Agricultur
indicating the description and cost of the
al Engineer
projects handled).
Duly accredited by DPWH as Materials
3. Materials Licensed Civil
Engineer II following DPWH D.O. 98,
Engineer (ME) Engineer
Series of 2016.
(The complete list of required technical personnel as per POW shall be discussed
during the Pre-Construction Conference)
12.1(b)(ii.3) Minimum required equipment:
Minimum Required Equipment Owned Leased
1. Bulldozer, capacity 155 Hp 1 2
2. Backhoe, 0.80 cu.m. 1 4
3. Backhoe with Pavement Breaker 1 -
4. Payloader 1.50 cu.m. 1 2
5. Road Grader, 140 Hp 1 1
6. Vibratory Compactor Single Smooth Drum, 1 1
capacity 10MT
7. Batching Plant - 1

37
 List of Bidder’s major and critical equipment units, which are OWNED, and are
supported by proof of ownership, such as, but not limited to, Deed of Sale, Official
Receipt, Certificate of Registration, Sales Invoice, Charge Invoice or Delivery
Receipt, which must meet the minimum requirement for the contract set in the Bid
Data Sheet.
(The complete list of required equipment as per POW shall be discussed during the
Pre-Construction Conference)
13.1 No further instruction.
13.2(a) & (b) There is no ceiling for Financial Proposals.
14.2 No further instruction.
15.4 No further instruction.
16.1 The bid prices shall be quoted in Philippine Pesos.
16.3 No further instruction.
17.1 Bids will be valid until ninety (90) calendar days from bid opening date.
18.1 The bid security shall be in the form of a Bid Securing Declaration.
18.2 The bid security shall be valid until one hundred twenty (120) calendar days from
the date set for Bid opening.
19.2 Substance over the form is considered.
20.3 Each Bidder shall submit:
- one (1) original; and
- four (4) copies of the first and second components of its bid
- electronic copy of the bid should also be submitted in PDF file format in a flash
drive
Should there be discrepancies, the original copy would prevail.
21 The address for Submission of Bids is at the LGU Tuburan Conference Hall, 3rd
Floor Pob. 4, Tuburan, Cebu.

The deadline for Submission of Bids is May 14, 2025 at 10:00 AM

24.1
The SBAC shall open the bids in public on May 14, 2025 at 10:00 AM at the LGU
Tuburan Conference Hall, 3rd Floor Pob. 4, Tuburan, Cebu with invitation link
bit.ly/PRDP-SU_BID-OPENING_TUBURAN-CEBU-FMR.

The time for the bid opening shall be the same as the deadline for receipt of bids or
promptly thereafter. Rescheduling the date of the opening of bids shall not be
considered except for force majeure, such as natural calamities. In re-scheduling the
opening of bids, the SBAC shall issue a Notice of Postponement to be posted at the
PhilGEPS’ and the Procuring Entity’s websites.
24.2 During Bid opening, if the first envelope lacks any of the requirements that are
historical information, as listed in Section III-BDS, Clause 12.1, these can be
clarified following Section II-ITB, Clause 26. If the first bid envelope lacks the Bid
Securing Declaration, the bid shall be declared non-responsive but the documents
shall be kept by the Procuring Entity.

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24.3 The financial proposals in the second envelope of all the bidders shall be read for
record purposes. The first and second envelopes shall not be returned to the bidders.
27.4 No financial ceiling.
28.2 None
28.4 The Financing Agreement provides that procurement shall follow the Bank’s
Procurement Regulations and Annex X 2.3(i) thereof provides that the amount of the
award of contract to the bidder with the Lowest Calculated Responsive Bid (LCRB)
shall be at its adjusted Bid Price.
31.4(f) The other documents required are:
1) Construction schedule
2) S-Curve
3) Manpower schedule
4) Construction methods
5) Equipment Utilization schedule
6) Construction Safety and Health program approved by the Department of
Labor and Employment; and
7) PERT/CPM.
32.2 In times of declaration of state of emergency/calamity, to allow submission of the
following (until revoked/lifted) the following documents:
1. Performance Security Declaration (PSD) in lieu of a performance security to
guarantee the winning bidder’s faithful performance of obligations under the
contract, subject to the following:
a. Similar to the PSD used in Framework Agreement, such declaration shall
state, among others, that the winning bidder shall be blacklisted from being
qualified to participate in any government procurement activity for one (1)
year, in case of first offense or two (2) years, if with prior similar offense, in
the event it violates any of the conditions stated in the contract.
b. An un-notarized PSD may be accepted, subject to submission of a notarized
PSD before payment, unless the same is replaced with a performance security
in the prescribed form, as stated below; and
c. The end-user may require the winning bidder to replace the submitted PSD
with a performance security in any of the prescribed forms under Section 39.2
of the 2016 revised IRR of RA No. 9184 upon lifting of the State of Calamity.

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 Section IV. General Conditions of Contract

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. DEFINITIONS................................................................................................................................. 42
2. INTERPRETATION ......................................................................................................................... 44
3. GOVERNING LANGUAGE AND LAW ............................................................................................ 44
4. COMMUNICATIONS ...................................................................................................................... 44
5. POSSESSION OF SITE .................................................................................................................... 45
6. THE CONTRACTOR’S OBLIGATIONS ........................................................................................... 45
7. PERFORMANCE SECURITY .......................................................................................................... 46
8. SUBCONTRACTING ....................................................................................................................... 47
9. LIQUIDATED DAMAGES ............................................................................................................... 47
10. SITE INVESTIGATION REPORTS .................................................................................................. 47
11. THE PROCURING ENTITY, LICENSES AND PERMITS .................................................................. 47
12. CONTRACTOR’S RISK AND WARRANTY SECURITY ................................................................... 48
13. LIABILITY OF THE CONTRACTOR ............................................................................................... 49
14. PROCURING ENTITY’S RISK ........................................................................................................ 50
15. INSURANCE ................................................................................................................................... 50
16. TERMINATION FOR DEFAULT OF CONTRACTOR ....................................................................... 51
17. TERMINATION FOR DEFAULT OF PROCURING ENTITY ............................................................. 52
18. TERMINATION FOR OTHER CAUSES ........................................................................................... 52
19. PROCEDURES FOR TERMINATION OF CONTRACTS ................................................................... 53
20. FORCE MAJEURE, RELEASE FROM PERFORMANCE ................................................................. 56
21. RESOLUTION OF DISPUTES .......................................................................................................... 56
22. SUSPENSION OF LOAN, CREDIT, GRANT, OR APPROPRIATION ................................................. 57
23. PROCURING ENTITY’S REPRESENTATIVE’S DECISIONS ........................................................... 57
24. APPROVAL OF DRAWINGS AND TEMPORARY WORKS BY THE PROCURING ENTITY’S
REPRESENTATIVE ........................................................................................................................ 57
25. ACCELERATION AND DELAYS ORDERED BY THE PROCURING ENTITY’S
REPRESENTATIVE ........................................................................................................................ 57
26. EXTENSION OF THE INTENDED COMPLETION DATE ................................................................. 58
27. RIGHT TO VARY ........................................................................................................................... 58
28. CONTRACTORS RIGHT TO CLAIM .............................................................................................. 58
29. DAYWORKS................................................................................................................................... 58
30. EARLY WARNING ......................................................................................................................... 59

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31. PROGRAM OF WORK ................................................................................................................... 59
32. MANAGEMENT CONFERENCES ................................................................................................... 59
33. BILL OF QUANTITIES ................................................................................................................... 60
34. INSTRUCTIONS, INSPECTIONS AND AUDITS ................................................................................ 60
35. IDENTIFYING DEFECTS ................................................................................................................ 60
36. COST OF REPAIRS ........................................................................................................................ 60
37. CORRECTION OF DEFECTS .......................................................................................................... 60
38. UNCORRECTED DEFECTS ............................................................................................................ 61
39. ADVANCE PAYMENT .................................................................................................................... 61
40. PROGRESS PAYMENTS ................................................................................................................. 61
41. PAYMENT CERTIFICATES ............................................................................................................ 62
42. RETENTION................................................................................................................................... 62
43. VARIATION ORDERS .................................................................................................................... 63
44. CONTRACT COMPLETION ........................................................................................................... 64
45. SUSPENSION OF WORK ................................................................................................................ 65
46. PAYMENT ON TERMINATION....................................................................................................... 65
47. EXTENSION OF CONTRACT TIME................................................................................................ 66
48. PRICE ADJUSTMENT .................................................................................................................... 67
49. COMPLETION ............................................................................................................................... 67
50. TAKING OVER .............................................................................................................................. 67
51. OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUALS .............................................................................. 67

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1. Definitions
For purposes of this Clause, boldface type is used to identify defined terms.

1.1. The Arbiter is the person appointed jointly by the Procuring Entity and the Contractor
to resolve disputes in the first instance, as provided for in GCC Clause 21.

1.2. Bill of Quantities refers to a list of the specific items of the Work and their
corresponding unit prices, lump sums, and/or provisional sums.

1.3. The Completion Date is the date of completion of the Works as certified by the
Procuring Entity’s Representative, in accordance with GCC Clause 49.

1.4. The Contract is the contract between the Procuring Entity and the Contractor to
execute, complete, and maintain the Works.

1.5 The Contract Effectivity Date is the date of signing of the Contract. However, the
contractor shall commence execution of the Works on the Start Date as defined in GCC
Clause 1.28.

1.6 The Contract Price is the price stated in the Notice of Award and thereafter to be paid
by the Procuring Entity to the Contractor for the execution of the Works in accordance
with this Contract

1.7 Contract Time Extension is the allowable period for the Contractor to complete the
Works in addition to the original Completion Date stated in this Contract.

1.8 The Contractor is the juridical entity whose proposal has been accepted by the
Procuring Entity and to whom the Contract to execute the Work was awarded.

1.9 The Contractor’s Bid is the signed offer or proposal submitted by the Contractor to
the Procuring Entity in response to the Bidding Documents.

1.10 Days are calendar days; months are calendar months.

1.11 Dayworks are varied work inputs subject to payment on a time basis for the
Contractor’s employees and Equipment, in addition to payments for associated
Materials and Plant.

1.12 A Defect is any part of the Works not completed in accordance with the Contract.

1.13 The Defects Liability Certificate is the certificate issued by Procuring Entity’s
Representative upon correction of defects by the Contractor.

1.14 The Defects Liability Period is the one-year period between contract completion and
final acceptance within which the Contractor assumes the responsibility to undertake
the repair of any damage to the Works at his own expense.

1.15 Drawings are graphical presentations of the Works. They include all supplementary
details, shop drawings, calculations, and other information provided or approved for
the execution of this Contract.

1.16 Equipment refers to all facilities, supplies, appliances, materials or things required for
the execution and completion of the Work provided by the Contractor and which shall
not form or are not intended to form part of the Permanent Works.

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1.17 The Intended Completion Date refers to the date specified in the SCC when the
Contractor is expected to have completed the Works. The Intended Completion Date
may be revised only by the Procuring Entity’s Representative by issuing an extension
of time or an acceleration order.

1.18 Materials are all supplies, including consumables, used by the Contractor for
incorporation in the Works.

1.19 The Notice to Proceed is a written notice issued by the Procuring Entity or the
Procuring Entity’s Representative to the Contractor requiring the latter to begin the
commencement of the work not later than a specified or determinable date.

1.20 Permanent Works are all permanent structures and all other project features and
facilities required to be constructed and completed in accordance with this

1.21 Contract which shall be delivered to the Procuring Entity and which shall remain at the
Site after the removal of all Temporary Works.

1.21 Plant refers to the machinery, apparatus, and the like intended to form an integral part
of the Permanent Works.

1.22 The Procuring Entity is the party who employs the Contractor to carry out the Works
stated in the SCC.

1.23 The Procuring Entity’s Representative refers to the Head of the Procuring Entity or
his duly authorized representative, identified in the SCC, who shall be responsible for
supervising the execution of the Works and administering this Contract.

1.24 The Site is the place provided by the Procuring Entity where the Works shall be
executed and any other place or places which may be designated in the SCC, or notified
to the Contractor by the Procuring Entity’s Representative as forming part of the Site.

1.25 Site Investigation Reports are those that were included in the Bidding Documents and
are factual and interpretative reports about the surface and subsurface conditions at the
Site.

1.26 Slippage is a delay in work execution occurring when actual accomplishment falls
below the target as measured by the difference between the scheduled and actual
accomplishment of the Work by the Contractor as established from the work schedule.
This is actually described as a percentage of the whole Works.

1.27 Specifications mean the description of Works to be done and the qualities of materials
to be used, the equipment to be installed and the mode of construction.

1.28 The Start Date, as specified in the SCC, is the date when the Contractor is obliged to
commence execution of the Works. It does not necessarily coincide with any of the
Site Possession Dates.

1.29 A Subcontractor is any person or organization to whom a part of the Works has been
subcontracted by the Contractor, as allowed by the Procuring Entity, but not any
assignee of such person.

1.30 Temporary Works are works designed, constructed, installed, and removed by the
Contractor that are needed for construction or installation of the Permanent Works.

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 1.31 Work(s)refer to the Permanent Works and Temporary Works to be executed by the
Contractor in accordance with this Contract, including (i) the furnishing of all labor,
materials, equipment and others incidental, necessary or convenient to the complete
execution of the Works; (ii) the passing of any tests before acceptance by the Procuring
Entity’s Representative; (iii) and the carrying out of all duties and obligations of the
Contractor imposed by this Contract as described in the SCC.

2. Interpretation
2.1. In interpreting the Conditions of Contract, singular also means plural, male also means
female or neuter, and the other way around. Headings have no significance. Words
have their normal meaning under the language of this Contract unless specifically
defined. The Procuring Entity’s Representative will provide instructions clarifying
queries about the Conditions of Contract.

2.2. If sectional completion is specified in the SCC, references in the Conditions of Contract
to the Works, the Completion Date, and the Intended Completion Date apply to any
Section of the Works (other than references to the Completion Date and Intended
Completion Date for the whole of the Works).

2.3. The documents forming this Contract shall be interpreted in the following order of
priority:

a) Contract Agreement;

b) Bid Data Sheet;

c) Instructions to Bidders;

d) Addenda to the Bidding Documents;

e) Special Conditions of Contract;

f) General Conditions of Contract;

g) Specifications;

h) Bill of Quantities; and

i) Drawings.

3. Governing Language and Law

3.1. This Contract has been executed in the English language, which shall be the binding
and controlling language for all matters relating to the meaning or interpretation of this
Contract. All correspondence and other documents pertaining to this Contract which
are exchanged by the parties shall be written in English.

3.2. This Contract shall be interpreted in accordance with the laws of the Republic of the
Philippines.

4. Communications
Communications between parties that are referred to in the Conditions shall be effective only
when in writing. A notice shall be effective only when it is received by the concerned party.

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5. Possession of Site
5.1. On the date specified in the SCC, the Procuring Entity shall grant the Contractor
possession of so much of the Site as may be required to enable it to proceed with the
execution of the Works. If the Contractor suffers delay or incurs cost from failure on
the part of the Procuring Entity to give possession in accordance with the terms of this
clause, the Procuring Entity’s Representative shall give the Contractor a Contract Time
Extension and certify such sum as fair to cover the cost incurred, which sum shall be
paid by Procuring Entity.

5.2. If possession of a portion is not given by the date stated in the SCC Clause 5.1, the
Procuring Entity will be deemed to have delayed the start of the relevant activities. The
resulting adjustments in contract time to address such delay shall be in accordance with
GCC Clause 47.

5.3. The Contractor shall bear all costs and charges for special or temporary right-of-way
required by it in connection with access to the Site. The Contractor shall also provide
at his own cost any additional facilities outside the Site required by it for purposes of
the Works.

5.4. The Contractor shall allow the Procuring Entity’s Representative and any person
authorized by the Procuring Entity’s Representative access to the Site and to any place
where work in connection with this Contract is being carried out or is intended to be
carried out.

6. The Contractor’s Obligations

6.1. The Contractor shall carry out the Works properly and in accordance with this Contract.
The Contractor shall provide all supervision, labor, Materials, Plant and Contractor's
Equipment, which may be required. All Materials and Plant on Site shall be deemed to
be the property of the Procuring Entity.

6.2. The Contractor shall commence execution of the Works on the Start Date and shall
carry out the Works in accordance with the Program of Work submitted by the
Contractor, as updated with the approval of the Procuring Entity’s Representative, and
complete them by the Intended Completion Date.

6.3. The Contractor shall be responsible for the safety of all activities on the Site.

6.4. The Contractor shall carry out all instructions of the Procuring Entity’s Representative
that comply with the applicable laws where the Site is located.

6.5. The Contractor shall employ the key personnel named in the Schedule of Key
Personnel, as referred to in the SCC, to carry out the supervision of the Works. The
Procuring Entity will approve any proposed replacement of key personnel only if their
relevant qualifications and abilities are equal to or better than those of the personnel
listed in the Schedule.

6.6. If the Procuring Entity’s Representative asks the Contractor to remove a member of the
Contractor’s staff or work force, for justifiable cause, the Contractor shall ensure that
the person leaves the Site within seven (7) days and has no further connection with the
Work in this Contract.

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 6.7. During Contract implementation, the Contractor and his subcontractors shall abide at
all times by all labor laws, including child labor related enactments, and other relevant
rules.

6.8. The Contractor shall submit to the Procuring Entity for consent the name and
particulars of the person authorized to receive instructions on behalf of the Contractor.

6.9. The Contractor shall cooperate and share the Site with other contractors, public
authorities, utilities, and the Procuring Entity between the dates given in the schedule
of other contractors particularly when they shall require access to the Site. The
Contractor shall also provide facilities and services for them during this period. The
Procuring Entity may modify the schedule of other contractors, and shall notify the
Contractor of any such modification thereto.

6.10. Should anything of historical or other interest or of significant value be unexpectedly

discovered on the Site, it shall be the property of the Procuring Entity. The Contractor
shall notify the Procuring Entity’s Representative of such discoveries and carry out the
Procuring Entity’s Representative’s instructions in dealing with them.

7. Performance Security
7.1. Within ten (10) calendar days from receipt of the Notice of Award from the Procuring
Entity but in no case later than the signing of the contract by both parties, the Contractor
shall furnish the performance security in any of the forms prescribed in ITB Clause
32.2.

7.2. The performance security posted in favor of the Procuring Entity shall be forfeited in
the event it is established that the Contractor is in default in any of its obligations under
the Contract.

7.3. The performance security shall remain valid until issuance by the Procuring Entity of
the Certificate of Final Acceptance.

7.4. The performance security may be released by the Procuring Entity and returned to the
Contractor after the issuance of the Certificate of Final Acceptance subject to the
following conditions:

(a) There are no pending claims against the Contractor or the surety company filed
by the Procuring Entity;

(b) The Contractor has no pending claims for labor and materials filed against it;
and

(c) Other terms specified in the SCC.

7.5. The Contractor shall post an additional performance security following the amount and
form specified in ITB Clause 32.2 to cover any cumulative increase of more than ten
percent (10%) over the original value of the contract as a result of amendments to order
or change orders, extra work orders and supplemental agreements, as the case may be.
The Contractor shall cause the extension of the validity of the performance security to
cover approved contract time extensions.

7.6. In case of a reduction in the contract value or for partially completed Works under the
contract which are usable and accepted by the Procuring Entity the use of which, in the
judgment of the implementing agency or the Procuring Entity, will not affect the

46
 structural integrity of the entire project, the Procuring Entity shall allow a proportional
reduction in the original performance security, provided that any such reduction is more
than ten percent (10%) and that the aggregate of such reductions is not more than fifty
percent (50%) of the original performance security.

7.7. Unless otherwise indicated in the SCC, the Contractor, by entering into the Contract
with the Procuring Entity, acknowledges the right of the Procuring Entity to institute
action pursuant to Act 3688 against any subcontractor be they an individual, firm,
partnership, corporation, or association supplying the Contractor with labor, materials
and/or equipment for the performance of this Contract.

8. Subcontracting
8.1. Unless otherwise indicated in the SCC, the Contractor cannot subcontract Works more
than the percentage specified in BDS Clause 8.1.

8.2. Subcontracting of any portion of the Works does not relieve the Contractor of any
liability or obligation under this Contract. The Contractor will be responsible for the
acts, defaults, and negligence of any subcontractor, its agents, servants or workmen as
fully as if these were the Contractor’s own acts, defaults, or negligence, or those of its
agents, servants or workmen.

8.3. If subcontracting is allowed. The contractor may identify its subcontractor during
contract implementation stage. Subcontractors disclosed and identified during the
bidding may be changed during the implementation of this Contract. In either case,
subcontractors must submit the documentary requirements under ITB Clause 12 and
comply with the eligibility criteria specified in the BDS. In the event that any
subcontractor is found by any Procuring Entity to be eligible, the subcontracting of
such portion of the Works shall be disallowed.

9. Liquidated Damages
9.1. The Contractor shall pay liquidated damages to the Procuring Entity for each day that
the Completion Date is later than the Intended Completion Date. The applicable
liquidated damages is at least one-tenth (1/10) of a percent of the cost of the
unperformed portion for every day of delay. The total amount of liquidated damages
shall not exceed ten percent (10%) of the amount of the contract. The Procuring Entity
may deduct liquidated damages from payments due to the Contractor. Payment of
liquidated damages shall not affect the Contractor’s liabilities. Once the cumulative
amount of liquidated damages reaches ten percent (10%) of the amount of this Contract,
the Procuring Entity may rescind or terminate this Contract, without prejudice to other
courses of action and remedies available under the circumstances.

9.2. If the Intended Completion Date is extended after liquidated damages have been paid,
the Engineer of the Procuring Entity shall correct any overpayment of liquidated
damages by the Contractor by adjusting the next payment certificate.

10. Site Investigation Reports

The Contractor, in preparing the Bid, shall rely on any Site Investigation Reports referred to in
the SCC supplemented by any information obtained by the Contractor.

11. The Procuring Entity, Licenses and Permits

47
 The Procuring Entity shall, if requested by the Contractor, assist him in applying for permits,
licenses or approvals, which are required for the Works.

12. Contractor’s Risk and Warranty Security

12.1. The Contractor shall assume full responsibility for the Works from the time project
construction commenced up to final acceptance by the Procuring Entity and shall be
held responsible for any damage or destruction of the Works except those occasioned
by force majeure. The Contractor shall be fully responsible for the safety, protection,
security, and convenience of his personnel, third parties, and the public at large, as well
as the Works, Equipment, installation, and the like to be affected by his construction
work.

12.2. The defects liability period for infrastructure projects shall be one year from contract
completion up to final acceptance by the Procuring Entity. During this period, the
Contractor shall undertake the repair works, at his own expense, of any damage to the
Works on account of the use of materials of inferior quality within ninety (90) days
from the time the HoPE has issued an order to undertake repair. In case of failure or
refusal to comply with this mandate, the Procuring Entity shall undertake such repair
works and shall be entitled to full reimbursement of expenses incurred therein upon
demand.

12.3. Unless otherwise indicated in the SCC, in case the Contractor fails to comply with the
preceding paragraph, the Procuring Entity shall forfeit its performance security, subject
its property(ies) to attachment or garnishment proceedings, and perpetually disqualify
it from participating in any public bidding. All payables of the GoP in his favor shall
be offset to recover the costs.

12.4. After final acceptance of the Works by the Procuring Entity, the Contractor shall be
held responsible for “Structural Defects,” i.e., major faults/flaws/deficiencies in one or
more key structural elements of the project which may lead to structural failure of the
completed elements or structure, or “Structural Failures,” i.e., where one or more key
structural elements in an infrastructure facility fails or collapses, thereby rendering the
facility or part thereof incapable of withstanding the design loads, and/or endangering
the safety of the users or the general public:

(a) Contractor – Where Structural Defects/Failures arise due to faults attributable

to improper construction, use of inferior quality/substandard materials, and any
violation of the contract plans and specifications, the contractor shall be held
liable;

(b) Consultants – Where Structural Defects/Failures arise due to faulty and/or

inadequate design and specifications as well as construction supervision, then
the consultant who prepared the design or undertook construction supervision
for the project shall be held liable;

(c) Procuring Entity’s Representatives/Project Manager/Construction Managers

and Supervisors – The project owner’s representative(s), project manager,
construction manager, and supervisor(s) shall be held liable in cases where the
Structural Defects/Failures are due to his/their willful intervention in altering
the designs and other specifications; negligence or omission in not approving
or acting on proposed changes to noted defects or deficiencies in the design
and/or specifications; and the use of substandard construction materials in the
project;

48
 (d) Third Parties - Third Parties shall be held liable in cases where Structural
Defects/Failures are caused by work undertaken by them such as leaking pipes,
diggings or excavations, underground cables and electrical wires, underground
tunnel, mining shaft and the like, in which case the applicable warranty to such
structure should be levied to third parties for their construction or restoration
works.

(e) Users - In cases where Structural Defects/Failures are due to abuse/misuse by

the end user of the constructed facility and/or non–compliance by a user with
the technical design limits and/or intended purpose of the same, then the user
concerned shall be held liable.

12.5. The warranty against Structural Defects/Failures, except those occasioned on force
majeure, shall cover the period specified in the SCC reckoned from the date of issuance
of the Certificate of Final Acceptance by the Procuring Entity.

12.6. The Contractor shall be required to put up a warranty security in the form of cash, bank
guarantee, letter of credit, GSIS or surety bond callable on demand, in accordance with
the following schedule:

Amount of Warranty Security

Form of Warranty Not less than the Percentage (%)
of Total Contract Price
(a) Cash or letter of credit issued by
Universal or Commercial bank:
provided, however, that the letter of
Five Percent (5%)
credit shall be confirmed or authenticated
by a Universal or Commercial bank, if
issued by a foreign bank
(b) Bank guarantee confirmed by Universal
or Commercial bank: provided, however,
that the letter of credit shall be confirmed
Ten Percent (10%)
or authenticated by a Universal or
Commercial bank, if issued by a foreign
bank
(c) Surety bond callable upon demand issued
by GSIS or any surety or insurance
Thirty Percent (30%)
company duly certified by the Insurance
Commission

12.7. The warranty security shall be stated in Philippine Pesos and shall remain effective for
one year from the date of issuance of the Certificate of Final Acceptance by the
Procuring Entity, and returned only after the lapse of said one year period.

12.8. In case of structural defects/failure occurring during the applicable warranty period
provided in GCC Clause 12.5, the Procuring Entity shall undertake the necessary
restoration or reconstruction works and shall be entitled to full reimbursement by the
parties found to be liable for expenses incurred therein upon demand, without prejudice
to the filing of appropriate administrative, civil, and/or criminal charges against the
responsible persons as well as the forfeiture of the warranty security posted in favor of
the Procuring Entity.

13. Liability of the Contractor

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 Subject to additional provisions, if any, set forth in the SCC, the Contractor’s liability under
this Contract shall be as provided by the laws of the Republic of the Philippines.

14. Procuring Entity’s Risk

14.1. From the Start Date until the Certificate of Final Acceptance has been issued, the
following are risks of the Procuring Entity:

(a) The risk of personal injury, death, or loss of or damage to property (excluding
the Works, Plant, Materials, and Equipment), which are due to:

(i) any type of use or occupation of the Site authorized by the Procuring
Entity after the official acceptance of the works; or

(ii) negligence, breach of statutory duty, or interference with any legal

right by the Procuring Entity or by any person employed by or
contracted to him except the Contractor.

(b) The risk of damage to the Works, Plant, Materials, and Equipment to the extent
that it is due to a fault of the Procuring Entity or in the Procuring Entity’s
design, or due to war or radioactive contamination directly affecting the
country where the Works are to be executed.

15. Insurance
15.1. The Contractor shall, under his name and at his own expense, obtain and maintain, for
the duration of this Contract, the following insurance coverage:

(a) Contractor’s All Risk Insurance;

(b) Transportation to the project Site of Equipment, Machinery, and Supplies

owned by the Contractor;

(c) Personal injury or death of Contractor’s employees; and

(d) Comprehensive insurance for third party liability to Contractor’s direct or

indirect act or omission causing damage to third persons.

15.2. The Contractor shall provide evidence to the Procuring Entity’s Representative that the
insurances required under this Contract have been effected and shall, within a
reasonable time, provide copies of the insurance policies to the Procuring Entity’s
Representative. Such evidence and such policies shall be provided to the Procuring
Entity’s through the Procuring Entity’s Representative.

15.3. The Contractor shall notify the insurers of changes in the nature, extent, or program for
the execution of the Works and ensure the adequacy of the insurances at all times in
accordance with the terms of this Contract and shall produce to the Procuring Entity’s
Representative the insurance policies in force including the receipts for payment of the
current premiums.

The above insurance policies shall be obtained from any reputable insurance company
approved by the Procuring Entity’s Representative.

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 15.4. If the Contractor fails to obtain and keep in force the insurances referred to herein or
any other insurance which he may be required to obtain under the terms of this
Contract, the Procuring Entity may obtain and keep in force any such insurances and
pay such premiums as may be necessary for the purpose. From time to time, the
Procuring Entity may deduct the amount it shall pay for said premiums including
twenty-five percent (25%) therein from any monies due, or which may become due, to
the Contractor, without prejudice to the Procuring Entity exercising its right to impose
other sanctions against the Contractor pursuant to the provisions of this Contract.

15.5. In the event the Contractor fails to observe the above safeguards, the Procuring Entity
may, at the Contractor’s expense, take whatever measure is deemed necessary for its
protection and that of the Contractor’s personnel and third parties, and/or order the
interruption of dangerous Works. In addition, the Procuring Entity may refuse to make
the payments under GCC Clause 40 until the Contractor complies with this Clause.

15.6. The Contractor shall immediately replace the insurance policy obtained as required in
this Contract, without need of the Procuring Entity’s demand, with a new policy issued
by a new insurance company acceptable to the Procuring Entity for any of the following
grounds:

(a) The issuer of the insurance policy to be replaced has:

(i) become bankrupt;

(ii) been placed under receivership or under a management committee;

(iii) been sued for suspension of payment; or

(iv) been suspended by the Insurance Commission and its license to engage
in business or its authority to issue insurance policies cancelled; or

(v) Where reasonable grounds exist that the insurer may not be able, fully
and promptly, to fulfill its obligation under the insurance policy.

16. Termination for Default of Contractor

16.1. The Procuring Entity shall terminate this Contract for default when any of the following
conditions attend its implementation:

(i) Due to the Contractor’s fault and while the project is on-going, it has incurred
negative slippage of fifteen percent (15%) or more in accordance with
Presidential Decree 1870, regardless of whether or not previous warnings and
notices have been issued for the Contractor to improve his performance;

(ii) Due to its own fault and after this Contract time has expired, the Contractor
incurs delay in the completion of the Work after this Contract has expired; or

(iii) The Contractor:

(i) abandons the contract Works, refuses or fails to comply with a valid
instruction of the Procuring Entity or fails to proceed expeditiously and
without delay despite a written notice by the Procuring Entity;

(ii) does not actually have on the project Site the minimum essential
equipment listed on the bid necessary to prosecute the Works in

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 accordance with the approved Program of Work and equipment
deployment schedule as required for the project;

(iii) does not execute the Works in accordance with this Contract or
persistently or flagrantly neglects to carry out its obligations under this
Contract;

(iv) neglects or refuses to remove materials or to perform a new Work that

has been rejected as defective or unsuitable; or

(v) sub-lets any part of this Contract without approval by the Procuring
Entity.

16.2. All materials on the Site, Plant, Works, including Equipment purchased and funded
under the Contract shall be deemed to be the property of the Procuring Entity if this
Contract is rescinded because of the Contractor’s default.

17. Termination for Default of Procuring Entity

The Contractor may terminate this Contract with the Procuring Entity if the works are
completely stopped for a continuous period of at least sixty (60) calendar days through no fault
of its own, due to any of the following reasons:

(a) Failure of the Procuring Entity to deliver, within a reasonable time, supplies, materials,
right-of-way, or other items it is obligated to furnish under the terms of this Contract;
or

(b) The prosecution of the Work is disrupted by the adverse peace and order situation, as
certified by the Armed Forces of the Philippines Provincial Commander and approved
by the Secretary of National Defense.

18. Termination for Other Causes

18.1. The Procuring Entity may terminate this Contract, in whole or in part, at any time for
its convenience. The HoPE may terminate this Contract for the convenience of the
Procuring Entity if he has determined the existence of conditions that make Project
Implementation economically, financially or technically impractical and/or
unnecessary, such as, but not limited to, fortuitous event(s) or changes in law and
National Government policies.

18.2. The Procuring Entity or the Contractor may terminate this Contract if the other party
causes a fundamental breach of this Contract.

18.3. Fundamental breaches of Contract shall include, but shall not be limited to, the
following:

(a) The Contractor stops work for twenty-eight (28) days when no stoppage of
work is shown on the current Program of Work and the stoppage has not been
authorized by the Procuring Entity’s Representative;

(b) The Procuring Entity’s Representative instructs the Contractor to delay the
progress of the Works, and the instruction is not withdrawn within twenty-eight
(28) days;

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 (c) The Procuring Entity shall terminate this Contract if the Contractor is declared
bankrupt or insolvent as determined with finality by a court of competent
jurisdiction. In this event, termination will be without compensation to the
Contractor, provided that such termination will not prejudice or affect any right
of action or remedy which has accrued or will accrue thereafter to the Procuring
Entity and/or the Contractor. In the case of the Contractor's insolvency, any
Contractor's Equipment which the Procuring Entity instructs in the notice is to
be used until the completion of the Works;

(d) A payment certified by the Procuring Entity’s Representative is not paid by the
Procuring Entity to the Contractor within eighty-four (84) days from the date
of the Procuring Entity’s Representative’s certificate;

(e) The Procuring Entity’s Representative gives Notice that failure to correct a
particular Defect is a fundamental breach of Contract and the Contractor fails
to correct it within a reasonable period of time determined by the Procuring
Entity’s Representative;

(f) The Contractor does not maintain a Security, which is required;

(g) The Contractor has delayed the completion of the Works by the number of days
for which the maximum amount of liquidated damages can be paid, as defined
in the GCC Clause 9; and

(h) In case it is determined prima facie by the Procuring Entity that the Contractor
has engaged, before or during the implementation of the contract, in unlawful
deeds and behaviors relative to contract acquisition and implementation, such
as, but not limited to, the following:

(i) corrupt, fraudulent, collusive, coercive, and obstructive practices as

defined in ITB Clause 3.1(a), unless otherwise specified in the SCC;

(ii) drawing up or using forged documents;

(iii) using adulterated materials, means or methods, or engaging in

production contrary to rules of science or the trade; and

(iv) any other act analogous to the foregoing.

18.4. The Funding Source or the Procuring Entity, as appropriate, will seek to impose the
maximum civil, administrative and/or criminal penalties available under the applicable
law on individuals and organizations deemed to be involved with corrupt, fraudulent,
or coercive practices.

18.5. When persons from either party to this Contract gives notice of a fundamental breach
to the Procuring Entity’s Representative in order to terminate the existing contract for
a cause other than those listed under GCC Clause 18.3, the Procuring Entity’s
Representative shall decide whether the breach is fundamental or not.

18.6. If this Contract is terminated, the Contractor shall stop work immediately, make the
Site safe and secure, and leave the Site as soon as reasonably possible.

19. Procedures for Termination of Contracts

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19.1. The following provisions shall govern the procedures for the termination of this
Contract:

(a) Upon receipt of a written report of acts or causes which may constitute
ground(s) for termination as aforementioned, or upon its own initiative, the
Procuring Entity shall, within a period of seven (7) calendar days, verify the
existence of such ground(s) and cause the execution of a Verified Report, with
all relevant evidence attached;

(b) Upon recommendation by the Procuring Entity, the HoPE shall terminate this
Contract only by a written notice to the Contractor conveying the termination
of this Contract. The notice shall state:

(i) that this Contract is being terminated for any of the ground(s) afore-
mentioned, and a statement of the acts that constitute the ground(s)
constituting the same;

(ii) the extent of termination, whether in whole or in part;

(iii) an instruction to the Contractor to show cause as to why this Contract

should not be terminated; and

(iv) special instructions of the Procuring Entity, if any.

The Notice to Terminate shall be accompanied by a copy of the Verified

Report;

(c) Within a period of seven (7) calendar days from receipt of the Notice of
Termination, the Contractor shall submit to the HoPE a verified position paper
stating why the contract should not be terminated. If the Contractor fails to
show cause after the lapse of the seven (7) day period, either by inaction or by
default, the HoPE shall issue an order terminating the contract;

(d) The Procuring Entity may, at anytime before receipt of the Contractor’s
verified position paper described in item (c) above withdraw the Notice to
Terminate if it is determined that certain items or works subject of the notice
had been completed, delivered, or performed before the Contractor’s receipt of
the notice;

(e) Within a non-extendible period of ten (10) calendar days from receipt of the
verified position paper, the HoPE shall decide whether or not to terminate this
Contract. It shall serve a written notice to the Contractor of its decision and,
unless otherwise provided in the said notice, this Contract is deemed
terminated from receipt of the Contractor of the notice of decision. The
termination shall only be based on the ground(s) stated in the Notice to
Terminate; and

(f) The HoPE may create a Contract Termination Review Committee (CTRC) to
assist him in the discharge of this function. All decisions recommended by the
CTRC shall be subject to the approval of the HoPE.

19.2. Pursuant to Section 69(f) of RA 9184 and without prejudice to the imposition of
additional administrative sanctions as the internal rules of the agency may provide
and/or further criminal prosecution as provided by applicable laws, the procuring entity
shall impose on contractors after the termination of the contract the penalty of

54
suspension for one (1) year for the first offense, suspension for two (2) years for the
second offense from participating in the public bidding process, for violations
committed during the contract implementation stage, which include but not limited to
the following:

(a) Failure of the contractor, due solely to his fault or negligence, to mobilize and
start work or performance within the specified period in the Notice to Proceed
(“NTP”);

(b) Failure by the contractor to fully and faithfully comply with its contractual
obligations without valid cause, or failure by the contractor to comply with any
written lawful instruction of the procuring entity or its representative(s)
pursuant to the implementation of the contract. For the procurement of
infrastructure projects or consultancy contracts, lawful instructions include but
are not limited to the following:

(i) Employment of competent technical personnel, competent engineers

and/or work supervisors;

(ii) Provision of warning signs and barricades in accordance with

approved plans and specifications and contract provisions;

(iii) Stockpiling in proper places of all materials and removal from the
project site of waste and excess materials, including broken pavement
and excavated debris in accordance with approved plans and
specifications and contract provisions;

(iv) Deployment of committed equipment, facilities, support staff and

manpower; and

(v) Renewal of the effectivity dates of the performance security after its
expiration during the course of contract implementation.

(c) Assignment and subcontracting of the contract or any part thereof or

substitution of key personnel named in the proposal without prior written
approval by the procuring entity.

(d) Poor performance by the contractor or unsatisfactory quality and/or progress

of work arising from his fault or negligence as reflected in the Constructor's
Performance Evaluation System (“CPES”) rating sheet. In the absence of the
CPES rating sheet, the existing performance monitoring system of the
procuring entity shall be applied. Any of the following acts by the Contractor
shall be construed as poor performance:

(i) Negative slippage of 15% and above within the critical path of the
project due entirely to the fault or negligence of the contractor; and

(ii) Quality of materials and workmanship not complying with the

approved specifications arising from the contractor's fault or
negligence.

(e) Willful or deliberate abandonment or non-performance of the project or

contract by the contractor resulting to substantial breach thereof without lawful
and/or just cause.

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 In addition to the penalty of suspension, the performance security posted by the
contractor shall also be forfeited.

20. Force Majeure, Release From Performance

20.1. For purposes of this Contract the terms “force majeure” and “fortuitous event” may be
used interchangeably. In this regard, a fortuitous event or force majeure shall be
interpreted to mean an event which the Contractor could not have foreseen, or which
though foreseen, was inevitable. It shall not include ordinary unfavorable weather
conditions; and any other cause the effects of which could have been avoided with the
exercise of reasonable diligence by the Contractor.

20.2. If this Contract is discontinued by an outbreak of war or by any other event entirely
outside the control of either the Procuring Entity or the Contractor, the Procuring
Entity’s Representative shall certify that this Contract has been discontinued. The
Contractor shall make the Site safe and stop work as quickly as possible after receiving
this certificate and shall be paid for all works carried out before receiving it and for any
Work carried out afterwards to which a commitment was made.

20.3. If the event continues for a period of eighty-four (84) days, either party may then give
notice of termination, which shall take effect twenty-eight (28) days after the giving of
the notice.

20.4. After termination, the Contractor shall be entitled to payment of the unpaid balance of
the value of the Works executed and of the materials and Plant reasonably delivered to
the Site, adjusted by the following:

(a) any sum to which the Contractor is entitled under GCC Clause 28;

(b) the cost of his suspension and demobilization;

(c) any sum to which the Procuring Entity is entitled.

20.5. The net balance due shall be paid or repaid within a reasonable time period from the
time of the notice of termination.

21. Resolution of Disputes

21.1. If any dispute or difference of any kind whatsoever shall arise between the parties in
connection with the implementation of the contract covered by the Act and this IRR,
the parties shall make every effort to resolve amicably such dispute or difference by
mutual consultation.

21.2. If the Contractor believes that a decision taken by the Procuring Entity’s Representative
was either outside the authority given to the Procuring Entity’s Representative by this
Contract or that the decision was wrongly taken, the decision shall be referred to the
Arbiter indicated in the SCC within fourteen (14) days of the notification of the
Procuring Entity’s Representative’s decision.

21.3. Any and all disputes arising from the implementation of this Contract covered by the
R.A. 9184 and its IRR shall be submitted to arbitration in the Philippines according to
the provisions of Republic Act No. 876, otherwise known as the “ Arbitration Law”
and Republic Act 9285, otherwise known as the “Alternative Dispute Resolution Act
of 2004”: Provided, however, That, disputes that are within the competence of the
Construction Industry Arbitration Commission to resolve shall be referred thereto. The

56
 process of arbitration shall be incorporated as a provision in this Contract that will be
executed pursuant to the provisions of the Act and its IRR: Provided, further, That, by
mutual agreement, the parties may agree in writing to resort to other alternative modes
of dispute resolution.

22. Suspension of Loan, Credit, Grant, or Appropriation

In the event that the Funding Source suspends the Loan, Credit, Grant, or Appropriation to the
Procuring Entity, from which part of the payments to the Contractor are being made:

(a) The Procuring Entity is obligated to notify the Contractor of such suspension within
seven (7) days of having received the suspension notice.

(b) If the Contractor has not received sums due it for work already done within forty-five
(45) days from the time the Contractor’s claim for payment has been certified by the
Procuring Entity’s Representative, the Contractor may immediately issue a suspension
of work notice in accordance with GCC Clause 45.2.

23. Procuring Entity’s Representative’s Decisions

23.1. Except where otherwise specifically stated, the Procuring Entity’s Representative will
decide contractual matters between the Procuring Entity and the Contractor in the role
representing the Procuring Entity.

23.2. The Procuring Entity’s Representative may delegate any of his duties and
responsibilities to other people, except to the Arbiter, after notifying the Contractor,
and may cancel any delegation after notifying the Contractor.

24. Approval of Drawings and Temporary Works by the Procuring

Entity’s Representative
24.1. All Drawings prepared by the Contractor for the execution of the Temporary Works,
are subject to prior approval by the Procuring Entity’s Representative before its use.

24.2. The Contractor shall be responsible for design of Temporary Works.

24.3. The Procuring Entity’s Representative’s approval shall not alter the Contractor’s
responsibility for design of the Temporary Works.

24.4. The Contractor shall obtain approval of third parties to the design of the Temporary
Works, when required by the Procuring Entity.

25. Acceleration and Delays Ordered by the Procuring Entity’s

Representative
25.1. When the Procuring Entity wants the Contractor to finish before the Intended
Completion Date, the Procuring Entity’s Representative will obtain priced proposals
for achieving the necessary acceleration from the Contractor. If the Procuring Entity
accepts these proposals, the Intended Completion Date will be adjusted accordingly
and confirmed by both the Procuring Entity and the Contractor.

25.2. If the Contractor’s Financial Proposals for an acceleration are accepted by the
Procuring Entity, they are incorporated in the Contract Price and treated as a Variation.

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26. Extension of the Intended Completion Date
26.1. The Procuring Entity’s Representative shall extend the Intended Completion Date if a
Variation is issued which makes it impossible for the Intended Completion Date to be
achieved by the Contractor without taking steps to accelerate the remaining work,
which would cause the Contractor to incur additional costs. No payment shall be made
for any event which may warrant the extension of the Intended Completion Date.

26.2. The Procuring Entity’s Representative shall decide whether and by how much to extend
the Intended Completion Date within twenty-one (21) days of the Contractor asking
the Procuring Entity’s Representative for a decision thereto after fully submitting all
supporting information. If the Contractor has failed to give early warning of a delay or
has failed to cooperate in dealing with a delay, the delay by this failure shall not be
considered in assessing the new Intended Completion Date.

27. Right to Vary

27.1. The Procuring Entity’s Representative with the prior approval of the Procuring Entity
may instruct Variations, up to a maximum cumulative amount of ten percent (10%) of
the original contract cost.

27.2. Variations shall be valued as follows:

(a) At a lump sum price agreed between the parties;

(b) where appropriate, at rates in this Contract;

(c) in the absence of appropriate rates, the rates in this Contract shall be used as
the basis for valuation; or failing which

(d) at appropriate new rates, equal to or lower than current industry rates and to be
agreed upon by both parties and approved by the HoPE.

28. Contractor's Right to Claim

If the Contractor incurs cost as a result of any of the events under GCC Clause 13, the
Contractor shall be entitled to the amount of such cost. If as a result of any of the said events,
it is necessary to change the Works, this shall be dealt with as a Variation.

29. Dayworks
29.1. Subject to GCC Clause 43 on Variation Order, and if applicable as indicated in the
SCC, the Dayworks rates in the Contractor’s bid shall be used for small additional
amounts of work only when the Procuring Entity’s Representative has given written
instructions in advance for additional work to be paid for in that way.

29.2. All work to be paid for as Dayworks shall be recorded by the Contractor on forms
approved by the Procuring Entity’s Representative. Each completed form shall be
verified and signed by the Procuring Entity’s Representative within two days of the
work being done.

29.3. The Contractor shall be paid for Dayworks subject to obtaining signed Dayworks
forms.

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30. Early Warning
30.1. The Contractor shall warn the Procuring Entity’s Representative at the earliest
opportunity of specific likely future events or circumstances that may adversely affect
the quality of the work, increase the Contract Price, or delay the execution of the Works.
The Procuring Entity’s Representative may require the Contractor to provide an
estimate of the expected effect of the future event or circumstance on the Contract Price
and Completion Date. The estimate shall be provided by the Contractor as soon as
reasonably possible.

30.2. The Contractor shall cooperate with the Procuring Entity’s Representative in making
and considering proposals for how the effect of such an event or circumstance can be
avoided or reduced by anyone involved in the work and in carrying out any resulting
instruction of the Procuring Entity’s Representative.

31. Program of Work

31.1. Within the time stated in the SCC, the Contractor shall submit to the Procuring Entity’s
Representative for approval a Program of Work showing the general methods,
arrangements, order, and timing for all the activities in the Works.

31.2. An update of the Program of Work shall show the actual progress achieved on each
activity and the effect of the progress achieved on the timing of the remaining work,
including any changes to the sequence of the activities.

31.3. The Contractor shall submit to the Procuring Entity’s Representative for approval an
updated Program of Work at intervals no longer than the period stated in the SCC. If
the Contractor does not submit an updated Program of Work within this period, the
Procuring Entity’s Representative may withhold the amount stated in the SCC from
the next payment certificate and continue to withhold this amount until the next
payment after the date on which the overdue Program of Work has been submitted.

31.4. The Procuring Entity’s Representative’s approval of the Program of Work shall not
alter the Contractor’s obligations. The Contractor may revise the Program of Work
and submit it to the Procuring Entity’s Representative again at any time. A revised
Program of Work shall show the effect of any approved Variations.

31.5. When the Program of Work is updated, the Contractor shall provide the Procuring
Entity’s Representative with an updated cash flow forecast. The cash flow forecast
shall include different currencies, as defined in the Contract, converted as necessary
using the Contract exchange rates.

31.6. All Variations shall be included in updated Program of Work produced by the
Contractor.

32. Management Conferences

32.1. Either the Procuring Entity’s Representative or the Contractor may require the other to
attend a Management Conference. The Management Conference shall review the plans
for remaining work and deal with matters raised in accordance with the early warning
procedure.

32.2. The Procuring Entity’s Representative shall record the business of Management
Conferences and provide copies of the record to those attending the Conference and to

59
 the Procuring Entity. The responsibility of the parties for actions to be taken shall be
decided by the Procuring Entity’s Representative either at the Management Conference
or after the Management Conference and stated in writing to all who attended the
Conference.

33. Bill of Quantities

33.1. The Bill of Quantities shall contain items of work for the construction, installation,
testing, and commissioning of work to be done by the Contractor.

33.2. The Bill of Quantities is used to calculate the Contract Price. The Contractor is paid
for the quantity of the work done at the rate in the Bill of Quantities for each item.

33.3. If the final quantity of any work done differs from the quantity in the Bill of Quantities
for the particular item and is not more than twenty-five percent (25%) of the original
quantity, provided the aggregate changes for all items do not exceed ten percent (10%)
of the Contract price, the Procuring Entity’s Representative shall make the necessary
adjustments to allow for the changes subject to applicable laws, rules, and regulations.

33.4. If requested by the Procuring Entity’s Representative, the Contractor shall provide the
Procuring Entity’s Representative with a detailed cost breakdown of any rate in the Bill
of Quantities.

34. Instructions, Inspections and Audits

34.1. The Procuring Entity’s personnel shall at all reasonable times during construction of
the Work be entitled to examine, inspect, measure and test the materials and
workmanship, and to check the progress of the construction.

34.2. If the Procuring Entity’s Representative instructs the Contractor to carry out a test not
specified in the Specification to check whether any work has a defect and the test shows
that it does, the Contractor shall pay for the test and any samples. If there is no defect,
the test shall be a Compensation Event.

34.3. The Contractor shall permit the Funding Source named in the SCC to inspect the
Contractor’s accounts and records relating to the performance of the Contractor and to
have them audited by auditors appointed by the Funding Source, if so required by the
Funding Source.

35. Identifying Defects

The Procuring Entity’s Representative shall check the Contractor’s work and notify the
Contractor of any defects that are found. Such checking shall not affect the Contractor’s
responsibilities. The Procuring Entity’s Representative may instruct the Contractor to search
uncover defects and test any work that the Procuring Entity’s Representative considers below
standards and defective.

36. Cost of Repairs

Loss or damage to the Works or Materials to be incorporated in the Works between the Start
Date and the end of the Defects Liability Periods shall be remedied by the Contractor at the
Contractor’s cost if the loss or damage arises from the Contractor’s acts or omissions.

37. Correction of Defects

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 37.1. The Procuring Entity’s Representative shall give notice to the Contractor of any defects
before the end of the Defects Liability Period, which is One (1) year from project
completion up to final acceptance by the Procuring Entity’s Representative.

37.2. Every time notice of a defect is given, the Contractor shall correct the notified defect
within the length of time specified in the Procuring Entity’s Representative’s notice.

37.3. The Contractor shall correct the defects which he notices himself before the end of the
Defects Liability Period.

37.4. The Procuring Entity shall certify that all defects have been corrected. If the Procuring
Entity considers that correction of a defect is not essential, he can request the Contractor
to submit a quotation for the corresponding reduction in the Contract Price. If the
Procuring Entity accepts the quotation, the corresponding change in the SCC is a
Variation.

38. Uncorrected Defects

38.1. The Procuring Entity shall give the Contractor at least fourteen (14) days notice of his
intention to use a third party to correct a Defect. If the Contractor does not correct the
Defect himself within the period, the Procuring Entity may have the Defect corrected
by the third party. The cost of the correction will be deducted from the Contract Price.

38.2. The use of a third party to correct defects that are uncorrected by the Contractor will in
no way relieve the Contractor of its liabilities and warranties under the Contract.

39. Advance Payment

39.1. The Procuring Entity shall, upon a written request of the contractor which shall be
submitted as a contract document, make an advance payment to the contractor in an
amount not exceeding fifteen percent (15%) of the total contract price, to be made in
lump sum or, at the most two, installments according to a schedule specified in the
SCC.

39.2. The advance payment shall be made only upon the submission to and acceptance by
the Procuring Entity of an irrevocable standby letter of credit of equivalent value from
a commercial bank, a bank guarantee or a surety bond callable upon demand, issued by
a surety or insurance company duly licensed by the Insurance Commission and
confirmed by the Procuring Entity.

39.3. The advance payment shall be repaid by the Contractor by an amount equal to the
percentage of the total contract price used for the advance payment.

39.4. The contractor may reduce his standby letter of credit or guarantee instrument by the
amounts refunded by the Monthly Certificates in the advance payment.

39.5. The Procuring Entity will provide an Advance Payment on the Contract Price as
stipulated in the Conditions of Contract, subject to the maximum amount stated in SCC
Clause 39.1.

40. Progress Payments

40.1. The Contractor may submit a request for payment for Work accomplished. Such
request for payment shall be verified and certified by the Procuring Entity’s
Representative/Project Engineer. Except as otherwise stipulated in the SCC, materials

61
 and equipment delivered on the site but not completely put in place shall not be
included for payment.

40.2. The Procuring Entity shall deduct the following from the certified gross amounts to be
paid to the contractor as progress payment:

(a) Cumulative value of the work previously certified and paid for.

(b) Portion of the advance payment to be recouped for the month.

(c) Retention money in accordance with the condition of contract.

(d) Amount to cover third party liabilities.

(e) Amount to cover uncorrected discovered defects in the works.

40.3. Payments shall be adjusted by deducting therefrom the amounts for advance payments
and retention. The Procuring Entity shall pay the Contractor the amounts certified by
the Procuring Entity’s Representative within twenty-eight (28) days from the date each
certificate was issued. No payment of interest for delayed payments and adjustments
shall be made by the Procuring Entity.

40.4. The first progress payment may be paid by the Procuring Entity to the Contractor
provided that at least twenty percent (20%) of the work has been accomplished as
certified by the Procuring Entity’s Representative.

40.5. Items of the Works for which a price of “0” (zero) has been entered will not be paid for
by the Procuring Entity and shall be deemed covered by other rates and prices in the
Contract.

41. Payment Certificates

41.1. The Contractor shall submit to the Procuring Entity’s Representative monthly
statements of the estimated value of the work executed less the cumulative amount
certified previously.

41.2. The Procuring Entity’s Representative shall check the Contractor’s monthly statement
and certify the amount to be paid to the Contractor.

41.3. The value of Work executed shall:

(a) be determined by the Procuring Entity’s Representative;

(b) comprise the value of the quantities of the items in the Bill of Quantities
completed; and

(c) include the valuations of approved variations.

41.4. The Procuring Entity’s Representative may exclude any item certified in a previous
certificate or reduce the proportion of any item previously certified in any certificate in
the light of later information.

42. Retention

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 42.1. The Procuring Entity shall retain from each payment due to the Contractor an amount
equal to a percentage thereof using the rate as specified in GCC Sub-Clause 42.2.

42.2. Progress payments are subject to retention of ten percent (10%), referred to as the
“retention money.” Such retention shall be based on the total amount due to the
Contractor prior to any deduction and shall be retained from every progress payment
until fifty percent (50%) of the value of Works, as determined by the Procuring Entity,
are completed. If, after fifty percent (50%) completion, the Work is satisfactorily done
and on schedule, no additional retention shall be made; otherwise, the ten percent (10%)
retention shall again be imposed using the rate specified therefor.

42.3. The total “retention money” shall be due for release upon final acceptance of the
Works. The Contractor may, however, request the substitution of the retention money
for each progress billing with irrevocable standby letters of credit from a commercial
bank, bank guarantees or surety bonds callable on demand, of amounts equivalent to
the retention money substituted for and acceptable to the Procuring Entity, provided
that the project is on schedule and is satisfactorily undertaken. Otherwise, the ten
(10%) percent retention shall be made. Said irrevocable standby letters of credit, bank
guarantees and/or surety bonds, to be posted in favor of the Government shall be valid
for a duration to be determined by the concerned implementing office/agency or
Procuring Entity and will answer for the purpose for which the ten (10%) percent
retention is intended, i.e., to cover uncorrected discovered defects and third party
liabilities.

42.4. On completion of the whole Works, the Contractor may substitute retention money
with an “on demand” Bank guarantee in a form acceptable to the Procuring Entity.

43. Variation Orders

43.1. Variation Orders may be issued by the Procuring Entity to cover any increase/decrease
in quantities, including the introduction of new work items that are not included in the
original contract or reclassification of work items that are either due to change of plans,
design or alignment to suit actual field conditions resulting in disparity between the
preconstruction plans used for purposes of bidding and the “as staked plans” or
construction drawings prepared after a joint survey by the Contractor and the Procuring
Entity after award of the contract, provided that the cumulative amount of the Variation
Order does not exceed ten percent (10%) of the original project cost. The
addition/deletion of Works should be within the general scope of the project as bid and
awarded. The scope of works shall not be reduced so as to accommodate a positive
Variation Order. A Variation Order may either be in the form of a Change Order or
Extra Work Order.

43.2. A Change Order may be issued by the Procuring Entity to cover any increase/decrease
in quantities of original Work items in the contract.

43.3. An Extra Work Order may be issued by the Procuring Entity to cover the introduction
of new work necessary for the completion, improvement or protection of the project
which were not included as items of Work in the original contract, such as, where there
are subsurface or latent physical conditions at the site differing materially from those
indicated in the contract, or where there are duly unknown physical conditions at the
site of an unusual nature differing materially from those ordinarily encountered and
generally recognized as inherent in the Work or character provided for in the contract.

43.4. Any cumulative Variation Order beyond ten percent (10%) shall be subject of another
contract to be bid out if the works are separable from the original contract. In

63
 exceptional cases where it is urgently necessary to complete the original scope of work,
the HoPE may authorize a positive Variation Order go beyond ten percent (10%) but
not more than twenty percent (20%) of the original contract price, subject to the
guidelines to be determined by the GPPB: Provided, however, That appropriate
sanctions shall be imposed on the designer, consultant or official responsible for the
original detailed engineering design which failed to consider the Variation Order
beyond ten percent (10%).

43.5. In claiming for any Variation Order, the Contractor shall, within seven (7) calendar
days after such work has been commenced or after the circumstances leading to such
condition(s) leading to the extra cost, and within twenty-eight (28) calendar days
deliver a written communication giving full and detailed particulars of any extra cost
in order that it may be investigated at that time. Failure to provide either of such notices
in the time stipulated shall constitute a waiver by the contractor for any claim. The
preparation and submission of Variation Orders are as follows:

(a) If the Procuring Entity’s representative/Project Engineer believes that a

Change Order or Extra Work Order should be issued, he shall prepare the
proposed Order accompanied with the notices submitted by the Contractor, the
plans therefore, his computations as to the quantities of the additional works
involved per item indicating the specific stations where such works are needed,
the date of his inspections and investigations thereon, and the log book thereof,
and a detailed estimate of the unit cost of such items of work, together with his
justifications for the need of such Change Order or Extra Work Order, and shall
submit the same to the HoPE for approval.

(b) The HoPE or his duly authorized representative, upon receipt of the proposed
Change Order or Extra Work Order shall immediately instruct the appropriate
technical staff or office of the Procuring Entity to conduct an on-the-spot
investigation to verify the need for the Work to be prosecuted and to review
the proposed plan, and prices of the work involved.

(c) The technical staff or appropriate office of the Procuring Entity shall submit a
report of their findings and recommendations, together with the supporting
documents, to the Head of Procuring Entity or his duly authorized
representative for consideration.

(d) The HoPE or his duly authorized representative, acting upon the
recommendation of the technical staff or appropriate office, shall approve the
Change Order or Extra Work Order after being satisfied that the same is
justified, necessary, and in order.

(e) The timeframe for the processing of Variation Orders from the preparation up
to the approval by the Procuring Entity concerned shall not exceed thirty (30)
calendar days.

44. Contract Completion

Once the project reaches an accomplishment of ninety-five (95%) of the total contract amount,
the Procuring Entity may create an inspectorate team to make preliminary inspection and submit
a punch-list to the Contractor in preparation for the final turnover of the project. Said punch-
list will contain, among others, the remaining Works, Work deficiencies for necessary
corrections, and the specific duration/time to fully complete the project considering the

64
 approved remaining contract time. This, however, shall not preclude the claim of the Procuring
Entity for liquidated damages.

45. Suspension of Work

45.1. The Procuring Entity shall have the authority to suspend the work wholly or partly by
written order for such period as may be deemed necessary, due to force majeure or any
fortuitous events or for failure on the part of the Contractor to correct bad conditions
which are unsafe for workers or for the general public, to carry out valid orders given
by the Procuring Entity or to perform any provisions of the contract, or due to
adjustment of plans to suit field conditions as found necessary during construction. The
Contractor shall immediately comply with such order to suspend the work wholly or
partly.

45.2. The Contractor or its duly authorized representative shall have the right to suspend
work operation on any or all projects/activities along the critical path of activities after
fifteen (15) calendar days from date of receipt of written notice from the Contractor to
the district engineer/regional director/consultant or equivalent official, as the case may
be, due to the following:

(a) There exist right-of-way problems which prohibit the Contractor from
performing work in accordance with the approved construction schedule.

(b) Requisite construction plans which must be owner-furnished are not issued to
the contractor precluding any work called for by such plans.

(c) Peace and order conditions make it extremely dangerous, if not possible, to
work. However, this condition must be certified in writing by the Philippine
National Police (PNP) station which has responsibility over the affected area
and confirmed by the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)
Regional Director.

(d) There is failure on the part of the Procuring Entity to deliver government-
furnished materials and equipment as stipulated in the contract.

(e) Delay in the payment of Contractor’s claim for progress billing beyond forty-
five (45) calendar days from the time the Contractor’s claim has been certified
to by the procuring entity’s authorized representative that the documents are
complete unless there are justifiable reasons thereof which shall be
communicated in writing to the Contractor.

45.3. In case of total suspension, or suspension of activities along the critical path, which is
not due to any fault of the Contractor, the elapsed time between the effectivity of the
order suspending operation and the order to resume work shall be allowed the
Contractor by adjusting the contract time accordingly.

46. Payment on Termination

46.1. If the Contract is terminated because of a fundamental breach of Contract by the
Contractor, the Procuring Entity’s Representative shall issue a certificate for the value
of the work done and Materials ordered less advance payments received up to the date
of the issue of the certificate and less the percentage to apply to the value of the work
not completed, as indicated in the SCC. Additional Liquidated Damages shall not

65
 apply. If the total amount due to the Procuring Entity exceeds any payment due to the
Contractor, the difference shall be a debt payable to the Procuring Entity.

46.2. If the Contract is terminated for the Procuring Entity’s convenience or because of a
fundamental breach of Contract by the Procuring Entity, the Procuring Entity’s
Representative shall issue a certificate for the value of the work done, Materials
ordered, the reasonable cost of removal of Equipment, repatriation of the Contractor’s
personnel employed solely on the Works, and the Contractor’s costs of protecting and
securing the Works, and less advance payments received up to the date of the
certificate.

46.3. The net balance due shall be paid or repaid within twenty-eight (28) days from the
notice of termination.

46.4. If the Contractor has terminated the Contract under GCC Clauses 17 or 18, the
Procuring Entity shall promptly return the Performance Security to the Contractor.

47. Extension of Contract Time

47.1. Should the amount of additional work of any kind or other special circumstances of
any kind whatsoever occur such as to fairly entitle the contractor to an extension of
contract time, the Procuring Entity shall determine the amount of such extension;
provided that the Procuring Entity is not bound to take into account any claim for an
extension of time unless the Contractor has, prior to the expiration of the contract time
and within thirty (30) calendar days after such work has been commenced or after the
circumstances leading to such claim have arisen, delivered to the Procuring Entity
notices in order that it could have investigated them at that time. Failure to provide such
notice shall constitute a waiver by the Contractor of any claim. Upon receipt of full and
detailed particulars, the Procuring Entity shall examine the facts and extent of the delay
and shall extend the contract time completing the contract work when, in the Procuring
Entity’s opinion, the findings of facts justify an extension.

47.2. No extension of contract time shall be granted the Contractor due to (a) ordinary
unfavorable weather conditions and (b) inexcusable failure or negligence of Contractor
to provide the required equipment, supplies or materials.

47.3. Extension of contract time may be granted only when the affected activities fall within
the critical path of the PERT/CPM network.

47.4. No extension of contract time shall be granted when the reason given to support the
request for extension was already considered in the determination of the original
contract time during the conduct of detailed engineering and in the preparation of the
contract documents as agreed upon by the parties before contract perfection.

47.5. Extension of contract time shall be granted for rainy/unworkable days considered
unfavorable for the prosecution of the works at the site, based on the actual conditions
obtained at the site, in excess of the number of rainy/unworkable days pre-determined
by the Procuring Entity in relation to the original contract time during the conduct of
detailed engineering and in the preparation of the contract documents as agreed upon
by the parties before contract perfection, and/or for equivalent period of delay due to
major calamities such as exceptionally destructive typhoons, floods and earthquakes,
and epidemics, and for causes such as non-delivery on time of materials, working
drawings, or written information to be furnished by the Procuring Entity, non-
acquisition of permit to enter private properties or non-execution of deed of sale or
donation within the right-of-way resulting in complete paralyzation of construction

66
 activities, and other meritorious causes as determined by the Procuring Entity’s
Representative and approved by the HoPE. Shortage of construction materials, general
labor strikes, and peace and order problems that disrupt construction operations through
no fault of the Contractor may be considered as additional grounds for extension of
contract time provided, they are publicly felt and certified by appropriate government
agencies such as DTI, DOLE, DILG, and DND, among others. The written consent of
bondsmen must be attached to any request of the Contractor for extension of contract
time and submitted to the Procuring Entity for consideration and the validity of the
Performance Security shall be correspondingly extended.

48. Price Adjustment

Except for extraordinary circumstances as determined by NEDA and approved by the GPPB,
no price escalation shall be allowed. Nevertheless, in cases where the cost of the awarded
contract is affected by any applicable new laws, ordinances, regulations, or other acts of the
GoP, promulgated after the date of bid opening, a contract price adjustment shall be made or
appropriate relief shall be applied on a no loss-no gain basis.

49. Completion
The Contractor shall request the Procuring Entity’s Representative to issue a certificate of
Completion of the Works, and the Procuring Entity’s Representative will do so upon deciding
that the work is completed.

50. Taking Over

The Procuring Entity shall take over the Site and the Works within seven (7) days from the date
the Procuring Entity’s Representative issues a certificate of Completion.

51. Operating and Maintenance Manuals

51.1. If “as built” Drawings and/or operating and maintenance manuals are required, the
Contractor shall supply them by the dates stated in the SCC.

51.2. If the Contractor does not supply the Drawings and/or manuals by the dates stated in
the SCC, or they do not receive the Procuring Entity’s Representative’s approval, the
Procuring Entity’s Representative shall withhold the amount stated in the SCC from
payments due to the Contractor.

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 Section V. Special Conditions of Contract
GCC Clause
1.17 The Intended Completion Date is 539 calendar days from start date.
1.22 The Procuring Entity is the Municipal Local Government Unit of Tuburan,
Cebu.
1.23 The Procuring Entity’s Representative is:
Hon. Democrito M. Diamante,
Mayor
Municipality of Tuburan, Cebu
1.24 The Site is located in Brgy. Caridad, Bakyawan and Kansi , Tuburan, Cebu
1.28 The Start Date is ten (10) calendar days upon receipt of the Notice to Proceed
(NTP).
1.31 The Works consist of:

Provision of Combined Field Office and Laboratory

A.1.1 (7)
Building for the Engineer (Rental Basis)
Provision of Furnitures/Fixtures, Equipment &
A.1.1 (11)
Appliances for the Field Office for the Engineer
B.4(1) Construction Survey & Staking
B.5 Project Billboard
B.7 Construction Safety and Health Program
B.9 Mobilization/Demobilization
100(1) Clearing and Grubbing
Removal of Actual Structure / Obstruction, 0.15mm
101(3)b1
thick, PCCP (Unreinforced)
Removal of Actual Structure / Obstruction, 610mmØ,
101(4)a1
RCPC
102(2) Surplus Common Excavation
103(1)a Structure Excavation, Common Soil
103(6)a Pipe Culvert & Drain Excavation, Common Soil
Embankment (From Roadway Excavation), Common
104(1)a
Soil
105(1)a Sub-grade Preparation, Common Soil
200(1) Aggregate Subbase Course
Portland Cement Concrete Pavement (Unreinforced),
311 (1)b
0.2m thick
404(1)a Reinforcing Steel, Grade 40 (Line Canal)
Structural Concrete, @20.68 Mpa, Class A,14 days
405(1)a2
(Line Canal)
500(1)a3 Pipe Culverts, Class II, RCPC, 910 mm Ø
Grouted Riprap, Class A (Open Line Canal and Slope
505(5)
Protection)
506(1) Stone Masonry (Gravity Type Slope Protection, RCPC)
Metal Guardrail (Metal Beam) including Post Single W-
603(3)a
Beam
603(4)a Metal End Piece, Fish Tail

68
 Warning Signs ,600 mm size, Class W1-3A, Horizontal
605(1) c1
Alignment Curve L or R
Warning Signs ,600 mm size, Class W1-4A, Horizontal
605(1) d1
Alignment Reverse Curve L or R
Warning Signs,600mm x 600mm size, Class W6-1B,
605(1) a1 Pedestrian and School Signs Pedestrian Crossing
Ahead

605(3) b1 Information Signs (G1-4)

606(1)a1 Pavement Markings, Premixed Reflectorized, White

Reflectorized Thermoplastic Pavement Markings
612(1)
(White)
Reflectorized Thermoplastic Pavement Markings
612(2)
(Yellow)
620 Chevron Signs (HM-1A, 450mm x 600mm)
622(1) Bio-engineering Solution - Coco Geonet
622(1)a Bio-engineering Solution - Vegetation
SPL-1 Installation of Utility Cross G.I. Pipes (L=9.00m)
SPL-2 School Fence
-
2.2 Sectional completion is not allowed.
5.1 The Procuring Entity shall give possession of all parts of the Site to the
Contractor upon issuance of NTP
6.5 The Contractor shall employ the following Key Personnel:
as per BDS 12.1(b)(ii.2)

Project Manager (PM) – Licensed Civil Engineer with minimum of five (5) years
of relevant work experience as Project Manager in road construction;

Project Engineer (PE) – Minimum of five (5) years of experience as licensed

Civil/Agricultural Engineer with minimum of two (2) road construction projects
handled as Project Engineer with a value of at least twenty percent (20%) of the
EPC (to be supported with certified true and correct bio-data indicating the
description and cost of the projects handled);

Materials Engineer (ME) – Licensed Civil Engineer duly accredited by DPWH

as Materials Engineer II following DPWH D.O. 98 Series of 2016.
Geodetic Engineer – Licensed Geodetic Engineer (not subject for evaluation
BUT required for project implementation)
7.4(c) No further instruction.
7.7 No further instruction.
8.1 No further instruction.
10 None.
12.3 No further instruction.
12.5 Five (5) years.

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13 “No additional provision” or if the contractor is a joint venture, “All partners to
the joint venture shall be jointly and severally liable to the Procuring Entity”.
18.3(h)(i) The World Bank’s Anti-Corruption Policy requires the Borrowers (including
beneficiaries of Bank-financed activity), as well as Bidders, Suppliers,
Contractors and their agents (whether declared or not), sub-contractors, sub-
consultants, service providers or suppliers, and any personnel thereof, observe
the highest standard of ethics during the procurement and execution of Bank-
financed contracts. Any action to influence the procurement process or contract
execution for undue advantage is improper.

In pursuance of this policy, the Bank:

(a) defines, for the purposes of this provision, the terms set forth below as
follows:

(i) "corrupt practice" means the offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting,

directly or indirectly, anything of value to influence improperly the
actions of another party. Another party refers to a public official acting
in relation to the procurement process or contract execution. Public
official includes World Bank staff and employees of other organizations
taking or reviewing procurement decisions;

(ii) "fraudulent practice" means any act or omission, including a

misrepresentation, that knowingly or recklessly misleads, or attempts to
mislead, a party to obtain a financial or other benefit or to avoid an
obligation. The term "party" refers to a public official; the terms
"benefit" and "obligations" relate to the procurement process or contract
execution; and the "act or omission" is intended to influence the
procurement process or contract execution;

(iii) "coercive practice" means impairing or harming, or threatening to

impair or harm, directly or indirectly, any party or the property of the
party to influence improperly the actions of a party. The term "party"
refers to a participant in the procurement process or contract execution;

(iv) "collusive practice" means an arrangement between two or more

parties designed to achieve an improper purpose, including influencing
improperly the actions of another party. The term "parties" refers to
participants in the procurement process (including public officials)
attempting either themselves, or through another person or entity not
participating in the procurement or selection process, to simulate
competition or establish bid prices at artificial, noncompetitive levels,
or are privy to each other's bid prices or other conditions;

(v) "obstructive practice" is

(aa) deliberately destroying, falsifying, altering, or concealing of

evidence material to the investigation or making false statements to
investigators in order to materially impede a Bank investigation into
allegations of a corrupt, fraudulent, coercive or collusive practice;
and/or threatening, harassing or intimidating any party to prevent it from
disclosing its knowledge of matters relevant to the investigation or from

70
 pursuing the investigation, or

(bb) acts intended to materially impede the exercise of the Bank's

inspection and audit rights provided for under paragraph (e) below.

(b) will reject a proposal for award if it determines that the Bidder recommended
for award, or any of its personnel, or its agents, or its sub-consultants, sub-
contractors, service providers, suppliers and/or their employees, has, directly or
indirectly, engaged in corrupt, fraudulent, collusive, coercive, or obstructive
practices or other integrity violations in competing for the Contract in question;

(c) will declare mis-procurement and cancel the portion of the financing
allocated to a contract if it determines at any time that representatives of the
Borrower or of a recipient of any part of the proceeds of the financing engaged
in corrupt, fraudulent, collusive, coercive, or obstructive practices during the
procurement or the implementation of the contract in question, without the
Borrower having taken timely and appropriate action satisfactory to Bank to
address such practices when they occur, including by failing to inform the Bank
in a timely manner at the time they knew of the practices;

(d) will sanction a firm or an individual, at any time, in accordance with the
prevailing Bank's sanctions procedures, including by publicly declaring such
firm or individual ineligible, either indefinitely or for a stated period of time: (i)
to be awarded a Bank-financed contract; and (ii) to be a nominated sub-
contractor, consultant, manufacturer or supplier, or service provider (different
names are used depending on the particular bidding document) is one which has
either been (i) included by the bidder in its pre-qualification application or bid
because it brings specific and critical experience and know-how that allow the
bidder to meet the qualification requirements for the particular bid; or (ii)
appointed by the Borrower. A firm or individual may be declared ineligible to
be awarded a Bank financed contract upon (i) completion of the Bank's sanctions
proceedings as per its sanctions procedures, including, inter alia, cross
debarment as agreed with other International Financial Institutions, including
Multilateral Development Banks, and through the application of the World Bank
Group corporate administrative procurement sanctions procedures for fraud and
corruption; and (ii) as a result of temporary suspension or early temporary
suspension in connection with an ongoing sanctions proceeding. See footnote 14
and paragraph 8 of Appendix 1 of the World Bank Guidelines for Procurement
of Goods, Works, and Non-Consulting Services;

(e) will require that a clause be included in bidding documents and in contracts
financed by a Bank loan or grant, requiring bidders, suppliers and contractors,
and their sub-contractors, agents, personnel, consultants, service providers, or
suppliers to permit Bank to inspect all accounts and records and other documents
relating to the submission of bids and contract performance, and to have them
audited by auditors appointed by Bank.
21.2 The Arbiter is:
Construction Industry Arbitration Commission, Manila
29.1 No dayworks are applicable to the contract.
31.1 The Contractor shall submit the Program of Work to the Procuring Entity’s
Representative within five (5) calendar days of delivery of the Notice of Award.

71
31.3 The period between Program of Work updates is 30 days.
The amount to be withheld for late submission of an updated Program of Work
is 1% of the progress billing.
34.1(a) Upon instruction by the Procuring Entity, the contractor will arrange and shall
shoulder cost for the materials and field testing.
The materials and field test shall be conducted by DPWH or its accredited testing
laboratories.
For field density test (FDT), it shall be carried out through the following options:
1. By DPWH or its accredited testing laboratories as default;
2. By independent accredited Materials Engineer located within the province;
3. By an accredited Materials Engineer of the Provincial Government;
4. By colleges and universities with testing laboratories.
The conditions to effect the other options (2, 3 & 4) mentioned above are
described below. Whoever conducts the test must prepare and attest to the
veracity of the test report. The contracting parties are the signatory witness in
the conduct of the FDTs. The FDTs shall be closely witnessed by the contractor,
and MPMIU and Regional Project Coordination Office (RPCO-7) or Project
Support Office (PSO).
Options 2, 3 and 4 maybe availed of by the contracting parties in the conduct of
FDTs if DPWH facilities will not be available on a timely basis.
1. The option to be adapted by the contracting parties must be communicated
properly to the DPWH regional office where the LGU is covered. The
response of the DPWH would trigger the application of the three options. The
concurrence of the Project will be based on the evidence of impending or
actual delays in the conduct of FDTs through Option 1;
2. The engagement of accredited Materials Engineers for Options 2 and 3 will
follow the limits of authority for ME1 and ME2 by the Bureau of Research
and Standards (BRS) of the Department of Public Works and Highways. The
nomination of which will come from the LGU and to be concurred by the
Regional Project Coordination Office. However, the test apparatuses to be
utilized by the accredited Materials Engineer may either come from the LGU
or the contractor. The test apparatuses shall be re-calibrated and tested in the
presence of the RPCO or PSO engineers prior to actual use;
The selection of colleges and universities to conduct the FDT must be supported
with proof that indeed the laboratory technicians have conducted the same test
within the last three years. Records of FDT reports taken from similar projects
filed by the laboratory administrator will suffice as proof of capacity to engage
the said college or university.
34.3 The Funding Source is the World Bank.
39.1 The amount of the advance payment is 15% of the Contract Price and to be
recouped every progress billing.
39.2 Except for Surety Bond.
40.1 No further instruction.
40.4 Progress payment may be made monthly as per work accomplished.

72
41.5 The Contractor is obliged to submit to the Procuring Entity’s Representatives
the geotagged photos taken before, during and after construction of each item
of work especially the embedded items at the time that the claim for payment is
made and the Statement of Work Accomplished (SWA) is executed.
51.1 The date by which “as built” drawings are required is 15-30 days from
Completion Date as defined under GCC 1.1.3.
51.2 The amount to be withheld for failing to produce “as built” drawings and/or
operating and maintenance manuals by the date required is 1% of the final
contract amount.

73
 Section VI. Specifications

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ITEM A.1.1 – OFFICES AND LABORATORY FOR THE ENGINEER .............. 74
ITEM B.4 – CONSTRUCTION SURVEY AND STAKING ................................... 74
ITEM B.5 – PROJECT BILLBOARD / SIGNBOARD ............................................ 80
ITEM B.7 – OCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM .................. 82
ITEM B.9 – MOBILIZATION / DEMOBILIZATION ............................................ 97
ITEM 100 – CLEARING AND GRUBBING ............................................................ 99
ITEM 101 – REMOVAL OF STRUCTURES AND OBSTRUCTIONS ................. 99
ITEM 102 – EXCAVATION ..................................................................................... 101
ITEM 103 – STRUCTURE EXCAVATION............................................................ 106
ITEM 104 – EMBANKMENT .................................................................................. 111
ITEM 105 – SUBGRADE PREPARATION ............................................................ 120
ITEM 200 – AGGREGATE SUBBASE COURSE ................................................. 122
ITEM 311 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT ........................ 125
ITEM 404 – REINFORCING STEEL ..................................................................... 143
ITEM 405 – STRUCTURAL CONCRETE ............................................................. 146
ITEM 500 – PIPE CULVERTS AND STORM DRAINS........................................ 154
ITEM 505 – RIPRAP AND GROUTED RIPRAP .................................................. 159
ITEM 506 – STONE MASONRY ............................................................................. 161
ITEM 603 – GUARDRAIL ....................................................................................... 164
ITEM 605 – ROAD SIGN ......................................................................................... 164
ITEM 606 – PAVEMENT MARKINGS ................................................................. 167
ITEM 612 – REFLECTIVE THERMOPLASTIC STRIPPING MATERIAL
(SOLID FORM) ................................................................................................. 167
ITEM 620 – CHEVRON SIGNS ............................................................................... 171
ITEM 622 – COCONET BIO-ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS .............................. 174
HANDTOOLS – ......................................................................................................... 189

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 ITEM A.1.1 – OFFICES AND LABORATORY FOR THE
ENGINEER
1 Requirements

1.1 Office for the Engineer

The Contractor shall provide and maintain a combined field office and laboratory,
including all the necessary electricity, water and drainage for the use of the Engineer.

The office and laboratory shall have at least a minimum floor area of 64 square meters,
including 1 bedroom, and toilet & bath. The office shall be ready for occupancy for the duration
of the Contract and its location shall subject to the approval of the Engineer.

The Contractor shall provide the necessary furniture/fixtures, equipment and appliances,
and be responsible for the maintenance and protection of all facilities to be provided during the
duration of the Contract.

2 Measurement and Payment

2.1 Measurement

Measurement shall be in square meter.

2.2 Payment

The quantities determined as provided above shall be paid for at the appropriate contract
price.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

Provision of Combined Field Office and
A.1.1 (7) Laboratory Building for the Engineer (Rental Month
Basis)
Provision of Furniture/Fixtures, Equipment and
A.1.1 (11) Lump Sum
Appliances for the Field Office for the Engineer

ITEM B.4 – CONSTRUCTION SURVEY AND STAKING

B.4.1 Description

This item shall consist of furnishing the necessary equipment and material to survey,
stake, calculate, and record data for the control of work in accordance with this Specification and
in conformity with the lines, grades and dimensions shown on the Plans or as established by the
Engineer.

B.4.2 Construction Requirements

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B.4.2.1 General

Staking activities shall be included in the construction schedule to be submitted by the

Contractor. Dates and sequence of each staking activity shall be included.

The Engineer shall set initial reference lines, horizontal and vertical control points, and
shall furnish the data for use in establishing control for the completion of each element of the
work. Data relating to horizontal and vertical alignments, theoretical slope stake catch points,
and other design data shall be furnished.

The Contractor shall be responsible for the true setting of the works or improvements
and for correctness of positions, levels, dimensions and alignment of all parts of the works. He
shall provide all necessary instruments! appliances, materials and supplies, and labor in
connection therewith. The Contractor shall provide a survey crew supervisor at the project site
whenever surveying/staking activity is in progress.

Prior to construction! the Engineer shall be notified of any missing initial reference lines,
control points, or stakes. The Engineer shall reestablish missing initial reference lines! control
points! and stakes.

The Contractor for convenient use of Government-furnished data shall perform

additional calculations. Immediate notification of apparent errors in the initial staking or in the
furnished data shall be provided.

All initial reference and control points shall be preserved. At the start of construction, all
destroyed or disturbed initial reference or control points necessary to the work shall be replaced.

Before surveying and staking, the Contractor shall discuss and coordinate the following
with the Engineer:

1. Surveying and staking methods

2. Stake marking / concrete monuments
3. Grade control for courses of material
4. Referencing
5. Structure control
6. Any other procedures and controls necessary for the work

Established controls shall be within the tolerances shown in Table 1.

Table 1
Construction Survey and Staking Tolerances ⁽¹⁾
Staking Phase Horizontal Vertical
Existing Government network control points ±20 mm ±8 mm x √K ⁽²⁾
Local supplemental control points set from existing ±10 mm ±3 mm x √N ⁽³⁾
Government network points
Centerline points ⁽⁴⁾ - (PC), (PT), (POT), and (POC) ±10 mm ±10 mm
including references
Other centerline points ±50 mm ±50 mm
Cross-section points and slope stakes ⁽⁵⁾ ±50 mm ±50 mm
Slope stakes references ⁽⁵⁾ ±50 mm ±50 mm
Culverts, ditches, and minor drainage structures ±50 mm ±20 mm
Retaining walls and curb and gutter ±20 mm ±10 mm
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 Bridge substructures ±10 mm ⁽⁶⁾ ±10 mm
Bridge superstructures ±10 mm ⁽⁶⁾ ±10 mm
Clearing and grubbing limits ±500 mm -
Roadway subgrade finish stakes ⁽⁷⁾ ±50 mm ±10 mm
Roadway finish grade stakes ⁽⁷⁾ ±50 mm ±10 mm

(1) At 95% confidence level. Tolerances are relative to existing Government network control
points.
(2) K is the distance in kilometers.
(3) N is the number of instrument setups.
(4) Centerline points: PC - point of curve, PT - point of tangent, POT- point on tangent, POC -
point on curve.
(5) Take the cross-sections normal to the centerline + 1 degree.
(6) Bridge control is established as a local network and the tolerances are relative to that network.
(7) Include paved ditches.

The Contractor shall prepare field notes in an approved format. All field notes and
supporting documentation shall become the property of the Government upon completion of the
work.

Work shall only be started after staking for the affected work is accepted.

The construction survey and staking work may be spot-checked by the Engineer for
accuracy, and unacceptable portions of work may be rejected. Rejected work shall be resurveyed,
and work that is not within the tolerances specified in Table 1 shall be corrected. Acceptance of
the construction staking shall not relieve the Contractor of responsibility for correcting errors
discovered during the work and for bearing all additional costs associated with the error, unless
such error is based on incorrect data supplied in writing by the Engineer, in which case, the
expense In rectifying the same shall be at the expense of the Government.

In the case of "change” or "changed conditions" which involve any change in stakeout,
the Contractor shall coordinate with the Engineer and facilitate the prompt reestablishment of the
field control for the altered or adjusted work.

All flagging, lath, stakes, and other staking materials shall be removed and disposed after
the project is completed.

B.4.2.2 Equipment

Survey instruments and supporting equipment capable of achieving the specified

tolerances shall be furnished.

Acceptable tools, supplies, and stakes of the type and quality normally used in highway
survey work and suitable for the intended use shall be furnished. Stakes and hubs of sufficient
length to provide a solid set in the ground with sufficient surface area above ground for necessary
legible markings shall also be furnished.

B.4.2.3 Survey and Staking Requirements

All survey, staking, recording of data, and calculations necessary to construct the project
from the initial layout to final completion shall be performed. Stakes shall be reset as many times
as necessary to construct the work.

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1. Control Points

Established initial horizontal and vertical control points in conflict with

construction shall be relocated to areas that will not be disturbed by construction
operations. The coordinates and elevations for the relocated points shall be furnished
before the initial points are disturbed.

2. Roadway Cross-Sections

Roadway cross-sections shall be taken normal or perpendicular to the centerline.

When the centerline horizontal curve radius is less than or equal to 150 meters and
vertical parabolic curve radius is less than or equal to 100 meters, cross-sections shall be
taken at a maximum centerline spacing of 10 meters. When the centerline horizontal
curve radius is greater than 150 meters and vertical parabolic curve radius is greater than
100 meters, cross-sections shall be taken at a maximum centerline spacing of 20 meters.
Additional cross-sections shall be taken at significant breaks in topography and at
changes in the typical roadway section including transition change to superelevated
sections. Along each cross-section, points shall be measured and recorded at breaks in
topography and at changes in typical roadway section including transition change to
superelevated sections and shall be no further apart than 5 meters. Points shall be
measured and recorded to at least the anticipated slope stake and reference locations. All
cross-section distances shall be reduced to horizontal distances from centerline.

3. Slope Stakes and References

Slope stakes and references shall be set on both sides of centerline at the cross-
section locations. Slope stakes shall be established in the field as the actual point of
intersection of the design roadway slope with the natural ground line. Slope stake
references shall be set outside the clearing limits. All reference point and slope stake
information shall be included on the reference stakes. When initial references are
provided, slope stakes may be set from these points with verification of the slope stake
location with field measurements. Slope stakes on any section that do not match with the
staking report within the tolerances established in Table 1 shall be recatched. Roadway
cross-section data shall be taken between centerline and the new slope stake location.
Additional references shall be set even when initial references are provided.

4. Clearing and Grubbing Limits

Clearing and grubbing limits shall be set on both sides of centerline at roadway
cross-section locations, extending one (1) meter beyond the toe of the fill slopes or
beyond rounding of cut slopes as the case maybe for the entire length of the project unless
otherwise shown on the plans or as directed by the Engineer.

5. Centerline Reestablishment

Centerline shall be reestablished from instrument control points. The maximum

spacing between centerline points shall be 10 meters when the centerline horizontal curve
radius is less than or equal to 150 meters and vertical parabolic curve radius Is less than
or equal to 100 meters. When the centerline horizontal curve radius is greater than 150
meters and vertical parabolic curve radius is greater than 100 meters, the maximum
distance between centerline points shall be 20 meters.

6. Grade Finishing Stakes

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 Grade finishing stakes shall be set for grade elevations and horizontal alignment,
at the centerline and at each shoulder of roadway cross-section locations. Stakes shall be
set at the top of subgrade and the top of each aggregate course. Where turnouts are
constructed, stakes shall be set at the centerline, at each normal shoulder, and at the
shoulder of the turnout. In parking areas, hubs shall be set at the center and along the
edges of the parking area. Stakes shall be set at all ditches to be paved.

The maximum longitudinal spacing between stakes shall be 10 meters when the
centerline horizontal curve radius is less than or equal to 150 meters and vertical
parabolic curve radius is less than or equal to 100 meters. When the centerline horizontal
curve radius is greater than 150 meters and vertical parabolic curve radius is greater than
100 meters, the maximum longitudinal spacing between stakes shall be 20 meters. The
maximum transverse spacing between stakes shall be 5 meters. Brushes or guard stakes
shall be used at each stake.

7. Culverts

Culverts shall be staked to fit field conditions. The location of culverts may differ
from the plans.

The following shall be performed:

a. Survey and record the ground profile along the culvert centerline including
inlet and outlet channel profile of at least 10 meters and as additionally
directed by the Engineer so as to gather all necessary data for the preparation
of pipe projection plan.

b. Determine the slope catch points at the inlet and outlet.

c. Set reference points and record information necessary to determine culvert

length and end treatments.

d. Plot into scale the profile along the culvert centerline reflecting the natural
ground elevation, invert elevation, the flow line, the roadway section, and the
size, length and the degree of elbow of culvert, end treatments, grade and
other appurtenances.

e. Plot into scale the cross-section of inlet and outlet channel at not more than 5
meters interval.

f. Submit the plotted Pipe Projection Plan for approval of final culvert length,
alignment and headwall.

g. When the Pipe Projection Plan has been approved, set drainage culvert
structure survey and reference stakes, and stake inlet and outlet to make the
structure functional.

8. Bridges

Adequate horizontal and vertical control and reference points shall be set for all
bridge substructure and superstructure components. The bridge chord or the bridge

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 tangent shall be established and referenced. The centerline of each pier, bent, and
abutment shall also be established and referenced.

Set at least three (3) reference points each at downstream and upstream portion.
Conduct topographic survey and plot into scale at least 100 meters upstream and
downstream from centerline of bridge.

9. Retaining Walls and Other Types of Slope Protection Works

Profile measurements along the face of the proposed wall and 2 meters in front
of the wall face shall be surveyed and recorded. Cross-sections shall be taken within the
limits designated by the Engineer at every 5 meters along the length of the wall and at
all major breaks in terrain. For each cross-section, points shall be measured and recorded
every 5 meters and at all major breaks in terrain. Adequate references and horizontal and
vertical control points shall be set.

10. Borrow and Waste Sites

The work essential for initial layout and measurement of the borrow or waste
site shall be performed. A referenced baseline, site limits, and clearing limits shall be
established. Initial and final cross-sections shall be surveyed and recorded.

11. Permanent Monuments and Markers

All survey and staking necessary to establish permanent monuments and markers
shall be performed.

12. Miscellaneous Survey and Staking

All surveying, staking, and recording of data essential for establishing the layout
and control of the following shall be performed, as applicable:

a. Approach roads and trails

b. Road Right of Way and Construction limit in accordance with the approved
Parcellary Plan.
c. Curb and gutter
d. Guardrail
e. Parking areas
f. Paved waterways and outfall structures
g. Lined canals and other ditches
h. Chutes and Spillways
i. Turf establishment
j. Utilities
k. Signs, delineators, and object markers
I. Pavement markings

B.4.3 Method of Measurement

Construction survey and staking shall be measured by the kilometer.

Bridge survey and staking, and retaining wall survey and staking shall be measured by
the lump sum.
Slope, reference, and clearing and grubbing stakes shall be measured by the kilometer.

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 Centerline reestablishment shall be measured by the kilometer. Centerline
reestablishment shall be measured only one time.

Culvert survey and staking shall be measured by the each.

Grade finishing stakes shall be measured by the kilometer. Subgrade shall be measured
one time and each aggregate course shall be also measured one time.

Permanent monuments and markers shall be measured by each unit placed and installed
at the proper locations.

Miscellaneous survey and staking shall be measured by the hour of survey work ordered
or by the lump sum. For miscellaneous survey and staking paid by the hour, the minimum survey
crew size shall be 2 persons. Time spent in making preparations, traveling to and from the project
site, performing calculations, plotting cross sections and other data, processing computer data,
and other efforts necessary to successfully accomplish construction survey and staking shall not
be measured separately but deemed included as subsidiary for each of the Pay Item.

B.4.4 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantities, measured as provided in Section B.4.3, shall be paid for at the
contract unit price for each of the Pay Item listed below that Is Included in the Bill of Quantities.

Payment shall constitute full compensation for surveying, staking,

calculating/processing by any means and recording data, for furnishing and placing all materials,
and for furnishing all equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the Item.

The construction survey and staking lump sum item shall be paid as follows:

a. 25% of the lump sum, not to exceed 0.5% of the original contract amount, shall be
paid following completion of 10% of the original contract amount.

b. Payment of the remaining portion of the lump sum shall be prorated based on the total
work completed.

The bridge survey and staking and the retaining wall survey and staking lump sum items
shall be paid on a prorated basis as the applicable work progresses.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

B.4 (1) Construction Survey and Staking Kilometer

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 ITEM B.5 – PROJECT BILLBOARD / SIGNBOARD
Description

This Item shall consist of furnishing and installing project billboard in accordance with
this Specification and details shown on the Plans, or as required by the Engineer.

The project billboard shall comply in all respects with the “COA Circular No. 2013-
004” dated January 30, 2013. The information and publicity on projects of Government
Agencies including Foreign Funded Projects are being guided by this Circular.

The project billboard will be erected as soon as the award has been made. It will be
located at the beginning and at the end of the subproject throughout the project duration.

The size, materials and design to be used for the project signboard will specifically
adhere to the General Guidelines No. 2.2.3 of the Circular while the content of the information
shall conform to the General Guidelines No. 2.2.6 and the sample format shown in “Annex A”
of the Circular.

Material
Requirements

Tarpaulin

The design and format of the tarpaulin shall have the following specifications:

Color: White
Size: 8 ft. x 8 ft.
Resolution: 70 dpi
Font: Helvetica
Font Size of Main Information: 3 inches
Font Size of Sub-Information: 1 inch
Font Color: Black

The information shall contain i.) logo of the funding agencies, ii.) the name of
implementing agencies, iii.) name of contractor, iv.) subproject’s title, location, cost and
description, v.) project details to include duration, date started, target date of completion and
project status, and vi.) COA and WB Anti‐corruption Hotline.

The display/and or affixture of the picture, image, motto, logo, color motif, initials or
other symbol or graphic representation associated with the top leadership of the project
proponent or implementing agency/unit/office, on project billboard, is considered unnecessary.
(General Guidelines No. 2.2.6).

Post and Frame

Posts and frames/braces shall be made from good lumber with a 2X3 and 2x2 inches size
respectively and shall be well‐seasoned, straight and free of injurious defects. The frame will be
covered with 2 pieces 1/4 inch thick marine plywood where the tarpaulin will be attached.

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Concrete Foundation Blocks

The concrete for the foundation blocks shall be Class A in accordance with Item 405,
Structural Concrete and shall be of the size shown on the Plans.

Construction Requirements

Excavation and Backfilling

Holes shall be excavated to the required depth to the bottom of the concrete foundation
as shown on the Plans.

The space around the post shall be backfilled to the ground line with approved material
in layers not exceeding 100 mm and each layer shall be moistened and thoroughly compacted.
Surplus excavated material shall be disposed of by the Contractor as directed by the Engineer.

Erection of Posts

The posts shall be erected vertically in position inside the formwork of the foundation
block prior to the placing of the concrete and shall be adequately supported by bracing to prevent
movement of the post during the placing and setting of concrete. The posts shall be located at the
positions shown on the Plans.

Tarpaulin Installation

Tarpaulin shall be installed in accordance with the details shown on the Plans. The frame
should be covered with the marine plywood before the tarpaulin is attached.

Method of Measurement

The quantities of project billboard shall be the lump sum of such signs of the size
specified, including the necessary posts and supports erected and accepted.

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Basis of Payment

The quantities measured as determined in the Method of Measurement, shall be paid for
at the contract unit price for the Pay Items shown in the Bid Schedule which price and payment
shall be full compensation for furnishing and installing project billboard, for excavation,
backfilling and construction of foundation blocks, and all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals
necessary to complete the Item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

B.5 Project Billboard Each

ITEM B.7 – OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

PROGRAM
The following shall be the minimum requirements for the approval of a
Construction Safety and Health Program (CSHP) under the Department of Labor and
Employment (DOLE) Department Order No. 13, Series 1998.

1.1 Company Safety and Health Policy. The following shall apply:

A Company Safety Policy which shall serve as the general guiding principles in the
implementation of safety and health on site duly signed by the highest company official or his
duly authorized representative who has the over--‐all control of project execution and should
include the contractor’s general policy towards occupational safety, worker’s welfare and health,
and environment.

A Safety policy, which shall include the commitment that the contractor shall comply
with DOLE minimum safety requirements, including reporting requirements of the Occupational
Health and Safety Standards (OSHS), and other relevant DOLE issuances. These may include,
but are not limited to the following:

a. Registration (Rule 1020 and DO 18-02)

b. Report of Safety Committee Organization (Rule 1040)
c. Notification of Accidents and Occupational Illnesses (Rule 1050)
d. Annual Work Accident/Illness Exposure Data Report (Rule 1050)
e. Application for installation of mechanical/electrical equipment for construction of
structure for industrial use (Rule 1070 and 1160)
f. Annual Medical Report (Rule 1960)

1.2 Specific Construction Safety and Health Program

Shall contain the tendering agency’s requirements in addition to the minimum

requirements under the appropriate sections of D.O. No. 13 whenever deemed as applicable.

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1.3 Composition of Construction Safety and Health Committee.

A structure and membership of the construction safety and health committee which shall
be consistent with the minimum requirements of Section 11 of D.O. 13, series of 1998.

1.4 Safety and Health Personnel.

The following shall apply:

a. All appointed first-aiders shall be duly trained and certified by the Philippine
National Red Cross and shall possess a Certificate of Basic First Aid Training
Course (Standard) with a valid PNRC ID Card.
b. All appointed Safety Officers shall have completed the 40-hour BWC prescribed
safety and health course as required by Rule 1030 of the OSHS, as amended by
D.O. 16. All full-time safety personnel shall be accredited by the BWC pursuant
to D.O. 16.
c. All physicians and nurses assigned at the project site shall have completed the
Bureau prescribed course on occupational safety and health course, pursuant to
Rule 1960 of the OSHS.

1.5 Specific duties and responsibilities of the Safety Officer.

The following shall apply:

a. Specific duties and responsibilities shall comply with the outlined duties and
responsibilities in Rule 1047 of the OSHS; and
b. Procedure on the required performance of the assigned duties and responsibilities
of safety officers in the construction site.

1.6 Applicable In-plant Safety and Health Promotion and Continuing Information
Dissemination.

The following shall apply:

a. Detailed information dissemination or advisories to the new employees prior to

on-site assignment, e.g. conduct of safety orientation, company’s health and safety
policies, hazards related to the job safety measures, safe work procedures.
b. Detailed programs on continuing education such as trainings and seminars, if any,
that shall be given to employees, e.g. BOSH, refresher course, first aid training,
refresher course toolbox meeting, construction safety training for site safety
officers, 80-hour advance safety course prescribe.
c. Arrangements for conveying information on safety and health IEC materials e.g.
Posters/komics/flyers, safety signages, handbooks/manuals, bulletin boards
d. Arrangements for setting up sub-committees on safety and health, where
necessary.
e. Schedule of safety related activities, e.g. toolbox meeting, health and safety
committee meeting

1.7 Accident and incident investigation, recording, and reporting.

The following shall apply:

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 a. All accidents or incidences shall be investigated and recorded.
b. All work-related accidents resulting to disabling injuries and dangerous
occurrences as defined in OSH Standards (Rule 1050) shall be reported.
c. Responsible or duly authorized officer for accident or incident investigation
recording and reporting who are either the employer/owner/project
manager/safety officer
d. Accident Report shall contain the minimum information as required in
DOLE/BWC/OHSD/IP‐6.
e. Shall notify the appropriate DOLE Regional within 24 hours in case of fatal
accidents. An accident investigation shall be conducted by the Regional Office
within forty-eight (48) hours after receipt of initial report of the employer.

1.8 Provisions for the protection of the general public within the vicinity of the company
premises during construction and demolition.

The following shall apply:

a. Measures in order to ensure the safety of the general public shall be pursuant to
Rule 11 of the National Building Code ‐ Implementing Rules and Regulations:
Protection of Pedestrians During Construction or Demolition
b. Appropriate provisions and rules of OSHS
- Rule 1412.09: Protection of the Public
- Rule 1412.12: Protection against collapse of Structure
- Rule 1412.16: Traffic Control
- Rule 1413: Excavation
- Rule 1417: Demolition
- Rule 1060: Premises of Establishments
- D.O. 13, Section 9: Construction Safety Signs
- Other relevant provisions of OSHS.

1.9 General safety within construction premises.

The following shall apply:

The provisions for danger signs, barricades, and safety instructions for workers,
employees, public, and visitors such as, housekeeping; walkway surfaces; means of
access i.e. stairs, ramps, floor openings, elevated walkways, runways and platforms; and,
light.

1.10 Environmental Control (Rule 1070 of the Standards).

The following shall apply:

a. Monitoring and control of hazardous noise, vibration and air‐borne contaminants

such as gases, fumes, mists and vapors.
b. Provisions to comply with minimum requirements for lighting, ventilation and air
movement.

1.11 Guarding of hazardous machinery (Rule 1200 of the Standards).

The following shall apply:

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 a. Provisions for installation/design of built‐in machine guards.
b. Provisions for built‐in safety in case of machine failure.
c. Provisions for guarding of exposed walkways, access‐ways, working platforms.

1.12 Provisions for and use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) ‐ (Rule 1080 of the
Standards).

The following shall apply:

a. Appropriate types and duly tested PPEs to be issued to workers after the required
training on their use.
b. Provisions for maintenance, inspection and replacement of PPEs.
c. In all cases the basic PPE commonly required for all types of construction projects
are hard hats, safety shoes and working gloves. Other PPEs shall be required
depending on the type of work and hazards.

1.13 Handling of Hazardous Substances – (Rule 1090 of the Standards).

The following shall apply:

Provision for identification, safe handling, storage, transport and disposal of hazardous
substances and emergency procedure in accordance with Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) in cases of accidents.

1.14 General materials handling and storage procedures. – (Rule 1150 of the
Standards).

The following shall apply:

‐ Safe use of mechanical materials handling equipment

- Secured and safe storage facilities
- Regular housekeeping as necessary so as not to constitute and/or resent hazards
- Clearly marked clearance limits
- Proper area guarding of storage facilities

1.15 Installation, use and dismantling of hoist and elevators. ‐Rule 1415.10 Testing and
Examination of Lifting Appliance, Rule 1220 Elevators and Related Equipment.

The following shall apply:

a. Provisions to ensure safe installation, use and dismantling of hoist and elevator;
b. Periodic inspection of hoists and elevators.

1.16 Testing and inspection of electrical and mechanical facilities and equipment.

The following Rules of the Occupational Safety and Health Standards shall apply:

Rule Coverage

a. Rule 1160 ‐ Boiler

b. Rule 1170 ‐ Unfired Pressure Vessels
c. Rule 1210 ‐ Electrical Safety

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 d. Rule 1220 ‐ Elevators and Related Equipment
e. Rule 1410 ‐ Construction Safety
f. Rule 1415.10 – Training and Examination of Lifting Appliance

1.17 Workers skills and certification.

The following shall apply:

a. Provisions to ensure that workers are qualified to perform the work safely.
b. Provisions to ensure that only qualified operators are authorized to use and operate
electrical and mechanical equipment.

1.18 Provisions for emergency transportation facilities for workers.

The following shall apply:

Rule 1963.02 of the Occupational Safety and Health Standards – Emergency Medical
and Dental Services

1.19 Fire Protection Facilities and Equipment.

The following rule shall apply:

a. Fire protection facilities and equipment as required under Rule 1940 of the
OSHS
b. Proposed structure and membership of fire brigade
c. Provision for training on emergency preparedness

1.20 First aid and health care medicines, equipment and facilities.

a. Identification of the proposed first aid and health care facilities that the employer
shall provide satisfying the minimum requirements of OSHS.
b. Identification of the medical and health supplies, such as medicines and equipment
to be provided.
c. In all cases, the provision of first aid medicines and emergency treatment shall be
mandatory.
d. In the absence of the required on site health care facilities, the employer shall
attach a copy of a written contract with a recognized emergency health provider
as required under the OSHS.

1.21 Workers Welfare Facilities.

The following shall apply:

a. Provisions for toilet and sanitary facilities

b. Proposed bathing, washing, facilities
c. Proposed facilities for supplying food and eating meals
d. Proposed facilities for supplying potable water for drinking and for washing
e. Proposed facilities for locker rooms, storing and changing of clothes for workers.

1.22 Proposed Hours of Work and Rest and Rest Breaks. The following shall apply:

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 a. Work schedules, working hours, shifting schedules
b. Frequency and length of meals and breaks
c. Schedule of rest periods

1.23 Waste Disposal. The following shall apply:

a. Proposed method of clearing and disposal of waste.

b. Provisions for permits and clearance where require in disposal of hazardous
wastes.

1.24 Disaster and Emergency Preparedness Contingency

1.25 Safety Program.

The Safety Programs shall contain the following:

a. Standard work procedures.

b. Job hazard analysis for the following activities as applicable to the project.
c. Other hazardous work, not outline herein but will be performed during project
execution must also be included.

The activities may consist of any number of the following, depending on the nature
of the project, vis‐à‐vis exposure to hazards:

a. Site Clearing
b. Excavations
c. Erection and dismantling of scaffolds and other temporary working platforms
d. Temporary electrical connections/installations
e. Use of scaffolds and other temporary working platforms
f. Working at unprotected elevated working platforms or surfaces
g. Work over water
h. Use of power tools and equipment
i. Gas and electric welding and cutting operations
j. Working in confined spaces
k. Use of internal combustion engines
l. Handling hazardous and/or toxic chemical substances
m. Use of hand tools
n. Working with pressurized equipment
o. Working in hot or cold environments
p. Handling, storage, usage and disposal of explosives
q. Use of mechanized lifting appliances for movement of materials
r. Use of construction heavy equipment
s. Demolition

The hazard analysis shall contain the following:

a. Identification of possible hazards for a particular activity.

b. Identification of any company permits or clearances needed prior to the
performance of the activity together with the name of person/s who is authorized
to issue such permit or clearance.

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 c. Identification of the proposed improvement in work standard procedures that shall
be followed during implementation of a particular activity.
d. Company inspection procedures to ensure safety during the execution of a
particular activity.
e. Identification of emergency procedures in case of accidents or any untoward
incident while performing a particular activity.

1.26 Company Penalties/Sanctions for Violation/s of the Provision/s of Safety and Health
Program

The appropriate penalties or sanctions for violation of company rules and regulations or
those stipulated in the CHSP and the observance of due process.

2. Personal Protective Equipment by Type of Project

2.1 General Building Construction Project (GBC).

The following classifications shall apply:

Classification: Air Navigation Facilities, Power Transmission & Distribution, Building

and Housing, Communication facilities, Sewerage, water treatment plants and Site/Land
development.

2.2 General Engineering Construction Project.

The following classifications shall apply:

Classifications: Roads and Airports (Horizontal structure), bridges, irrigation system,

flood control and drainages, dams, tunneling, ports and harbor, water supply

2.3 Specialty Construction Project.

The following classifications shall apply:

Classifications: Electrical work, mechanical work, plumbing and sanitary work, air
conditioning or refrigeration, water proofing work, painting work, communication
facilities, foundation or piling work, structural steel work, concrete pre‐cast, elevator or
escalator, well drilling work, navigational equipment and instrument installation,
electromechanical work, metal roofing and siding installation, structural demolition and
landscaping.

3. Safety Personnel and Skilled Worker.

The following shall apply:

3.1 Minimum Required Safety Personnel.

The following shall apply:

a. The General Constructor shall provide for a full-time officer, who shall be
assigned as the general construction safety and health officer to oversee full time
the overall management of the Construction Safety and Health Program.
b. The General Constructor shall provide for additional Construction Safety and
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 Health Officer/s in accordance with the requirements for Safety Officer of D.O.
16, s. 2001, depending of the total number of personnel assigned to the
construction project site.
c. The General Constructor shall provide for one (1) Construction Safety and Health
Officer for every ten (10) units of heavy equipment assigned to the project site.
d. Each construction contractors/subcontractors shall provide for the required
number of safety officers in accordance with the requirements of D.O. 16 series
2001.

3.2 Qualification and Training of Safety and Health Personnel and Skilled Workers.

The following shall apply:

a. Training of OSH Personnel shall be pursuant to D.O. 16 series of 2001 and its
Procedural Guidelines.
b. Worker Skills Certification for the critical operations/occupations shall be
pursuant to D.O. 13 and D.O. 19 as well as the TESDA requirements on worker
competency.

4. Construction Heavy Equipment.

The following shall apply:

4.1 Accreditation of Organization for Testing of Construction Heavy Equipment shall be

pursuant to D.O. No. 16 and its Implementing Guidelines and Procedural Guidelines on
Accreditation and Performance Audit of Testing Organization for Construction Heavy
Equipment.

4.2 Conduct of Inspection and Test of Construction Heavy Equipment shall be pursuant to
Sec. 10 of D.O. No. 13 and its Procedural Guidelines. The following shall apply:

a. Procedural Guidelines on Accreditation and Performance Audit of Testing

Organization for Construction Heavy Equipment
b. Standard Checklist for Testing and Inspection of Construction Heavy Equipment.
c. Inspection Procedures for DOLE Inspectors

4.3 TESDA Certification Requirements for Operators. Certification for Operators shall be
in accordance with the requirements of TESDA on worker competency.

4.4 Monitoring and Evaluation of CHE Test/Inspection conducted shall be pursuant to the
Procedural Guidelines on Accreditation and Performance Audit of Testing Organization
for Construction Heavy Equipment.

5. Signages and Barricades.

The following shall apply:

Construction Safety Signages shall be provided as a precaution and to advise the workers
and the general public of the hazards existing in the worksite.

5.1 Signage Procedures:

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 The signages shall be:

a. Posted in prominent positions and at strategic locations.

b. As far as practicable, be in the language understandable to most of the workers
employed in the site.
c. For non‐raised floor areas, the attached yellow CAUTION sign shall be used when
using yellow CAUTION tape.
d. For non‐raised floor areas, the attached red DANGER sign shall be used when
using the red DANGER tape.
e. Placed in designated areas at four (4) feet from ground level, if there are no other
more practicable height placement.
f. Regularly inspected and maintained in good condition to achieve its purpose.
Signages that are damaged; illegible or that no longer apply as to purpose, site or
language, shall be removed or be replaced by the safety officer when needed.
g. Removed after the hazard is completely eliminated. If upon work completion the
hazard is still present, the signage shall remain in place.
h. Designed and constructed following the Overall Dimensions of Safety Signs
Formula as required by the OSHS
i. Specific with the type of hazard and should indicate the name of the contaminant/
substance involved (for chemical hazards), and the type of PPE or respiratory
equipment to be worn.

5.2 Posting of Signages shall include, but not limited to the following places:

a. Areas where there are risks of falling objects.

b. Areas where there are risks of falling, slipping, tripping among workers and the
public
c. Prior to entry in project sites, locations and its perimeter.
d. Where there is mandatory requirement on the usage of PPEs.
e. Areas where explosives and flammable substances are used or stored
f. Approaches to working areas where danger from toxic or irritant airborne
contaminants/ substances may exist,
g. All places where contact with or proximity to electrical facility/equipment can
cause danger
h. All places where workers may come in contact with dangerous moving parts of
machinery or equipment
i. Locations of fire alarms and fire‐fighting equipment
j. Locations for instructions on the proper usage of specific construction equipment,
tools.

5.3 Barricading Procedures:

The following shall apply:

a. The contractor shall provide all necessary barricades, safety tapes, safety cones or
safety lines as required in isolating or protecting an unsafe work area from other
workers, pedestrians or vehicular traffic.
b. Barricades shall completely enclose the hazardous area and effectively limit
unintentional or casual entry.
c. Barricades shall be three (3) feet vertical height from the ground, when no other
more practical height specification is available.

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 d. Barricades shall be maintained in good condition to achieve its purpose.
e. Barricades that are damaged; faded or that no longer apply as to purpose, site or
meaning, shall be removed or shall be replaced by the safety officer.
f. Barricade tape shall not be used on the floor as this presents a slipping hazard of
its own.
g. In addition to using the proper warning tape, the contractor shall use the
appropriate safety signage when barricading an area.
h. All barricades shall be removed after the hazard is completely eliminated.
i. Upon work completion, if the hazard is still present, the barricade shall remain in
place.

5.4 Installation of barricades shall include, but not limited to the following worksites
conditions:

a. hazardous areas
b. trip hazard
c. robotic movement
d. energized electrical works
e. overhead suspended load test
f. critical high pressure test
g. chemical introduction
h. fall exposure
i. Emergency Response Zone
j. Unsafe condition zone
k. Danger zone
l. Confined and enclosed space

6. Construction Safety and Health Committee.

The following shall apply:

6.1 Composition

a. Project Manager or his representative as chairperson ex‐officio

b. General Construction Safety and Health Officer
c. Construction Safety and Health Officers
d. Safety representatives (SAFETY OFFICER) from each subcontractor.
If DOLE’s minimum requirements based on the number of workers of the
contractor/sub‐contractor requires only a part time safety officer, the safety
officer need not be an accredited safety practitioner or consultant.
e. Doctors, nurses and other health personnel pursuant to the requirements stated in
Rule 1042 of the OSHS
f. Workers’ representatives
If there are no contractors/sub‐contractors or the constructor is a
subcontractor, the safety and health committee shall be in accordance with
the requirements of Rule 1040 of the Occupational Safety and Health
Standards.

6.2 Duties and responsibilities

a. The Project Manager or his representative shall act as the Chairperson of the

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 committee.
b. The committee shall conduct safety meetings at least once a month.
c. The persons constituting the Safety and Health Committee shall, as far as
practicable, be at the construction site whenever construction work is being
undertaken.
d. The committee shall continually plan and develop accident prevention programs.
e. The committee shall review reports of inspection, accident investigation and
monitor implementation of the safety program.
f. The committee shall provide necessary assistance to government authorities
authorized to conduct inspection in the proper conduct of their activities
g. The committee shall initiate and supervise safety trainings for its employees
h. The committee shall conduct safety inspection at least once a month, and shall
conduct investigation of work accidents and shall submit a regular report to
DOLE.
i. The committee shall initiate and supervise the conduct of daily brief safety
meetings or toolbox meetings.
j. The committee shall prepare and submit to DOLE, reports on said committee
meetings.
k. The committee shall develop a disaster contingency plan and organize such
emergency service units as may be necessary to handle disaster situations.

7. Construction Safety and Health Reports.

The following shall apply:

7.1 The Construction Safety and Health Report shall include:

a. Monthly summary of all safety and health committee meetings

b. Summary of all accident investigations /reports
c. Corrective/Preventive measures/action for each hazard
d. Periodic hazards assessment with corresponding remedial measures for new
hazards
e. Safety promotions and trainings conducted/attended

7.2 Submission of Reports. The following shall apply:

a. All general constructors shall be required to submit a monthly construction

safety and health report to the BWC copy furnished the DOLE Regional Office
concerned.
b. In case of any dangerous occurrence or major accident resulting in death or
permanent total disability, the concerned employer shall notify the appropriate
DOLE Regional Office within twenty--‐four (24) hours from occurrence.
c. After the conduct of investigation by the concerned construction safety and health
officer, the employer shall report all disabling injuries to the DOLE Regional
Office on or before the 20th of the month following the date of occurrence of
accident using the DOLE/BWC/HSD‐IP‐6 form.

8. Cost of Construction Safety and Health Program.

The following shall apply:

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8.1 The total cost of implementing a Construction Safety and Health Program shall be
mandatory and shall be made an integral part of the project’s construction cost as a
separate pay item, duly quantified and reflected in the Project’s Tender Documents and
likewise reflected in the Project’s Construction Contract Documents.

8.2 The cost of the following PPEs: helmet, eye goggles, safety shoes, working gloves, rain
coats, dust mask, ear muffs, rubber boots, and other similar PPE’s shall be
indicated/enumerated per cost, per worker, foreman, leadman, jackhammer operator,
carpenter, electrician, mason, steelman, painter, mechanic, welder, plumber, heavy
equipment operator, physician/inspector, and other such personnel.

8.3 The PPEs shall be sufficient in number for all workers particularly where simultaneous
construction activities/operations in different areas are being undertaken.

8.4 The cost of the minimum required inventory of medicines, supplies and equipment as
indicated in Table 47 of the OHS Standards shall be included.

8.5 The safety personnel manpower cost salaries/wages, benefits shall be included.

8.6 Cost of safety promotions/activities, training conducted and salaries of safety and health
personnel, medical personnel employed or engaged by constructor.

9. Safety and Health Information.

The following shall apply:

9.1 Workers shall be adequately and suitably:

a. Informed of potential safety and health hazards to which they may be exposed at
their workplace.
b. Instructed and trained on the measures available for the prevention, control and
protection against those hazards.

9.2 Every worker shall receive instruction and training regarding general safety and
health common to construction sites which shall include, but not limited to the
following:

a. The basic rights and duties of the workers at the construction site.
b. The means of access and egress, both during normal work and in emergency
situations.
c. The measures for good housekeeping.
d. The location and proper use of welfare and first‐aid facilities.
e. The proper care and use of the items or personal protective equipment and
protective clothing provided the workers.
f. The general measures for personal hygiene and health protection.
g. The fire precautions to be taken.
h. The action to be taken in case of any emergency.
i. The requirements of relevant health and safety rules and regulations.

9.3 The instruction, training and information materials provided shall be given in a
language or dialect understood by the worker.

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 Written, oral, visual and participative approaches shall be used to ensure that the worker
has understood and assimilated the information.

9.4 Each supervisor or any person e.g. foreman, lead man, gang boss, and other similar
personnel shall conduct daily tool box or similar meetings prior to the start of the
operations for the day to discuss with the workers and to anticipate safety and health
problems related.

9.5 No person shall be deployed in a construction site unless he has undergone a safety and
health awareness seminar conducted by safety professionals or accredited organizations
or other institutions recognized by DOLE.

9.6 Specialized instruction and training shall be provided to the following:

a. Drivers and operators of lifting appliances, transport, earth-moving and materials‐

handling equipment and machinery; or any equipment of specialized or dangerous
nature.
b. Workers engaged in the erection or dismantling of scaffolds.
c. Workers engaged in excavations at least one (1) meter deep or deep enough to
cause danger, shafts, earthworks, underground works or tunnels.
d. Workers handling explosives or engaged in blasting operations.
e. Workers engaged in pile‐driving.
f. Workers in compressed air cofferdams and caissons.
g. Workers engaged in the erection of prefabricated parts of steel structural frames
and tall chimneys, and in concrete work, form work and other such type of work.
h. Workers handling hazardous substances and materials.
i. Workers as signalers and riggers.
j. Other types of workers as may be categorized by TESDA

10. Welfare Facilities. The following shall apply:

The employer shall provide the following welfare facilities in order to ensure humane
working conditions:

10.1 Adequate supply of safe drinking water:

a. If the water is used in common drinking areas, it shall be stored in closed

containers from which the water is dispensed through taps or cocks. Such
containers shall be cleaned and disinfected at regular intervals but not exceeding
fifteen (15) days.
b. Notices shall be posted conspicuously in locations where there is water supply that
is not for drinking purposes

10.2 Adequate sanitary and washing facilities:

a. Adequate facilities for changing and for the storage and drying of work clothes.
b. Adequate accommodation facilities for taking meals and for shelter.
c. Adequate washing facilities regardless of sex for every 25 employees up to the
first 100 and an additional of one (1) facility for every 40 additional workers.
d. Suitable living accommodation for workers and as may be applicable for their
families, such as separate sanitary, washing and sleeping facilities for men and
women workers.
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10.3 Adequate and suitable toilet and bath facilities for both male and female workers at
the following ratio:

a. Where the number of female workers exceeds 100, one (1) and bath facilities for
every 20 female workers up to the first 100 and one (1) toilet and bath facilities
for every 30 additional female workers.
b. Where the number of male workers exceeds 100 and sufficient urinals have been
provided, one (1) toilet and bath facilities for every 25 sales up to the first 100 and
one (1) more for every 40 additional male workers.
c. Every toilet shall be provided with enclosure, partitioned off so as to
provide/ensure privacy. If feasible, shall have a proper door and fastenings, so
doors shall be tight fitting and self‐closing.
d. Urinals shall be placed or screened so as not to be visible from other parts of the
site, or other workers.
e. Rest rooms shall be so arranged so as to be conveniently accessible to the workers
and shall be kept clean and orderly at all times.
f. Adequate hand‐washing facilities shall be so provided within or adjacent to the
toilet facilities
g. In cases where persons of both sexes are employed, toilet and bath facilities for
each sex shall be situated or partitioned so that the interior will not be visible even
when the door of any facility is opened from any place where persons of the other
sex have to work or pass.
h. If toilet and bath facilities for one sex adjoin those for the other sex, the approaches
shall be separate, and toilet and bath facilities for each sex shall be properly
indicated.

Basis of Payment

Method of Measurement shall be paid for at the contract unit price for the Pay Items
shown in the Bid Schedule which price and payment shall be full compensation for the provision
of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and Devices, Medicines, Medical Supplies and other
incidentals necessary to complete the Item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

B.7 Occupational Safety and Health Program Month

ITEM B.9 – MOBILIZATION / DEMOBILIZATION

General

Work under this Contract shall be in accordance with the terms and conditions stipulated
in the Bid Documents.

Scope of Work

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 This Section includes mobilization, demobilization, assembly, and disassembly of
equipment/plants including incidentals necessary to complete the work.

Mobilization

The Sub-Contractor shall mobilize and put into operation all equipment and plants
required to undertake the Bid Documents, which is the Bill of Quantities and all associated work
items.

a) Mobilization shall include the transferring to the job-sites of all equipment, plants,
supplies and materials, personnel, and all items necessary for the execution and
completion of the work, and shall also include all utilities, supplies, staffing etc., and
also include the setting up of all equipment, instruments and all other plants until
rendered operable, subject to the confirmation of the LGU.

b) Equipment/plants encountering breakdowns must be repaired at the most expeditious

method possible at no cost to the LGU. In the event that the equipment/plants call
for major repair works that cannot be undertaken at the site, the Sub-Contractor shall
replace such equipment/plants with equal or better performance capacity at no
additional mobilization costs to the LGU, and the Sub-Contractor shall not be
entitled to any time extension.

c) The Sub-Contractor will be held responsible for any damage to existing structures,
works, materials, or equipment because of his operations or the operations of any of
his subcontractors. The Sub-Contractor shall repair or replace any damaged
structures, works, materials, or equipment to the satisfaction of the LGU, and at no
additional cost to the Procuring Entity.

d) The Sub-Contractor shall be responsible for all damage to streets, roads, railroads,
curbs, sidewalks, highways, shoulders, ditches, embankment, culverts, bridges, or
other public or private property, which may be caused by the transport of equipment,
materials, or people to or from the Works.

e) The Sub-Contractor shall be responsible for the protection of the Site, and all work,
materials, equipment, and all existing or completed facilities thereon, against vandals
and other unauthorized persons.

f) All construction plant and equipment provided by the Sub-Contractor shall, when
brought on to the Site, be deemed to be exclusively intended for the construction and
completion of the Works and the Sub-Contractor shall not remove the same or any
part thereof without the approval of the LGU.

g) The LGU shall not at any time be liable for the loss or damage to any of the said
construction plant and equipment provided by the Sub-Contractor or any
subcontractor or supplier.

Demobilization

Demobilization upon request of the Sub-Contractor and approved by the LGU shall
include the following:

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 a) The dismantling, preparation and loading for removal and shipment of all Sub-
Contractor’s (and Subcontractor’s) plant, equipment, and personnel at each site after
completion of the works.

b) Transportation of all the above plant, equipment, and materials from each site to the
Sub-Contractor’s home station or somewhere else outside the sites.

c) Removal of all supplementary markers furnished and installed by the Sub-

Contractor, provided that the LGU has not taken the option to retain the markers.

d) The clean-up of the Site and the removal of materials, debris, waste, etc., and making
good damages or temporary alterations, to the satisfaction of the LGU.

e) The restoration, up to a degree acceptable to the LGU, of damage to the surrounding

area (including vegetation, minor structures etc.) resulting from the construction or
construction-related activities

Measurement

The Lump sum price shall provide for the mobilization and demobilization of all Sub-
Contractor’s plant/equipment and personnel to cover all costs for mobilization and
demobilization, transportation, insurance during transportation, port fees, taxes, utilities, support
staffs and all other incidentals.

The payment shall cover the dismantling of the work site by the Sub-Contractor, with
removal of all the alterations, constructional plant and equipment, so that the site is restored to
the state it was in before the installations, plant and equipment were placed there.

Basis of Payment

All costs associated with and necessary for compliance with this Specification shall be
included in the Lump Sum price. No additional or separate payment will be made in this regard.

The LGU may at any time withhold payment if (in the opinion of the Engineer)
requirements of this Specification section are not provided.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

B.9 Mobilization / Demobilization Lump Sum

ITEM 100 – CLEARING AND GRUBBING

100.1 Description

This item shall consist of clearing, grubbing, removing and disposing all vegetation and
debris as designated in the Contract, except those objects that are designated to remain in place
or are to be removed in consonance with other provisions of this Specification. The work shall
also include the preservation from injury or defacement of all objects designated to remain.

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100.2 Construction Requirements

100.2.1 General

The Engineer will establish the limits of work and designate all trees, shrubs, plants and
other things to remain. The Contractor shall preserve all objects designated to remain. Paint
required for cut or scarred surface of trees or shrubs selected for retention shall be an approved
asphaltum base paint prepared especially for tree surgery.

Clearing shall extend one (1) meter beyond the toe of the fill slopes or beyond rounding
of cut slopes as the case maybe for the entire length of the project unless otherwise shown on the
plans or as directed by the Engineer and provided it is within the right of way limits of the project,
with the exception of trees under the jurisdiction of the Forest Management Bureau (FMB).

100.2.2 Clearing and Grubbing

All surface objects and all trees, stumps, roots and other protruding obstructions, not
designated to remain, shall be cleared and/or grubbed, including mowing as required, except as
provided below:

(1) Removal of undisturbed stumps and roots and nonperishable solid objects with a
minimum depth of one (1) meter below sub grade or slope of embankment will not
be required.

(2) In areas outside of the grading limits of cut and embankment areas, stumps and
nonperishable solid objects shall be cut off not more than 150 mm (6 inches) above
the ground line or low water level.

(3) In areas to be rounded at the top of cut slopes, stumps shall be cut off flush with or
below the surface of the final slope line.

(4) Grubbing of pits, channel changes and ditches will be required only to the depth
necessitated by the proposed excavation within such areas.

(5) In areas covered by cogon / talahib, wild grass and other vegetations, top soil shall
be cut to a maximum depth of 150 mm below the original ground surface or as
designated by the Engineer, and disposed outside the clearing and grubbing limits
as indicated in the typical roadway section.

Except in areas to be excavated, stump holes and other holes from which obstructions
are removed shall be backfilled with suitable material and compacted to the required density.

If perishable material is burned, it shall be burned under the constant care of component
watchmen at such times and in such a manner that the surrounding vegetation, other adjacent
property, or anything designated to remain on the right of way will not be jeopardized. If
permitted, burning shall be done in accordance with applicable laws, ordinances, and regulation.

The Contractor shall use high intensity burning procedures, (i.e., incinerators, high
stacking or pit and ditch burning with forced air supplements) that produce intense burning with
little or no visible smoke emission during the burning process. At the conclusion of each burning
session, the fire shall be completely extinguished so that no smoldering debris remains.

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 In the event that the Contractor is directed by the Engineer not to start burning operations
or to suspend such operations because of hazardous weather conditions, material to be burned
which interferes with subsequent construction operations shall be moved by the Contractor to
temporary locations clear of construction operations and later, if directed by the Engineer, shall
be placed on a designated spot and burned.

Materials and debris which cannot be burned and perishable materials may be disposed
off by methods and at locations approved by the Engineer, on or off the project. If disposal is
by burying, the debris shall be placed in layers with the material so disturbed to avoid nesting.
Each layer shall be covered or mixed with earth material by the land-fill method to fill all voids.
The top layer of material buried shall be covered with at least 300 mm (12 inches) of earth or
other approved material and shall be graded, shaped and compacted to present a pleasing
appearance. If the disposal location is off the project, the Contractor shall make all necessary
arrangements with property owners in writing for obtaining suitable disposal locations which are
outside the limits of view from the project. The cost involved shall be included in the unit bid
price. A copy of such agreement shall be furnished to the Engineer. The disposal areas shall
be seeded, fertilized and mulched at the Contractor’s expense.

Woody material may be disposed off by chipping. The wood chips may be used for
mulch, slope erosion control or may be uniformly spread over selected areas as directed by the
Engineer. Wood chips used as mulch for slope erosion control shall have a maximum thickness
of 12 mm (1/2 inch) and faces not exceeding 3900 mm2 (6 square inches) on any individual
surface area. Wood chips not designated for use under other sections shall be spread over the
designated areas in layers not to exceed 75 mm (3 inches) loose thickness. Diseased trees shall
be buried or disposed off as directed by the Engineer.

All merchantable timber in the clearing area which has not been removed from the right
of way prior to the beginning of construction shall become the property of the Contractor, unless
otherwise provided.

Low hanging branches and unsound or unsightly branches on trees or shrubs designated
to remain shall be trimmed as directed. Branches of trees extending over the roadbed shall be
trimmed to give a clear height of 6 m (20 feet) above the roadbed surface. All trimming shall
be done by skilled workmen and in accordance with good tree surgery practices.

Timber cut inside the area staked for clearing shall be felled within the area to be cleared.

100.2.3 Individual Removal of Trees or Stumps

Individual trees or stumps designated by the Engineer for removal and located in areas
other than those established for clearing and grubbing and roadside cleanup shall be removed and
disposed off as specified under Subsection 100.2.2 except trees removed shall be cut as nearly
flush with the ground as practicable without removing stumps.

100.3 Method of Measurement

Measurement will be by one or more of the following alternate methods:

1. Area Basis. The work to be paid for shall be the number of hectares and
fractions thereof acceptably cleared and grubbed within the limits indicated on
the Plans or as may be adjusted in field staking by the Engineer. Areas not
within the clearing and grubbing limits shown on the Plans or not staked for
clearing and grubbing will not be measured for payment.

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100.4 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantities, measured as prescribed in Section 100.3, shall be paid for at the
Contract unit price for each of the Pay Items listed below that is included in the Bill of Quantities,
which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing all labor, equipment, tools
and incidentals necessary to complete the work prescribed in this Item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

100 (1) Clearing and Grubbing Hectare

ITEM 101 – REMOVAL OF STRUCTURES AND OBSTRUCTIONS

101.1 Description

This Item shall consist of the removal wholly or in part, and satisfactory disposal of all
buildings, fences, structures, old pavements, abandoned pipe lines, and any other obstructions
which are not designated or permitted to remain, except for the obstructions to be removed and
disposed off under other items in the Contract. It shall also include the salvaging of designated
materials and backfilling the resulting trenches, holes, and pits.

101.2 Construction Requirements

101.2.1 General

The Contractor shall perform the work described above, within and adjacent to the
roadway, on Government land or easement, as shown on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer.
All designated salvable material shall be removed, without unnecessary damage, in sections or
pieces which may be readily transported, and shall be stored by the Contractor at specified places
on the project or as otherwise shown in the Special Provisions. Perishable material shall be
handled as designated in Subsection 100.2.2 Nonperishable material may be disposed off outside
the limits of view from the project with written permission of the property owner on whose
property the material is placed. Copies of all agreements with property owners are to be
furnished to the Engineer. Basements or cavities left by the structure removal shall be filled
with acceptable material to the level of the surrounding ground and, if within the prism of
construction, shall be compacted to the required density.

101.2.2 Removal of Existing Bridges, Culverts, and other Drainage Structures

All existing bridges, culverts and other drainage structures in use by traffic shall not be
removed until satisfactory arrangements have been made to accommodate traffic. The removal
of existing culverts within embankment areas will be required only as necessary for the
installation of new structures. Abandoned culverts shall be broken down, crushed and sealed or
plugged. All retrieved culvert for future use as determined by the Engineer shall be carefully
removed and all precautions shall be employed to avoid breakage or structural damage to any of
its part. All sections of structures removed which are not designated for stockpiling or re-laying

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shall become the property of the Government and be removed from the project or disposed off in
a manner approved by the Engineer.

Unless otherwise directed, the substructures of existing structures shall be removed down
to the natural stream bottom and those parts outside of the stream shall be removed down to at
least 300 mm (12 inches) below natural ground surface. Where such portions of existing
structures lie wholly or in part within the limits for a new structure, they shall be removed as
necessary to accommodate the construction of the proposed structure.

Steel bridges and wood bridges when specified to be salvaged shall be carefully
dismantled without damaged. Steel members shall be match marked unless such match marking
is waived by the Engineer. All salvaged material shall be stored as specified in Subsection
101.2.1.

Structures designated to become the property of the Contractor shall be removed from
the right-of-way.

Blasting or other operations necessary for the removal of an existing structure or

obstruction, which may damage new construction, shall be completed prior to placing the new
work, unless otherwise provided in the Special Provisions.

101.2.3 Removal of Pipes Other than Pipe Culverts

Unless otherwise provided, all pipes shall be carefully removed and every precaution
taken to avoid breakage or damaged. Pipes to be relaid shall be removed and stored when
necessary so that there will be no loss of damage before re-laying. The Contractor shall replace
sections lost from storage or damage by negligence, at his own expense.

101.2.4 Removal of Existing Pavement, Sidewalks, Curbs, etc.

All concrete pavement, base course, sidewalks, curbs, gutters, etc., designated for
removal, shall be:

(1) Broken into pieces and used for riprap on the project, or

(2) Broken into pieces, the size of which shall not exceed 300 mm (12 inches) in any
dimension and stockpiled at designated locations on the project for use by the
Government, or

(3) Otherwise demolished and disposed off as directed by the Engineer. When specified,
ballast, gravel, bituminous materials or other surfacing or pavement materials shall
be removed and stockpiled as required in Subsection 101.2.1, otherwise such
materials shall be disposed off as directed.

There will be no separate payment for excavating for removal of structures and
obstructions or for backfilling and compacting the remaining cavity.

101.3 Method of Measurement

When the Contract stipulates that payment will be made for removal of obstructions on
lump-sum basis, the pay item will include all structures and obstructions encountered within the
roadway. Where the contract stipulates that payment will be made for the removal of specific
items on a unit basis, measurement will be made by the unit stipulated in the Contract.

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 Whenever the Bill of Quantities does not contain an item for any aforementioned
removals, the work will not be paid for directly, but will be considered as a subsidiary obligation
of the Contractor under other Contract Items.

101.4 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantities, measured as prescribed in Section 101.3, shall be paid for at the
Contract unit price or lump sum price bid for each of the Pay Items listed below that is included
in the Bill of Quantities which price and payment shall be full compensation for removing and
disposing of obstructions, including materials, labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary
to complete the work prescribed in this Item. The price shall also include backfilling, salvage
of materials removed, their custody, preservation, storage on the right-of-way and disposal as
provided herein.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

Removal of Actual Structure /

101 (3) b1 Obstruction, 0.15m thick PCCP Square Meter
(Unreinforced)

Removal of Actual Structure /

101 (4) a1 Linear Meter
Obstruction, 610mm ø, RPCP

ITEM 102 – EXCAVATION

102.1 Description

This Item shall consist of roadway and drainage and borrow excavation and the disposal
of material in accordance with this Specification and in conformity with the lines, grades and
dimensions shown on the Plans or established by the Engineer.

102.1.1 Roadway Excavation

Roadway excavation will include excavation and grading for roadways, parking areas,
intersections, approaches, slope rounding, benching, waterways and ditches; removal of
unsuitable material from the roadbed and beneath embankment areas; and excavating selected
material found in the roadway as ordered by the Engineer for specific use in the improvement.
Roadway excavation will be classified as “unclassified excavation”, “rock excavation”,
“common excavation”, or “muck excavation” as indicated in the Bill of Quantities and hereinafter
described.

(1) Unclassified Excavation. Unclassified excavation shall consist of the excavation

and disposal of all materials regardless of its nature, not classified and included in
the Bill of Quantities under other pay items.

(2) Rock Excavation. Rock excavation shall consist of igneous, sedimentary and
metamorphic rock which cannot be excavated without blasting or the use of

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 rippers, and all boulders or other detached stones each having a volume of 1 cubic
meter or more as determined by physical measurements or visually by the
Engineer.

(3) Common Excavation. Common excavations shall consist of all excavation not
included in the Bill of Quantities under “rock excavation” or other pay items.

(4) Muck Excavation. Muck excavation shall consist of the removal and disposal of
deposits of saturated or unsaturated mixtures of soils and organic matter not
suitable for foundation material regardless of moisture content.

102.1.2 Borrow Excavation

Borrow excavation shall consist of the excavation and utilization of approved material
required for the construction of embankments or for other portions of the work, and shall be
obtained from approved sources, in accordance with Clause 61 and the following:

(1) Borrow, Case 1

Borrow Case 1 will consist of material obtained from sources designated on the Plans
or in the Special Provisions.

(2) Borrow, Case 2

Borrow Case 2 will consist of material obtained from sources provided by the
Contractor.

The material shall meet the quality requirements determined by the Engineer unless
otherwise provided in the Contract.

102.2 Construction Requirements

102.2.1 General

When there is evidence of discrepancies on the actual elevations and that shown on the
Plans, a pre-construction survey referred to the datum plane used in the approved Plan shall be
undertaken by the Contractor under the control of the Engineer to serve as basis for the
computation of the actual volume of the excavated materials.

All excavations shall be finished to reasonably smooth and uniform surfaces. No

materials shall be wasted without authority of the Engineer. Excavation operations shall be
conducted so that material outside of the limits of slopes will not be disturbed. Prior to
excavation, all necessary clearing and grubbing in that area shall have been performed in
accordance with Item 100, Clearing and Grubbing.

102.2.2 Conservation of Topsoil

Where provided for on the Plans or in the Special Provisions, suitable topsoil
encountered in excavation and on areas where embankment is to be placed shall be removed to
such extent and to such depth as the Engineer may direct. The removed topsoil shall be
transported and deposited in storage piles at locations approved by the Engineer. The topsoil
shall be completely removed to the required depth from any designated area prior to the beginning

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of regular excavation or embankment work in the area and shall be kept separate from other
excavated materials for later use.

102.2.3 Utilization of Excavated Materials

All suitable material removed from the excavation shall be used in the formation of the
embankment, sub grade, shoulders, slopes, bedding, and backfill for structures, and for other
purposes shown on the Plans or as directed.

The Engineer will designate as unsuitable those soils that cannot be properly compacted
in embankments. All unsuitable material shall be disposed off as shown on the Plans or as
directed without delay to the Contractor.

Only approved materials shall be used in the construction of embankments and backfills.

All excess material, including rock and boulders that cannot be used in embankments
shall be disposed off as directed.

Material encountered in the excavation and determined by the Engineer as suitable for
topping, road finishing, slope protection, or other purposes shall be conserved and utilized as
directed by the Engineer.

Borrow material shall not be placed until after the readily accessible roadway excavation
has been placed in the fill, unless otherwise permitted or directed by the Engineer. If the
Contractor places more borrow than is required and thereby causes a waste of excavation, the
amount of such waste will be deducted from the borrow volume.

102.2.4 Prewatering

Excavation areas and borrow pits may be prewatered before excavating the material.
When prewatering is used, the areas to be excavated shall be moistened to the full depth, from
the surface to the bottom of the excavation. The water shall be controlled so that the excavated
material will contain the proper moisture to permit compaction to the specified density with the
use of standard compacting equipment. Prewatering shall be supplemented where necessary, by
truck watering units, to ensure that the embankment material contains the proper moisture at the
time of compaction.

The Contractor shall provide drilling equipment capable of suitably checking the
moisture penetration to the full depth of the excavation.

102.2.5 Presplitting

Unless otherwise provided in the Contract, rock excavation which requires drilling and
shooting shall be presplit.

Presplitting to obtain faces in the rock and shale formations shall be performed by: (1)
drilling holes at uniform intervals along the slope lines, (2) loading and stemming the holes with
appropriate explosives and stemming material, and (3) detonating the holes simultaneously.

Prior to starting drilling operations for presplitting, the Contractor shall furnish the
Engineer a plan outlining the position of all drill holes, depth of drilling, type of explosives to be
used, loading pattern and sequence of firing. The drilling and blasting plan is for record purposes
only and will not absolve the Contractor of his responsibility for using proper drilling and blasting

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procedures. Controlled blasting shall begin with a short test section of a length approved by the
Engineer. The test section shall be presplit, production drilled and blasted and sufficient material
excavated whereby the Engineer can determine if the Contractor’s methods are satisfactory. The
Engineer may order discontinuance of the presplitting when he determines that the materials
encountered have become unsuitable for being presplit.

The holes shall be charged with explosives of the size, kind, strength, and at the spacing
suitable for the formations being presplit, and with stemming material which passes a 9.5 mm
(3/8 inch) standard sieve and which has the qualities for proper confinement of the explosives.

The finished presplit slope shall be reasonably uniform and free of loose rock. Variance
from the true plane of the excavated back slope shall not exceed 300 mm (12 inches); however,
localized irregularities or surface variations that do not constitute a safety hazard or an
impairment to drainage courses or facilities will be permitted.

A maximum offset of 600 mm (24 inches) will be permitted for a construction working
bench at the bottom of each lift for use in drilling the next lower presplitting pattern.

102.2.6 Excavation of Ditches, Gutters, etc.

All materials excavated from side ditches and gutters, channel changes, irrigation
ditches, inlet and outlet ditches, toe ditchers, furrow ditches, and such other ditches as may be
designated on the Plans or staked by the Engineer, shall be utilized as provided in Subsection
102.2.3.

Ditches shall conform to the slope, grade, and shape of the required cross-section, with
no projections of roots, stumps, rock, or similar matter. The Contractor shall maintain and keep
open and free from leaves, sticks, and other debris all ditches dug by him until final acceptance
of the work.

Furrow ditches shall be formed by plowing a continuous furrow along the line staked by
the Engineer. Methods other than plowing may be used if acceptable to the Engineer. The
ditches shall be cleaned out by hand shovel work, by ditcher, or by some other suitable method,
throwing all loose materials on the downhill side so that the bottom of the finished ditch shall be
approximately 450 mm (18 inches) below the crest of the loose material piled on the downhill
side. Hand finish will not be required, but the flow lines shall be in satisfactory shape to provide
drainage without overflow.

102.2.7 Excavation of Roadbed Level

Rock shall be excavated to a depth of 150 mm (6 inches) below sub grade within the
limits of the roadbed, and the excavation backfilled with material designated on the Plans or
approved by the Engineer and compacted to the required density.

When excavation methods employed by the Contractor leave undrained pockets in the
rock surface, the Contractor shall, at his own expense, properly drain such depressions or when
permitted by the Engineer fill the depressions with approved impermeable material.

Material below sub grade, other than solid rock shall be thoroughly scarified to a depth
of 150 mm (6 inches) and the moisture content increased or reduced, as necessary, to bring the
material throughout this 150 mm layer to the moisture content suitable for maximum compaction.
This layer shall then be compacted in accordance with Subsection 104.3.3.

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102.2.8 Borrow Areas

The Contractor shall notify the Engineer sufficiently in advance of opening any borrow
areas so that cross-section elevations and measurements of the ground surface after stripping may
be taken, and the borrow material can be tested before being used. Sufficient time for testing
the borrow material shall be allowed.

All borrow areas shall be bladed and left in such shape as to permit accurate
measurements after excavation has been completed. The Contractor shall not excavate beyond
the dimensions and elevations established, and no material shall be removed prior to the staking
out and cross-sectioning of the site. The finished borrow areas shall be approximately true to
line and grade established and specified and shall be finished, as prescribed in Clause 61,
Standard Specifications for Public Works and Highways, Volume 1. When necessary to remove
fencing, the fencing shall be replaced in at least as good condition as it was originally. The
Contractor shall be responsible for the confinement of livestock when a portion of the fence is
removed.

102.2.9 Removal of Unsuitable Material

Where the Plans show the top portion of the roadbed to be selected topping, all unsuitable
materials shall be excavated to the depth necessary for replacement of the selected topping to the
required compacted thickness.

Where excavation to the finished graded section results in a sub grade or slopes of
unsuitable soil, the Engineer may require the Contractor to remove the unsuitable material and
backfill to the finished graded section with approved material. The Contractor shall conduct his
operations in such a way that the Engineer can take the necessary cross-sectional measurements
before the backfill is placed.

The excavation of muck shall be handled in a manner that will not permit the entrapment
of muck within the backfill. The material used for backfilling up to the ground line or water
level, whichever is higher, shall be rock or other suitable granular material selected from the
roadway excavation, if available. If not available, suitable material shall be obtained from other
approved sources. Unsuitable material removed shall be disposed off in designated areas shown
on the Plans or approved by the Engineer.

102.3 Method of Measurement

The cost of excavation of material which is incorporated in the Works or in other areas
of fill shall be deemed to be included in the Items of Work where the material is used.

Measurement of Unsuitable or Surplus Material shall be the net volume in its original
position.

For measurement purposes, surplus suitable material shall be calculated as the difference
between the net volume of suitable material required to be used in embankment corrected by
applying a shrinkage factor or a swell factor in case of rock excavation, determined by laboratory
tests to get its original volume measurement, and the net volume of suitable material from
excavation in the original position. Separate pay items shall be provided for surplus common,
unclassified and rock material.

The Contractor shall be deemed to have included in the contract unit prices all costs of
obtaining land for the disposal of unsuitable or surplus material.

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102.4 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantities, measured as prescribed in Section 102.3 shall be paid for at the
contract unit price for each of the Pay Items listed below that is included in the Bill of Quantities
which price and payment shall be full compensation for the removal and disposal of excavated
materials including all labor, equipment, tools, and incidentals necessary to complete the work
prescribed in this Item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

102 (2) Surplus Common Excavation Cubic Meter

ITEM 103 – STRUCTURE EXCAVATION

103.1 Description

This Item shall consist of the necessary excavation for pipe culverts, and drains provided
for in the Specifications. Except as otherwise provided for pipe culverts, the backfilling of
completed structures and the disposal of all excavated surplus materials, shall be in accordance
with these Specifications and in reasonably close conformity with the Plans or as established by
the Engineer.

This Item shall include necessary diverting of live streams, bailing, pumping, draining,
sheeting, bracing, and the necessary construction of cribs and cofferdams, and furnishing the
materials therefore, and the subsequent removal of cribs and cofferdams and the placing of all
necessary backfill.

It shall also include the furnishing and placing of approved foundation fill material to
replace unsuitable material encountered below the foundation elevation of structures.

No allowance will be made for classification of different types of material encountered.

103.2 Construction Requirements

103.2.1 Clearing and Grubbing

Prior to starting excavation operations in any area, all necessary clearing and grubbing
in that area shall have been performed in accordance with Item 100, Clearing and Grubbing.

103.2.2 Excavation

(1) General, all structures. The Contractor shall notify the Engineer sufficiently in
advance of the beginning of any excavation so that cross-sectional elevations and
measurements may be taken on the undisturbed ground. The natural ground
adjacent to the structure shall not be disturbed without permission of the Engineer.

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 Trenches or foundation pits for structures or structure footings shall be excavated
to the lines and grades or elevations shown on the Plans or as staked by the
Engineer. They shall be of sufficient size to permit the placing of structures or
structure footings of the full width and length shown. The elevations of the
bottoms of footings, as shown on the Plans, shall be considered as approximate
only and the Engineer may order, in writing, such changes in dimensions or
elevations of footings as may be deemed necessary, to secure a satisfactory
foundation.

Boulders, logs, and other objectionable materials encountered in excavation shall

be removed.

After each excavation is completed, the Contractor shall notify the Engineer to that
effect and no footing, bedding material or pipe culvert shall be placed until the
Engineer has approved the depth of excavation and the character of the foundation
material.

(2) Structures other than pipe culverts. All rock or other hard foundation materials
shall be cleaned all loose materials, and cut to a firm surface, either level, stepped,
or serrated as directed by the Engineer. All seams or crevices shall be cleaned
and grouted. All loose and disintegrated rocks and thin strata shall be removed.
When the footing is to rest on material other than rock, excavation to final grade
shall not be made until just before the footing is to be placed. When the foundation
material is soft or mucky or otherwise unsuitable, as determined by the Engineer,
the Contractor shall remove the unsuitable material and backfill with approved
granular material. This foundation fill shall be placed and compacted in 150 mm
(6 inches) layers up to the foundation elevation.

When foundation piles are used, the excavation of each pit shall be completed
before the piles are driven and any placing of foundation fill shall be done after the
piles are driven. After the driving is completed, all loose and displaced materials
shall be removed, leaving a smooth, solid bed to receive the footing.

(3) Pipe Culverts. The width of the pipe trench shall be sufficient to permit
satisfactory jointing of the pipe and thorough tamping of the bedding material
under and around the pipe.

Where rock, hardpan, or other unyielding material is encountered, it shall be

removed below the foundation grade for a depth of at least 300 mm or 4 mm for
each 100 mm of fill over the top of pipe, whichever is greater, but not to exceed
three-quarters of the vertical inside diameter of the pipe. The width of the
excavation shall be at least 300 mm (12 inches) greater than the horizontal outside
diameter of the pipe. The excavation below grade shall be backfilled with selected
fine compressible material, such as silty clay or loam, and lightly compacted in
layers not over 150 mm (6 inches) in uncompacted depth to form a uniform but
yielding foundation.

Where a firm foundation is not encountered at the grade established, due to soft,
spongy, or other unstable soil, such unstable soil under the pipe and for a width of
at least one diameter on each side of the pipe shall be removed to the depth directed
by the Engineer and replaced with approved granular foundation fill material
properly compacted to provide adequate support for the pipe, unless other special
construction methods are called for on the Plans.

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 The foundation surface shall provide a firm foundation of uniform density
throughout the length of the culvert and, if directed by the Engineer, shall be
cambered in the direction parallel to the pipe centerline.

Where pipe culverts are to be placed in trenches excavated in embankments, the

excavation of each trench shall be performed after the embankment has been
constructed to a plane parallel to the proposed profile grade and to such height
above the bottom of the pipe as shown on the Plans or directed by the Engineer.

103.2.3 Utilization of Excavated Materials

All excavated materials, so far as suitable, shall be utilized as backfill or embankment.

The surplus materials shall be disposed off in such manner as not to obstruct the stream or
otherwise impair the efficiency or appearance of the structure. No excavated materials shall be
deposited at any time so as to endanger the partly finished structure.

103.2.4 Cofferdams

Suitable and practically watertight cofferdams shall be used wherever water-bearing

strata are encountered above the elevation of the bottom of the excavation. If requested, the
Contractor shall submit drawings showing his proposed method of cofferdam construction, as
directed by the Engineer.

Cofferdams or cribs for foundation construction shall in general, be carried well below
the bottoms of the footings and shall be well braced and as nearly watertight as practicable. In
general, the interior dimensions of cofferdams shall be such as to give sufficient clearance for the
construction of forms and the inspection of their exteriors, and to permit pumping outside of the
forms. Cofferdams or cribs which are tilted or moved laterally during the process of sinking
shall be righted or enlarged so as to provide the necessary clearance.

When conditions are encountered which, as determined by the Engineer, render it

impracticable to dewater the foundation before placing the footing, the Engineer may require the
construction of a concrete foundation seal of such dimensions as he may consider necessary, and
of such thickness as to resist any possible uplift. The concrete for such seal shall be placed as
shown on the Plans or directed by the Engineer. The foundation shall then be dewatered and
the footing placed. When weighted cribs are employed and the mass is utilized to overcome
partially the hydrostatic pressure acting against the bottom of the foundation seal, special
anchorage such as dowels or keys shall be provided to transfer the entire mass of the crib to the
foundation seal. When a foundation seal is placed under water, the cofferdams shall be vented
or ported at low water level as directed.

Cofferdams shall be constructed so as to protect green concrete against damage from

sudden rising of the stream and to prevent damage to the foundation by erosion. No timber or
bracing shall be left in cofferdams or cribs in such a way as to extend into substructure masonry,
without written permission from the Engineer.

Any pumping that may be permitted from the interior of any foundation enclosure shall
be done in such a manner as to preclude the possibility of any portion of the concrete material
being carried away. Any pumping required during the placing of concrete, or for a period of at
least 24 hours thereafter, shall be done from a suitable sump located outside the concrete forms.
Pumping to dewater a sealed cofferdam shall not commence until the seal has set sufficiently to
withstand the hydrostatic pressure.

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 Unless otherwise provided, cofferdams or cribs, with all sheeting and bracing involved
therewith, shall be removed by the Contractor after the completion of the substructure. Removal
shall be effected in such manner as not to disturb or mar finished masonry.

103.2.5 Preservation of Channel

Unless otherwise permitted, no excavation shall be made outside of caissons, cribs,

cofferdams, or sheet piling, and the natural stream bed adjacent to structure shall not be disturbed
without permission from the Engineer. If any excavation or dredging is made at the side of the
structure before caissons, cribs, or cofferdams are sunk in place, the Contractor shall, after the
foundation base is in place, backfill all such excavations to the original ground surface or stream
bed with material satisfactory to the Engineer.

103.2.6 Backfill and Embankment for Structures Other Than Pipe Culverts

Excavated areas around structures shall be backfilled with free draining granular material
approved by the Engineer and placed in horizontal layers not over 150 mm (6 inches) in thickness,
to the level of the original ground surface. Each layer shall be moistened or dried as required
and thoroughly compacted with mechanical tampers.

In placing backfills or embankment, the material shall be placed simultaneously in so far

as possible to approximately the same elevation on both sides of an abutment, pier, or wall. If
conditions require placing backfill or embankment appreciably higher on one side than on the
opposite side, the additional material on the higher side shall not be placed until the masonry has
been in place for 14 days, or until tests made by the laboratory under the supervision of the
Engineer establishes that the masonry has attained sufficient strength to withstand any pressure
created by the methods used and materials placed without damage or strain beyond a safe factor.

Backfill or embankment shall not be placed behind the walls of concrete culverts or
abutments or rigid frame structures until the top slab is placed and cured. Backfill and
embankment behind abutments held at the top by the superstructure, and behind the sidewalls of
culverts, shall be carried up simultaneously behind opposite abutments or sidewalls.

All embankments adjacent to structures shall be constructed in horizontal layers and

compacted as prescribed in Subsection 104.3.3 except that mechanical tampers may be used for
the required compaction. Special care shall be taken to prevent any wedging action against the
structure and slopes bounding or within the areas to be filled shall be benched or serrated to
prevent wedge action. The placing of embankment and the benching of slopes shall continue in
such a manner that at all times there will be horizontal berm of thoroughly compacted material
for a distance at least equal to the height of the abutment or wall to the backfilled against except
insofar as undisturbed material obtrudes upon the area.

Broken rock or coarse sand and gravel shall be provided for a drainage filter at weepholes
as shown on the Plans.

103.2.7 Bedding, Backfill, and Embankment for Pipe Culverts

Bedding, Backfill and Embankment for pipe culverts shall be done in accordance with
Item 500, Pipe Culverts and Storm Drains.

103.3 Method of Measurement

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103.3.1 Structure Excavation

The volume of excavation to be paid for will be the number of cubic meters measured in
original position of material acceptably excavated in conformity with the Plans or as directed by
the Engineer, but in no case, except as noted, will any of the following volumes be included in
the measurement for payment:

(1) The volume outside of vertical planes 450 mm (18 inches) outside of and parallel
to the neat lines of footings and the inside walls of pipe and pipe-arch culverts at
their widest horizontal dimensions.

(2) The volume of excavation for culvert and sections outside the vertical plane for
culverts stipulated in (1) above.

(3) The volume outside of neat lines of under drains as shown on the Plans, and outside
the limits of foundation fill as ordered by the Engineer.

(4) The volume included within the staked limits of the roadway excavation,
contiguous channel changes, ditches, etc., for which payment is otherwise
provided in the Specification.

(5) Volume of water or other liquid resulting from construction operations and which
can be pumped or drained away.

(6) The volume of any excavation performed prior to the taking of elevations and
measurements of the undisturbed ground.

(7) the volume of any material rehandled, except that where the Plans indicate or the
Engineer directs the excavation after embankment has been placed and except that
when installation of pipe culverts by the imperfect trench method specified in Item
500 is required, the volume of material re-excavated as directed will be included.

(8) The volume of excavation for footings ordered at a depth more than 1.5 m (60
inches) below the lowest elevation for such footings shown on the original
Contract Plans, unless the Bill of Quantities contains a pay item for excavation
ordered below the elevations shown on the Plans for individual footings.

The volume of bridge excavation to be paid shall be the vertical 450 mm (18 inches)
outside of and parallel to the neat lines of the footing. The vertical planes shall constitute the
vertical faces of the volume for pay quantities regardless of excavation inside or outside of these
planes.

103.3.3 Foundation Fill

The volume of foundation fill to be paid for will be the number of cubic meters measures
in final position of the special granular material actually provided and placed below the
foundation elevation of structures as specified, complete in place and accepted.

103.3.4 Shoring, Cribbing, and Related Work

Shoring, cribbing and related work whenever included as a pay item in Bill of Quantities
will be paid for at the lump sum bid price. This work shall include furnishing, constructing,
maintaining, and removing any and all shoring, cribbing, cofferdams, caissons, bracing, sheeting

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water control, and other operations necessary for the acceptable completion of excavation
included in the work of this Section, to a depth of 1.5 m below the lowest elevation shown on the
Plans for each separable foundation structure.

103.3.5 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantities, measured as prescribed in Section 103.3, shall be paid for at the
contract unit price for each of the particular pay items listed below that is included in the Bill of
Quantities. The payment shall constitute full compensation for the removal and disposal of
excavated materials including all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete
the work prescribed in this Item, except as follows:

(1) Any excavation for footings ordered at a depth more than 1.5 m below the lowest
elevation shown on the original Contract Plans will be paid for as provided in Part
K, Measurement and Payment, unless a pay item for excavation ordered below
Plan elevation appears in the Bill of Quantities.

(2) Concrete will be measured and paid for as provided under Item 405, Structural
Concrete.

(3) Any roadway or borrow excavation required in excess of the quantity excavated
for structures will be measured and paid for as provided under Item 102.

(4) Shoring, cribbing, and related work required for excavation ordered more than 1.5
m (60 inches) below Plan elevation will be paid for in accordance with Part K.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

103 (1) a Structure Excavation, Common Soil Cubic Meter

Pipe Culverts and Drain Excavation,

103 (6) a Cubic Meter
Common Soil

ITEM 104 – EMBANKMENT

104.1 Description

This Item shall consist of the construction of embankment in accordance with this
Specification and in conformity with the lines, grades and dimensions shown on the Plans or
established by the Engineer.

104.2 Material Requirements

Embankments shall be constructed of suitable materials, in consonance with the

following definitions:

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 1. Suitable Material – Material which is acceptable in accordance with the Contract
and which can be compacted in the manner specified in this Item. It can be
common material or rock.

Selected Borrow, for topping – soil of such gradation that all particles will pass a
sieve with 75 mm (3 inches) square openings and not more than 15 mass percent
will pass the 0.075 mm (No. 200) sieve, as determined by AASHTO T 11. The
material shall have a plasticity index of not more than 6 as determined by ASSHTO
T 90 and a liquid limit of not more than 30 as determined by AASHTO T 89.

2. Unsuitable Material – Material other than suitable materials such as:

(a) Materials containing detrimental quantities of organic materials, such as grass,
roots and sewerage.
(b) Organic soils such as peat and muck.
(c) Soils with liquid limit exceeding 80 and/or plasticity index exceeding 55.
(d) Soils with a natural water content exceeding 100%.
(e) Soils with very low natural density, 800 kg/m3 or lower.
(f) Soils that cannot be properly compacted as determined by the Engineer.

104.3 Construction Requirements

104.3.1 General

Prior to construction of embankment, all necessary clearing and grubbing in that area
shall have been performed in conformity with Item 100, Clearing and Grubbing.

Embankment construction shall consist of constructing roadway embankments,

including preparation of the areas upon which they are to be placed; the construction of dikes
within or adjacent to the roadway; the placing and compacting of approved material within
roadway areas where unsuitable material has been removed; and the placing and compacting of
embankment material in holes, pits, and other depressions within the roadway area.

Embankments and backfills shall contain no muck, peat, sod, roots or other deleterious
matter. Rocks, broken concrete or other solid, bulky materials shall not be placed in embankment
areas where piling is to be placed or driven.

Where shown on the Plans or directed by the Engineer, the surface of the existing ground
shall be compacted to a depth of 150 mm (6 inches) and to the specified requirements of this
Item.

Where provided on the Plans and Bill of Quantities the top portions of the roadbed in
both cuts and embankments, as indicated, shall consist of selected borrow for topping from
excavations.

104.3.2 Methods of Construction

Where there is evidence of discrepancies on the actual elevations and that shown on the
Plans, a preconstruction survey referred to the datum plane used in the approved Plan shall be
undertaken by the Contractor under the control of the Engineer to serve as basis for the
computation of the actual volume of the embankment materials.

When embankment is to be placed and compacted on hillsides, or when new

embankment is to be compacted against existing embankments, or when embankment is built

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one-half width at a time, the existing slopes that are steeper than 3:1 when measured at right
angles to the roadway shall be continuously benched over those areas as the work is brought up
in layers. Benching will be subject to the Engineer’s approval and shall be of sufficient width
to permit operation of placement and compaction equipment. Each horizontal cut shall begin at
the intersection of the original ground and the vertical sides of the previous cuts. Material thus
excavated shall be placed and compacted along with the embankment material in accordance
with the procedure described in this Section.

Unless shown otherwise on the Plans or special Provisions, where an embankment of

less than 1.2 m (4 feet) below sub grade is to be made, all sod and vegetable matter shall be
removed from the surface upon which the embankment is to be placed, and the cleared surfaced
shall be completely broken up by plowing, scarifying, or steeping to a minimum depth of 150
mm except as provided in Subsection 102.2.2. This area shall then be compacted as provided in
Subsection 104.3.3. Sod not required to be removed shall be thoroughly disc harrowed or
scarified before construction of embankment. Wherever a compacted road surface containing
granular materials lies within 900 mm (36 inches) of the sub grade, such old road surface shall
be scarified to a depth of at least 150 mm (6 inches) whenever directed by the Engineer. This
scarified material shall then be compacted as provided in Subsection 104.3.3.

When shoulder excavation is specified, the roadway shoulders shall be excavated to the
depth and width shown on the Plans. The shoulder material shall be removed without disturbing
the adjacent existing base course material, and all excess excavated materials shall be disposed
off as provided in Subsection 102.2.3. If necessary, the areas shall be compacted before being
backfilled.

Roadway embankment of earth material shall be placed in horizontal layers not

exceeding 200 mm (8 inches), loose measurement, and shall be compacted as specified before
the next layer is placed. However, thicker layer maybe placed if vibratory roller with high comp
active effort is used provided that density requirement is attained and as approved by the
Engineer. Trial section to this effect must be conducted and approved by the Engineer. Effective
spreading equipment shall be used on each lift to obtain uniform thickness as determined in the
trial section prior to compaction. As the compaction of each layer progresses, continuous
leveling and manipulating will be required to assure uniform density. Water shall be added or
removed, if necessary, in order to obtain the required density. Removal of water shall be
accomplished through aeration by plowing, blading, dicing, or other methods satisfactory to the
Engineer.

Where embankment is to be constructed across low swampy ground that will not support
the mass of trucks or other hauling equipment, the lower part of the fill may be constructed by
dumping successive loads in a uniformly distributed layer of a thickness not greater than
necessary to support the hauling equipment while placing subsequent layers.

When excavated material contains more than 25 mass percent of rock larger than 150
mm in greatest diameter and cannot be placed in layers of the thickness prescribed without
crushing, pulverizing or further breaking down the pieces resulting from excavation methods,
such materials may be placed on the embankment in layers not exceeding in thickness the
approximate average size of the larger rocks, but not greater than 600 mm (24 inches).

Even though the thickness of layers is limited as provided above, the placing of
individual rocks and boulders greater than 600 mm in diameter will be permitted provided that
when placed, they do not exceed 1200 mm (48 inches) in height and provided they are carefully
distributed, with the interstices filled with finer material to form a dense and compact mass.

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 Each layer shall be leveled and smoothed with suitable leveling equipment and by
distribution of spalls and finer fragments of earth. Lifts of material containing more than 25
mass percent of rock larger than 150 mm in greatest dimensions shall not be constructed above
an elevation 300 mm ( 12 inches) below the finished sub grade. The balance of the embankment
shall be composed of suitable material smoothed and placed in layers not exceeding 200 mm (8
inches) in loose thickness and compacted as specified for embankments.

Dumping and rolling areas shall be kept separate, and no lift shall be covered by another
until compaction complies with the requirements of Subsection 104.3.3.

Hauling and leveling equipment shall be so routed and distributed over each layer of the
fill in such a manner as to make use of compaction effort afforded thereby and to minimize rutting
and uneven compaction.

104.3.3 Compaction

Compaction Trials

Before commencing the formation of embankments, the Contractor shall submit in

writing to the Engineer for approval his proposals for the compaction of each type of fill material
to be used in the works. The proposals shall include the relationship between the types of
compaction equipment, and the number of passes required and the method of adjusting moisture
content. The Contractor shall carry out full scale compaction trials on areas not less than 10 m
wide and 50 m long as required by the Engineer and using his proposed procedures or such
amendments thereto as may be found necessary to satisfy the Engineer that all the specified
requirements regarding compaction can be consistently achieved. Compaction trials with the
main types of fill material to be used in the works shall be completed before work with the
corresponding materials will be allowed to commence.

Throughout the periods when compaction of earthwork is in progress, the Contractor

shall adhere to the compaction procedures found from compaction trials for each type of material
being compacted, each type of compaction equipment employed and each degree of compaction
specified.

Earth

The Contractor shall compact the material placed in all embankment layers and the
material scarified to the designated depth below sub grade in cut sections, until a uniform density
of not less than 95 mass percent of the maximum dry density determined by AASHTO T 99
Method C, is attained, at a moisture content determined by Engineer to be suitable for such
density. Acceptance of compaction may be based on adherence to an approved roller pattern
developed as set forth in Item 106, Compaction Equipment and Density Control Strips.

The Engineer shall during progress of the Work, make density tests of compacted
material in accordance with AASHTO T 191, T 205, or other approved field density tests,
including the use of properly calibrated nuclear testing devices. A correction for coarse particles
may be made in accordance with AASHTO T 224. If, by such tests, the Engineer determines
that the specified density and moisture conditions have not been attained, the Contractor shall
perform additional work as may be necessary to attain the specified conditions.

At least one group of three in-situ density tests shall be carried out for each 500 m of
each layer of compacted fill.

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Rock

Density requirements will not apply to portions of embankments constructed of materials

which cannot be tested in accordance with approved methods.

Embankment materials classified as rock shall be deposited, spread and leveled the full
width of the fill with sufficient earth or other fine material so deposited to fill the interstices to
produce a dense compact embankment. In addition, one of the rollers, vibrators, or compactors
meeting the requirements set forth in Subsection 106.2.1, Compaction Equipment, shall compact
the embankment full width with a minimum of three complete passes for each layer of
embankment.

104.3.4 Protection of Roadbed During Construction

During the construction of the roadway, the roadbed shall be maintained in such
condition that it will be well drained at all times. Side ditches or gutters emptying from cuts to
embankments or otherwise shall be so constructed as to avoid damage to embankments by
erosion.

104.3.5 Protection of Structure

If embankment can be deposited on one side only of abutments, wing walls, piers or
culvert headwalls, care shall be taken that the area immediately adjacent to the structure is not
compacted to the extent that it will cause overturning of, or excessive pressure against the
structure. When noted on the Plans, the fill adjacent to the end bent of a bridge shall not be
placed higher than the bottom of the backfill of the bent until the superstructure is in place. When
embankment is to be placed on both sides of a concrete wall or box type structure, operations
shall be so conducted that the embankment is always at approximately the same elevation on both
sides of the structure.

104.3.6 Rounding and Warping Slopes

Rounding-Except in solid rock, the tops and bottoms of all slopes, including the slopes
of drainage ditches, shall be rounded as indicated on the Plans. A layer of earth overlaying rock
shall be rounded above the rock as done in earth slopes.

Warping-adjustments in slopes shall be made to avoid injury in standing trees or marring

of weathered rock, or to harmonize with existing landscape features, and the transition to such
adjusted slopes shall be gradual. At intersections of cuts and fills, slopes shall be adjusted and
warped to flow into each other or into the natural ground surfaces without noticeable break.

104.3.7 Finishing Roadbed and Slopes

After the roadbed has been substantially completed, the full width shall be conditioned
by removing any soft or other unstable material that will not compact properly or serve the
intended purpose. The resulting areas and all other low sections, holes of depressions shall be
brought to grade with suitable selected material. Scarifying, balding, dragging, rolling, or other
methods of work shall be performed or used as necessary to provide a thoroughly compacted
roadbed shaped to the grades and cross-sections shown on the Plans or as staked by the Engineer.

All earth slopes shall be left with roughened surfaces but shall be reasonably uniform,
without any noticeable break, and in reasonably close conformity with the Plans or other surfaces

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indicated on the Plans or as staked by the Engineer, with no variations there from readily
discernible as viewed from the road.

104.3.8 Serrated Slopes

Cut slopes in rippable material (soft rock) having slope ratios between 0.75:1 and 2:1
shall be constructed so that the final slope line shall consist of a series of small horizontal steps.
The step rise and tread dimensions shall be shown on the Plans. No scaling shall be performed
on the stepped slopes except for removal of large rocks which will obviously be a safety hazard
if they fall into the ditch line or roadway.

104.3.9 Earth Berms

When called for in the Contract, permanent earth berms shall be constructed of well
graded materials with no rocks having a diameter greater than 0.25 the height of the berm. When
local material is not acceptable, acceptable material shall be imported, as directed by the
Engineer.
Compacted Berm
Compacted berm construction shall consist of moistening or drying and placing material
as necessary in locations shown on the drawings or as established by the Engineer. Material
shall contain no frozen material, roots, sod, or other deleterious materials. Contractor shall take
precaution to prevent material from escaping over the embankment slope. Shoulder surface
beneath berm will be roughened to provide a bond between the berm and shoulder when
completed. The Contractor shall compact the material placed until at least 90 mass percent of
the maximum density is obtained as determined by AASHTO T 99, Method C. The cross-section
of the finished compacted berm shall reasonably conform to the typical cross-section as shown
on the Plans.
Uncompacted Berm
Uncompacted berm construction shall consist of drying, if necessary and placing material
in locations shown on the Plans or as established by the Engineer. Material shall contain no
frozen material, roots, sod or other deleterious materials. Contractor shall take precautions to
prevent material from escaping over the embankment slope.

104.4 Method of Measurement

The quantity of embankment to be paid for shall be the volume of material compacted in
place, accepted by the Engineer and formed with material obtained from any source.

Material from excavation per Item 102 which is used in embankment and accepted by
the Engineer will be paid under Embankment and such payment will be deemed to include the
cost of excavating, hauling, stockpiling and all other costs incidental to the work.

Material for Selected Borrow topping will be measured and paid for under the same
conditions specified in the preceding paragraph.

104.5 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantities, measured as prescribed in Section 104.4, shall be paid for at the
Contract unit price for each of the Pay Items listed below that is included in the Bill of Quantities.
The payment shall continue full compensation for placing and compacting all materials including
all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the work prescribed in this Item.
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 Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

104 (1) a Embankment (from Roadway Cubic Meter

Excavation), Common Soil

ITEM 105 – SUBGRADE PREPARATION

105.1 Description

This Item shall consist of the preparation of the sub grade for the support of overlying
structural layers. It shall extend to full width of the roadway. Unless authorized by the Engineer,
sub grade preparation shall not be done unless the Contractor is able to start immediately the
construction of the pavement structure.

105.2 Material Requirements

Unless otherwise stated in the Contract and except when the sub grade is in rock cut, all
materials below sub grade level to a depth 150 mm or to such greater depth as may be specified
shall meet the requirements of Section 104.2, Selected Borrow for Topping.

105.3 Construction Requirements

105.3.1 Prior Works

Prior to commencing preparation of the sub grade, all culverts, cross drains, ducts and
the like (including their fully compacted backfill), ditches, drains and drainage outlets shall be
completed. Any work on the preparation of the

Sub grade shall not be started unless prior work herein described shall have been
approved by the Engineer.

105.3.2 Sub grade Level Tolerances

The finished compacted surface of the sub grade shall conform to the allowable
tolerances as specified hereunder:

Permitted variation from + 20 mm

design LEVEL OF SURFACE - 30 mm
Permitted SURFACE IRREGULARITY
MEASURED BY 3-m STRAIGHT EDGE 30 mm
Permitted variation from
design CROSSFALL OR CAMBER + 0.5 %
Permitted variation from ± 0.1 %

design LONGITUDINAL GRADE

over 25 m length

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105.3.3 Sub grade in Common Excavation

Unless otherwise specified, all materials below sub grade level in earth cuts to a depth
150 mm or other depth shown on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer shall be excavated.
The material, if suitable, shall be set aside for future use or, if unsuitable, shall be disposed off in
accordance with the requirements of Subsection 102.2.9.

Where material has been removed from below sub grade level, the resulting surface shall
be compacted to a depth of 150 mm and in accordance with other requirements of Subsection
104.3.3.

All materials immediately below sub grade level in earth cuts to a depth of 150 mm, or
to such greater depth as may be specified, shall be compacted in accordance with the
requirements of Subsection 104.3.3.

105.3.4 Subgrade in Rock Excavation

Surface irregularities under the subgrade level remaining after trimming of the rock
excavation shall be leveled by placing specified material and compacted to the requirements of
Subsection 104.3.3.

105.3.5 Subgrade on Embankment

After the embankment has been completed, the full width shall be conditioned by
removing any soft or other unstable material that will not compacted properly. The resulting
areas and all other low sections, holes, or depressions shall be brought to grade with suitable
material. The entire roadbed shall be shaped and compacted to the requirements of Subsections
104.3.3. Scarifying, blading, dragging, rolling, or other methods of work shall be performed or
used as necessary to provide a thoroughly compacted roadbed shaped to the cross-sections shown
on the Plans.

105.3.6 Subgrade on Existing Pavement

Where the new pavement is to be constructed immediately over an existing Portland

Cement concrete pavement and if so specified in the Contract the slab be broken into pieces with
greatest dimension of not more than 500 mm and the existing pavement material compacted as
specified in Subsection 104.3.3, as directed by the Engineer. The resulting subgrade level shall,
as part pavement construction be shaped to conform to the allowable tolerances of Subsection
105.3.2 by placing and compacting where necessary a leveling course comprising the material of
the pavement course to be placed immediately above.

Where the new pavement is to be constructed immediately over an existing asphalt

concrete pavement or gravel surface pavement and if so specified in the Contract the pavement
shall be scarified, thoroughly loosened, reshaped and recompacted in accordance with Subsection
104.3.3. The resulting subgrade level shall conform to the allowable tolerances of Subsection
105.3.2.

105.3.7 Protection of Completed Work

The Contractor shall be required to protect and maintain at his own expense the entire
work within the limits of his Contract in good condition satisfactory to the Engineer from the
time he first started work until all work shall have been completed. Maintenance shall include

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repairing and recompacting ruts, ridges, soft spots and deteriorated sections of the subgrade
caused by the traffic of the Contractor’s vehicle/equipment or that of the public.

105.3.8 Templates and Straight-edges

The Contractor shall provide for use of the Engineer, approved templates and straight-
edges in sufficient number to check the accuracy of the work, as provided in this Specification.

105.4 Method of Measurement

105.4.1 Measurement of Items for payment shall be provided only for:

1. The compaction of existing ground below subgrade level in cuts of common material
as specified in Subsection 105.3.3.

2. The breaking up or scarifying, loosening, reshaping and recompacting of existing

pavement as specified in Subsection 105.3.6. The quantity to be paid for shall be
the area of the work specified to be carried out and accepted by the Engineer.

105.4.2 Payment for all work for the preparation of the subgrade, including shaping to the
required levels and tolerances, other than as specified above shall be deemed to be
included in the Pay Item for Embankment.

105.5 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantities, measured as prescribed in Section 105.4, shall be paid for at the
appropriate contract unit price for Pay Item listed below that is included in the Bill of Quantities
which price and payment shall be full compensation for the placing or removal and disposal of
all materials including all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the work
prescribed in this Item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

105 (1) a Subgrade Preparation, Common Soil Square Meter

ITEM 200 – AGGREGATE SUBBASE COURSE

200.1 Description

This item shall consist of furnishing, placing and compacting an aggregate sub base
course on a prepared sub grade in accordance with this Specification and the lines, grades and
cross-sections shown on the Plans, or as directed by the Engineer.

200.2 Material Requirements

Aggregate for sub base shall consist of hard, durable particles or fragments of crushed
stone, crushed slag, or crushed or natural gravel and filler of natural or crushed sand or other
finely divided mineral matter. The composite material shall be free from vegetable matter and

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lumps or balls of clay, and shall be of such nature that it can be compacted readily to form a firm,
stable sub base.

The sub base material shall conform to Table 200.1, Grading Requirements

Table 200.1 – Grading Requirements

Sieve Designation
Standard, mm Alternate US Standard Mass Percent Passing
50 2” 100
25 1” 55 – 85
9.5 3/8” 40 – 75
0.075 No. 200 0 – 12

The fraction passing the 0.075 mm (No. 200) sieve shall not be greater than 0.66 (two
thirds) of the fraction passing the 0.425 mm (No. 40) sieve.

The fraction passing the 0.425 mm (No. 40) sieve shall have a liquid limit not greater
than 35 and plasticity index not greater than 12 as determined by AASHTO T 89 and T 90,
respectively.

The coarse portion, retained on a 2.00 mm (No. 10) sieve, shall have a mass percent of
wear not exceeding 50 by the Los Angeles Abrasion Tests as determined by AASHTO T 96.

The material shall have a soaked CBR value of not less than 25% as determined by
AASHTO T 193. The CBR value shall be obtained at the maximum dry density and determined
by AASHTO T 180, Method D.

200.3 Construction Requirements

200.3.1 Preparation of Existing Surface

The existing surface shall be graded and finished as provided under Item 105, Sub grade
Preparation, before placing the sub base material.

200.3.2 Placing

The aggregate sub base material shall be placed at a uniform mixture on a prepared sub
grade in a quantity which will provide the required compacted thickness. When more than one
layer is required, each layer shall be shaped and compacted before the succeeding layer is placed.

The placing of material shall begin at the point designated by the Engineer. Placing
shall be from vehicles especially equipped to distribute the material in a continuous uniform layer
or windrow. The layer or windrow shall be of such size that when spread and compacted the
finished layer be in reasonably close conformity to the nominal thickness shown on the Plans.

When hauling is done over previously placed material, hauling equipment shall be
dispersed uniformly over the entire surface of the previously constructed layer, to minimize
rutting or uneven compaction.

200.3.3 Spreading and Compacting

When uniformly mixed, the mixture shall be spread to the plan thickness, for compaction.

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 Where the required thickness is 150 mm or less, the material may be spread and
compacted in one layer. Where the required thickness is more than 150 mm, the aggregate sub
base shall be spread and compacted in two or more layers of approximately equal thickness, and
the maximum compacted thickness of any layer shall not exceed 150 mm. All subsequent layers
shall be spread and compacted in a similar manner.

The moisture content of sub base material shall, if necessary, be adjusted prior to
compaction by watering with approved sprinklers mounted on trucks or by drying out, as required
in order to obtain the required compaction.

Immediately following final spreading and smoothening, each layer shall be compacted
to the full width by means of approved compaction equipment. Rolling shall progress gradually
from the sides to the center, parallel to the centerline of the road and shall continue until the
whole surface has been rolled. Any irregularities or depressions that develop shall be corrected
by loosening the material at these places and adding or removing material until surface is smooth
and uniform. Along curbs, headers, and walls, and at all places not accessible to the roller, the
sub base material shall be compacted thoroughly with approved tampers or compactors.

If the layer of sub base material, or part thereof, does not conform to the required finish,
the Contractor shall, at his own expense, make the necessary corrections.

Compaction of each layer shall continue until a field density of at least 100 percent of
the maximum dry density determined in accordance with AASHTO T 180, Method D has been
achieved. In-place density determination shall be made in accordance with AASHTO T 191.

200.3.4 Trial Sections

Before sub base construction is started, the Contractor shall spread and compact trial
sections as directed by the Engineer. The purpose of the trial sections is to check the suitability
of the materials and the efficiency of the equipment and construction method which is proposed
to be used by the Contractor. Therefore, the Contractor must use the same material, equipment
and procedures that he proposes to use for the main work. One trial section of about 500 m 2
shall be made for every type of material and/or construction equipment/procedure proposed for
use.

After final compaction of each trial section, the Contractor shall carry out such field
density tests and other tests required as directed by the Engineer.

If a trial section shows that the proposed materials, equipment or procedures in the
Engineer’s opinion are not suitable for sub base, the material shall be removed at the Contractor’s
expense, and a new trial section shall be constructed.

If the basic conditions regarding the type of material or procedure change during the
execution of the work, new trial sections shall be constructed.

200.3.5 Tolerances

Aggregate sub base shall be spread with equipment that will provide a uniform layer
which when compacted will conform to the designed level and transverse slopes as shown on the
Plans. The allowable tolerances shall be as specified hereunder:

Permitted variation from design ± 20 mm

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 THICKNESS OF LAYER

Permitted variation from design +10 mm

LEVEL OF SURFACE -20 mm

Permitted SURFACE IRREGULARITY

Measured by 3-m straight-edge 20 mm

Permitted variation from design

CROSSFALL OR CAMBER ±0.3%

Permitted variation from design

LONGITUDINAL GRADE over ±0.1%
25 m in length

200.4 Method of Measurement

Aggregate Subbase Course will be measured by the cubic meter (m3). The quantity to
be paid for shall be the design volume compacted in-place as shown on the Plans, and accepted
in the completed course. No allowance will be given for materials placed outside the design
limits shown on the cross-sections. Trial sections shall not be measured separately but shall be
included in the quantity of sub base herein measured.

200.5 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantities, measured as prescribed in Section 200.4, shall be paid for at the
contract unit price for Aggregate Subbase Course which price and payment shall be full
compensation for furnishings and placing all materials, including all labor, equipment, tools and
incidentals necessary to complete the work prescribed in this Item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

200 (1) Aggregate Sub-base Course Cubic Meter

ITEM 311 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT

311.1 Description

This Item shall consist of pavement of Portland Cement Concrete, with or without
reinforcement, constructed on the prepared base in accordance with this Specification and in
conformity with lines, grades, thickness and typical cross-section shown on the Plans.

311.2 Material Requirements

311.2.1 Portland Cement

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 It shall conform to the applicable requirements of Item 700, Hydraulic Cement. Only
Type I Portland Cement shall be used unless otherwise provided for in the Special Provisions.
Different brands or the same brands from different mills shall not be mixed nor shall they be used
alternately unless the mix is approved by the Engineer. However, the use of Portland Pozzolan
Cement Type IP meeting the requirements of AASHTO M 240/ASTM C 695, Specifications for
Blended Hydraulic Cement shall be allowed, provided that trial mixes shall be done and that the
mixes meet the concrete strength requirements, the AASHTO/ASTM provisions pertinent to the
use of Portland Pozzolan Type IP shall be adopted.

Cement which for any reason, has become partially set or which contains lumps of caked
cement will be rejected. Cement salvaged from discarded or used bags shall not be used.

Samples of Cement shall be obtained in accordance with AASHTO T 127.

311.2.2 Fine Aggregate

It shall consist of natural sand, stone screenings or other inert materials with similar
characteristics, or combinations thereof, having hard, strong and durable particles. Fine
aggregate from different sources of supply shall not be mixed or stored in the same pile nor used
alternately in the same class of concrete without the approval of the Engineer.

It shall not contain more than three (3) mass percent of material passing the 0.075 mm
(No. 200 sieve) by washing nor more than one (1) mass percent each of clay lumps or shale. The
use of beach sand will not be allowed without the approval of the Engineer.

If the fine aggregate is subjected to five (5) cycles of the sodium sulfate soundness test,
the weighted loss shall not exceed 10 mass percent.

The fine aggregate shall be free from injurious amounts of organic impurities. If
subjected to the colorimetric test for organic impurities and a color darker than the standard is
produced, it shall be rejected. However, when tested for the effect of organic impurities of
strength of mortar by AASHTO T 71, the fine aggregate may be used if the relative strength at 7
and 28 days is not less than 95 mass percent.

The fine aggregate shall be well-graded from coarse to fine and shall conform to Table
311.1

Table 311.1 – Grading Requirements for Fine Aggregate

Sieve Designation Mass Percent Passing

9.5 mm (3/8 in) 100
4.75 mm (No. 4) 95 – 100
2.36 mm (No. 8) -
1.18 mm (No. 16) 45 – 80
0.600 mm (No. 30) -
0.300 mm (No. 50) 5 – 30
0.150 mm (No. 100) 0 – 10

311.2.3 Coarse Aggregate

It shall consist of crushed stone, gravel, blast furnace slag, or other approved inert
materials of similar characteristics, or combinations thereof, having hard, strong, durable pieces
and free from any adherent coatings.
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 It shall contain not more than one (1) mass percent of material passing the 0.075 mm
(No. 200) sieve, not more than 0.25 mass percent of clay lumps, nor more than 3.5 mass percent
of soft fragments.

If the coarse aggregate is subjected to five (5) cycles of the sodium sulfate soundness
test, the weighted loss shall not exceed 12 mass percent.

It shall have a mass percent of wear not exceeding 40 when tested by AASHTO T 96.

If the slag is used, its density shall not be less than 1120 kg/m3 (70 lb./cu. ft.). The
gradation of the coarse aggregate shall conform to Table 311.2. Only one grading specification
shall be used from any one source.

Table 311.2 – Grading Requirement for Coarse Aggregate

Sieve Designation Mass Percent Passing

Standard Alternate Grading Grading Grading
Mm U. S. A B C
Standard
75.00 3 in. 100 - -
63.00 2-1/2 in. 90-100 100 100
50.00 2 in. - 90-100 95-100
37.5 1-1/2 in. 25-60 35-70 -
25.0 1 in. - 0-15 35-70
19.0 ¾ in. 0-10 - -
12.5 ½ in. 0-5 0-5 10-30
4.75 No. 4 - - 0-5

311.2.4 Water

Water used in mixing, curing or other designated application shall be reasonably clean
and free of oil, salt, acid, alkali, grass or other substances injurious to the finished product. Water
will be tested in accordance with and shall meet the requirements of Item 714, Water. Water
which is drinkable may be used without test. Where the source of water is shallow, the intake
shall be so enclosed as to exclude silt, mud, grass or other foreign materials.

311.2.5 Reinforcing Steel

It shall conform to the requirements of Item 404, Reinforcing Steel. Dowels and tie bars
shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 31 or M 42, except that rail steel shall not be
used for tie bars that are to be bent and restraightened during construction. Tie bars shall be
deformed bars. Dowels shall be plain round bars. Before delivery to the site of work, one-half of
the length of each dowel shall be painted with one coat of approved lead or tar paint.

The sleeves for dowel bars shall be metal of approved design to cover 50 mm (2 inches),
plus or minus 5 mm (1/4 inch) of the dowel, with a closed end, and with a suitable stop to hold
the end of the sleeve at least 25 mm (1 inch) from the end of the dowel. Sleeves shall be of such
design that they do not collapse during construction.

311.2.6 Joint Fillers

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 Poured joint fillers shall be mixed asphalt and mineral or rubber filler conforming to the
applicable requirements of Item 705, Joint Materials.

Preformed joint filler shall conform to the applicable requirements of Item 705. It shall
be punched to admit the dowels where called for in the Plans. The filler for each joint shall be
furnished in a single piece for the full depth and width required for the joint.

311.2.7 Admixtures

Air-entraining admixture shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M

154.Chemical admixtures, if specified or permitted, shall conform to the requirements of
AASHTO M 194.

Fly Ash, if specified or permitted as a mineral admixture and as 20% partial replacement
of Portland Cement in concrete mix shall conform to the requirements of ASTM C 618.

Admixture should be added only to the concrete mix to produce some desired
modifications to the properties of concrete where necessary, but not as partial replacement of
cement.

311.2.8 Curing Materials

Curing materials shall conform to the following requirements as specified;

a) Burlap cloth - AASHTO M 182

b) Liquid membrane forming compounds - AASHTO M 148

- AASHTO M 171
c) Sheeting (film) materials
Cotton mats and water-proof paper can be used.

311.2.9 Calcium Chloride/Calcium Nitrate

It shall conform to AASHTO M 144, if specified or permitted by the Engineer, as

accelerator.

311.2.10 Storage of Cement and Aggregate

All cement shall be stored, immediately upon delivery at the Site, in weatherproof
building which will protect the cement from dampness. The floor shall be raised from the
ground. The buildings shall be placed in locations approved by the Engineer. Provisions for
storage shall be ample, and the shipments of cement as received shall be separately stored in such
a manner as to allow the earliest deliveries to be used first and to provide easy access for
identification and inspection of each shipment. Storage buildings shall have capacity for storage
of a sufficient quantity of cement to allow sampling at least twelve (12) days before the cement
is to be used. Bulk cement, if used, shall be transferred to elevated air tight and weatherproof
bins. Stored cement shall meet the test requirements at any time after storage when retest is
ordered by the Engineer. At the time of use, all cement shall be free-flowing and free of lumps.

The handling and storing of concrete aggregates shall be such as to prevent segregation
or the inclusion of foreign materials. The Engineer may require that aggregates be stored on
separate platforms at satisfactory locations.

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 In order to secure greater uniformity of concrete mix, the Engineer may require that the
coarse aggregate be separated into two or more sizes. Different sizes of aggregate shall be stored
in separate bins or in separate stockpiles sufficiently removed from each other to prevent the
material at the edges of the piles from becoming intermixed.

311.2.11 Proportioning, Consistency and Strength of Concrete

The Contractor shall prepare the design mix based on the absolute volume method as
outlined in the American Concrete Institute (ACI) Standard 211.1, “Recommended Practice for
Selecting Proportions for Normal and Heavyweight Concrete”.

It is the intent of this Specification to require at least 364 kg of cement per cubic meter
of concrete to meet the minimum strength requirements. The Engineer shall determine from
laboratory tests of the materials to be used, the cement content and the proportions of aggregate
and water that will produce workable concrete having a slump of between 40 and 75 mm (1-1/2
and 3 inches) if not vibrated or between 10 and 40 mm (1/2 and 1-1/2 inches) if vibrated, and a
flexural strength of not less than 3.8 MPa (550 psi) when tested by the third-point method or 4.5
MPa (650 psi) when tested by the mid-point method at fourteen (14) days in accordance with
AASHTO T97 and T177, respectively; or a compressive strength of 24.1 MPa (3500 psi) for
cores taken at fourteen (14) days and tested in accordance with AASHTO T24.

Slump shall be determined using AASHTO T 119.

The designer shall consider the use of lean concrete (econocrete) mixtures using local
materials or specifically modified conventional concrete mixes in base course and in the lower
course composite, monolithic concrete pavements using a minimum of 75 mm (3 inches) of
conventional concrete as the surface course.

The mix design shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval and shall be accompanied
with certified test data from an approved laboratory demonstrating the adequacy of the mix
design. A change in the source of materials during the progress of work may necessitate a new
design mix.

311.3 Construction Requirements

311.3.1 Quality Control of Concrete

1. General

The Contractor shall be responsible for the quality control of all materials during
the handling, blending, and mixing and placement operations.

2. Quality Control Plan

The Contractor shall furnish the Engineer a Quality Control Plan detailing his
production control procedures and the type and frequency of sampling and testing
to insure that the concrete produces complies with the Specifications. The
Engineer shall be provided free access to recent plant production records, and if
requested, informational copies of mix design, materials certifications and
sampling and testing reports.

3. Qualification of Workmen

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 Experienced and qualified personnel shall perform all batching or mixing
operation for the concrete mix, and shall be present at the plant and job site to
control the concrete productions whenever the plant is in operation. They shall
be identified and duties defined as follows:

a. Concrete Batcher. The person performing the batching or mixing operation

shall be capable of accurately conducting aggregate surface moisture
determination and establishing correct scale weights for concrete materials.
He shall be capable of assuring that the proportioned batch weights of
materials are in accordance with the mix design.

b. Concrete Technician. The person responsible for concrete production

control and sampling and testing for quality control shall be proficient in
concrete technology and shall have a sound knowledge of the Specifications
as they relate to concrete production. He shall be capable of conducting
tests on concrete and concrete materials in accordance with these
Specifications. He shall be capable of adjusting concrete mix designs for
improving workability and Specification compliance and preparing trial mix
designs. He shall be qualified to act as the concrete batcher in the batcher’s
absence.

4. Quality Control Testing

The Contractor shall perform all sampling, testing and inspection necessary to
assure quality control of the component materials and the concrete.

The Contractor shall be responsible for determining the gradation of fine and
coarse aggregates and for testing the concrete mixture for slump, air content,
water-cement ratio and temperature. He shall conduct his operations so as to
produce a mix conforming to the approved mix design.

5. Documentation

The Contractor shall maintain adequate records of all inspections and tests. The
records shall indicate the nature and number of observations made, the number and
type of deficiencies found, the quantities approved and rejected, and nature of any
corrective action taken.

The Engineer may take independent assurance samples at random location for
acceptance purposes as he deems necessary.

311.3.2 Equipment

Equipment and tools necessary for handling materials and performing all parts of the
work shall be approved by the Engineer as to design, capacity and mechanical condition. The
equipment shall be at the jobsite sufficiently ahead of the start of construction operations to be
examined thoroughly and approved.

1. Batching Plant and Equipment

a. General. The batching shall include bins, weighing hoppers, and scales for
the fine aggregate and for each size of coarse aggregate. If cement is used
in bulk, a bin, a hopper, and separate scale for cement shall be included. The

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 weighing hopper shall be properly sealed and vented to preclude dusting
operation. The batch plant shall be equipped with a suitable non-resettable
batch counter which will correctly indicate the number of batches
proportioned.

b. Bins and Hoppers. Bins with adequate separate compartments for fine
aggregate and for each size of coarse aggregate shall be provided in the
batching plant.

c. Scales. Scales for weighing aggregates and cement shall be of either the
beam type or the spring less-dial type. They shall be accurate within one-
half percent (0.5%) throughout the range of use. Poises shall be designed
to be locked in any position and to prevent unauthorized change. Scales shall
be inspected and sealed as often as the Engineer may deem necessary to
assure their continued accuracy.

d. Automatic Weighing Devices. Unless otherwise allowed on the Contract,

batching plants shall be equipped with automatic weighing devices of an
approved type to proportion aggregates and bulk cement.

2. Mixers.

a. General. Concrete may be mixed at the Site of construction or at a central

plant, or wholly or in part in truck mixers. Each mixer shall have a
manufacturer’s plate attached in a prominent place showing the capacity of
the drum in terms of volume of mixed concrete and the speed of rotation of
the mixing drum or blades.

b. Mixers at Site of Construction. Mixing shall be done in an approved mixer

capable of combining the aggregates, cement and water into a thoroughly
mixed and uniform mass within the specified mixing period and discharging
and distributing the mixture without segregation on the prepared grade. The
mixer shall be equipped with an approved timing device which will
automatically lock the discharge lever when the drum has been charged and
released it at the end of the mixing period. In case of failure of the timing
device, the mixer may be used for the balance of the day while it is being
repaired, provided that each batch is mixed 90 seconds. The mixer shall be
equipped with a suitable non resettable batch counter which shall correctly
indicate the number of the batches mixed.

c. Truck Mixer and Truck Agitators. Truck mixers used for mixing and
hauling concrete, and truck agitators used for hauling central-mixed
concrete, shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 157.

d. Non-Agitator Truck. Bodies of non-agitating hauling equipment for

concrete shall be smooth, mortar-tight metal containers and shall be capable
of discharging the concrete at a satisfactory controlled rate without
segregation.

3. Paving and Finishing Equipment

The concrete shall be placed with an approved paver designed to spread,

consolidate, screed and float finish the freshly placed concrete in one complete

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 pass of the machine in such a manner that a minimum of hand finishing will be
necessary to provide a dense and homogeneous pavement in conformance with the
Plans and Specifications.

The finishing machine shall be equipped with at least two (2) oscillating type
transverse screed.

Vibrators shall operate at a frequency of 8,300 to 9,600 impulses per minute under
load at a maximum spacing of 60 cm.

4. Concrete Saw

The Contractor shall provide sawing equipment in adequate number of units and
power to complete the sawing with a water-cooled diamond edge saw blade or an
abrasive wheel to the required dimensions and at the required rate. He shall
provide at least one (1) stand-by saw in good working condition and with an ample
supply of saw blades.

5. Forms

Forms shall be of steel, of an approved section, and of depth equal to the thickness
of the pavement at the edge. The base of the forms shall be of sufficient width to
provide necessary stability in all directions. The flange braces must extend
outward on the base to not less than 2/3 the height of the form.

All forms shall be rigidly supported on bed of thoroughly compacted material

during the entire operation of placing and finishing the concrete. Forms shall be
provided with adequate devices for secure setting so that when in place, they will
withstand, without visible spring or settlement, the impact and vibration of the
consolidation and finishing or paving equipment.

311.3.3 Preparation of Grade

After the sub grade of base has been placed and compacted to the required density, the
areas which will support the paving machine and the grade on which the pavement is to be
constructed shall be trimmed to the proper elevation by means of a properly designed machine
extending the prepared work areas compacted at least 60 cm beyond each edge of the proposed
concrete pavement. If loss of density results from the trimming operations, it shall be restored
by additional compaction before concrete is placed. If any traffic is allowed to use the prepared
sub grade or base, the surface shall be checked and corrected immediately ahead of the placing
concrete.

The sub grade or base shall be uniformly moist when the concrete is placed.

311.3.4 Setting Forms

1. Base Support.

The foundation under the forms shall be hard and true to grade so that the form
when set will be firmly in contact for its whole length and at the specified grade.
(Any roadbed, which at the form line is found below established grade, shall be
filled with approved granular materials to grade in lifts of three (3) cm or less, and

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 thoroughly rerolled or tamped.) Imperfections or variations above grade shall be
corrected by tamping or by cutting as necessary.

2. Form Setting

Forms shall be set sufficiently in advance of the point where concrete is being
placed. After the forms have been set to correct grade, the grade shall be
thoroughly tamped, mechanically or by hand, at both the inside and outside edges
of the base of the forms. The forms shall not deviate from true line by more than
one (1) cm at any point.

3. Grade and Alignment

The alignment and grade elevations of the forms shall be checked and corrections
made by the Contractor immediately before placing the concrete. Testing as to
crown and elevation, prior to placing of concrete can be made by means of holding
an approved template in a vertical position and moved backward and forward on
the forms. When any form has been disturbed or any grade has become unstable,
the form shall be reset and rechecked.

311.3.5 Conditioning of Sub grade or Base Course

When side forms have been securely set to grade, the sub grade or base course shall be
brought to proper cross-section. High areas shall be trimmed to proper elevation. Low areas
shall be filled and compacted to a condition similar to that of surrounding grade. The finished
grade shall be maintained in a smooth and compacted condition until the pavement is placed.

Unless waterproof sub grade or base course cover material is specified, the sub grade or
base course shall be uniformly moist when the concrete is placed. If it subsequently becomes
too dry, the sub grade or base course shall be sprinkled, but the method of sprinkling shall not be
such as to form mud or pools of water.

311.3.6 Handling, Measuring and Batching Materials

The batch plant site, layout, equipment and provisions for transporting material shall be
such as to assure a continuous supply of material to the work.

Stockpiles shall be built up in layers of not more than one (1) meter in thickness. Each
layer shall be completely in place before beginning the next which shall not be allowed to “cone”
down over the next lower layer. Aggregates from different sources and of different grading shall
not be stockpiled together.

All washed aggregates and aggregates produced or handled by hydraulic methods, shall
be stockpiled or binned for draining at least twelve (12) hours before being batched.

When mixing is done at the side of the work, aggregates shall be transported from the
batching plant to the mixer in batch boxes, vehicle bodies, or other containers of adequate
capacity and construction to properly carry the volume required. Partitions separating batches
shall be adequate and effective to prevent spilling from one compartment to another while in
transit or being dumped. When bulk cement is used, the Contractor shall use a suitable method
of handling the cement from weighing hopper to transporting container or into the batch itself for
transportation to the mixer, with chute, boot or other approved device, to prevent loss of cement,

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and to provide positive assurance of the actual presence in each batch of the entire cement content
specified.

Bulk cement shall be transported to the mixer in tight compartments carrying the full
amount of cement required for the batch. However, if allowed in the Special Provisions, it may
be transported between the fine and coarse aggregate. When cement is placed in contact with
the aggregates, batches may be rejected unless mixed within 1-1/2 hours of such contact. Cement
in original shipping packages may be transported on top of the aggregates, each batch containing
the number of sacks required by the job mix.

The mixer shall be charged without loss of cement. Batching shall be so conducted as
to result in the weight to each material required within a tolerance of one (1) percent for the
cement and two (2) percent for aggregates.

Water may be measured either by volume or by weight. The accuracy of measuring the
water shall be within a range of error of not over than one (1) percent. Unless the water is to be
weighed, the water-measuring equipment shall include an auxiliary tank from which the
measuring tank shall be equipped with an outside tap and valve to provide checking the setting,
unless other means are provided for readily and accurately determining the amount of water in
the tank. The volume of the auxiliary tank shall be at least equal to that of the measuring tank.

311.3.7 Mixing Concrete

The concrete may be mixed at the site of the work in a central-mix plant, or in truck
mixers. The mixer shall be of an approved type and capacity. Mixing time will be measured
from the time all materials, except water, are in the drum. Ready-mixed concrete shall be mixed
and delivered in accordance with requirements of AASHTO M 157, except that the minimum
required revolutions at the mixing speed for transit-mixed concrete may be reduced to not less
than that recommended by the mixer manufacturer. The number of revolutions recommended
by the mixer manufacturer shall be indicated on the manufacturer’s serial plate attached to the
mixer. The Contractor shall furnish test data acceptable to the Engineer verifying that the make
and model of the mixer will produce uniform concrete conforming to the provision of AASHTO
M 157 at the reduced number of revolutions shown on the serial plate.

When mixed at the site or in a central mixing plant, the mixing time shall not be less than
fifty (50) seconds nor more than ninety (90) seconds, unless mixer performance tests prove
adequate mixing of the concrete is a shorter time period.

Four (4) seconds shall be added to the specified mixing time if timing starts at the instant
the skip reaches its maximum raised positions. Mixing time ends when the discharge chute
opens. Transfer time in multiple drum mixers is included in mixing time. The contents of an
individual mixer drum shall be removed before a succeeding batch is emptied therein.

The mixer shall be operated at the drum speed as shown on the manufacturer’s name
plate attached on the mixer. Any concrete mixed less than the specified time shall be discarded
and disposed off by the Contractor at his expense. The volume of concrete mixed per batch shall
not exceed the mixer’s nominal capacity in cubic meter, as shown on the manufacturer’s standard
rating plate on the mixer, except that an overload up to ten (10) percent above the mixer’s nominal
capacity may be permitted provided concrete test data for strength, segregation, and uniform
consistency are satisfactory, and provided no spillage of concrete takes place.

The batches shall be so charged into the drum that a portion of the mixing water shall be
entered in advance of the cement and aggregates. The flow of water shall be uniform and all

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water shall be in the drum by the end of the first fifteen (15) seconds of the mixing period. The
throat of the drum shall be kept free of such accumulations as may restrict the free flow of
materials into the drum.

Mixed concrete from the central mixing plant shall be transported in truck mixers, truck
agitators or non-agitating truck specified in Subsection 311.3.2, Equipment. The time elapsed
from the time water is added to the mix until the concrete is deposited in place at the Site shall
not exceed forty-five (45) minutes when the concrete is hauled in non-agitating trucks, nor ninety
(90) minutes when hauled in truck mixers or truck agitators, except that in hot weather or under
other conditions contributing to quick hardening of the concrete, the maximum allowable time
may be reduced by the Engineer.

In exceptional cases and when volumetric measurements are authorized for small project
requiring less than 75 cu.m. of concrete per day of pouring, the weight proportions shall be
converted to equivalent volumetric proportions. In such cases, suitable allowance shall be made
for variations in the moisture condition of the aggregates, including the bulking effect in the fine
aggregate. Batching and mixing shall be in accordance with ASTM C 685, Section 6 through 9.

Concrete mixing by chute is allowed provided that a weighing scale for determining the
batch weight will be used.

Retampering concrete by adding water or by other means shall not be permitted, except
that when concrete is delivered in truck mixers, additional water may be added to the batch
materials and additional mixing performed to increase the slump to meet the specified
requirements, if permitted by the Engineer, provided all these operations are performed within
forty-five (45) minutes after the initial mixing operation and the water-cement ratio is not
exceeded. Concrete that is not within the specified slump limits at the time of placement shall
not be used. Admixtures for increasing the workability or for accelerating the setting of the
concrete will be permitted only when specifically approved by the Engineer.

311.3.8 Limitation of Mixing

No concrete shall be mixed, placed or finished when natural light is insufficient, unless
an adequate and approved artificial lighting system is operated.

During hot weather, the Engineer shall require that steps be taken to prevent the
temperature of mixed concrete from exceeding a maximum temperature of 900F (320C).

Concrete not in place within ninety (90) minutes from the time the ingredients were
charged into the mixing drum or that has developed initial set shall not be used. Retampering of
concrete or mortar which has partially hardened, that is remixing with or without additional
cement, aggregate, or water, shall not be permitted.

In order that the concrete may be properly protected against the effects of rain before the
concrete is sufficiently hardened, the Contractor will be required to have available at all times
materials for the protection of the edges and surface of the unhardened concrete.

311.3.9 Placing Concrete

Concrete shall be deposited in such a manner to require minimal re handling. Unless

truck mixers or non-agitating hauling equipment are equipped with means to discharge concrete
without segregation of the materials, the concrete shall be unloaded into an approved spreading
device and mechanically spread on the grade in such a manner as to prevent segregation. Placing

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shall be continuous between transverse joints without the use of intermediate bulkheads.
Necessary hand spreading shall be done with shovels, not rakes. Workmen shall not be allowed
to walk in the freshly mixed concrete with boots or shoes coated with earth or foreign substances.

When concrete is to be placed adjoining a previously constructed lane and mechanical

equipment will be operated upon the existing lane, that previously constructed lane shall have
attained the strength for fourteen (14) day concrete. If only finishing equipment is carried on
the existing lane, paving in adjoining lanes may be permitted after three (3) days.

Concrete shall be thoroughly consolidated against and along the faces of all forms and
along the full length and on both sides of all joint assemblies, by means of vibrators inserted in
the concrete. Vibrators shall not be permitted to come in contact with a joint assembly, the
grade, or a side form. In no case shall the vibrator be operated longer than fifteen (15) seconds
in any one location.

Concrete shall be deposited as near as possible to the expansion and contraction joints
without disturbing them, but shall not be dumped from the discharge bucket or hopper into a joint
assembly unless the hopper is well centered on the joint assembly. Should any concrete material
fall on or be worked into the surface of a complete slab, it shall be removed immediately.

311.3.10 Test Specimens

As work progresses, at least one (1) set consisting of three (3) concrete beam test
specimens, 150 mm x 150 mm x 525 mm or 900 mm shall be taken from each 330 m 2 of
pavement, 230 mm depth, or fraction thereof placed each day. Test specimens shall be made
under the supervision of the Engineer, and the Contractor shall provide all concrete and other
facilities necessary in making the test specimens and shall protect them from damage by
construction operations. Cylinder samples shall not be used as substitute for determining the
adequacy of the strength of concrete.

The beams shall be made, cured, and tested in accordance with AASHTO T 23 and T 97.

311.3.11 Strike-off of Concrete and Placement of Reinforcement

Following the placing of the concrete, it shall be struck off to conform to the cross-
section shown on the Plans and to an elevation such that when the concrete is properly
consolidated and finished, the surface of the pavement will be at the elevation shown on the
Plans. When reinforced concrete pavement is placed in two (2) layers, the bottom layer shall be
struck off and consolidated to such length and depth that the sheet of fabric or bar mat may be
laid full length on the concrete in its final position without further manipulation. The
reinforcement shall then be placed directly upon the concrete, after which the top layer of the
concrete shall be placed, struck off and screeded. Any portion of the bottom layer of concrete
which has been placed more than 30 minutes without being covered with the top layer shall be
removed and replaced with freshly mixed concrete at the Contractor’s expense. When reinforced
concrete is placed in one layer, the reinforcement may be firmly positioned in advance of concrete
placement or it may be placed at the depth shown on the Plans in plastic concrete, after spreading
by mechanical or vibratory means.

Reinforcing steel shall be free from dirt, oil, paint, grease, mill scale and loose or thick
rust which could impair bond of the steel with the concrete.

311.3.12 Joints

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 Joints shall be constructed of the type and dimensions, and at the locations required by
the Plans or Special Provisions. All joints shall be protected from the intrusion of injurious
foreign material until sealed.

1. Longitudinal Joint

Deformed steel tie bars of specified length, size, spacing and materials shall be
placed perpendicular to the longitudinal joints, they shall be placed by approved
mechanical equipment or rigidly secured by chair or other approved supports to
prevent displacement. Tie bars shall not be painted or coated with asphalt or other
materials or enclosed in tubes or sleeves. When shown on the Plans and when
adjacent lanes of pavement are constructed separately, steel side forms shall be
used which will form a keyway along the construction joint. Tie bars, except those
made of rail steel, may be bent at right angles against the form of the first lane
constructed and straightened into final position before the concrete of the adjacent
lane is placed, or in lieu of bent tie bars, approved two-piece connectors may be
used.

Longitudinal formed joints shall consist of a groove or cleft, extending downward

from and normal to, the surface of the pavement. These joints shall be effected or
formed by an approved mechanically or manually operated device to the
dimensions and line indicated on the Plans and while the concrete is in a plastic
state. The groove or cleft shall be filled with either a pre molded strip or poured
material as required.

The longitudinal joints shall be continuous, there shall be no gaps in either

transverse or longitudinal joints at the intersection of the joints.

Longitudinal sawed joints shall be cut by means of approved concrete saws to the
depth, width and line shown on the Plans. Suitable guide lines or devices shall be
used to assure cutting the longitudinal joint on the true line. The longitudinal joint
shall be sawed before the end of the curing period or shortly thereafter and before
any equipment or vehicles are allowed on the pavement. The sawed area shall be
thoroughly cleaned and, if required, the joint shall immediately be filled with
sealer.

Longitudinal pavement insert type joints shall be formed by placing a continuous

strip of plastic materials which will not react adversely with the chemical
constituent of the concrete.

2. Transverse Expansion Joint

The expansion joint filler shall be continuous from form to form, shaped to sub
grade and to the keyway along the form. Preformed joint filler shall be furnished
in lengths equal to the pavement width or equal to the width of one lane. Damaged
or repaired joint filler shall not be used.

The expansion joint filler shall be held in a vertical position. An approved

installing bar, or other device, shall be used if required to secure preformed
expansion joint filler at the proper grade and alignment during placing and
finishing of the concrete. Finished joint shall not deviate more than 6 mm from a
straight line. If joint fillers are assembled in sections, there shall be no offsets

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 between adjacent units. No plugs of concrete shall be permitted anywhere within
the expansion space.

3. Transverse Contraction Joint/Weakened Joint

When shown on the Plans, it shall consist of planes of weakness created by forming
or cutting grooves in the surface of the pavement and shall include load transfer
assemblies. The depth of the weakened plane joint should at all times not be less
than 50 mm, while the width should not be more than 6 mm.

a. Transverse Strip Contraction Joint. It shall be formed by installing a parting

strip to be left in place as shown on the Plans.

b. Formed Groove. It shall be made by depressing an approved tool or device

into the plastic concrete. The tool or device shall remain in place at least
until the concrete has attained its initial set and shall then be removed
without disturbing the adjacent concrete, unless the device is designed to
remain in the joint.

c. Sawed Contraction Joint. It shall be created by sawing grooves in the

surface of the pavement of the width not more than 6 mm, depth should at
all times not be less than 50 mm, and at the spacing and lines shown on the
Plans, with an approved concrete saw. After each joint is sawed, it shall be
thoroughly cleaned including the adjacent concrete surface.

Sawing of the joint shall commence as soon as the concrete has hardened
sufficiently to permit sawing without excessive raveling, usually 4 to 24
hours. All joints shall be sawed before uncontrolled shrinkage cracking
takes place. If necessary, the sawing operations shall be carried on during
the day or night, regardless of weather conditions. The sawing of any joint
shall be omitted if crack occurs at or near the joint location prior to the time
of sawing. Sawing shall be discounted when a crack develops ahead of the
saw. In general, all joints should be sawed in sequence. If extreme
condition exist which make it impractical to prevent erratic cracking by early
sawing, the contraction joint groove shall be formed prior to initial set of
concrete as provided above.

4. Transverse Construction Joint

It shall be constructed when there is an interruption of more than 30 minutes in the

concreting operations. No transverse joint shall be constructed within 1.50 m of
an expansion joint, contraction joint, or plane of weakness. If sufficient concrete
has been mixed at the time of interruption to form a slab of at least 1.5 m long, the
excess concrete from the last preceding joint shall be removed and disposed off as
directed.

5. Load Transfer Device

Dowel, when used, shall be held in position parallel to the surface and center line
of the slab by a metal device that is left in the pavement.

The portion of each dowel painted with one coat of lead or tar, in conformance
with the requirements of Item 404, Reinforcing Steel, shall be thoroughly coated

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 with approved bituminous materials, e.g., MC-70, or an approved lubricant, to
prevent the concrete from binding to that portion of the dowel. The sleeves for
dowels shall be metal designed to cover 50 mm plus or minus 5 mm (1/4 inch), of
the dowel, with a watertight closed end and with a suitable stop to hold the end of
the sleeves at least 25 mm (1 inch) from the end of the dowel.

In lieu of using dowel assemblies at contraction joints, dowel may be placed in the
full thickness of pavement by a mechanical device approved by the Engineer.

311.3.13 Final Strike-off (Consolidation and Finishing)

1. Sequence

The sequence of operations shall be the strike-off and consolidation, floating and
removal of laitance, straight-edging and final surface finish. Work bridges or
other devices necessary to provide access to the pavement surface for the purpose
of finishing straight-edging, and make corrections as hereinafter specified, shall be
provided by the Contractor.

In general, the addition of water to the surface of the concrete to assist in finishing
operations will not be permitted. If the application of water to the surface is
permitted, it shall be applied as fog spray by means of an approved spray
equipment.

2. Finishing Joints

The concrete adjacent to joints shall be compacted or firmly placed without voids
or segregation against the joint material assembly, also under and around all load
transfer devices, joint assembly units, and other features designed to extend into
the pavement. Concrete adjacent to joints shall be mechanically vibrated as
required in Subsection 311.3.9, Placing Concrete.

After the concrete has been placed and vibrated adjacent to the joints as required
in Subsection 311.3.9, the finishing machine shall be brought forward, operating
in a manner to avoid damage or misalignment of joints. If uninterrupted operation
of the finishing machine, to over and beyond the joints causes segregation of
concrete, damage to, or misalignment of the joints, the finishing machine shall be
stopped when the front screed is approximately 20 cm (8 inches) from the joint.
Segregated concrete shall be removed from in front of and off the joint. The front
screed shall be lifted and set directly on top of the joint and the forward motion of
the finishing machine resumed. When the second screed is close enough to permit
the excess mortar in front of it to flow over the joint, it shall be lifted and carried
over the joint. Thereafter, the finishing machine may be run over the joint without
lifting the screeds, provided there is no segregated concrete immediately between
the joint and the screed or on top of the joint.

3. Machine Finishing

a. Non-vibratory Method. The concrete shall be distributed or spread as soon

as placed. As soon as the concrete has been placed, it shall be struck off
and screeded by an approved finishing machine. The machine shall go over
each area of pavement as many times and at such intervals as necessary to
give the proper compaction and leave a surface of uniform texture.

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 Excessive operation over a given area shall be avoided. The tops of the
forms shall be kept clean by an effective device attached to the machine and
the travel of the machine on the forms shall be maintained true without
wobbling or other variation tending to affect the precision finish.

During the first pass of the finishing machine, a uniform ridge of concrete
shall be maintained ahead of the front screed in its entire length.

b. Vibratory Method. When vibration is specified, vibrators for full width

vibration of concrete paving slabs, shall meet the requirements in Subsection
311.3.2, Equipment. If uniform and satisfactory density of the concrete is
not obtained by the vibratory method at joints, along forms, at structures,
and throughout the pavement, the Contractor will be required to furnish
equipment and method which will produce pavement conforming to the
Specifications. All provisions in item (a) above not in conflict with the
provisions for the vibratory method shall govern.

4. Hand Finishing

Hand finishing methods may only be used under the following conditions:

a. In the event of breakdown of the mechanical equipment, hand methods may

be used to finish the concrete already deposited on the grade.

b. In narrow widths or areas of irregular dimensions where operations of the

mechanical equipment is impractical, hand methods may be used.

Concrete, as soon as placed, shall be struck off and screeded. An approved

portable screed shall be used. A second screed shall be provided for striking off
the bottom layer of concrete if reinforcement is used.

The screed for the surface shall be at least 60 cm (2 feet) longer than the maximum
width of the slab to be struck off. It shall be of approved design, sufficiently rigid
to retain its shape, and constructed either of metal or other suitable material shod
with metal.

Consolidation shall be attained by the use of suitable vibrator or other approved

equipment.

In operation, the screed shall be moved forward on the forms with a combined
longitudinal and transverse shearing motion, moving always in the direction in
which the work is progressing and so manipulated that neither end is raised from
the side forms during the striking off process. If necessary, this shall be repeated
until the surface is of uniform texture, true to grade and cross-section, and free
from porous areas.

5. Floating

After the concrete has been struck off and consolidated, it shall be further
smoothed, trued, and consolidated by means of a longitudinal float, either by hand
or mechanical method.

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 a. Hand Method. The hand-operated longitudinal float shall be not less than
365 cm (12 feet) in length and 15 cm (6 inches) in width, properly stiffened
to prevent flexibility and warping. The longitudinal float, operated from
foot bridges resting on the side forms and spanning but not touching the
concrete, shall be worked with a sawing motion while held in a floating
position parallel to the road center line, and moving gradually from one side
of the pavement to the other. Movement ahead along the center line of the
pavement shall be in successive advances of not more than one-half the
length of the float. Any excess water or soupy material shall be wasted over
the side forms on each pass.

b. Mechanical Method. The mechanical longitudinal float shall be of a design

approved by the Engineer, and shall be in good working condition. The
tracks from which the float operates shall be accurately adjusted to the
required crown. The float shall be accurately adjusted and coordinated with
the adjustment of the transverse finishing machine so that a small amount of
mortar is carried ahead of the float at all times. The forward screed shall be
adjusted so that the float will lap the distance specified by the Engineer on
each transverse trip. The float shall pass over each areas of pavement at
least two times, but excessive operation over a given area will not be
permitted. Any excess water or soupy material shall be wasted over the side
forms on each pass.

c. Alternative Mechanical Method. As an alternative, the Contractor may use

a machine composed of a cutting and smoothing float or floats suspended
from and guided by a rigid frame. The frame shall be carried by four or
more visible wheels riding on, and constantly in contact with the side forms.
If necessary, following one of the preceding method of floating, long
handled floats having blades not less than 150 cm (5 feet) in length and 15
cm (6 inches) in width may be used to smooth and fill in open-textured areas
in the pavement. Long-handled floats shall not be used to float the entire
surface of the pavement in lieu of, or supplementing, one of the preceding
methods of floating. When strike off and consolidation are done by the
hand method and the crown of the pavement will not permit the use of the
longitudinal float, the surface shall be floated transversely by means of the
long handled float. Care shall be taken not to work the crown out of the
pavement during the operation. After floating, any excess water and
laitance shall be removed from the surface of the pavement by a 3-m
straight-edge or more in length. Successive drags shall be lapped one-half
the length of the blade.

6. Straight-edge Testing and Surface Correction

After the floating has been completed and the excess water removed, but while the
concrete is still plastic, the surface of the concrete shall be tested for trueness with
a 300 cm long straight-edge. For this purpose, the Contractor shall furnish and
use an accurate 300-cm straight-edge swung from handles 100 cm (3 feet) longer
than one-half the width of the slab. The straight-edge shall be held in contact with
the surface in successive positions parallel to the road center line and the whole
area gone over from one side of the slab to the other as necessary. Advances
along the road shall be in successive stages of not more than one-half the length
of the straight-edge. Any depressions found shall be immediately filled with
freshly mixed concrete, struck off, consolidated and refinished. High areas shall

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 be cut down and refinished. Special attention shall be given to assure that the
surface across joints meets the requirements for smoothness. Straight-edge testing
and surface corrections shall continue until the entire surface is found to be free
from observable departures from the straight-edge and the slab conforms to the
required grade and cross-section.

7. Final Finish

If the surface texture is broom finished, it shall be applied when the water sheen
has practically disappeared. The broom shall be drawn from the center to the edge
of the pavement with adjacent strokes slightly overlapping. The brooming
operation should be so executed that the corrugations produced in the surface shall
be uniform in appearance and not more than 1.5 mm in depth. Brooming shall be
completed before the concrete is in such condition that the surface will be unduly
roughened by the operation. The surface thus finished shall be free from rough and
porous areas, irregularities, and depressions resulting from improper handling of
the broom. Brooms shall be of the quality size and construction and be operated
so as to produce a surface finish meeting the approval of the Engineer. Subject to
satisfactory results being obtained and approval of the Engineer, the Contractor
will be permitted to substitute mechanical brooming in lieu of the manual
brooming herein described.

If the surface texture is belt finished, when straight-edging is complete and water
sheen has practically disappeared and just before the concrete becomes non-
plastic, the surface shall be belted with 2-ply canvass belt not less than 20 cm wide
and at least 100 cm longer than the pavement width. Hand belts shall have suitable
handles to permit controlled, uniform manipulation. The belt shall be operated with
short strokes transverse to the center line and with a rapid advances parallel to the
center line.

If the surface texture is drag finished, a drag shall be used which consists of a
seamless strip of damp burlap or cotton fabric, which shall produce a uniform of
gritty texture after dragging it longitudinally along the full width of pavement. For
pavement 5 m or more in width, the drag shall be mounted on a bridge which
travels on the forms. The dimensions of the drag shall be such that a strip of burlap
or fabric at least 100 cm wide is in contact with the full width of pavement surface
while the drag is used. The drag shall consist of not less than 2 layers of burlap
with the bottom layer approximately 15 cm wider than the layer. The drag shall be
maintained in such condition that the resultant surface is of uniform appearance
and reasonably free from grooves over 1.5 mm in depth. Drag shall be maintained
clean and free from encrusted mortar. Drags that cannot be cleaned shall be
discarded and new drags be substituted.

Regardless of the method used for final finish, the hardened surface of pavement
shall have a coefficient of friction of 0.25 or more. Completed pavement that is
found to have a coefficient of friction less than 0.25 shall be grounded or scoured
by the Contractor at his expense to provide the required coefficient of friction.

8. Edging at Forms and Joints

After the final finish, but before the concrete has taken its initial set, the edges of
the pavement along each side of each slab, and on each side of transverse
expansion joints, formed joints, transverse construction joints, and emergency

142
 construction joints, shall be worked with an approved tool and rounded to the
radius required by the Plans. A well – defined and continuous radius shall be
produced and a smooth, dense mortar finish obtained. The surface of the slab
shall not be unduly disturbed by tilting the tool during the use. At all joints, any
tool marks appearing on the slab adjacent to the joints shall be eliminated by
brooming the surface. In doing this, the rounding of the corner of the slab shall
not be disturbed. All concrete on top of the joint filler shall be completely
removed.

All joints shall be tested with a straight-edge before the concrete has set and
correction made if one edge of the joint is higher than the other.

311.3.14 Surface Test

As soon as the concrete has hardened sufficiently, the pavement surface shall be tested
with a 3-m straight-edge or other specified device. Areas showing high spots of more than 3
mm but not exceeding 12 mm in 3 m shall be marked and immediately ground down with an
approved grinding tool to an elevation where the area or spot will not show surface deviations in
excess of 3 mm when tested with 3 m straight-edge. Where the departure from correct cross-
section exceeds 12 mm, the pavement shall be removed and replaced by and at the expense of
the Contractor.

Any area or section so removed shall be not less than 1.5 m in length and not less than
the full width of the lane involved. When it is necessary to remove and replace a section of
pavement, any remaining portion of the slab adjacent to the joints that is less than 1.5 m in length,
shall also be removed and replaced.

311.3.15 Curing

Immediately after the finishing operations have been completed and the concrete has
sufficiently set, the entire surface of the newly placed concrete shall be cured in accordance with
either one of the methods described herein. Failure to provide sufficient cover material of
whatever kind the Contractor may elect to use, or the lack of water to adequately take care of
both curing and other requirements, shall be a cause for immediate suspension of concreting
operations. The concrete shall not be left exposed for more than ½ hour between stages of curing
or during the curing period.

In all congested places, concrete works should be designed so that the designed strength
is attained.

1. Cotton of Burlap Mats

The surface of the pavement shall be entirely covered with mats. The mats used
shall be of such length (or width) that as laid they will extend at least twice the
thickness of the pavement beyond the edges of the slab. The mat shall be placed
so that the entire surface and the edges of the slab are completely covered. Prior
to being placed, the mats shall be saturated thoroughly with water. The mat shall
be so placed and weighted down so as to cause them to remain in intimate contact
with the covered surface. The mat shall be maintained fully wetted and in position
for 72 hours after the concrete has been placed unless otherwise specified.

2. Waterproof Paper

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 The top surface and sides of the pavement shall be entirely covered with
waterproof paper, the units shall be lapped at least 45 cm. The paper shall be so
placed and weighted down so as to cause it to remain in intimate contact with the
surface covered. The paper shall have such dimension but each unit as laid will
extend beyond the edges of the slab at least twice the thickness of the pavement,
or at pavement width and 60 cm strips of paper for the edges. If laid longitudinally,
paper not manufactured in sizes which will provide this width shall be securely
sewed or cemented together, the joints being securely sealed in such a manner that
they do not open up or separate during the curing period. Unless otherwise
specified, the covering shall be maintained in place for 72 hours after the concrete
has been placed. The surface of the pavement shall be thoroughly wetted prior to
the placing of the paper.

3. Straw Curing

When this type of curing is used, the pavement shall be cured initially with burlap
or cotton mats, until after final set of the concrete or, in any case, for 12 hours after
placing the concrete. As soon as the mats are removed, the surface and sides of
the pavement shall be thoroughly wetted and covered with at least 20 cm of straw
or hay, thickness of which is to be measured after wetting. If the straw or hay
covering becomes displaced during the curing period, it shall be replaced to the
original depth and saturated. It shall be kept thoroughly saturated with water for
72 hours and thoroughly wetted down during the morning of the fourth day, and
the cover shall remain in place until the concrete has attained the required strength.

4. Impervious Membrane Method

The entire surface of the pavement shall be sprayed uniformly with white
pigmented curing compound immediately after the finishing of the surface and
before the set of the concrete has taken place, or if the pavement is cured initially
with jute or cotton mats, it may be applied upon removal of the mass. The curing
compound shall not be applied during rain. Curing compound shall be applied
under pressure at the rate 4 L to not more than 14 m2 by mechanical sprayers. The
spraying equipment shall be equipped with a wind guard. At the time of use, the
compound shall be in a thoroughly mixed condition with the pigment uniformly
dispersed throughout the vehicle. During application, the compound shall be
stirred continuously by effective mechanical means. Hand spraying of odd widths
or shapes and concrete surface exposed by the removal of forms will be permitted.
Curing compound shall not be applied to the inside faces of joints to be sealed, but
approved means shall be used to insure proper curing at least 72 hours and to
prevent the intrusion of foreign material into the joint before sealing has been
completed. The curing compound shall be of such character that the film will
harden within 30 minutes after application. Should the film be damaged from any
cause within the 72-hour curing period, the damaged portions shall be repaired
immediately with additional compound.

5. White Polyethylene Sheet

The top surface and sides of the pavement shall be entirely covered with
polyethylene sheeting. The units used shall be lapped at least 45 cm. The sheeting
shall be so placed and weighted down so as to cause it to remain intimate contact
with the surface covered. The sheeting as prepared for use shall have such
dimension that each unit as laid will extend beyond the edges of the slab at least

144
 twice the thickness of the pavement. Unless otherwise specified, the covering
shall be maintained in place for 72 hours after the concrete has been placed.

311.3.16 Removal of Forms

After, forms for concrete shall remain in place undisturbed for not less than twenty-four
(24) hours after concrete pouring. In the removal of forms, crowbars should be used in pulling
out nails and pins. Care should be taken so as not to break the edges of the pavement. In case
portions of the concrete are spalled, they shall be immediately repaired with fresh mortar mixed
in the proportion of one part of Portland Cement and two parts fine aggregates. Major
honeycomb areas will be considered as defective work and shall be removed and replaced at the
expense of the Contractor. Any area or section so removed shall not be less than the distance
between weakened plane joint nor less than the full width of the lane involved.

311.3.17 Sealing Joints

Joints shall be sealed with asphalt sealant soon after completion of the curing period and
before the pavement is opened to traffic, including the Contractor’s equipment. Just prior to
sealing, each joint shall be thoroughly cleaned of all foreign materials including membrane curing
compound and the joint faces shall be clean and surface dry when the seal is applied.

The sealing material shall be applied to each joint opening to conform to the details
shown on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer. Material for seal applied hot shall be stirred
during heating so that localized overheating does not occur. The pouring shall be done in such
a manner that the material will not be spilled on the exposed surfaces of the concrete. The use
of sand or similar material as a cover for the seal will not be permitted.

Preformed elastomeric gaskets for sealing joints shall be of the cross-sectional

dimensions shown on the Plans. Seals shall be installed by suitable tools, without elongation
and secured in placed with an approved lubricant adhesive which shall cover both sides of the
concrete joints. The seals shall be installed in a compressive condition and shall at time of
placement be below the level of the pavement surface by approximately 6 mm.

The seals shall be in one piece for the full width of each transverse joint.

311.3.18 Protection of Pavement

The Contractor shall protect the pavement and its appurtenances against both public
traffic and traffic caused by his own employees and agents. This shall include watchmen to
direct traffic and the erection of and maintenance of warning signs, lights, pavement bridges or
cross-over, etc. The Plans or Special Provisions will indicate the location and type of device or
facility required to protect the work and provide adequately for traffic.

All boreholes after thickness and/or strength determinations of newly constructed asphalt
and concrete pavements shall be immediately filled/restored with the prescribed concrete/asphalt
mix after completion of the drilling works.

Any damage to the pavement, occurring prior to final acceptance, shall be repaired or the
pavement be replaced.

311.3.19 Concrete Pavement – Slip Form Method

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 If the Contract calls for the construction of pavement without the use of fixed forms, the
following provisions shall apply:

1. Grade

After the grade or base has been placed and compacted to the required density, the
areas which will support the paving machine shall be cut to the proper elevation
by means of a properly designed machine. The grade on which the pavement is
to be constructed shall then be brought to the proper profile by means of properly
designed machine. If the density of the base is disturbed by the grading operation,
it shall be corrected by additional compaction before concrete is placed. The grade
should be constructed sufficiently in advance of the placing of the concrete. If
any traffic is allowed to use the prepared grade, the grade shall be checked and
corrected immediately before the placing of concrete.

2. Placing Concrete

The concrete shall be placed with an approved slip-form paver designed to spread,
consolidate, screed and float-finish the freshly placed concrete in one complete
pass of the machine in such a manner that a minimum of hand finish will be
necessary to provide a dense and homogenous pavement in conformance with the
Plans and Specifications. The machine shall vibrate the concrete for the full width
and depth of the strip of pavement being placed. Such vibration shall be
accompanied with vibrating tubes or arms working in the concrete or with a
vibrating screed or pan operating on the surface of the concrete. The sliding forms
shall be rigidly held together laterally to prevent spreading of the forms. The
forms shall trail behind the paver for such a distance that no appreciable slumping
of the concrete will occur, and that necessary final finishing can be accomplished
while the concrete is still within the forms. Any edge slump of the pavement,
exclusive of edge rounding, in excess of 6 mm shall be corrected before the
concrete has hardened.

The concrete shall be held at a uniform consistency, having a slump of not more
than 40 mm (1-12/ inches). The slip form paver shall be operated with as nearly
as possible a continuous forward movement and that all operations of mixing,
delivering and spreading concrete shall be coordinated so as to provide uniform
progress with stopping and starting of the paver held to a minimum. If, for any
reason, it is necessary to stop the forward movement of the paver the vibratory and
tamping elements shall also be stopped immediately. No attractive force shall be
applied to the machine, except that which is controlled from the machine.

3. Finishing

The surface smoothness and texture shall meet the requirements of Subsections
311.3.13 and 311.3.14.

4. Curing

Unless otherwise specified, curing shall be done in accordance with one of the
methods included in Subsection 311.3.15. The curing media shall be applied at
the appropriate time and shall be applied uniformly and completely to all surfaces
and edges of the pavement.

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 5. Joints

All joints shall be constructed in accordance with Subsection 311.3.12.

6. Protection Against Rain

In order that the concrete may be properly protected against rain before the
concrete is sufficiently hardened, the Contractor will be required to have available
at all times, materials for the protection of the edges and surface of the unhardened
concrete. Such protective materials shall consist of standard metal forms or wood
planks having a nominal thickness of not less than 50 mm (2 inches) and a nominal
width of not less than the thickness of the pavement at its edge for the protection
of the pavement edges, and covering material such as burlap or cotton mats, curing
paper or plastic sheeting materials for the protection of the surface of the pavement.
When rain appears imminent, all paving operations shall stop and all available
personnel shall begin placing forms against the sides of the pavement and covering
the surface of the unhardened concrete with the protective covering.

311.3.22 Acceptance of Concrete

The strength level of the concrete will be considered satisfactory if the averages of all
sets of three (3) consecutive strength test results equal or exceed the specified strength, f c’ and
no individual strength test result is deficient by more than 15% of the specified strength, fc’.

Concrete deemed to be not acceptable using the above criteria may be rejected unless the
Contractor can provide evidence, by means of core tests, that the quality of concrete represented
by failed test results is acceptable in place. At least three (3) representative cores shall be taken
from each member or area of concrete in place that is considered deficient. The location of cores
shall be determined by the Engineer so that there will be at least impairment of strength of the
structure. The obtaining and testing of drilled cores shall be in accordance with AASHTO T 24.

Concrete in the area represented by the cores will be considered adequate if the average
strength of the cores is equal to at least 85% of, and if no single core is less than 75% of, the
specified strength, fc’.

If the strength of control specimens does not meet the requirements of this Subsection,
and it is not feasible or not advisable to obtain cores from the structure due to structural
considerations, payment of the concrete will be made at an adjusted price due to strength
deficiency of concrete specimens as specified hereunder:

Deficiency in Strength of Percent (%) of Contract

Concrete Specimens, Price Allowed
Percent (%)
Less than 5 100
5 to less than 10 80
10 to less than 15 70
15 to less than 20 60
20 to less than 25 50
25 or more 0

311.3.23 Opening to Traffic

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 The Engineer will decide when the pavement may be opened to traffic. The road will
not be opened to traffic until test specimens molded and cured in accordance with AASHTO T
23 have attained the minimum strength requirements in Subsection 311.2.11. If such tests are
not conducted prior to the specified age the pavement shall not be operated to traffic until 14 days
after the concrete was placed. Before opening to traffic, the pavement shall be cleaned and joint
sealing completed.

311.3.24 Tolerance and Pavement thickness

1. General

The thickness of the pavement will be determined by measurement of cores from

the completed pavement in accordance with AASHTO T 148.

The completed pavement shall be accepted on a lot basis. A lot shall be considered
as 1000 linear meters of pavement when a single traffic lane is poured or 500 linear
meters when two lanes are poured concurrently. The last unit in each slab
constitutes a lot in itself when its length is at least ½ of the normal lot length. If
the length of the last unit is shorter than ½ of the normal lot length, it shall be
included in the previous lot.

Other areas such as intersections, entrances, crossovers, ramp, etc., will be grouped
together to form a lot. Small irregular areas may be included with other unit areas
to form a lot.

Each lot will be divided into five (5) equal segments and one core will be obtained
from each segment in accordance with AASHTOT 24.

2. Pavement Thickness

It is the intent of this Specification that the pavement has a uniform thickness as
called for on the Plans for the average of each lot as defined. After the pavement
has met all surface smoothness requirements, cores for thickness measurements
will be taken.

In calculating the average thickness of the pavement, individual measurements

which are in excess of the specified thickness by more than 5 mm will be
considered as the specified thickness plus 5 mm and measurement which are less
than the specified thickness by more than 25 mm shall not be included in the
average. When the average thickness for the lot is deficient, the contract unit price
will be adjusted for thickness in accordance with paragraph (3 below).

Individual areas within a segment found deficient in thickness by more than 25

mm shall be evaluated by the Engineer, and if in his judgment, the deficient areas
warrant removal, they shall be removed and replaced by the Contractor with
pavement of the specified thickness at his entire expense. However, if the
evaluation of the Engineer is that the deficient area should not be removed and
replaced, such area will not be paid.

When the measurement of any core is less than the specified thickness by more
than 25 mm, the actual thickness of the pavement in this area will be determined
by taking additional cores at no less than 5 m intervals parallel to the center line in
each direction from the affected location until a core is found in each direction,

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 which is not deficient in thickness by more than 25 mm. The area of slab for
which no payment will be made shall be the product of the paving width multiplied
by the distance along the center line of the road between transverse sections found
not deficient in thickness by more than 25 mm. The thickness of the remainder of
the segment to be used to get the average thickness of each lot shall be determined
by taking the average thickness of additional cores which are not deficient by more
than 25 mm.

3. Adjustment for Thickness

When the average thickness of the pavement per lot is deficient, payment for the
lot shall be adjusted as follows:

Deficiency in the Average Percent (%) of Contract

Thickness per lot (mm) Price Per Lot
0–5 100% payment
6 – 10 95% payment
11 – 15 85% payment
16 – 20 70% payment
21 – 25 50% payment
More than 25 Remove and replace/ No payment

No acceptance and final payment shall be made on completed pavement unless

core test for thickness determination is conducted, except for Barangay Roads
where the implementing office is allowed to waive such test.

311.4 Method of Measurement

The area to be paid for under this Item shall be the number of square meters (m 2) of
concrete pavement placed and accepted in the completed pavement. The width for
measurements will be the width from outside edge to outside edge of completed pavement as
placed in accordance with the Plans or as otherwise required by the Engineer in writing. The
length will be measured horizontally along the center line of each roadway or ramp. Any curb
and gutter placed shall not be included in the area of concrete pavement measured.

311.5 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantity, measured as prescribed in Section 311.4, shall be paid for at the
contract unit price for Portland Cement Concrete Pavement, which price and payment shall be
full compensation for preparation of roadbed and finishing of shoulders, unless otherwise
provided by the Special Provisions, furnishing all materials, for mixing, placing, finishing and
curing all concrete, for furnishing and placing all joint materials, for sawing weakened plane
joints, for fitting the prefabricated center metal joint, for facilitating and controlling traffic, and
for furnishing all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the Item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

311 (1) b Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Square Meter

(Unreinforced), 0.20m thick

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150
 ITEM 404 – REINFORCING STEEL
404.1 Description

This Item shall consist of furnishing, bending, fabricating and placing of steel
reinforcement of the type, size, shape and grade required in accordance with this Specification
and in conformity with the requirements shown on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer.

404.2 Material Requirements

Reinforcing steel shall meet the requirements of Item 710, Reinforcing Steel and Wire
Rope.

404.3 Construction Requirements

404.3.1 Order Lists

Before materials are ordered, all order lists and bending diagrams shall be furnished by
the Contractor, for approval of the Engineer. The approval of order lists and bending diagrams
by the Engineer shall in no way relieve the Contractor of responsibility for the correctness of
such lists and diagrams. Any expense incident to the revisions of materials furnished in
accordance with such lists and diagrams to make them comply with the Plans shall be borne by
the Contractor.

404.3.2 Protection of Material

Steel reinforcement shall be stored above the surface of the ground upon platforms, skids,
or other supports and shall be protected as far as practicable from mechanical injury and surface
deterioration caused by exposure to conditions producing rust. When placed in the work,
reinforcement shall be free from dirt, detrimental rust, loose scale, paint, grease, oil, or other
foreign materials. Reinforcement shall be free from injurious defects such as cracks and
laminations. Rust, surface seams, surface irregularities or mill scale will not be cause for
rejection, provided the minimum dimensions, cross sectional area and tensile properties of a hand
wire brushed specimen meets the physical requirements for the size and grade of steel specified.

404.3.3 Bending

All reinforcing bars requiring bending shall be cold-bent to the shapes shown on the
Plans or as required by the Engineer. Bars shall be bent around a circular pin having the following
diameters (D) in relation to the nominal diameter of the bar (d):

Nominal diameter, d, mm Pin diameter (D)

10 to 20 6d
25 to 28 8d
32 and greater 10d

Bends and hooks in stirrups or ties may be bent to the diameter of the principal bar
enclosed therein.

404.3.4 Placing and Fastening

All steel reinforcement shall be accurately placed in the position shown on the Plans or
as required by the Engineer and firmly held there during the placing and setting of the concrete.
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Bars shall be tied at all intersections except where spacing is less than 300 mm in each direction,
in which case, alternate intersections shall be tied. Ties shall be fastened on the inside.

Distance from the forms shall be maintained by means of stays, blocks, ties, hangers, or
other approved supports, so that it does not vary from the position indicated on the Plans by more
than 6mm. Blocks for holding reinforcement from contact with the forms shall be precast mortar
blocks of approved shapes and dimensions. Layers of bars shall be separated by precast mortar
blocks or by other equally suitable devices. The use of pebbles, pieces of broken stone or brick,
metal pipe and wooden blocks shall not be permitted. Unless otherwise shown on the Plans or as
required by the Engineer, the minimum distance between bars shall be 40 mm. Reinforcement in
any member shall be placed and then inspected and approved by the Engineer before the placing
of concrete begins. Concrete placed in violation of this provision may be rejected and removal
may be required. If fabric reinforcement is shipped in rolls, it shall be straightened before being
placed. Bundled bars shall be tied together at not more than 1.8 m intervals.

404.3.5 Splicing

All reinforcement shall be furnished in the full lengths indicated on the Plans. Splicing
of bars, except where shown on the Plans, will not be permitted without the written approval of
the Engineer. Splices shall be staggered as far as possible and with a minimum separation of not
less than 40 bar diameters. Not more than one-third of the bars may be spliced in the same cross-
section, except where shown on the Plans.

Unless otherwise shown on the Plans, bars shall be lapped a minimum distance of:

Splice Type Grade 280 (40) Grade 420 (60) But not less than
Tension 24 bar dia 36 bar dia 300 mm
Compression 20 bar dia 24 bar dia 300 mm

In lapped splices, the bars shall be placed in contact and wired together. Lapped splices
will not be permitted at locations where the concrete section is insufficient to provide minimum
clear distance of one and one-third the maximum size of coarse aggregate between the splice and
the nearest adjacent bar. Welding of reinforcing steel shall be done only if detailed on the Plans
or if authorized by the Engineer in writing. Spiral reinforcement shall be spliced by lapping at
least one and a half turns or by butt welding unless otherwise shown on the Plans.

404.3.6 Lapping of Bar Mat

Sheets of mesh or bar mat reinforcement shall overlap each other sufficiently to maintain
a uniform strength and shall be securely fastened at the ends and edges. The overlap shall not be
less than one mesh in width.

404.4 Method of Measurement

The quantity of reinforcing steel to be paid for will be the final quantity placed and
accepted in the completed structure.

No allowance will be made for tie-wires, separators, wire chairs and other material used
in fastening the reinforcing steel in place. If bars are substituted upon the Contractor’s request
and approved by the Engineer and as a result thereof more steel is used than specified, only the
mass specified shall be measured for payment.

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 No measurement or payment will be made for splices added by the Contractor unless
directed or approved by the Engineer.

When there is no item for reinforcing steel in the Bill of Quantities, costs will be
considered as incidental to the other items in the Bill of Quantities.

404.5 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantity, measured as prescribed in Section 404.4, shall be paid for at the
contract unit price for Reinforcing Steel which price and payment shall be full compensation for
furnishing and placing all materials, including all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals
necessary to complete the work prescribed in this Item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

404 (1) a Reinforcing Steel, Grade 40 (Line Kilogram

Canal)

ITEM 405 – STRUCTURAL CONCRETE

405.1 Description

405.1.1 Scope

This Item shall consist of furnishing, bending, placing and finishing concrete in all
structures except pavements in accordance with this Specification and conforming to the lines,
grades, and dimensions shown on the Plans. Concrete shall consist of a mixture of Portland
Cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, admixture when specified, and water mixed in the
proportions specified or approved by the Engineer.

405.1.2 Classes and Uses of Concrete

Five classes of concrete are provided for in this Item, namely: A, B, C, P and Seal. Each
class shall be used in that part of the structure as called for on the Plans.

The classes of concrete will generally be used as follows:

Class A – All superstructures and heavily reinforced substructures. The important parts
of the structure included are slabs, beams, girders, columns, arch ribs, box culverts, reinforced
abutments, retaining walls, and reinforced footings.

Class B – Footings, pedestals, massive pier shafts, pipe bedding, and gravity walls,
unreinforced or with only a small amount of reinforcement.

Class C – Thin reinforced sections, railings, precast R.C. piles and cribbing and for filler
in steel grid floors.

Class P – Pre stressed concrete structures and members.

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 Seal – Concrete deposited in water.

405.2 Material Requirements

405.2.1 Portland Cement

It shall conform to all the requirements of Subsection 311.2.1.

405.2.2 Fine Aggregate

It shall conform to all the requirements of Subsection 311.2.2.

405.2.3 Coarse Aggregate

It shall conform all the requirements of Subsection 311.2.3 except that gradation shall
conform to Table 405.1.

Table 405.1 – Grading Requirements for Coarse Aggregate

Sieve Designation Mass Percent Passing

Standard Alternate Class Class Class Class Class
Mm US A B C P Seal
Standard

63 2-1/2” 100
50 2” 100 95 – 100
37.5 1-1/2” 95 – 100 - 100
25 1” - 35 – 70 100 95 – 100
19.0 ¾” 35 – 70 - 100 95 – 100 -
12.5 ½” - 10 – 30 90 – 100 - 25 – 60
9.5 3/8” 10 – 30 - 40 – 70 20 – 55 -
4.75 No.4 0–5 0–5 0 – 15* 0 – 10* 0 – 10*

* The measured cement content shall be within plus (+) or minus (-) 2 mass percent of the
design cement content.

405.2.4 Water

It shall conform to the requirements of Subsection 311.2.4

405.2.5 Reinforcing Steel

It shall conform to the requirements of Item 710, Reinforcing Steel and Wire Rope.

405.2.6 Admixtures

Admixtures shall conform to the requirements of Subsection 311.2.7

405.2.7 Curing Materials

Curing materials shall conform to the requirements of Subsection 311.2.8.

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405.2.8 Expansion Joint Materials

Expansion joint materials shall be:

1. Preformed Sponge Rubber and Cork, conforming to AASHTO M 153.

2. Hot-Poured Elastic Type, conforming to AASHTO M 173.

3. Preformed Fillers, conforming to AASHTO M 213.

405.2.9 Elastomeric Compression Joint Seals

These shall conform to AASHTO M 220.

405.2.10 Elastomeric Bearing Pads

These shall conform to AASHTO M 251 or Item 412 – Elastomeric Bearing Pads.

405.2.11 Storage of Cement and Aggregates

Storage of cement and aggregates shall conform to all the requirements of Subsection
311.2.10.

405.3 Sampling and Testing of Structural Concrete

As work progresses, at least one (1) sample consisting of three (3) concrete cylinder test
specimens, 150 x 300mm (6 x 12 inches), shall be taken from each seventy-five (75) cubic meters
of each class of concrete or fraction thereof placed each day.

Compliance with the requirements of this Section shall be determined in accordance with
the following standard methods of AASHTO:

Sampling of fresh concrete T 141

Weight per cubic meter and air content (gravi-
Metric) of concrete T 121
Sieve analysis of fine and coarse aggregates T 27
Slump of Portland Cement Concrete T 119
Specific gravity and absorption of fine aggregate T 84

Tests for strength shall be made in accordance with the following:

Making and curing concrete compressive and

flexural tests specimens in the field T 23
Compressive strength of molded concrete
Cylinders T 22

405.4 Production Requirements

405.4.1 Proportioning and Strength of Structural Concrete

The concrete materials shall be proportioned in accordance with the requirements for
each class of concrete as specified in Table 405.2, using the absolute volume method as outlined
in the American Concrete Institute (ACI) Standard 211.1. “Recommended Practice for Selecting

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Proportions for Normal and Heavyweight Concrete”. Other methods of proportioning may be
employed in the mix design with prior approval of the Engineer. The mix shall either be designed
or approved by the Engineer. A change in the source of materials during the progress of work
may necessitate a new mix design.

The strength requirements for each class of concrete shall be as specified in Table 405.2.

Table 405.2 - Composition and Strength of Concrete for Use in Structures

Minimum Maximum Consistency Designated Minimum

Class Cement Water/ Range in Size of Coarse Compressive
Of Content Cement Slump Aggregate Strength of
Concrete Per m3 Ratio 150x300mm
Square Opening Concrete
kg kg/kg mm (inch) Std. mm Cylinder
(bag**) Specimen at
28 days,
MN/m2 (psi)
A 360 0.53 50 – 100 37.5 – 4.75 20.7
(9 bags) (2 – 4) (1-1/2” – No. 4) (3000)

B 320 0.58 50 – 100 50 – 4.75 16.5

(8 bags) (2 – 4) (2” – No. 4) (2400)

C 380 0.55 50 – 100 12.5 – 4.75 20.7

(9.5 bags) (2 – 4) (1/2” – No. 4) (3000)

P 440 0.49 100 max. 19.0 – 4.75 37.7

(11 bags) (4 max.) (3/4” – No. 4) (5000)

Seal 380 0.58 100 – 200 25 – 4.75 20.7

(9.5 bags) (4 - 8) (1” – No. 4) (3000)

* The measured cement content shall be within plus or minus 2 mass percent of the
design cement content.
** Based on 40 kg/bag

405.4.2 Consistency

Concrete shall have a consistency such that it will be workable in the required position.
It shall be of such a consistency that it will flow around reinforcing steel but individual particles
of the coarse aggregate when isolated shall show a coating of mortar containing its proportionate
amount of sand. The consistency of concrete shall be gauged by the ability of the equipment to
properly place it and not by the difficulty in mixing and transporting. The quantity of mixing
water shall be determined by the Engineer and shall not be varied without his consent. Concrete
as dry as it is practical to place with the equipment specified shall be used.

405.4.3 Batching

Measuring and batching of materials shall be done at a batching plant.

1. Portland Cement

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 Either sacked or bulk cement may be used. No fraction of a sack of cement shall be
used in a batch of concrete unless the cement is weighed. All bulk cement shall be
weighed on an approved weighing device. The bulk cement weighing hopper shall
be properly sealed and vented to preclude dusting operation. The discharge chute
shall not be suspended from the weighing hopper and shall be so arranged that
cement will neither be lodged in it nor leak from it.

Accuracy of batching shall be within plus (+) or minus (-) 1 mass percent.

2. Water

Water may be measured either by volume or by weight. The accuracy of measuring

the water shall be within a range of error of not more than 1 percent.

3. Aggregates

Stockpiling of aggregates shall be in accordance with Subsection 311.2.10. All

aggregates whether produced or handled by hydraulic methods or washed, shall be
stockpiled or binned for draining for at least 12 hours prior to batching. Rail
shipment requiring more than12 hours will be accepted as adequate binning only if
the car bodies permit free drainage. If the aggregates contain high or non-uniform
moisture content, storage or stockpile period in excess of 12 hours may be required
by the Engineer.

Batching shall be conducted as to result in a 2 mass percent maximum tolerance for

the required materials.

4. Bins and Scales

The batching plant shall include separate bins for bulk cement, fine aggregate and
for each size of coarse aggregate, a weighing hopper, and scales capable of
determining accurately the mass of each component of the batch.

Scales shall be accurate to one-half (0.5) percent throughout the range used.

5. Batching

When batches are hauled to the mixer, bulk cement shall be transported either in
waterproof compartments or between the fine and coarse aggregate. When cement
is placed in contact with moist aggregates, batches will be rejected unless mixed
within 1-1/2 hours of such contact. Sacked cement may be transported on top of the
aggregates.

Batches shall be delivered to the mixer separate and intact. Each batch shall be
dumped cleanly into the mixer without loss, and, when more than one batch is carried
on the truck, without spilling of material from one batch compartment into another.

6. Admixtures

The Contractor shall follow an approved procedure for adding the specified amount
of admixture to each batch and will be responsible for its uniform operation during
the progress of the work. He shall provide separate scales for the admixtures which
are to be proportioned by weight, and accurate measures for those to be proportioned

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 by volume. Admixtures shall be measured into the mixer with an accuracy of plus
or minus three (3) percent.

The use of Calcium Chloride as an admixture will not be permitted.

405.4.4 Mixing and Delivery

Concrete may be mixed at the site of construction, at a central point or by a combination

of central point and truck mixing or by a combination of central point mixing and truck agitating.
Mixing and delivery of concrete shall be in accordance with the appropriate requirements of
AASHTO M 157 except as modified in the following paragraphs of this section, for truck mixing
or a combination of central point and truck mixing or truck agitating. Delivery of concrete shall
be regulated so that placing is at a continuous rate unless delayed by the placing operations. The
intervals between delivery of batches shall not be so great as to allow the concrete in place to
harden partially, and in no case shall such an interval exceed 30 minutes.

In exceptional cases and when volumetric measurements are authorized, for small project
requiring less than 75 cu.m. per day of pouring, the weight proportions shall be converted to
equivalent volumetric proportions. In such cases, suitable allowance shall be made for variations
in the moisture condition of the aggregates, including the bulking effect in the fine aggregate.
Batching and mixing shall be in accordance with ASTM C 685, Section 6 through 9.

Concrete mixing, by chute is allowed provided that a weighing scales for determining
the batch weight will be used.

For batch mixing at the site of construction or at a central point, a batch mixer of an
approved type shall be used. Mixer having a rated capacity of less than a one-bag batch shall not
be used. The volume of concrete mixed per batch shall not exceed the mixer’s nominal capacity
as shown on the manufacturer’s standard rating plate on the mixer except that an overload up to
10 percent above the mixer’s nominal capacity may be permitted, provided concrete test data for
strength, segregation, and uniform consistency are satisfactory and provided no spillage of
concrete takes place. The batch shall be so charge into the drum that a portion of the water shall
enter in advance of the cement and aggregates. The flow of water shall be uniform and all water
shall be in the drum by the end of the first 15 seconds of the mixing period. Mixing time shall
be measured from the time all materials, except water, are in the drum. Mixing time shall not be
less than 60 seconds for mixers having a capacity of 1.5m3 or less. For mixers having a capacity
greater than 1.5m3, the mixing time shall not be less than 90 seconds. If timing starts, the instant
the skip reaches its maximum raised position, 4 seconds shall be added to the specified mixing
time. Mixing time ends when the discharge chute opens.

The mixer shall be operated at the drum speed as shown on the manufacturer’s name
plate on the mixer. Any concrete mixed less than the specified time shall be discarded and
disposed off by the Contractor at his own expenses.

The timing device on stationary mixers shall be equipped with a bell or other suitable
warning device adjusted to give a clearly audible signal each time the lock is released. In case
of failure of the timing device, the Contractor will be permitted to continue operations while it is
being repaired, provided he furnishes an approved timepiece equipped with minute and second
hands. If the timing device is not placed in good working order within 24 hours, further use of
the mixer will be prohibited until repairs are made.

Re tampering concrete will not be permitted. Admixtures for increasing the workability,
for retarding the set, or for accelerating the set or improving the pumping characteristics of the

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concrete will be permitted only when specifically provided for in the Contract, or authorized in
writing by the Engineer.

1. Mixing Concrete: General

Concrete shall be thoroughly mixed in a mixer of an approved size and type that will
insure a uniform distribution of the materials throughout the mass.

All concrete shall be mixed in mechanically operated mixers. Mixing plant and
equipment for transporting and placing concrete shall be arranged with an ample
auxiliary installation to provide a minimum supply of concrete in case of breakdown
of machinery or in case the normal supply of concrete is disrupted. The auxiliary
supply of concrete shall be sufficient to complete the casting of a section up to a
construction joint that will meet the approval of the Engineer.

Equipment having components made of aluminum or magnesium alloys, which

would have contact with plastic concrete during mixing, transporting or pumping of
Portland Cement concrete, shall not be used.

Concrete mixers shall be equipped with adequate water storage and a device of
accurately measuring and automatically controlling the amount of water used.

Materials shall be measured by weighing. The apparatus provided for weighing the
aggregates and cement shall be suitably designed and constructed for this purpose.
The accuracy of all weighing devices except that for water shall be such that
successive quantities can be measured to within one percent of the desired amounts.
The water measuring device shall be accurate to plus or minus 0.5 mass percent. All
measuring devices shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer. Scales and
measuring devices shall be tested at the expense of the Contractor as frequently as
the Engineer may deem necessary to insure their accuracy.

Weighing equipment shall be insulated against vibration or movement of other

operating equipment in the plant. When the entire plant is running, the scale reading
at cut-off shall not vary from the weight designated by the Engineer more than one
mass percent for cement, 1-1/2 mass percent for any size of aggregate, or one (1)
mass percent for the total aggregate in any batch.

2. Mixing Concrete at Site

Concrete mixers may be of the revolving drum or the revolving blade type and the
mixing drum or blades shall be operated uniformly at the mixing speed
recommended by the manufacturer. The pick-up and throw-over blades of mixers
shall be restored or replaced when any part or section is worn 20mm or more below
the original height of the manufacturer’s design. Mixers and agitators which have
an accumulation of hard concrete or mortar shall not be used.

When bulk cement is used and volume of the batch is 0.5m3 or more, the scale and
weigh hopper for Portland Cement shall be separate and distinct from the aggregate
hopper or hoppers. The discharge mechanism of the bulk cement weigh hopper shall
be interlocked against opening before the full amount of cement is in the hopper.
The discharging mechanism shall also be interlocked against opening when the
amount of cement in the hopper is underweight by more than one (1) mass percent
or overweight by more than 3 mass percent of the amount specified.

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 When the aggregate contains more water than the quantity necessary to produce a
saturated surface dry condition, representative samples shall be taken and the
moisture content determined for each kind of aggregate.

The batch shall be so charged into the mixer that some water will enter in advance
of cement and aggregate. All water shall be in the drum by the end of the first quarter
of the specified mixing time.

Cement shall be batched and charged into the mixer so that it will not result in loss
of cement due to the effect of wind, or in accumulation of cement on surface of
conveyors or hoppers, or in other conditions which reduce or vary the required
quantity of cement in the concrete mixture.

The entire content of a batch mixer shall be removed from the drum before materials
for a succeeding batch are placed therein. The materials composing a batch except
water shall be deposited simultaneously into the mixer.

All concrete shall be mixed for a period of not less than 1-1/2 minutes after all
materials, including water, are in the mixer. During the period of mixing, the mixer
shall operate at the speed for which it has been designed.

Mixers shall be operated with an automatic timing device that can be locked by the
Engineer. The time device and discharge mechanics shall be so interlocked that
during normal operation no part of the batch will be charged until the specified
mixing time has elapsed.

The first batch of concrete materials placed in the mixer shall contain a sufficient
excess of cement, sand, and water to coat inside of the drum without reducing the
required mortar content of the mix. When mixing is to cease for a period of one hour
or more, the mixer shall be thoroughly cleaned.

3. Mixing Concrete at Central Plant

Mixing at central plant shall conform to the requirements for mixing at the site.

4. Mixing Concrete in Truck

Truck mixers, unless otherwise authorized by the Engineer, shall be of the revolving
drum type, water-tight, and so constructed that the concrete can be mixed to insure
a uniform distribution of materials throughout the mass. All solid materials for the
concrete shall be accurately measured and charged into the drum at the proportioning
plant. Except as subsequently provided, the truck mixer shall be equipped with a
device by which the quantity of water added can be readily verified. The mixing
water may be added directly to the batch, in which case a tank is not required. Truck
mixers may be required to be provided with a means of which the mixing time can
be readily verified by the Engineer.

The maximum size of batch in truck mixers shall not exceed the minimum rated
capacity of the mixer as stated by the manufacturer and stamped in metal on the
mixer. Truck mixing, shall, unless other-wise directed be continued for not less than
100 revolutions after all ingredients, including water, are in the drum. The mixing
speed shall not be less than 4 rpm, nor more than 6 rpm.

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 Mixing shall begin within 30 minutes after the cement has been added either to the
water or aggregate, but when cement is charged into a mixer drum containing water
or surface wet aggregate and when the temperature is above 32oC, this limit shall be
reduced to 15 minutes. The limitation in time between the introduction of the cement
to the aggregate and the beginning of the mixing may be waived when, in the
judgment of the Engineer, the aggregate is sufficiently free from moisture, so that
there will be no harmful effects on the cement.

When a truck mixer is used for transportation, the mixing time specified in
Subsection 405.4.4 (3) at a stationary mixer may be reduced to 30 seconds and the
mixing completed in a truck mixer. The mixing time in the truck mixer shall be as
specified for truck mixing.

5. Transporting Mixed Concrete

Mixed concrete may only be transported to the delivery point in truck agitators or
truck mixers operating at the speed designated by the manufacturers of the
equipment as agitating speed, or in non-agitating hauling equipment, provided the
consistency and workability of the mixed concrete upon discharge at the delivery
point is suitable point for adequate placement and consolidation in place.

Truck agitators shall be loaded not to exceed the manufacturer’s guaranteed capacity.
They shall maintain the mixed concrete in a thoroughly mixed and uniform mass
during hauling.

No additional mixing water shall be incorporated into the concrete during hauling or
after arrival at the delivery point.

The rate of discharge of mixed concrete from truck mixers or agitators shall be
controlled by the speed of rotation of the drum in the discharge direction with the
discharge gate fully open.

When a truck mixer or agitator is used for transporting concrete to the delivery point,
discharge shall be completed within one hour, or before 250 revolutions of the drum
or blades, whichever comes first, after the introduction of the cement to the
aggregates. Under conditions contributing to quick stiffening of the concrete or
when the temperature of the concrete is 30oC, or above, a time less than one hour
will be required.

6. Delivery of Mixed Concrete

The Contractor shall have sufficient plant capacity and transportation apparatus to
insure continuous delivery at the rate required. The rate of delivery of concrete
during concreting operations shall be such as to provide for the proper handling,
placing and finishing of the concrete. The rate shall be such that the interval between
batches shall not exceed 20 minutes. The methods of delivering and handling the
concrete shall be such as will facilitate placing of the minimum handling.

405.5 Method of Measurement

The quantity of structural concrete to be paid for will be the final quantity placed and
accepted in the completed structure. No deduction will be made for the volume occupied by pipe

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less than 100mm (4 inches) in diameter or by reinforcing steel, anchors, conduits, weep holes or
expansion joint materials.

405.6 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantities, measured as prescribed in Section 405.5, shall be paid for at the
contract unit price for each of the Pay Item listed below that is included in the Bill of Quantities.

Payment shall constitute full compensation for furnishing, placing and finishing concrete
including all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the work prescribed
in the item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

405 (1) a2 Structural Concrete, @20.68 Mpa, Cubic Meter

Class A, 14 days (Line Canal)

ITEM 500 – PIPE CULVERTS AND STORM DRAINS

500.1 Description

This item shall consist of the construction or reconstruction of pipe culverts and storm
drains, hereinafter referred to as “conduit” in accordance with this Specification and in
conformity with the lines and grades shown on the Plans or as established by the Engineer.

500.2 Material Requirements

Material shall meet the requirements specified in the following specifications:

Zinc coated (galvanized) corrugated iron or steel
culverts and underdrains AASHTO M 36

Cast iron culvert pipe AASHTO M 64

Concrete sewer, storm drain and culvert pipe AASHTO M 86

Reinforced concrete culvert, storm drain and

sewer pipe AASHTO M 170

Bituminous coated corrugated metal culvert pipe

and pipe arches AASHTO M 190

Reinforced concrete arch culvert, storm drain

and sewer pipe AASHTO M 206

Reinforced concrete elliptical culvert, storm drain

and sewer pipe AASHTO M 207

Asbestos cement pipe for culverts and storm drains AASHTO M 217

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 Joint Mortar – Joint mortar for concrete pipes shall consist of 1 part, by volume of
Portland Cement and two (2) parts of approved sand with water as necessary to obtain the
required consistency.

Portland Cement and sand shall conform to the requirements of Item 405, Structural
Concrete. Mortar shall be used within 30 minutes after its preparation.

Rubber gaskets AASHTO M 198

Oakum – Oakum for joints in bell and spigot pipes shall be made from hemp (Cannavis
Sativa) line or Benares Sunn fiber or from a combination of these fibers. The oakum shall be
thoroughly corded and finished and practically free from lumps, dirt and extraneous matter.

Hot poured joint sealing compound AASHTO M 173

Bedding material shall conform to the requirements of Subsection 500.3.2, Bedding.

Backfill material shall conform to the requirements of Subsection 500.3.6, Backfilling.

When the location of manufacturing plants allow, the plants will be inspected
periodically for compliance with specified manufacturing methods, and material samples will be
obtained for laboratory testing for compliance with materials quality requirements. This shall be
the basis for acceptance of manufacturing lots as to quality.

Prior to and during incorporation of materials in the work, these materials will be
subjected to the latest inspection and approval of the Engineer.

500.3 Construction Requirements

500.3.1 Trenches Excavation

Trenches shall be excavated in accordance with the requirement of Item 103, Structure
Excavation, to a width sufficient to allow for proper jointing of the conduit and thorough
compaction of the bedding and backfill materials under and around the conduit. Where feasible,
trench wall shall be vertical.

The completed trench bottom shall be firm for its full length and width. Where required,
in the case of crop drains, the trench shall have a longitudinal camber of the magnitude specified.

When so specified on the Plans, the excavation for conduits placed in embankment fill,
shall be made after the embankment has been completed to the specified or directed height above
the designed grade of the conduit.

500.3.2 Bedding

The bedding shall conform to one of the classes specified. When no bedding class is
specified, the requirements for Class C bedding shall apply.

Class A bedding shall consist of a continuous concrete cradle conforming to the plan
details.

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 Class B bedding shall consist of bedding the conduit to a depth of not less than 30 percent
of the vertical outside diameter of the conduit. The minimum thickness of bedding material
beneath the pipe shall be 100 mm. The bedding material shall be sand or selected sandy soil all
of which passes a 9.5 mm sieve and not more than 10 percent of which passes a 0.075 mm sieve.
The layer of the bedding material shall be shaped to fit the conduit for at least 15 percent of its
total height. Recesses in the trench bottom shall be shaped to accommodate the bell when bell
and spigot type conduit is used.

Class C bedding shall consist of bedding the conduit to a depth of not less than 10 percent
of its total height. The foundation surface, completed in accordance with Item 103, Structure
Excavation, shall be shaped to fit the conduit and shall have recesses shaped to receive the bells,
if any. For flexible pipe, the bed shall be roughly shaped and a bedding blanket of sand or fine
granular material as specified above shall be provided as follows:

Pipe Corrugation Depth Minimum Bedding Depth

10 mm 25 mm
25 mm 50 mm
50 mm 75 mm

For large diameter structural plate pipes the shaped bed need not exceed the width of
bottom plate.

500.3.3 Laying Conduit

The conduit laying shall begin at the downstream end of the conduit line. The lower
segment of the conduit shall be in contact with the shaped bedding throughout its full length. Bell
or groove ends of rigid conduits and outside circumferential laps of flexible conduits shall be
placed facing upstream. Flexible conduit shall be placed with longitudinal laps or seams at the
sides.

Paved or partially-lined conduit shall be laid such that the longitudinal center line of the
paved segment coincides with the flow line. Elliptical and elliptically reinforced conduits shall
be placed with the major axis within 5 degrees of a vertical plane through the longitudinal axis
of the conduit.

500.3.4 Jointing Conduit

Rigid conduits may either be of bell and spigot or tongue and groove design unless
another type is specified. The method of joining conduit sections shall be such that the ends are
fully entered and the inner surfaces are reasonably flush and even.

Joints shall be made with (a) Portland Cement mortar, (b) Portland Cement grout, (c)
rubber gaskets, (d) oakum and mortar, (e) oakum and joint compound, (f) plastic sealing
compound, or by a combination of these types, or any other type, as may be specified. Mortar
joints shall be made with an excess of mortar to form a continuous bead around the outside of
the conduit and finished smooth on the inside. For grouted joints, molds or runners shall be used
to retain the poured grout. Rubber ring gaskets shall be installed so as to form a flexible water-
tight seal. Where oakum is used, the joint shall be called with this material and then sealed with
the specified material.

When Portland Cement mixtures are used, the completed joints shall be protected against
rapid drying by any suitable covering material.

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 Flexible conduits shall be firmly joined by coupling bands.

Conduits shall be inspected before any backfill is placed. Any pipe found to be out of
alignment, unduly settled, or damaged shall be taken up and re-laid or replaced.

500.3.5 Field Strutting

When required by the Plans, vertical diameter of round flexible conduit shall be increased
5 percent by shop elongation or by means of jacks applied after the entire line of conduit has been
installed on the bending but before backfilling. The vertical elongation shall be maintained by
means of sills and struts or by horizontal ties shall be used on paved invert pipe.

Ties and struts shall be 300 mm in place until the embankment is completed and
compacted, unless otherwise shown on the Plans.

These construction specifications shall also apply in the case of re-laid conduits. In
addition, all conduits salvaged for relaying shall be cleaned of all foreign materials prior to
reinstallation.

500.3.6 Backfilling

Materials for backfilling on each side of the conduit for the full trench width and to an
elevation of 300 mm above the top of the conduit shall be fine, readily compatible soil or granular
material selected from excavation or from a source of the Contractor’s choice, and shall not
contain stones that would be retained on a 50 mm sieve, chunks of highly plastic clay, or other
objectionable material. Granular backfill material shall have not less than 95 percent passing a
12.5 mm sieve and not less than 95 percent retained on a 4.75 mm sieve. Oversized material, if
present, shall be removed at the source of the material, except as directed by the Engineer.

When the top of the conduit is flushed with or below the top of the trench, backfill
material shall be placed at or near optimum moisture content and compacted in layers not
exceeding 150 mm (compacted) on both sides to an elevation 300 mm above the top of the
conduit. Care shall be exercised to thoroughly compact the backfill under the haunches of the
conduit. The backfill shall be brought up evenly on both sides of the conduit for the full required
length. Except where negative projecting embankment-type installation is specified, the backfill
material shall be placed and compacted for the full depth of the trench.

When the top of the conduit is above the top of the trench, backfill shall be placed at or
near optimum moisture content and compacted in layers not exceeding 300 mm (compacted) and
shall be brought up evenly on both sides of the conduit for its full length to an elevation 300 mm
above the top of the conduit. The width of the backfill on each side of the conduit for the portion
above the top of the trench shall be equal to twice the diameter of the conduit or 3.5 m, whichever
is less. The backfill material used in the trench section and the portion above the top of the trench
for a distance on each side of the conduit equal to the horizontal inside diameter and to 300 mm
above the top of the conduit shall conform to the requirements for backfill materials in this
Subsection. The remainder of the backfill shall consist of materials from excavation and borrow
that is suitable for embankment construction.

Compaction to the density specified in Item 104, Embankment, shall be achieved by use
of mechanical tampers or by rolling.

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 All conduits after being bedded and backfill as specified in this Subsection shall be
protected by one meter cover of fill before heavy equipment is permitted to cross during
construction of the roadway.

500.3.7 Imperfect Trench

Under this method, for rigid conduit, the embankment shall be completed as described
in Subsection 500.3.6, Backfilling, to a height above the conduit equal to the vertical outside
diameter of the conduit plus 300 mm. A trench equal in width to the outside horizontal diameter
of the conduit and to the length shown on the plans or as directed by the Engineer shall then be
excavated to within 300 mm of the top of the conduit, trench walls being as nearly vertical as
possible. The trench shall be loosely filled with highly compressible soil. Construction of
embankment above shall then proceed in a normal manner.

500.4 Method of Measurement

Conduit of the different types and sizes, both new and re-laid, will be measured by the
linear meter in place. Conduit with sloped or skewed ends will be measured along the invert.

Each section will be measured by the number of units installed.

Branch connection and elbows will be included in the length measurement for conduit,
or they may be measured by the number of units installed.

Class B bedding material placed and approved shall be measured by the cubic meter in
place.

When the Bid Schedule contains an estimated quantity for “Furnishing and Placing
Backfill Material, Pipe Culvert”, the quantity to be paid for will be the number of cubic meter
complete in place and accepted, measured in final position between limits as follows:

1. Measurement shall include backfill material in the trench up to the top of the
original ground line but will not include any material placed outside of vertical
planes 450 mm up outside of and parallel to the inside wall of pipe at its widest
horizontal dimension.

2. When the original ground line is less than 300 mm above the top of the pipe, the
measurement will also include the placing of all backfill materials, above the
original ground line adjacent to the pipe for a height of 300 mm above the top of
pipe and for a distance on each side of the pipe not greater than the widest
horizontal dimension of the pipe.

3. The measurement shall include the placing of backfill material in all trenches of
the imperfect trench method. Materials re-excavated for imperfect trench
construction will be measured for payment under Item 103, Structure Excavation.

500.5 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantities of conduit, determined as provided in Section 500.4, Method of

Measurement, shall be paid for at the contract unit price per linear meter for the conduit of the
types and sizes specified complete in place. End sections and, when so specified, branch
connections and elbows, shall be paid for at the contract unit price per piece for the kind and size
specified complete in place.

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 Excavation for culverts and storm drains, including excavation below flow line grade
and for imperfect trench, shall be measured and paid for as provided in Item 103, Structure
Excavation.

Concrete for Class A bedding will be paid for under Item 405, Structural Concrete.

When the Bid Schedule does not contain as estimated quantity for “Furnishing and
Placing Backfill Material, Pipe Culvert” payment for placing backfill material around pipe
culverts will be considered as included in the payment for excavation of the backfill material.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

500 (1) a3 Pipe Culverts, Class II, RCPC 910 mm ø Linear Meter

ITEM 505 – RIPRAP AND GROUTED RIPRAP

505.1 Description

This Item shall consist of the furnishing and placing of riprap with or without grout as
the case may be, with or without filter backing, furnished and constructed in accordance with this
Specification and to the lines and grades and dimensions shown on the Plans.

505.2 Material Requirements

505.2.1 Stones

Stones for riprap shall consist of rock as nearly as rectangular in section as is practical,
except that riprap of Class A may consist of round natural stones. The stones shall be sound,
tough, durable, dense, resistant to the action of air and water, and suitable in all respects for the
purpose intended.

Stones for riprap shall be one of the following classes as shown on the Plans or
determined by the Engineer.

Class A - Stones ranging from a minimum of 15kg to a maximum of

25kg with at least 50 percent of the stones weighing more
than 20kg

Class B - Stones ranging from minimum of 30kg to a maximum of

70kg with at least 50 percent of the stones weighing more
than 50kg

Class C - Stones ranging from minimum of 60kg to a maximum of

100kg with at least 50 percent of the stones weighing more
than 80kg

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 Class D - Stones ranging from minimum of 100kg to a maximum of
200kg with at least 50 percent of the stones weighing more
than 150kg

Sound pieces of broken concrete obtained from the removal of bridges, culverts and other
structures may be substituted for stone with the approval of the Engineer.

505.2.2 Filter Materials

When required, the riprap shall be placed on a filter layer to prevent fine embankment
materials to be washed out through the voids of the face stones. The grading of the filter material
shall be as specified on the Plans, or in the Special Provisions. If not so specified, it will be
required that D15 of the filter is at least 4 times the size D85 for the embankment material, where
D15 percent and 85 percent, respectively, passing (by mass) in a grain size analysis. Fine
aggregate passing grading requirements for Item 405, Structural Concrete, will satisfy foregoing
requirements.

505.2.3 Mortar

Mortar for grouted riprap shall consist of sand, cement and water conforming to the
requirements given under Item 405, Structural Concrete, mixed in the proportion of one part
cement to three parts sand by volume, and sufficient water to obtain the required consistency.

The horizontal and vertical contact surface between stones shall be embedded by cement
mortar having a minimum thickness of 20 mm. Sufficient mortar shall be used to completely fill
all voids leaving the face of the stones exposed.

505.3 Construction Requirements

505.3.1 Excavation

The bed for riprap shall be excavated to the required depths and properly compacted,
trimmed and shaped.

The riprap shall be founded in a toe trench dug below the depth of scour as shown on the
Plans or as ordered by the Engineer. The toe trench shall be filled with stone of the same class as
that specified for the riprap, unless otherwise specified.

505.3.2 Placing

Stones placed below the water line shall be distributed so that the minimum thickness of
the riprap is not less than that specified.

Stones above the water line shall be placed by hand or individually by machines. They
shall be laid with close, broken joints and shall be firmly bedded into the slope and against the
adjoining stones. Each stone shall be laid with its longest axis perpendicular to the slope in close
contact with each adjacent stone. The riprap shall be thoroughly rammed into place as
construction progresses and the finished surface shall present an even, tight surface. Interstices
between stones shall be filled with small broken fragments firmly rammed into place.

Unless otherwise provided, riprap shall have the following minimum thickness,
measured perpendicular to the slope:

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 Class A – 300 mm
Class B – 500 mm
Class C – 600 mm
Class D – 800 mm

The surface of riprap shall not vary from the theoretical surface by more than 100 mm at
any point.

505.3.3 Grouting

When grouted riprap is specified, stones shall be placed by hand, or individually by

machine as specified for riprap placed above the water line. The spaces between the stones shall
then be filled with cement mortar throughout the thickness of the riprap as specified in Subsection
504.2.3, mortar. Sufficient mortar shall be used to completely fill all voids, except that the face
surface of the stones shall be left exposed.

Grout shall be placed from bottom to top of the surface swept with a stiff broom. After
grouting is completed, the surface shall be cured as specified in Item 405, Structural Concrete for
a period of at least three days.

The stones shall also be laid in a manner that the vertical and horizontal alignments of
the exposed face shall, as possible be maintained in a straight line.

505.3.4 Weepholes

All walls and abutments shall be provided with weepholes. Unless otherwise shown on
the Plans or directed by the Engineer, the weepholes shall be placed horizontally at the lowest
points where free outlets for water can be obtained and shall be spaced at not more than 2 m
center to center in a staggered manner. The length of the weepholes shall not be less than the
thickness of the walls of the abutment and shall be at least 50 mm diameter PVC or other pipe
materials accepted by the Engineer. Weepholes must be provided with filter bags as specified in
special provision or as directed by the Engineer, and shall be incidental to Pay Item 505.

505.4 Method of Measurement

The quantities to be measured for payment shall be the number of cubic meters of riprap
or grouted riprap, as the case may be, including stones placed in the toe trench laid in position
and accepted.

Filter layer of granular material, when required, shall be measured separately by the cubic
meter in place and accepted.

The computation of the quantities will be based on the volume within the limiting
dimensions designated on the Plans or as determined by the Engineer.

505.5 Basis of Payment

The quantities measured as provided under Subsection 505.4 shall be paid for at the
contract unit price, respectively, for each of the Pay Items listed below and shown in the Bid
Schedule, which price and payment shall be full compensation for excavation and preparation of
the bed, for furnishing and placing all materials including backfill and all additional fill to bring
the riprap bed up to the lines, grades and dimensions shown on the plans, and all labor, equipment,
tools and incidentals necessary to complete the Item.

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 Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

505 (5) Grouted Riprap, Class A (Open Line Cubic Meter

Canal and Slope Protection)

ITEM 506 – STONE MASONRY

506.1 Description

This Item shall consist of stone masonry in minor structures, in headwalls for culverts, in
retaining walls at the toes of slopes, and at other places called for on the Plans, constructed on
the prepared foundation bed, in accordance with this Specification and in conformity with the
lines, grades, sections, and dimensions shown on the Plans or as ordered in writing by the
Engineer.

506.2 Material Requirements

506.2.1 Stone

The stone shall be clean, hard, and durable and shall be subject to the Engineer’s
approval. Adobe stone shall not be used unless otherwise specified.

Sizes and Shapes – Unless other sizes are shown on the Plans, stones have a thickness of
not less than 150 mm, and widths of not less than one and one-half times their respective
thickness, and lengths of not less than one and one half times their respective widths.
Each stone shall be of good shape and be free of depressions and projections that might
weaken or prevent it from being properly bedded.

Dressing – The stone shall be dressed to remove any thin or weak portions. Face stones
shall be dressed to provide bed and joint lines that do not vary more than 20 mm from
the true lines and to ensure the meeting of bed and joint lines without the rounding of
corners of the stones in excess of 30 mm in radius. Bed surfaces of the face stones shall
be approximately normal to the face of the stones for about 80 mm and from this point
may depart from a normal plane not to exceed 50 mm in 300 mm.

Finish for Exposed Faces – Face stones shall be pitched to the line along the beds and
joints. The maximum projection of rock faces beyond the pitch lines shall not be more
than 50 mm.

506.2.2 Mortar

Cement, fine aggregate, and water shall conform to the respective requirements for those
materials as specified under Item 405, Structural Concrete, except as to the grading of fine
aggregate which shall all pass the 2.36 mm (No. 8) sieve, not less than 15 nor more than 40
percent shall pass the 0.3 mm (No. 50) sieve, and not more than 10 percent shall pass the 0.15
mm (No.100) sieve.

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 The mortar for the masonry shall be composed of one part of Portland Cement and two
parts of fine aggregate by volume and sufficient water to make the mortar of such consistency
that it can be handled easily and spread with a trowel. Mortar shall be mixed only in those
quantities required for immediate use. Unless an approved mortar mixing machine is used, the
fine aggregate and cement shall be mixed dry in a tight box until the mixture assumes a uniform
color, after which, water shall be added as the mixing continues until the mortar attains the proper
consistency. Mortar that is not used within 90 minutes after the water has been added shall be
discarded. Retempering of mortar will not be permitted.

506.3 Construction Requirement

506.3.1 Selection and Placing

When the masonry is to be placed on a prepared foundation bed, the bed shall be firm
and normal to, or in steps normal to, the face of the wall, and shall have been approved by the
Engineer before any stone is placed.

Care shall be taken to prevent the bunching of small stone or stones of the same size.
Large stones shall be used in the corners.

All stones shall be cleaned thoroughly and wetted immediately before being set, and the
bed which is to receive them shall be cleaned and moistened before the mortar is spread. They
shall be laid with their longest faces horizontal in full beds of mortar, and the joints shall be
flushed with mortar.

The exposed faces of individual stones shall be parallel to the faces of the walls in which
the stones are set.

The stones shall be so handled as not to jar displace the stones already set. Suitable
equipment shall be provided for setting stones larger than those that can be handled by two men.
The rolling or turning of stones on the walls will not be permitted. If a stone is loosened after the
mortar has taken initial set, it shall be removed, the mortar cleaned off, and the stone relaid with
fresh mortar.

506.3.2 Bed and Joints

Beds for face stones may vary from 20 mm to 50 mm in thickness. They shall not extend
an unbroken line through more than 5 stones. Joints may vary from 20 mm to 50 mm in thickness.
They shall not extend in an unbroken line through more than two stones. They may be at angles
with the vertical from 00 to 450. Face stone shall bond at least 150 mm longitudinally and 50 mm
vertically. At no place shall corners of four stones be adjacent to each other.

Cross beds for vertical faced walls shall be level, and for battered walls may vary from
level to normal to the batter line of the face of the wall.

506.3.3 Headers

Headers shall be distributed uniformly throughout the walls of the structures so as to

form at least one-fifth of the exposed faces. They shall be of such lengths as to extend from the
front face of the wall into the backing of at least 300 mm. When a wall is 450 mm or less in
thickness, the headers shall extend entirely from front to back face.

506.3.4 Backing.

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 Backing shall be built mostly of large stones as shown in the approved Plans or as
directed by the Engineer. The individual stones composing the backing and hearting shall be well
bonded with the stones in the face wall and with each other. All openings and interstices in the
backing shall be filled completely with mortar or with spalls surrounded completely by mortar.

506.3.5 Pointing

Both bed and vertical joints shall be finished as shown on the Plans or as directed by the
Engineer. The mortar in joints on top of surface of masonry shall be crowned slightly at the center
of the masonry to provide drainage.

506.3.6 Coping

Copings, if called for, shall be finished as shown on the Plans. Where copings are not
called for, the top of the wall shall be finished with stones wide enough to cover the top of the
wall from 450 mm to 1000 mm in length, and of random heights, with a minimum height of 150
mm. Stone shall be laid in such a manner that the top course is an integral part of the wall. The
tops of top course of stone shall be pitched to line, in both vertical and horizontal planes.

506.3.7 Weepholes

It shall conform to the requirements of Item 504, Riprap and Grouted Riprap under
Subsection 504.3.4, Weepholes.

506.3.8 Cleaning Exposed Faces

Immediately after being laid, and while the mortar is fresh, all face stones shall be
thoroughly cleaned of mortar stains and shall be kept clean until the work is completed.

506.3.9 Curing

In hot or dry weather, the masonry shall be satisfactory protected from the sun and shall
be kept wet for a period of at least three days after completion.

506.4 Method of Measurement

The quantity to be paid for shall be the number of cubic meters of stone masonry
complete in place and accepted. Projections extending beyond the faces of the walls shall not be
included. In computing the quantity for payment, the dimensions used shall be those shown on
the Plans or ordered in writing by the Engineer. No deductions shall be made for weepholes,
drain pipes or other openings of less than one square meter in area.

506.5 Basis of Payment

The quantity of masonry, determined as provided in Section 506.4, Method of

Measurement, shall be paid for at the contract unit price per cubic meter for Stone Masonry,
which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and placing all materials,
including mortar for masonry, for all necessary excavations, and for all labor, equipment, tools
and incidentals necessary to complete the Item.

Payment will be made under:

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 Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

506 (1) Stone Masonry (Gravity Type Slope Cubic Meter

Protection, RCPC)

ITEM 603 – GUARDRAIL

603.1 Description

This item shall consist of furnishing and constructing posts and guardrails of the types
called for in the contract and in accordance with this Specification, at the locations, and in
conformity with the lines and grades shown on the Plans, or as required by the Engineer.

603.2 Material Requirements

Materials for the desired type of guardrail shall meet the requirements specified in the
following specifications:

1. Wire rope or wire cable AASHTO M 30

2. Chain link fabric AASHTO M 181
3. Metal beam rail AASHTO M 180
4. Timber rail, unless otherwise indicated in the Plans or Special Provisions, any of the
following first group Philippine Timber shall be used: Ipil, Molave, Tindalo or
Yacal. Only one specie of timber shall be used in the construction of any one
continuous length of guardrail.

Timber guardrail shall be well-seasoned, straight and free of injurious defects. They shall
be dressed and of sufficient length so that joints shall be on the rail posts.

Guardrail Hardware. Offset brackets of the resilient and non-resilient types shall be of
the type specified, or as shown on the Plans, and shall meet the strength requirements specified.

Splices and end connections shall be of the type and design specified or as shown on the
Plans, and shall be of such strength as to develop the full design strength of the rail elements.

Unless otherwise specified, all fittings, bolts, washers and other accessories shall be
galvanized in accordance with the requirements of AASHTO M 111 or ASTM A 153, whichever
may apply. All galvanizing shall be done after fabrication.

Guardrail Post. Posts shall be of either wood, steel, or concrete, as may be specified.
Only one kind of post shall be used for any one continuous guardrail.

Wood post shall be fabricated from an approved or specified timber specie and shall be
of the quality, diameter or section and length as specified, or as shown on the Plans.

Steel post shall be of the section and length as specified, or as shown on the Plans. They
shall be of a copper bearing steel when so specified. Steel shall conform to the requirements of
AASHTO M 183 for the grade specified. The posts shall be galvanized or shop painted as may
be specified.

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 Pre-cast reinforced concrete posts shall be of a section and length as specified or as
shown on the Plans. Concrete shall conform with the requirements of Item 405, Structural
Concrete, for class specified. Reinforcement shall conform with the requirements of AASHTO
M 31 Grade 60. All bars shall be of the deformed type.

Concrete deadmen for end anchorages shall be as specified, or as shown on the Plans.
Concrete and reinforcement shall conform to the requirements as stated above the precast
reinforced concrete posts.

Paints for steel and wood shall be specified and conform to the requirements specified in
Item 411, Paint.

603.3 Construction Requirements

603.3.1 Posts

Posts shall be set vertically in the position shown on the Plans and, where embedded in
a concrete foundation block, shall remain undisturbed for a minimum of 48 hours. The space
around the post shall be backfilled to the ground line with approved material in layers not
exceeding 100 mm and each layer shall be moistened and thoroughly compacted.

603.3.2 Rail Elements

Rail elements shall be erected in a manner resulting in a smooth continuous installation.

All bolts, except adjustment bolts, shall be drawn tight. Bolts shall be of sufficient length to
extend beyond the nuts at least 5 mm but not more than 10 mm.

Where painting of railing components is specified, any damage to the shop coat of paint
shall be corrected by an application of an approved rust-inhibitive primer prior to further painting.
Any surface inaccessible to painting after erection shall be given the specified number of coats
of paint uniformly applied by thorough brushing using an approved pressure spray.

Galvanized surfaces which have been abraded so that the base material is exposed,
threaded portions of all fittings and fasteners and cut ends of bolts shall be protected in a manner
as may be specified or directed.

The surfaces and sawed edges of untreated or salt-treated guardrail shall be painted with
three coats of white paint to within 200 mm of the ground line. The first 200 mm of posts above
the ground shall be painted with two coats of black paint. Painting shall be done only when the
timber is dry and clean. Each coat of paint shall be thoroughly dry before the next coat is applied.
Paint shall be applied in heavy coats, completely covering every part of the surface and shall be
worked well into the joints and open spaces. It shall be thoroughly and evenly spread that no
excess paint collects at any point.

Guardrail and posts, after erection has been completed, shall be stained with two
applications of approved creosote stain, covering the rails and the exposed portions of the posts.
The wood shall be dry before being stained. The first coat shall be thoroughly dry before the
second is applied. Stain shall not be applied in damp weather.

For beam type guardrails, metal works not galvanized shall be given one shop coat of
red lead, zinc chromate paint or an approved fast-drying rust-inhibitive primer and two field coats
of white or aluminum paint. Untreated wood posts shall be given three coats of paints of the

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color indicated on the Plans, or as specified. Painting shall conform to the requirements of Item
411, Paint.

603.4 Method of Measurement

Guardrail shall be measured by linear meter from center to center of end posts, except
where end connections are made on masonry or steel structures, in which case measurement will
be to the face of such structures.

End anchorages and terminal sections will be measured as units of each kind shown in
Bid Schedule. If no pay item for anchorages or terminal sections appears in the Bid Schedule,
measurement therefore shall be included in the linear meter measurement for completed
guardrail.

603.5 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantities of guardrail, determined in Subsection 603.4, Method of

Measurement, shall be paid for at the contract unit price per linear meter for the type specified,
complete in place, which price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and placing
all materials, including all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the Item.
When so specified, end anchorages and terminal sections will be paid for at the contract unit price
for each of the kind specified and completed in place.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

603 (3) a Metal Guardrail (Metal Beam) Linear Meter

Including Post Single W-Beam

603 (4) a Metal End Piece, Fish Tail Each

ITEM 605 – ROAD SIGN

605.1 Description

This Item shall consist of furnishing and installing road signs in accordance with this
Specification and to the details shown on the Plans, or as required by the Engineer.

The road signs shall comply in all respects with the “Philippine International Road Signs
Manual” published by the Department of Public Works and Highways, Manila. The categories
of road signs are designated in the Manual, namely, danger warning signs, regulatory signs and
informative signs, or guide signs. These are referred to in the Contract as warning signs and
informatory signs, respectively.

Road signs shall be classified as standard or non-standard. Standard signs consist of all
warning signs, regulatory signs and informatory signs with the exception of direction signs, place
identification signs and the line. Non-standard signs consist of all informatory signs which are
not classified as standard signs.

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 The size of warning and regulatory signs is the length of the side of triangular signs
(measured from the points of intersection of the extension of the edges), the horizontal width of
octagonal signs and the diameter of circular signs.

605.2 Material Requirements

605.2.1 Sign Panels

Sign panels for warning, regulatory, and informatory signs shall be manufactured from
aluminum sheeting at least 3 mm thick.

605.2.2 Reflective Sheeting

The reflective sheeting used on the road signs shall consist of spherical lens elements
embedded within a transparent plastic having a smooth, flat surface with a protected precoat
adhesive which shall be pressure sensitive for manual application, or tack free heat activated for
mechanical vacuum-heat application.

The minimum reflective brightness values of the reflective sheeting as compared to a

magnesium oxide (MgO) shall be as given in Table 605.1. The brightness of the reflective
sheeting totally wet by rain, shall be not less than 90% of the given values.

Table 605.1 – Reflective Brightness of Traffic Signs Surfaces

Color Angle of Angle of Minimum Reflective

Incidence Divergence Brightness Value
Compared with MgO
Red -40 0.50 15
200 0.50 10
500 0.50 3
White -40 0.50 75
200 0.50 70
500 0.50 70
Yellow -40 0.50 35
200 0.50 35
500 0.50 10
Blue -40 0.50 6
200 0.50 4.5
500 0.50 0.5

The reflective sheeting shall be sufficiently flexible to permit application and adhesion
to a moderately embossed surface. It shall show no damage when bent 900 over a 50 mm diameter
mandrel.

The sheeting shall be solvent-resistant so as to be capable of withstanding cleaning with

petrol, diesel fuel, mineral spirits, turpentine methanol.

The sheeting shall show no cracking or reduction in reflectivity after being subjected to
the dropping of a 25 mm diameter steel ball from a height of 2 m into its surface.

The adhesive shall permit the reflective sheeting to adhere accurately 48 hours after
application of temperatures of up to 900.

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 The reflective material shall be weather-resistant and, following cleaning in accordance
with manufacturer’s recommendations, shall show no discoloration, cracking, blistering, peeling
or any dimensional change.

Samples of reflective sheeting shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval.

605.2.3 Posts and Frames

Wide flange posts and frames shall be fabricated from structural steel conforming to
ASTM A 283 Grade D. In lieu of wide flange steel posts, the Contractor may use tubular steel
posts conforming to ASTM A 501. All posts shall be thoroughly cleaned, free from grease, scale
and rust and shall be given one coat of rust-inhibiting priming paint and two coats of gray paint
in accordance with Item 411, Paint.

605.2.4 Nuts and Bolts

Nuts, bolts, washers and other metal parts shall be hot-dip galvanized after fabrication
in accordance with the requirements of AASHTO M 111.

605.2.5 Concrete Foundation Blocks

The concrete for the foundation blocks shall be Class A in accordance with Item 405,
Structural Concrete and shall be of the size shown on the Plans.

605.3 Construction Requirements

605.3.1 Excavation and Backfilling

Holes shall be excavated to the required depth to the bottom of the concrete foundation
as shown on the Plans.

Backfilling shall be carried out by using suitable material approved by the Engineer and
shall be compacted in layers not exceeding 150 mm in depth. Surplus excavated material shall
be disposed of by the Contractor as directed by the Engineer.

605.3.2 Erection of Posts

The posts shall be erected vertically in position inside the formwork of the foundation
block prior to the placing of the concrete and shall be adequately supported by bracing to prevent
movement of the post during the placing and setting of concrete. The posts shall be located at
the positions shown on the Plans.

605.3.3 Sign Panel Installation

Sign panels shall be installed in accordance with the details shown on the Plans. Any
chipping or bending of the sign panels shall be considered as sufficient cause to require
replacement of the panels at the Contractor’s expense.

The exposed portion of the fastening hardware on the face of the signs shall be painted
with enamels matching the background color.

All newly erected traffic road signs shall be covered until ordered removed by the
Engineer.

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605.4 Method of Measurement

The quantities of standard reflective warning and regulatory road signs shall be the
number of such signs of the size specified, including the necessary posts and supports erected
and accepted.

The quantities for standard reflective informatory signs and non-standard reflective
informatory signs shall be the number of such, including the necessary posts and supports, erected
and accepted.

605.5 Basis of Payment

The quantities measured as determined in Subsection 605.4, Method of Measurement,

shall be paid for at the contract unit price for the Pay Items shown in the Bid Schedule which
price and payment shall be full compensation for furnishing and installing road signs, for
excavation, backfilling and construction of foundation blocks, and all labor, equipment, tools and
incidentals necessary to complete the Item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

605 (1) c1 Warning Signs, 600mm size, Class Each

W1-3A, Horizontal Alignment Curve
L or R

605 (1) d1 Warning Signs, 600mm size, Class Each

W1-4A, Horizontal Alignment Reverse
Curve L or R

605 (1) ai1 Warning Signs, 600mm x 600mm size, Each

Class W6-1B, Pedestrian and School
Signs Pedestrian Crossing Ahead

605 (3) b1 Information Signs, (G1-4) Each

ITEM 606 – PAVEMENT MARKINGS

606.1 Description

This item shall consist of placing markings on the finished pavement. The work shall
include the furnishing of premixed reflectorized traffic paint or reflectorized pavement marking
paint conforming to the requirements of AASHTO M 248, whichever is called for in the Contract,
sampling and packing, preparing the surface, and applying the paint to the pavement surface, all
in accordance with this Specification.

The paint shall be applied to the size, shape and location of the markings shown on the
Plans, or as required by the Engineer.

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606.2 Premixed Reflectorized Traffic Paints

Premixed reflectorized traffic paint is a paint in which the glass beads are mixed in the
paint during the process of manufacture, so that upon application and drying, the paint line is
capable of retroreflection of the light beams.

Premixed reflectorized traffic paints which are available in both white and yellow are
paints that provide reflective marking for concrete, bituminous, bricks or stone surface of
highways, bridges, tunnels, streets, parking lots and airports.

606.2.1 Classification

Premixed reflectorized traffic paint shall be classified according to the following types
based on the vehicles used:

Type I – Alkyd
Type II – Chlorinated Rubber Alkyd

606.2.2 Material Requirements

The paint shall consist of pigments, vehicles and glass beads so combined as to produce
a paint that will conform to the following requirements.

a. Condition in container – The packaged material shall be free from lumps and mixed
readily to a smooth homogenous state.
b. Skinning – The packaged material shall not skin within 48 hours in a ¾ filled, tightly
closed container.
c. Appearance of Dried Film – The paint film shall dry to a smooth uniform finish.
d. Flexibility – The dried paint film shall not show cracking or flaking after being bent
about 180 degrees over a 12.7 mm mandrel.
e. Resistance to Water – The dried paint film shall not show blistering, peeling, wrinkling
and discoloration when immersed in water for 18 hours.
f. The paint shall also conform to the physical properties specified in Table 1.

Table 1 – Physical Properties

Properties Type I and Type II

Minimum Maximum
Specific Gravity 1.5 -
Drying Time, No Pick Up,
Minutes - 40
Consistency (Kreb Units) at 20 C 65 95

g. Premixed reflectorized traffic paint composition shall conform to the requirements given
in Table 2.

Table 2 – Composition Requirements

Requirements
Paint Composition
Type I Type II
Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
Total Dry Solids, percent
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 By weight 60 - 60 -
Titanium Dioxide, Rutile 16.0
Percent by weight 16.0 - -
Medium Chrome Yellow, 12.0
Percent by weight 12.0 - -
Extenders, percent by wt.,
White 13.0 - 13.0
Yellow - 17.0 - 17.0
Non-volatile Content
(based on the vehicle)
percent by weight 40 - 41 -
Glass Beads, percent by 31.0
Weight 31.0 35.0 35.0

h. Glass Spheres or Beads Requirements:

Quantity: The amount of glass beads to be mixed with the paint shall be 500
grams per liter of paint.

Beads Diameter: The percentage of beads that will pass through the US
Standard Sieves shall be as follows:

Sieve No. (um) Mass Percent Passing

70 (212 – um) – 0.850 100

80 (186 – um) – 0.600 85-100
140 (106 – um) – 0.300 15-55
230 (63 – um) – 0.150 0-10

Index of Refraction: The index of refraction of the beads shall be

within the range of 1.50 to 1.60 when tested
by the liquid immersion method at 29oC.

Appearance: The glass beads shall be transparent, colorless and

the sum of particles that are fused, plane, angular
and colored and contains bubble shall not exceed
20 percent

606.2.3 Construction Requirements

The painting of lane markers and traffic strips shall include the cleaning of the pavement
surfaces, the application, protection and drying of the paint coatings, the protection of
pedestrians, vehicular or other traffic, the protection of all parts of the road structure and its
appurtenances against disfigurement by spatters, splashes or smirches of paints or of paint
materials, and the supplying of all tools, labor and traffic paint necessary for the entire work.

The paint shall not be applied during rain or wet weather or when the air is misty, or
when in the opinion of the Engineer, conditions are unfavorable for the work. Paint shall not be
applied upon damp pavement surfaces, or upon pavement which has absorbed heat sufficient to
cause the paint to blister and produce a porous film of paint.

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 The application of paint shall preferably be carried out by a machine specially made for
this purpose but where brushes are used, only round or oval brushes not exceeding 100 mm in
width will be permitted. The paint shall be so applied as to produce a uniform, even coating in
close contact with the surface being painted.

Traffic paint shall be applied to the pavement at the rate of 0.33 L /m 2 and shall dry
sufficiently to be free from cracking in from 15 to 30 minutes.

All markings shall present a clean cut, uniform and workmanlike appearance. Markings
that fail to have a uniform, satisfactory appearance either by day or night, shall be corrected by
the Contractor in a manner acceptable to the Engineer and at no cost to the Government.

606.2.4 Sampling

The paint shall be sampled in accordance with PNS 484/ISO 1512 or other Philippine
Standard Method of Sampling Paints and Varnishes.

606.2.5 Test Methods

The paints shall be tested in accordance with the methods specified in PNS 461 or other
Philippine Standard Method of Tests for Paints and Varnishes.

606.2.6 Packing, Packaging and Marking

The paints shall be packed, packaged and marked in accordance with PNS 140.

606.3 Method of Measurement

The quantity of pavement markings to be paid for shall either be the length as shown on
the Plans of painted traffic line of the stated width or the area as shown on the plans of symbols,
lettering, hatchings, and the like, completed and accepted. Separate items shall be provided for
premixed reflectorized traffic paint and reflectorized thermoplastic pavement markings.

606.4 Basis of Payment

The quantities measured as determined in Section 606.4, Method of Measurement, shall

be paid for at the appropriate contract unit price for the Pay Items shown in the Bid Schedule
which price and payment shall constitute full compensation for furnishing and placing all
materials, sampling and packing, for the preparation of the surface, and for all labor, equipment,
tools and incidentals necessary to complete the Item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

606 (1) a1 Pavement Markings, Premixed Square Meter

Reflectorized, White

ITEM 612 – REFLECTIVE THERMOPLASTIC STRIPPING

MATERIALS (SOLID FORM)
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612.1 Description

This standard specifies the requirement for reflectorized thermoplastic pavement striping
material conforming to AASHTO M 249 that is applied to the road surface in a molten state by
mechanical means with surface application of glass beads at a rate of not less than 350 g/L of
glass beads having a size range of drop-in type and will produce an adherent reflectorized stripe
of specified thickness and width capable of resisting deformation by traffic.

612.2 Materials Requirements

1. Reflectorized Thermoplastic Pavement Material shall be homogeneously composed

of pigment, filler, resins and glass reflectorizing spheres. The thermoplastic material shall be
available to both white and yellow.

2. Glass Beads (Pre-Mix) shall be uncoated and shall comply with the following
requirements:

Refractive Index, min. - 1.50

Spheres, Percent, min. - 90

Gradation:
Sieve Mass Percent Passing
Mm
0.850 100
0.600 75-95
0.425 -
0.300 15-35
0.180 -
0.150 0-5

612.3 General Requirements

612.3.1 Composition

The pigment, beads and filler shall be uniformly dispersed in the resin. The material
shall be free from all skins, dirt and foreign objects and shall comply with the requirements as
specified in Table 612.1.

Table 612.1 – Composition Requirements

Component White Yellow

Binder, min. 18.0 18.0
Glass Beads:
min. 30 30
max. 40 40
Titanium
Dioxide, min. 10.0
Chrome Yellow,
Medium, min. 10.0
Calcium Carbonate
And Inert Fillers,
Max. 42.0 42.0

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612.3.2 Qualitative

The material shall conform to the qualitative requirements as specified in Table 612.2.

Table 612.2 – Qualitative Requirements

Property Requirements
White Yellow
Specific Gravity, max. 2.15
Drying Time, minutes, max. 10.0
Bond Strength to Portland
Cement Concrete after
heating for four (4) hours
±5 min. @ 218oC, MPa, max. 1.24
Cracking Resistance @ low
temp. after heating for
four (4) hours ±5 min. @ 218
±2oC. No cracks
Impact Resistance after
heating for four (4) hours
±5 min. @ 218 ±2oC and
forming test specimens,
mm/kg, min. 115
Softening Point after heating 102.5 ± 9.5oC
for four (4) hours ±5 min.
@ 218 ±2oC.
Daylight reflectant @ 45 75 45
Degrees – 0 degrees, % min.

612.4 Application Properties

The material shall readily extrude at a temperature of 211 ± 7 oC, from approved
equipment to produce a line 3.2 to 4.8 mm thick which shall be continuous and uniform in shape
having clear and sharp dimensions.

The material shall not exude fumes which are toxic, obnoxious or injurious to persons or
property when heated during applications.

The application of additional glass beads by drop-in methods shall be at a rate of not less
than 350 g/L of glass beads having a size range for drop-in type. The typical size range of spheres
of drop-in type paints is as follows.

Passing 850 um (#20) sieve and

retained on 250 um (#60) sieve, % 80 – 100

a) Preparation of Road Surface – the materials should be applied only on the surface
which is clean and dry. It shall not be laid into loose detritus, mud or similar extraneous matter,
or over an old paint marking, or over an old thermoplastic marking which is faulty. In the case
of smooth, polished surface stones such as smooth concrete, old asphalt surfacing with smooth
polished surface stones and/or where the method of application of the manufacturer of the
thermoplastic materials shall be recommended, and with the approval of the Engineer.

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 b) Preparation of Thermoplastic Materials – The materials shall be melted in accordance
with the manufacturer’s instruction in a heater fitted with a mechanical stirrer to give a smooth
consistency to the thermoplastic and such the local overheating shall be avoided. The
temperature of the mass shall be within the range specified by the manufacturer and shall on no
account be allowed to exceed the maximum temperature stated by the manufacturer. The molten
material shall be used as expeditiously as possible and for thermoplastics which have natural
resin binders or otherwise sensitive to prolong heating the materials shall not be maintained in a
molden condition for more than 4 hours.

c) Laying – Center lines, lane lines and edges lines shall be applied by approved
mechanical means and shall be laid in regular alignment. Other markings may be applied by
hand – screed, hand propelled machine or by self-propelled machine approved or directed by the
Engineer. After transfer to the laying apparatus the materials shall be maintained within the
temperature range specified by the manufacturer and stirred to maintain the right consistency for
laying.

In the case of screen application, the material shall be laid to a thickness of not less than
3 mm or more than 6 mm unless authorized by the Engineer when laid over an existing marking.
In the case of sprayed application, the material shall be laid to thickness of not less than 1.5 mm
unless authorized by the Engineer. In all cases the surface produced shall be uniform and
appreciably free from bubbles and steaks. Where the Contractor Documents require or the
Engineer direct that ballotini shall be applied to the surface of the markings, these shall be applied
uniformly to the surface of hot thermoplastic immediately after laying such that the quality of
ballotini firmly embedded and retained in the surface after completion complies with the
requirements of Sub-section 606.2.2, Material Requirements.

Road markings of a repetitive nature, other center lines, lane lines, etc., shall unless
otherwise directed by the Engineer be set out with stencils which comply with the size and
spacing requirements shown on the Plans.

d) Re-use of Thermoplastic Materials – At the end of day’s as much as possible the

material remaining in the heater and/or laying apparatus shall be removed. This may be broken
and used again provided that the maximum heating temperature has not been exceeded and that
the total time during which it is a molden condition does not exceed the requirements of Sub-
section 606.2.3, Construction Requirements.

612.4.1 Defective Materials or Workmanship

Materials which are defective or have been applied in an unsatisfactory manner or to

incorrect dimensions or in a wrong location shall be removed, the road pavement shall be made
good and materials replaced, reconstructed and/or properly located, all at the Contractor’s
expenses and to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

612.4.2 Protection of the Traffic

The Contractor shall protect pedestrians, vehicles and other traffic adjacent to the
working area against damage or disfigurement by construction equipment, tools and materials or
by spatters, splashes and smirches or paint or other construction materials and during the course
of the work, provide and maintain adequate signs and signals for the warning and guidance of
traffic.

612.5 Sampling

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 A minimum weight of 10 kg. of Reflectorized Thermoplastic paint shall be taken for
every 100 bags or fraction thereof.

612.6 Testing

The material shall be tested in accordance with AASHTO T 250 or with the appropriate
method in ASTM designation.

612.7 Packing and Marking

The material shall be packaged in a suitable container to which it will not adhere during
shipment and storage. The blocks of cast thermoplastic material shall be approximately 300 x
915 by 51 mm and shall weigh approximately 23 kg. Each container label shall designate the
color, manufacturer’s name, batch number and date of manufacture. Each batch manufactured
shall have its own separate number. The label shall warn the user that the material shall be
heated to 211 ± 7oC during application.

612.8 Method of Measurement

The quantity of pavement markings to be paid for shall be the area as shown on the Plans
of painted traffic line of the stated width and the area as shown on the plans of symbols, lettering,
hatching and the like, completed and accepted.

The quantity shown in the Bill of Quantities represents the approximate quantity in
square meter of pavement markings, with width as shown applied at the centerline of the road
pavements to which may be increased or decreased depending on the Engineer’s decision
whether to require additional markings or delete parts of it. Other markings representing
symbols, lettering, hatching and others in locations where they may be required by the Engineer
shall, likewise, be implemented by the Contractor using reflectorized thermoplastic pavement
markings as approved and directed.

612.9 Basis of Payment

The quantities measured as determined in Subsection 612.8, Method of Measurement,

shall be paid for at the appropriate contract unit price for the Pay Items shown in the Bid Schedule
which price and payment shall constitute full compensation for furnishing and placing all
materials, sampling and packing, for the preparation of the surface, and for all labor, equipment,
tools and incidentals necessary to complete the Item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

612 (1) Reflectorized Thermoplastic Pavement Square Meter

Markings (White)

612 (2) Reflectorized Thermoplastic Pavement Square Meter

Markings (Yellow)

ITEM 620 – CHEVRON SIGNS

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620.1 Description

This item shall consist of furnishing and installation chevron signs in accordance with
this specification and to the details shown on the plans, or as required by the Engineer.

620.2 General

620.2.1 Function

The chevron signs shall be used to guide drivers through a change in horizontal alignment
of the road such as curves and less than sharp turns. Chevron signs shall also be used to
supplement any of the advance warning signs, the horizontal alignment signs (W-types) or the
standard guide post and delineators.

620.2.2 Design

The chevron sign shall be vertical rectangle. No border shall be used on the chevron sign.

The point of the arrow or chevron shall indicate the direction of travel. They shall be
visible for at least 150 m to provide the road user with adequate time to react to the change in
alignment. The minimum lateral offset of the chevron sign shall be 1.8 m from the edge of
pavement.

The signs shall be installed on the outside of the curve, set up aligned with approaching
traffic at right angle to a driver’s line of sight. Two-sided chevron signs may be used on two-
lane, two-way roads to guide drivers travelling in both directions.

It is recommended that the spacing of the chevron signs should allow the driver to see at
least three (3) signs in view while negotiating the curve, until the change in alignment eliminates
the need for the signs.

Chevron signs shall be mounted clear of roadside vegetation and clearly visible under
headlight illumination by night. Chevrons should be installed 1.5m above the ground in the rural
areas and 2.2m in the urban areas. The recommended spacing for the chevrons within a curve are
shown in the table 620.1.

620.1 – Recommended Spacing for Chevrons Signs

Advisory Speed Limit Radius Chevron Spacing

(kph) (m) (m)
≤ 20 ≤ 60 12
30-50 60-120 24
60-70 120-210 36
80-90 210-300 48
>90 >300 60

The above spacing distances shall apply to points within the curve. Approach and
departure spacing distances shall be twice those shown above.

620.2.3 Types of Chevron Signs

Two (2) types of chevron signs are provided for in this item and each type shall be used
as called for on the plans. The typical sizes are shown in Table 620.2.

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 Table 620.2 – Types of Chevron Signs

Type Typical Size Application

a. HM – 1A - 450mm x 600mm ≤ 60 kph design speed with no visible problem
>60 kph design speed and/or with no visibility
b. HM – 1B - 600mm x 800mm problem (e.g. fog)

620.3 Material Requirements

It shall conform to the requirements of Subsection 605.2.1. Sign Panels of item 605 –
Road Sign, DPWH Standard Specifications, Volume II.

620.3.2 High Performance Reflective Sheeting

The reflective sheeting shall be weather resistant and show no appreciable cracking,
blistering, crazing or dimensional change after two (2) years of unprotected outdoor exposure.

The reflective sheeting shall have high reflectivity normal to vehicle headlight dependent
on the angle of incident. The reflective material shall be sharp, no glare, and directed towards the
light source of approved angle of incidence.

The reflective sheeting shall perform effectively for a minimum of seven (7) years from
date of fabrication.

The reflective sheeting must retain at least 70% of its original brightness for regular and
fluorescent sheeting respectively at the end of seven years. All chevron signs used for the road
projects should be warranted by the sheeting manufacturer for above-stated performance.

Chevron signs shall be dated at the time of installation in order to initiate the 7-year
performance warranty. A sign-dating sticker that indicates the manufacturer’s name, material
type/brand name with the month and year of installation should be placed at the back of the sign
face.

The reflective sheeting shall consist of full cube microprismatic lens sheeting with an
interlocking diamond seal pattern with pre-coated adhesive backing protected by a removable
liner. The minimum reflective brightness value of reflective sheeting shall be in accordance with
the following table.

Table 620.3 – Reflective Brightness of Traffic Signs Surfaces

Observation Angle² (degrees)

0.2º 0.5º 1.0º
For -4º Entrance Angle¹
White 570 400 120
Yellow 425 300 90
Red 114 80 24
Green 57 40 12
Blue 26 18 5.4
Fluorescent Yellow 340 240 72
Fluorescent Yellow Green 460 320 96
Fluorescent Orange 170 120 36

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 For 30º Entrance Angle¹
White 214 150 45
Yellow 160 112 34
Red 43 30 9
Green 21 15 4.5
Blue 10 6.8 2
Fluorescent Yellow 130 90 27
Fluorescent Yellow Green 170 120 36
Fluorescent Orange 64 45 14
For 45º Entrance Angle¹
White 100 50 25
Yellow 75 37 19
Red 20 10 5
Green 10 5 3
Blue 4.5 1.5 0.8
Fluorescent Yellow 60 30 15
Fluorescent Yellow Green 80 40 20
Fluorescent Orange 30 15 7

All units are expressed in terms of cd/lux/sq.m.

¹ Entrance Angle – The angle from the illumination axis to the retro-reflector axis. The reflector
axis is an axis perpendicular to the retro-reflective surface.
² Observation Angle – The angle between the illumination axis and observation axis.

620.2.3.3 Post and Attachments

It shall conform to the applicable requirements of subsection 605.2.3, Post and Frames.

Post required for the erection of sign shall be made of galvanized steel pipes not less than
75mm (outside diameter) x 3.25mm thick, or other sections of equivalent strength. Aluminum
alloy may be used. Plastics may be considered, provided they have been suitably evaluated.

Attachments shall provide for the positive and robust connection of signs to their
mounting post. Consideration shall be given to distributing attachment loads, e.g., by the
provision of suitably shaped saddles and clamps or brackets for a round post.

620.3.4 Nuts and Bolts

It shall conform to the requirements of subsection 605.2.4, Nuts and Bolts, item 605 –
Road Sign, DPWH Standard Specifications, Volume II.

620.3.5 Concrete Foundation Blocks

It shall conform to the requirements of subsection 605.2.5, Concrete Foundation Blocks,

item 605 – Road Sign, DPWH Standard Specifications, Volume II.

620.4 Construction Requirements

620.4.1 Excavation and Backfilling

It shall conform to the requirements of subsection 605.3.1, Excavation and Backfilling,

item 605 – Road Sign, DPWH Standard Specifications, Volume II.
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620.4.2 Erection of Post

It shall conform to the requirements of subsection 605.3.2, Erection of Post, item 605 –
Road Sign, DPWH Standard Specifications, Volume II.

620.4.3 Sign Panel Installation

It shall conform to the requirements of subsection 605.3.3, Sign Panel Installation, item
605 – Road Sign, DPWH Standard Specifications, Volume II.

620.5 Method of Measurement

The quantities of chevron signs shall be the number of such sign of the size specified,
including the necessary posts and supports, erected and accepted.

620.6 Basis of Payment

The quantities measured as determined in section 620.5, Method of Measurement, shall

be paid for at the contract unit price shown in the Bid Schedule which price and payment shall
be full compensation for furnishing and installing chevron signs, for excavation\, backfilling and
construction of foundation blocks, and all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to
complete the item.

Payment will be made under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

620 Chevron Signs (HM-1A, 450mm x Each

600mm)

ITEM 622 – COCONET BIO-ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS

622.1 Description

This item covers installation of coconut bio-engineering materials such as coconets,

cocologs, cocotwines and cocopeat for controlling soil erosion caused by surface runoff and
stabilizing slope in accordance with the cross section shown on the plans or as directed by the
Engineer. This shall include treatment of embankments and cut slopes in roads construction.

622.2 Definition

For the purpose of this item, the following terms shall be defined:

a. Coconut Bio-Engineering Technology - the use of coconut materials to stabilize slopes

and minimize soil erosion or restore and maintain the land damaged by erosion in a natural
condition by placing the materials in sloping lands and embankments to hold the vulnerable soil
and permit vegetation to control surface erosion and conserve the productivity of the soil.

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 b. Bio-engineering solution - any aspect of bio-engineering technology used in a
particular instance such as material, technique, patterns, and others.

c. Coconut Bio-engineering materials - any coconut husk-based materials such as

coconets, cocologs, cocopeat, placed in sloping lands and embankments to hold the vulnerable
soil and permit vegetative growth to control surface erosion and conserve the productivity of the
soil.

d. Coir - fibers from coconut husks.

e. Coconet - mechanically and or manually spun coir fiber twine woven into blankets of
different density and size.

f. Cocolog-a tubular structure of coconut coir fiber blankets of different diameter filled
with coco coir and cocopeat.

g. Cocotwine - a string made of coir strands mechanically and or manually twisted

together.

h. Cocopeat -natural and residual materials or dust from coconut husk which serves as
soil conditioner or growing medium.

i. Live plants - refer to woody plants such as trees or shrubs propagated through cuttings
such as madre de cacao.

622.3 Material Requirements

622.3.1 Coir

Coir for use in making of coconets and cocologs shall be of Grades CH-3 and/or CH-2
in accordance with PNS/BAFPS 21:2008 ICS 59.060.10.

622.3.2 Coconet and Cocolog

Coconet and Cocolog to be used shall conform with Tables 1 and 2, respectively.

Table 1
Physical Properties of Coconet

Properties Coconet 400 Coconet 700 Coconet 900

Minimum Thickness, mm 10.0 ± 1.0 10.0 ± 1.0 10.0 ± 1.0
Minimum Width, m* 1.0 1.0 1.0
Minimum Length, m* 25.0 25.0 25.0
Weight per square meter, g/m² at 18- 400 ± 20 700 ± 35 900 ± 45
24% MC
Diameter of Twine, mm 5.0 ± 1.0 5.0 ± 1.0 5.0 ± 1.0
(mechanically or manually spun)
No. of twines/m, Crosswise 40 40 70
(min.) Direction**
Lengthwise 40 70 70
Direction***
Woven netting made from high strength 100%
coconut fiber twine
190
 Color Natural earth Tone
Tensile Strength, N/twine, (min) 150 150 150
Elongation, (Machine 26 34 42
(min) Direction), %
(Cross Machine 32 38 32
Direction), %
“C” Factor 0.002 0.002 0.002
Applicability in terms of water 2.7 3.35 4.26
velocity (surface run-off), m/s, (min)
Water Absorption, %, (min) 163 146 132
Applicability in terms of slope Less than or Greater than 1:1 Greater than
inclination equal to 1:1 to 1:1.5 (46° to 1:1.5 (61° to
(45° and below) 60°) 70°)
Note: *In cases where the needed width or length are below the minimum, cutting is allowed
either crosswise or lengthwise provided that the ends of every two succeeding cut
twines are securely locked by tying together.
** weft-the crosswise twines on a loom over and under which other twines are passed;
*** warp-the lengthwise twines on a loom over and under which the weft are passed;
''C'' Factor - Safety factor

Table 2
Physical Properties of Cocolog

Type of Diameter (mm) Weight (min.) Maximum Water Velocity (Surface

Cocolog (Kg/m) run-off) Resistability, m/sec
Cocolog 100 100 2.0 1.5
Cocolog 200 200 4.5 2.0
Cocolog 300 300 10 3.0
Cocolog 400 400 20 4.0
Cocolog 500 500 30 Above 4.0
Note: All cocologs must be made of 100% coir fiber netting with at least 2.5 cm eye and filled
with 60% Grade E cocopeat covered with 40% Grade CH-W coir.

622.3.3 Backfill

Backfill shall be in accordance with the approved Plan and shall conform to the
requirements of Item 104 - Embankment.

622.3.4 Bamboo Stakes

Bamboo stakes shall be matured with head measuring at least 60 mm wide and 30 mm
long; notch, at least 20 mm; and body, at least 40 mm wide and 300 mm long tapered and
sharpened at the end. The head shall coincide with the bamboo nodes to ensure strength. Stakes
shall be embedded on ground so that only the notch sticks out from the top of the coconets to
hold the coconets in place. For cocologs, stakes length equivalent to 1.5 times the diameter shall
be added.

622.3.5 Live Plant Stakes (Live Kakawate "madre de cacao" or Ipil-Ipil or Equivalent Species)

Live plant stakes shall be kept moist and planted within the day when prepared and shall
be 20 mm to 40 mm in diameter and 300 to 500 in length for cut slope and 500 mm to 1,000 mm
in length for embankments.

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622.4 Construction Requirements

622.4.1 Quality Control

The geonets manufacturer shall be responsible for establishing and maintaining a quality
control program to assure compliance with the requirements of this Specification.

622.4.2 Equipment

Equipment and tools necessary for handling materials and performing all parts of the
works shall be approved by the Engineer as to design, capacity and mechanical condition. The
equipment shall be at the jobsite sufficiently ahead of the start of construction operations.

622.4.3 Site Measurement

The area to be installed with coconets and cocologs shall be measured based on approved
Plans to determine the appropriate dimensions of coconets (in square meter) and cocologs (in
linear meter) to be installed.

622.4.4 Site Preparation

Site for coconet installation shall be graded and sloped to the approved design then
flattened, compacted, and smoothened and any run-off control such as diversions, dikes and
berms shall be completed prior to installation. All depressions/gullies and eroded portions shall
be backfilled and compacted for the coconets to snugly come in contact with the soil surface.
Likewise, the face of the slope shall be flattened, compacted and smoothened. Rocks, clods,
vegetation (deemed detrimental to the erosion control system to be installed), and other
obstructions shall be removed from tip to toe of the slope to ensure complete contact of the
coconets with the soil. Existing vegetations that are considered not detrimental shall be retained,
but shall be trimmed down to facilitate the installation of the coconets.

The Contractor shall be responsible to ensure appropriate site preparation. To ensure that
the area is appropriately prepared for coconet installation, the Engineer shall issue Notice to
Proceed for bio-engineering solution activity.

622.4.5 Anchoring

All anchoring materials shall be installed at right angles (perpendicular to the ground
surface) based on the approved Plan or as directed by the Engineer. Live plant (cutting) and
bamboo stakes shall be used. The bamboo stakes shall serve as temporary anchor while
vegetation is growing. Stakes shall fix the corners of the area to be covered. The stakes shall be
planted in such a way that only 100 mm stick out from the top of either the coconets or cocologs
installed in order to minimize any disturbance thus facilitate faster growth. In addition, stakes
used for cocologs shall be embedded at least 150 mm on the ground which means that the
standard length of stakes for cocologs is equivalent to 250 mm plus the diameter of the cocologs.

622.4.5.1 Anchoring the Coconets

622.4.5.1.1 Leading Coconet Edges at the Topmost Berm

The leading edges of the coconets at the top of the slope shall be fixed and secured to the
ground by using five (5) bamboo stakes per lineal meter.

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622.4.5.1.2 Coconets in Downslopes

The coconets placed downslope shall be fixed and secured to the ground by bamboo and
live stakes to ensure direct and even contact of coconets to the ground surface.

a. Common Soil

Bamboo stakes to be used shall be fixed alternately at an interval of 50 cm across

and 30 cm down the slope starting at the uppermost corner where the coconets shall
be rolled down. Live plant cuttings shall be planted at 3 stakes per square meter,
fixed at about 10 cm to either left or right of the bamboo stakes or as per approved
Plan or as directed by the Engineer.

Longer stakes shall be used in loose soils to have sufficient ground anchorage and
prevent pullout.

b. Compacted Soil

A combination of bamboo stakes and at least 6 mm U-shaped wire staples shall be

used for compacted, hard to penetrate soil. An average of 3 stakes / staples per square
meter shall be used to ensure uniform contact of coconet to the ground surface.

c. Hard Rock

The coconets shall be anchored to solid rock surfaces using at least 5 stakes per
square meter of U-metal stake pins with a minimum diameter of 6.0 mm and length
of 200 mm to 300 mm.

622.4.5.1.3. Ending Coconets in Slope Toes and Sides

The last stakes across the slope shall be fixed at a distance which is a fraction of 50 cm
from the preceding stakes while the last stakes down the slope shall be fixed at a distance which
is a fraction of 30 cm from the preceding stakes. Spacing and interval of stakes should be in
accordance with the approved Plans or as per instruction or directed by the Engineer.
622.4.5.2 Anchoring the Cocologs

Cocologs shall be firmly secured to the ground using bamboo and live stakes fixed at the
center crosswise and at the sides lengthwise. The center stakes shall be installed starting at a point
50 cm from the edge of the first cocolog and at an interval of one (1) meter thereafter. Side stakes
shall be installed in pairs starting at the edge of the cocologs at an interval of 30 cm thereafter.
The last of either center or side stakes are installed 10 cm from the edge of the last cocolog in a
row, the distance from the preceding stakes being a fraction of the prescribed interval. The pairs
of side stakes shall be tied with cocotwine looped at least 5 times and locked closely through
knots. Bamboo stakes are also placed beside the live stakes at 50 mm distance along the cocologs.

The last cocolog shall be cut to the desired area dimensions. In this case, it is necessary
to tie and lock with knots opposite twines at the cut portion.

622.4.6 Installation / Placing of Coconets

The coconets shall be used on critical cut slopes, embankments and disturbed soils
generally steeper than 3:1, where water velocities (surface runoff) are likely to wash out soils and

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new vegetation. Coconets shall be placed and anchored on the graded surface of the slope to
maximize net contact with the slope surface and laid on a 30 cm by 50 cm trench which shall be
covered with soil after the nets are laid and anchored.

Installation shall begin at a distance 50 cm from the top edge of the slope with the leading
edge of the coconets laid across a 1.1 m trench (30 cm each side and 50 cm width) and folded
back. The leading edge shall be anchored according to Subsection 622.4.5.1, Anchoring the
Coconets covered with soil, and then unrolled towards the edge of the slope downwards, thereby
making an overlap of 1.1 m.

The bottom edge should extend about 30 cm from the last stakes then folded underneath
at 10 cm from the edge and embedded or covered with approximately 25 cm soil to prevent
dislodging and eventual hanging. Likewise, the edge of the coconets across the slope shall be
folded to about 10 cm to prevent twines to loose especially if the coconuts are cut. In case the
coconets are cut to the desired width, the twines shall be locked by tying the pair of consecutive
twines with knot.

Adjacent coconets shall be installed side-by-side and shall be sewn together every 50
mm using cocotwine only. The coconet shall then be fastened and secured firmly to the ground
in accordance to Subsection 622.4.5, Anchoring. The coconets shall not be stretched.

622.4.7 Installation / Placing of Cocologs

When necessary, cocologs shall be used in conjunction with coconets installation to

reduce long slopes and as major stopper of downward movement of soil as rainwater carries them
downslope.

622.4.7.1 At Topmost Berm

The cocologs shall be installed at least 50 cm from the edge of the slope, above the
coconets. At least 1/2 the diameter of the cocologs shall be embedded.

622.4.7.2 Along the Slope

It shall be placed across and at the middle of the slope on contour and shall be pegged to
the ground with bamboo and live kakawate stakes. For slopes with loose soil, the cocologs shall
be installed on trenches. The trench shall be deep enough to accommodate embedment of at least
1/2 the diameter of the cocologs in order to effectively dissipate runoff energy. Contour interval
shall be a maximum of 7 m depending on the steepness of the slope and the erodibility of the
soil. The last cocolog shall be cut to the desired area dimensions. The loose and opposite twines
of the cut cocolog shall be tied and locked with knots.

622.4.8 Placing of the Cocopeat as Soil Conditioner or Growing Medium and CH-W Grade Coir
as Cover.

Prior to the installation of coconets, cocopeat shall be spread evenly on the slope to at
least 10 mm thickness then raked and thumped. Thereafter, CH-W grade coir as classified in
PNS/BAFPS74:2009 ICS65.080 shall be spread evenly at least 5 mm to cover the coco peat
applied. The use of cocopeat shall ensure appropriate soil moisture and nutrient supply to stabilize
the root system of the vegetation while the CH-Wcoir cover holds the cocopeat in place or prevent
cocopeat to be dislodged. This is called the "triple armor" method of bioengineering which is
most appropriate for an effective slope stabilization and erosion control.

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622.4.9 Vegetation

Vegetation is necessary to stabilize slopes where applicable:

1. Slopes with common and compacted soil

Vetiver grass (Vetiveriazizanoides) shall be planted on the slopes of common and

compacted soil at a minimum of 6 slips per square meter combined with peanut grass
(Arachispentoi) at 8 cuttings per square meter.

2. Slopes with Hard Rock

Leguminous/cover crops such as kudzu (Puerariasp), calopogonium

(Calopogoniummucunoides) and centrosema (Centrosemapubescens) shall be
planted on rocky/hard soil in combination with vetiver grass planted on the coco logs
at a minimum of 3 slips per linear meter.

622.4.10 Performance Monitoring

Post project monitoring shall include checking on any breaks of the installed coconets
especially at the point of junctions, the growth of grasses and the manifestation of any failure of
germination of plants and the sudden outburst of rain that might have inflicted damaged to some
sections. Repair works shall be done on damaged sections of the slope and replacement of all
plants shall be done in case of mortality within the warranty period.

Watering, weeding and fertilization may be done subject to the discretion of the
Contractor’s bio-engineer or plant specialist. Maintenance activities shall be terminated upon the
recommendation and certification of the bio-engineer and the approval of the DPWH after the
warranty period.

622.5 Certification

The manufacturer shall file with the purchaser a certificate stating the name of the
manufacturer, the composition of the coconet as bio-engineering materials and other pertinent
information so as to fully describe the coir materials. The manufacturer shall include in the
certificate a guarantee stating that the bio-engineering materials that are furnished meet the
required Specifications. The certificate shall be attested by a person having legal authority to bind
the company. Either mismarking or misinterpretation by the manufacturer shall be a reason to
discontinue acceptance under these Specifications. The discontinuance of acceptance will be
considered to be notice to all wholesalers, jobbers, distributors, agents and other intermediates
handling the manufacturer's product.

622.6 Method of Measurement

The area to be paid for under this Item shall be the number of square meter (m2) of
coconet, linear meter for cocolog, square meter (m2) of live vetiver grass hedgerow and square
meter (m2) of effective vegetative growth for grass cover, installed / placed and accepted into the
completed project.

622.7 Basis of Payment

The accepted quantity, measured as prescribed in Section 622.6, Method of Measurement

shall be paid based on the contract unit price for bio-engineering technology. Such price and

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payment shall consist of the full compensation for the site preparation, supply of all materials
installed, all installation, labor, maintenance of vegetation, equipment, tools and incidental costs
necessary to complete the Item.

Payment will be under:

Pay Item Number Description Unit of Measurement

622 (1) Bio-engineering Solution - Coco Square Meter

Geonet

622 (1) a Bio-engineering Solution – Vegetation Square Meter

HANDTOOLS
Brand new handtools will be turned-over by the Contractor/s during completion of the
Rehabilitation and Improvement of Caridad to Kansi Farm-to-Market Road for the
Operation and Maintenance of the subproject. These hand tools will be considered as indirect
cost and not as pay item of the subproject.

1. Shovel (9 units) – Heavy duty, lightweight, one-piece shovel scoop ideal for
material handling and industrial applications. (3 units per barangay)
Key Specifications/Special Features:
• Steel blade and heat treated
• D‐shaped PP handle
• Total size: 41-3/4inches
• Cubic feet: 1.78feet
• Length: 38inches

2. Wheel Barrow (3 units) – 10.5kg. Wheel Barrow with 78LWater Capacity and 5cbf
Sand Capacity. (1 unit per barangay)
Key Specifications/Special Features:
• Load:160kg
• Weight:10.5kg
• Water capacity: 78L
• Sand capacity:5cbf
• Wheel: 13 x 3 inches

3. Brush / Grass Cutter (3 units) – 43cc Gasoline Brush Cutter, used for cutting Shrub
and Grass with Metal Blade. (1 unit per barangay)
Key Specifications/Special Features:
• Engine: two-stroke, air-cooled single cylinder
• Displacement: 43cc
• Maximum power:1.64kW/7,500rpm
• Fuel tank capacity:1,000mL
• Working shaft length:1,650mm
• Mass without cutter and empty tanks:7.5kg

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 • Cutter type: mental blade
• Diversified blade cutter and belt can be chosen
• EPA emission configuration is available
• GS/CE approvals
• Anti-vibration, fast-idle control
• Fully adjustable, automatic chain oiling pump
• Adjustable open handle

4. Rake (6 units) – Steel lawn rake with Steel Handle and PVC Grip. (2 units per
barangay)
Key Specifications/Special Features:
• Steel blade
• Heat treated
• Aluminum handle with PVC grip
• Total size: 69-1/2inches

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 Section VII. Drawings

Please follow the link below for Plans/Drawings:

bit.ly/PRDP-SU_DED-PLANS-DRAWING_TUBURAN-CEBU-FMR

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 Section VIII. Bill of Quantities

Please follow the link below for downloadable and editable Bill of Quantities:

https://tinyurl.com/BOQofCaridadKansiFMR

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 Section IX. Bidding Forms

Please follow the link below for downloadable and editable templates:

https://bit.ly/SectionIX-BiddingForms

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