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Introduced in 1939, Batman was an immediate
sensation, quickly taking the cover spot of
DETECTIVE COMICS and gaining ‘his own title
within a year. Since then, he has been featured
in countless other series and titles, appearing
on well over 2000 comic covers since that time.
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DC Comics
1700 Broadway
New York, NY 10019
Beet
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APPROV
Introduction BY TH
CORAL
con
10
The Dark Knight
34
You Never Forget Your First Time
Reflections by Neil Gaiman
36
Fearsome Foes
72
Creating the Covers in the Golden Age
A chat with Jerry Robinson
74
Welcome to Fun City
85
The Dynamic Duo
102
Batman by Design
126
The Cover Logo
An examination by Rian Hughes
128
Death Traps
150
Guilty
156
Creating the Covers in the. Silver Age
Recollections by Neal Adams
pencil
“over
Jim
by
Lee
art
158
The Batman Family ©
rya
“\m~ 4/6 Bats
a
186
Creating the Covers Today
A chat with Bob Schreck
188
Bizarre Batman
195
Secrets of the Batcave
206
Batman Covers Around the World
208
A Death in the Family
220
Assembling the Covers
222
Milestones
VZ4 230
+ t’ World’s Finest
gui | The
338 Greatest Cover?
SZ | Alex Ross, Chip Kidd and Mark Hamill choose
At eat ee
sepeebery
The cover isthe most important visual aspect of a comic book. If among the countless other titles on the shelf the image
doesn’t entice you to pick it up, then the story goes unread. The cover can make an impact through the use of the
character, its story elements, the design/composition, its:color and even the placement of the logo.
Since 1939, Batman (his friends, family. and foes) has appeared on over 2000 comic book covers. The Dark Knight,
as you
- will see on the following pages, has brought out the very best in artists for over 60 years. Choosing “the uspalivvies
of
these covers is a daunting smnenge:
)
To narrow down the choices, it was decided that each cover had to actually feature Batman and}not just.
a of his
extended family. As,the covers were reviewed, aciutlojed and debated, they started falling into several
categories, which
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were then applied to organize the book. Countless hours were spent looking in the company’s Print Library and many
other sources, to find those that gave a thrill, a chill or stood out from the rest.
To provide another perspective, the challenge was opened to people who wrote or drew some of these adventures, or in
some cases, helped bring these characters to life. Their choices often, but not always, dovetailed with those already
selected. It was telling that four of the contributors all chose the same cover.
Turn the page and see for yourself the engaging, exciting and entertaining images that have delighted readers for decades.
It is always hard to define the “Greatest” with so many powerful covers to choose from, and the book could easily have
been twice as long. Let the debate begin.
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148 BATMAN Cover to Cover
1987 1976
Along with writer Frank Miller, David depicted the first adventures of
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) NEIL GAIMAN 34 BATMAN Cover to Cover
I’ve almost never written Batman, but he’s what drew me into comics. | was six years old and
my father mentioned that, in America, there was a Batman TV series. I asked what this was,
and was told it was a series about a man who fought crime while dressed as a bat. My only expe-
rience of bats at this point was cricket bats, and I wondered how someone could convincingly
dress as one of those. A year later the series began to be shown on English TV, and I was caught,
as firmly and as effectively as if someone had put a hook through my cheek.
I bought — with my own pocket money — the paperback reprints of old Batman comics: two
black and white panels to a page of Lew Sayre Schwartz and Dick Sprang, Batman fighting the
Joker, the Riddler, the Penguin and Catwoman (who had to share a book). I made my father
buy me Smash/, a weekly British comic that reprinted what I now suspect must have been an
American Batman daily newspaper strip as its cover feature. I was once thrown out of our local
newsagents — literally picked up by the proprietor and deposited on the sidewalk — for spend-
ing too much time examining each and every one of the pile of fifty American comics, in order
to decide which Batman product would receive the benison of my shilling. (“No, wait!” I said,
as they dragged me out. “I’ve decided!” but it was already too late.)
What got me every time were the covers. DC’s editors were masters of the art of creating
covers that proposed questions to mysteries that appeared to be insoluble. Why was Batman
imprisoned in a giant red metal bat, from which not even Green Lantern could save him?
Would Robin die at dawn? Was Superman really faster than the Flash? The stories tended to be
disappointments, in their way — the question’s sizzle was always tastier than the answer’s steak.
You never forget your first time. In my case, the first time Batman cover artist was Carmine
Infantino, whose graceful lines, filled with a sly wit and ease, were a comfortable stepping-off
point for a child besotted by the TV series. Text-heavy covers, all about relationships — Batman
being tugged between two people: look at the first appearance of Poison Ivy (will she ruin
Batman and Robin’s exclusive friendship? Of course not. Why did I even worry about such
trifles?) looking here as if she’s just escaped from the label ofa tin of sweet corn. Batman thinks
she’s cute. Robin’s not impressed. That was what I needed as a kid from a Batman cover.
Bright colors. Reassurance.
While humans tend to be conservative, sticking with what they like, children are utterly
conservative: they want things as they were last week, which is the way the world has always
been. The first time I saw Neal Adams’s art in The Brave and the Bold (1 think it was a story
called “...But Bork Can Hurt You”) I read it, but was unsure of whether or not I liked it:
panels at odd angles, nighttime colors in strange shades of blue, and a Batman who wasn’t
7.
SWAMP
1973,
Infantino
THING
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Murphy
Wrightson
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quite the Batman I knew. He was thinner and odder and wrong.
Still, when I saw Adams’s cover for “The Demon of Gothos Mansion” (Batman #227-see page
238), I knew that this was something special, and something righf, and that the world had
changed forever. Gothic literature tends to feature heroines, often in their night-dresses,
running away from big old houses which always have, for reasons never adequately explained,
one solitary light on in a top floor room. Often the ladies run while holding candelabras. Here
we have instead a dodgy-looking evil squire running after our heroine, between what look sus-
piciously like two wolves. The spectral, Robin-less, Batman is not swinging from anything.
Instead he is a grey presence, hovering over the image: this tale is indeed a gothic, it tells us,
and Batman is a gothic hero, or at least a gothic creature. I may only have been eleven, but I
could tell gothic at a glance. (Although I wouldn’t have known that the cover that Adams was
intentionally echoing, Defective Comics #31, was also part of the gothic tradition — an evil
villain called The Monk reminds the reader of Matthew “Monk” Lewis’s novel The Monk, and,
as I learned a couple of years later, when the story was reprinted in a 100-Page Super
35 You Never Forget Your First Time
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versa; it’s been a long time since I read it. I do
remember that Batman opened the Monk’s coffin
at the end, and, using his gun — the only time I
remember him using a gun — shot the becoffined
Monk with a silver bullet, thus permanently
confusing me as to the Monk’s werewolfish or
vampiric nature).
FEARSOME
36
FOES
Batman #189
1967
Joe Giella
Page 39:
Batman #50
1949
Bob Kane
(figures only),
Lew Sayre Schwartz
(Pencils) &
BATMAN DEC...JAN.
No.50 TEN CENTS
A 52 PAGE
MAGAZINE
pecialf
ONCE AGAIN
BAIMAN
and ROBIN
BATTLE THE MOST
BIZARRE VILLAIN
OF ALL TIME
treoo
40 BATMAN Cover to Cover
Demons
2003
Art by Bruce Timm
Best Reprint
41 Fearsome Foes
BOY COMMANDOS i. °°) 2 I drew my covers for Detective Comics and Batman between
1941 and 1947, the early days of what is now known as the
Golden Age. It was a time when comic books were
proliferating — new titles every month, each competing for
attention at the neighborhood candy stores and newsstands.
MADCAP MENACE GRIPS The covers barely contained their screaming logos featuring all
GOTHAM CITY WHEN
Batman:
1998 TY “4
Batman #42
1947
Art by Jack Burnley &
Charles Paris
43 Fearsome Foes
AUG...SE?T.
TEN CENTS
A 52 PAGE
MAGAZINE
44 BATMAN Cover to Cover
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DIRECT
Knight #111
1998
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Vo WHEN THEY CLASH WITH
Batman #251 THE MOST BIZARRE VILLAIN
OF_ALL TIME IN...
1973
MY LUCKY COIN “the CRIMES
Art by Neal Adams WILL DECIDE YOUR
FATE / IF IT LANDS ON ™~
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of TWO-FACE!"
THE GOOO SIDE, YOU'LL
LIVE! \F ON THE SCARRED
SIDE, YOU DIE L
Batman #68
1952
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APPROVED §
BY THE
[ COMICS
CODE
FEB.
NO, 169
SO LONG, FRIENDS!
I’M OFF ON A
JOY-RIDE TO
FEATHER MY
CRIME -NEST
WITH THIS
JEWELED
METEORITE !
‘PARTNERS
Batman #169
inPLUNDER!
1965
Joe Giella
47 Fearsome Foes
1997
Art by Graham Nolan &
Karl Story
48 BATMAN Cover to Cover
ISSUE n|?ae :
SMASH Ts: anders
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1970
Art by Neal Adams
49 Fearsome Foes
1986 1989
Art by Alan Davis & Paul Neary Art by Brian Bolland
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Page 55:
Batman #121
1959
Art by Curt Swan &
Stan Kaye
Introduced here as
series.
1974 1947
Art by Jim Aparo Art by Win Mortimer
;
THE STRANGEST TEAM-UP IN HISTORY
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Te
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STAY BACK!
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55 Fearsome Foes
FEB BY THE
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59 Fearsome Foes
1992
Art by Joe Quesada & Kevin Nowlan
60 BATMAN Cover to Cover
Page 60:
This was it — my first super-hero
Limited Collectors’ Edition C-37
comic. But it wasn’t the first I read. In
1975
fact, I didn’t read it for years. I just kept
Art by Jim Aparo
it hidden. Why? Look at the cover. I was
a kid. Anda wuss. It scared the hell out
of me. The Joker’s haunting eyes. Twin
fish (with that same look in their eyes)
being used as guns. And they were wear-
ing lipstick. To be honest, this thing
should’ve put me in therapy. Instead, it’s
where my addiction was born. Most boys
want baseball cards. I just wanted more
: eae 35° comics. And Count Chokula.
S
Brad Meltzer is the best-selling author
BATM:
Ba’,
AN of five thrillers as well as the co-creator
of the WB television series Jack & Bobby.
For comics, he has written the critically
acclaimed Green Arrow: Archer’s Quest
and the best-selling miniseries Identity
Crisis.
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62 BATMAN Cover to Cover
1977 2002
Art by Marshall Rogers & Terry Austin Art by Bob Smith & Terry Beatty
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Batman #234
1971
Batman #171
1965
Art by Carmine Infantino & Joe Giella
(newsstand edition)
1994
Art by Bruce Timm
64 BATMAN Cover to Cover
We dare you
to accept this
challenge!
CAN You
OUTGUESS
AND NAME... e
Detective Comics
#168
1951
Art by
Lew Sayre
Schwartz &
Charles Paris
Fearsome Foes
-Wo
toring PowINDI w SMit#
AN LAWMAN
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O'CLOCK! TIME FOR
ANOTHER DOUWGLE -
CR/ME TRIUMPH FOR
TWO-FACE AS 1
WIPE OUT SO7H
OF you!
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Detective Comics
#187
1952
Art by
Win Mortimer
66 BATMAN Cover to Cover
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By THE
Page 66:
1954
Art by Win Mortimer
Batman #497
1993
Art by Kelley Jones
most monumental
successful novel by
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2001
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Art by Dave Johnson
69 Fearsome Foes
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Scott Williams
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74 Fearsome Foes
Batman #11
When working with Bob Kane, how were the cover chores done?
When I first joined the Batman of [Bob] Kane and [Bill] Finger, Bob did the pencil roughs and I would
do the finishes and inking (and for some time, the lettering). Bob worked in his apartment and I
worked in my own space a few blocks away. We would get together almost daily and several times a
week with Bill to discuss ideas. Bob would deliver the finished art to DC. When George Roussos joined
us, he would ink most of the backgrounds.
Later, when Bill and I worked directly for DC, Bill worked with Jack Schiff and Mort Weisinger and I
worked with my editor, Whit Ellsworth. Then I was able to do many of the covers myself — layout,
complete pencils and inks, which needless to say, I much preferred. Sometimes, when there was time,
I would also do the color.
Whit Ellsworth didn’t usually require sketches. Generally I would describe to Whit my idea for a cover
or perhaps do rough layout for the design. Sometimes on deadline, Whit wouldn’t see the art until it
was complete. I worked next to Whit so he was able at times to make suggestions during the process.
I enjoyed working with Whit. I guess mostly because if he had confidence in you, he let you do your
own thing.
As Batman became increasingly popular, we quickly had to go from one thirteen-page story and cover
a month to adding the Batman quarterly of four stories and a cover. Soon after, World’s Finest required
another story and a cover on which I often collaborated
with Fred Ray, a great Superman cover artist. We enjoyed
working together, developing the ideas. At one time our
desks were literally adjoining one another. The covers
combined Batman, Robin and Superman and we pencilled
and inked our respective characters. During World War II,
Whit suggested some of the patriotic covers.
I think they were both a challenge. I preferred a symbolic rather than a literal interpretation.
Remember, this was the beginning of the comic book genre so one of my objectives was to round out
the persona of Batman and Robin and establish the menacing, bizarre nature of the Joker character,
and exploit the concept of the super-villain.
It was easier to focus on one character, Batman, before Robin was introduced. On the other hand, it
made for a more dramatic situation with the two of them, such as Detective #70 (see page 41). That
image of the bathysphere didn’t appear in any story. However, it was in the news. I think Jacques
Cousteau used one in his deep sea explorations. I liked its unique shape and worked out a dramatic and
suspenseful situation in an exotic setting. Among the villains, the Joker was of course my favorite.
Later, the Penguin, an intriguing character, was fun to do.
Did you get feedback from DC in terms of which covers seemed to help sell titles?
I can’t recall. Batman was so growing in popularity I don’t think any issue was disappointing in sales.
I think we all knew a great cover regardless of sales.
A wonderful man, Raymond Perry, did most of the color at the time. He was a well-known illustrator
in his heyday. He seemed quite advanced in years to a teenager like me, although he was probably in
his 50s. I was always in awe of him and always called him
Mr. Perry. It was sad that he was reduced to coloring comics in
NEW WINNER: e his declining years. He did beautiful, thoughtful coloring. We
BOY COMMANDOS a)
as frequently walked home together after work. We lived just a few
blocks from each other. I learned a lot from him. When I want-
ed some special color scheme on a story, I would discuss it with
a eC C J‘ve him. He always got just the right effect. Occasionally, ifI had
time, I liked to do the color myself. We used Dr. Martin dyes on
a silver print reproduction of the art, a surface that was able to
absorb the dye. From there the color separations were done by
the engraver.
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own interpretation.
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disobeying orders.
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98 BATMAN Cover to Cover
1971
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definitive depictions of
BATMAN FEB...MAR.
No.27 TEN CENTS
Batman #27
1945
Art by Jack Burnley
400 BATMAN Cover to Cover
1949 2001
Art by Jim Mooney & Win Mortimer Art by Ty Templeton
Robin had his own solo feature for This cover is an homage to
did make the occasional guest stories from the late 1940s
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2002
John McCrea
106 BATMAN Cover to Cover
107 Batman by Design BRIAN BOLLAND
I was recently riding on a bus from Heathrow Airport in London and I got to talking to a
young lady sitting next to me. She was a Russian from Moscow studying English and Russian
literature in Cambridge University. She wanted to know what I did for a living. “I’m a
cartoonist,” I said. She was attractive and very bright and I wanted to impress her. Later we
exchanged emails. She’d visited my website and she told me that while she could appreciate
the skill that probably goes into what I did, wasn’t the subject matter all just macho violence
and ultimately quite harmful to children? As yet I haven’t thought up a reply that might
convince her, or me, that she’s wrong. When I'm not in the company of people who are into
comics, which is most of the time, I'm not absolutely certain that the medium I work in isn’t
just a lot of worthless vulgar tat.
So here I am looking at a bit of comic art that I’ve chosen and I’m trying to think what,
exactly, it is that gave my heart a jolt when I first saw it, and what it is about any bit of comic
art that makes me believe that this stuff is more than just worthless tat. I chose a Batman
cover by an artist who, as far as I can remember, only did the one.
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From an early age I always thought there was something special about Alex Toth. His work
popped up sporadically, so my liking for it didn’t come as a result of a liking for any
particular character. There was something in the drawing. The sardonic face of Eclipso. The
interestingly different but very well observed poses of the Flash and the Atom as they faced
the “Challenge of the Expanding World.” “The Case of the Curious Classic” in Hot Wheels.
The ingenious use of black and white and the daring compositions in his work for Warren
magazines. The brilliant Bravo for Adventure. His career, like that of many of the great
artists, has been a taster for what might have been. Just when we might have thought Alex’s
contribution was over, along comes his cover for Batman Black & White #4. It’s minimal
even by the standards of an artist who people consider to be the ultimate minimalist. People
have summed up Alex Toth’s work by calling it “simple,” but to me the fact that he has pared
his work down to the bone means he doesn’t have the luxury of disguising weak and poorly
thought out work behind the veneer of flashy but seductive inky noodlings, the way many of
the rest of us do it. If you don't know Alex’s work, this cover may look like not very much at
all. If you do, you'll see in it echoes of all the great work he’s ever done.
When people hear what I do for a living they often assume I’m really interested in whether
the Hulk could knock Superman through a wall or whether the new super-hero movie is
better than the last one. Well, I’m not! I’m interested in lines drawn beautifully on paper. In
the interplay of black and white and gray, in the expressive depiction of human anatomy and
movement and character, in the pleasure I get from looking at the work of an artist who is
infinitely superior to me, and Alex Toth’s cover has me believing that he is an artist working
at the very pinnacle of his field and that comics are a medium into which great talent is
poured...and are, dare [|say it, deserving of the word “Art.”
As to whether comics are violent and harmful to children. Well, look at me. I’ve been
reading comics all my life and I’m about the least violent person I know, so I think they’re
probably perfectly harmless...and I'll kill anyone who says otherwise!!
Brian Bolland gained fame in America for the series Camelot 3000 and Batman: The Killing
Joke in addition to his 350+ covers for the company.
108 BATMAN Cover to Cover
FIT
Sea
Batman #8
1942
Art by
Jerry Robinson
109 Batman by Design
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The way the image POPPED from the
Dark
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there was a darkness surrounding the Aq
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figure. This would lead off the rest of
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coming out of the black.
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Jeph Loeb has been working on the WB's
Smallville series as both writer and
JEPH LOEB Supervising Producer. His Batman
TIM SALE
projects with artists Tim Sale and
Jim Lee have been best-selling events.
ora
422 BATMAN Cover to Cover
OCT...NOU
TEN CENTS
123. Batman by Design
PX
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1978
Batman #196
1968
1966
Page 122:
Batman #31
1945
Art by Dick Sprang
124 BATMAN Cover to Cover
Birt
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CS
ADVENTURES
that I would become the Caped Crusader
or THE BATMAN himself in Batman the Movie and in our
ano ROBIN, classic television series. Is this not a
THE BOY WONDER!
wonderful world? As an actor, Batman
really became my signature role, and |
5 R eo
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ates am grateful for it. There are few actors
ls
(20)
Cn ey ———— Ze who get a chance to create a classic char-
acter. I salute DC for the opportunities
and the inspiration they have given me
with their magnificent creation. It has
been an ongoing pleasure and a
challenge to have given Batman flesh
and blood and my own unique interpre-
tation. Thank you, DC.
1
The original logo remained relatively unchanged for over one hundred
and fifty issues.
1A
The “ears” became shorter, the jaw more angular, but the idiosyncratic
thick-thin stroke stresses on the “A’s, the reverse of the typographic
norm, remained unchanged.
2
Even in the comic’s camp era that preceded the Adam West TV show,
first aired on January 12, 1966 on ABC, Batman retains an air of
menace and mystery, here clenching his cape to cover his face.
3
The original typographic quirk had been ironed out when the traditional
logo returned with issue 215, for which the designer has obviously
referenced and updated the original version.
4
Only around issue 220 does he lose his composure for a moment — this
Batman looks more perplexed than vengeful. The type has been shaped
to fit inside the bat shape for the first time, possibly inspired by the TV
show’s version of the logo. This encapsulation presents an interesting
design problem in the curving of the right upright of the “N” and the left
upright of the “B.”
5
Later, Robin briefly graduates to team billing on the early ’70s run.
“With” and “The Teen Wonder” provide the anonymous designer with a diffi-
cult problem in balance and symmetry, which is not entirely elegantly resolved.
6
With a bat shape resembling the original in many respects, albeit with
sharper points to the cape and curls on the top of the wings, the ’70s
logo first introduced on issue 241 and lasting until issue 403 was initially
outlined square block capitals. Like the original logo, these burst out of
the confines of the silhouette and would feature in the logo in a chunkier
and squatter fashion for several years and iterations to come.
7
By the time we arrive in 1987 and Frank Miller’s “Year One” storyline, BY
FRANK MILLER
D
Batman’s face has been appropriately blacked out — in fact the logo MAZZUCCHELLI
would remain this way until features were reintroduced in 2003. YEAR ONE PART 1
8
The later ’80s versions of the logo moved towards a simpler, elegant, ser-
ifed and less illustrative graphic approach, and for a while the bat shape
disappeared from the background entirely. However, it was soon back.
9
With the release of the Batman movies beginning in 1989 and through
the 1990s, the lettering was again redesigned, this time to tie in to the
publicity and marketing surrounding the films.
10
For the new century, Chip Kidd, designer of Batman Collected,
simplified the design to a spaced heavy gothic sans serif.
11
The current logo takes it full circle back to the illustrative roots of the
original — this version is probably the most complex interpretation yet,
well-suited to Jim Lee’s intricate art style. Batman, face in darkest
shadow, again glowers from behind the type as he did on that first issue
in 1940.
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Art by
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130 BATMAN Coverto Cover
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1968
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1964
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1954
Art by Dick Sprang &
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1969 1972
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148 BATMAN Cover to Cover
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Comic book covers had a vastly different reason for being in the ’60s and early 70s.
A majority of comic book sales was to the newsstand. There was no Diamond Previews catalogue or
grapevine. No one knew what was “coming out next month,” except for the ads or mentions in this month’s
issue.
The cover was the only sales force. In fact, store owners looked with some small anger at a teenager who
“flipped” through the books before buying. So you could buy a book with a Neal Adams cover and discover
later that there was no Neal Adams art on the inside. Fans didn’t like this much, but often, thank goodness,
they'd buy the book just to get the cover.
Personally, I recently bought two years of Wonder Woman just to get the Adam Hughes covers. I’m sure
you know what I mean.
Anyway, DC could count on another ten percent of sales if I did the cover, so they were happy to load me This is Neal’s first
down with covers. In fact, it was a natural fit. I think of a cover artist as a problem solver. It was never the Batman cover, inking
job of the cover artist, as I saw it, to simply draw a pretty picture. They surely didn’t need me for that. over Carmine Infantino’s
pencils.
I’m the kind of person who likes to communicate on many levels. I like to intrigue the reader, stimulate the
reader, awe the reader or even present a mystery to the reader. As far
as the art is concerned, again, I’d like to mystify, ask a question,
essentially make people think by using art.
In fact, good covers, I believe, are not necessarily the best drawn,
but the best thought out. Anyway, that’s my philosophy. That and
two bucks will get you a bus ride.
Carmine would only ask me to use his layout if I agreed it sold the | Bo lata
message or idea best. And I didn’t make it easy for him. HIT HIM BACK!
BEFORE HE
KILLS You!
His ideas were and are always simple and direct and were classically
designed. It’s hard to argue with those values.
Even so, 85% of the covers were my designs for many reasons.
Often, Carmine was too busy to contribute, or half the time he liked
what I came in with and finally, I’d talk him out of some idea or
other in the course of our back and forth.
Carmine was not slow to recognize good ideas. And his true ego was
always strong enough to be generous. I’d like to think his respect for
my work was part of his generosity, but either way we worked well
together.
For me, also, covers were a time to experiment. Most folks at old DC
didn’t know what the hell I was up to anyway, until some fan wrote in.
J remember one day when Murray Boltinoff, editor of many of the books I worked on, excitedly showed me
a letter from a fan who was particularly excited about the covers I was doing on the mystery books: House
of Mystery, House of Secrets and Tales of the Unexpected. Murray was literally taken by the letter. It seems
this teenager, an art student, I think, would buy 10 copies of each mystery book I did the covers for. He
would cut the covers off and tack them up on his bulletin board in his room and he would lie on his bed
and stare at them. He wrote the letter because some of the covers, as he stared at them, became three-
dimensional and he wondered if I was using some new technology.
Murray thought the kid might’ve been on drugs, until I explained that certain colors’ wavelength is greater
than others, and so those colors jump forward (red and yellow) while some colors lie back (blue and blue
gray) and if you design your drawing just right, they not only seem three-dimensional, but to the eye they
actually are three-dimensional.
Neal Adams was the first of a new generation of artists to help DC evolve its look and approach to comics
storytelling. At first, he was used on covers for a wide variety of titles before adding stories to his
workload. His collaborations with writer Denny O'Neil helped usher in a new look for Batman as interest
in the pop art television series waned.
159 «The Batman Family
160 BATMAN Cover to Cover
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Batman #615
a
Scott Williams
161. The Batman Family
1999 1979
Art by Bob Smith & Terry Beatty Art by Ross Andru & Dick Giordano
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LAST ISSUE OF
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165 The Batman Family
2
ir
BAIGIRGS
GET OVER HERE--
HELP US! WE'VE GOTA
PROBLEM!
I HAVE A
BIGGER ONE--
ARUN IN MY
TIGHTS!
1968
Murphy Anderson
166 BATMAN Cover to Cover
GORDON--
IL ALWAYS
KNEW YOL! WERE
1972
Artby Neal Adams
167 The Batman Family
Bites reget
a APPROVED}
“LOOK! OUR ~
NEW BAT-HOUND
RECOGNIZES THE
meal BAT-S/GNAL--THERE
HE GOES, READY
me FOR ACTION /
Batman #92
1955
Art by
Win Mortimer
Cartoon Network’s
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Art by Fred Ray
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2000
A Meme
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Waite BY JOHN OSTRANDER
AND PHILIP BOND
SNGLES
vS
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NYO
170 BATMAN Cover to Cover
1998
as Nightwing, only
occasionally partnering
APPROVED
From the very first cover I was asked to
do by Max Gaines and Sheldon Mayer
{
AUTHORITY (All-American Comics) 1 have always
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173 The Batman Family
MAY 01
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2001
CAN
Art by Damion Scott &
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Robert Campanella
APPROVED
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COMICS
CODE
Cy &
AUTHORITY
NOV.
NO, 369
RIESE SH cep)
od &
: ss e ésF Nore serene.
1967
Art by Gil Kane &
Murphy Anderson
Page 175:
1956
Art by Sheldon Moldoff
175 The Batman Family
tective
YES, ROBIN --
THE MAN
) WEARING THAT
OLD-FASHIONED
BATMAN COSTUME
WAS MY FATHER !
FEATURING «
fon. THE
Fisk
BATMAN:
176 BATMAN Cover to Cover
tigiuMORE
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2000
1996
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Demon #1
1998
Bill Sienkiewicz
181 Bats
1997 2004
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Superman:
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Art by Jon Bogdanove &
Dennis Janke
of alternate realities to
confound Superman.
In today’s cluttered comic shop, what elements must a cover have to get noticed?
It’s tough, and getting more challenging every day. Any given cover must strive to make you stop and
pay attention. By shocking you, by making you ask what it means, by making you pause due to its stark,
quiet atmosphere, by making you laugh. Whatever it takes, your goal is to stop the buyer in their tracks
and make them interested in your book. Every cover should have at least three elements brought
together into the one image. These can include the character(s), of course, a setting, a predicament, an
iconic juxtaposition (such as the Riddler’s question mark), cover copy, a setting and/or the complete
lack of any background setting whatsoever, and so on.
Yes, however we have been keeping both the newsstand and direct sales markets in mind for years now,
thanks to Mark Chiarello, DC’s Editorial Art Director. I believe DC has a good eye to keeping both
markets satisfied.
2
q
I am personally totally bored with the cover copy 0
a)
concept and feel it is a highly overrated holdover <= ny
ES iv)
7)
from our past. A well-orchestrated piece of cover art 0)
>
and the book’s logo should be enough to pull you in. ie}
N
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61941'20005
1)
However, DC’s policy is that we continue this prac- SAL
DIRECT
tice, and so cover copy appears on many of the Bat titles. accomics.comg
Which covers during your editorial tenure worked best?
TECTIVE
SANE hd A, Batman #631, the concluding cover to “War Games Act 1” comes to
mind. There’s Batman #584 by Scott McDaniel and Detective Comics
#798, the opening chapter to “Act 2.” Beyond the Bat Family of covers,
COREL 8. I’m also very proud of Green Lantern #154 and Green Arrow #18 and 19.
I work closely with Mark Chiarello, and we look for talent that can boil
down the many concepts that go into any given story (sometimes con-
flicting ones at that). An artist who can bring it all together and into one
unified visual image that stimulates one’s imagination and begs you to
want to know more. It’s rare that an interior artist is chosen. This has
less to do with time sensitivity and more to do with the artists’ mindset
to do both, excellent visual storytelling from panel-to-panel and also be
able to translate all those images into one iconic moment. Just as there
are so few successful writer/artists in the field.
ACT Two
PART 1 OF & 3
What about the increasing importance of color? What does
that bring to a cover?
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Color is also a major contributing factor towards bringing a cover alive.
ll 19412
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your cover stand out in an ocean of other colorful covers on the racks. It
can also bring the consumer’s eye to the exact moment on the cover
needed to make your story’s point in one single visual moment.
Bob Schreck is currently Group Editor for the Batman family of titles.
BRUBAKER > MCDANIEL
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APPROVED ¥
BY THE y
COMICS ]
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AUTHORITY
G-GET BACK,
EVERYBODY!
BATMAN HAS
BECOME A
MENACE! |}
Detective Comics
#275
1960
Art by
Sheldon Moldoff
190 BATMAN Cover to Cover
arenoveo
ALL NEW STORIES
ccopes
AUTHORITY
YOU CAN'T
DEFEAT ME,
BATMAN, BECAUSE
I KNOW HOW YOU
THINK-- OUR MINDS
ARE EXACTLY
ALIKE!
1957
Art by Sheldon Moldoff
COMICS
THE EARTHMEN, BATMAN
AND ROBIN, ARE NOW ALSO
UNDER THE CONTROL OF THE a,
ALIENS WHO HAVE TAKEN
OVER MY PLANET /
1958
1953 1965
Art by Win Mortimer Art by Carmine Infantino & Joe Giella
BATMAN
and ROSES
BATTLE THE APE
WITH A HUMAN
BRAIN-- WHEN
thé KINGof -
the CONGO
BECOMES
THIS UP...
192 BATMAN Cover to Cover
DeOWN
MURPHY BROWN
UNWIND
iz
CRASH
DRIVER'S EL
193 Bizarre Batman
With all the great covers spoofing Batman that MAD Magazine has published over the years, it’s difficult for me, the editor of
MAD, to pick a favorite.
I could pick the cover of MAD #105, Sept. ’66. It’s a classic send-up of the 1960’s Batman TV series by longtime MAD cover artist
6361
68z7#
GVW
Norman Mingo. Not only is it the first time a TV series was spoofed on the cover of MAD, it also marked the first time (but cer-
tainly not the last) MAD’s infamous gap-toothed mascot, Alfred E. Neuman, was substituted for a real person, in this case, actor
Burt Ward’s Robin. It’s a great cover, but I’m not picking it.
Another great choice would be the cover of MAD #359, July 97, which featured the movie Batman & Robin. It would also be a
clever choice because MAD #359 was actually four different covers by artist Mort Drucker, each featuring a different Alfred sub-
stitution of a character from the Batman movie. (I told you we tend to do too many Alfred substitution gags!) When you placed
the four covers together, the words “Cheap Gimmick” appeared in the center — MAD’s way of spoofing all the multiple covers
being done at the time by some cheesy magazines (READ: 7V Guide) in an effort to boost newsstand sales. (If MAD’s newsstand
sales happened to be boosted as well, hey, who were we to argue...?) It’s another great cover, but I’m not picking this one either.
No, if I had to pick only one MAD Batman cover, it would have to be MAD #289, Sept. 89. But in order for you to understand
why, you'll first need to know a little MAD history.
MAD was founded by the legendary Bill Gaines, who was the magazine’s publisher from its beginning in 1952 until his death in
1992. Gaines was something of a rascal, who delighted in taunting MAD’s editorial staff with bets, cons and practical jokes.
When Nick Meglin and I took over as co-editors of MAD in 1985, Gaines made us an offer. For every issue of MAD that we pro-
duced that sold over 50% of the magazine’s print run, Gaines would take us out to dinner at the restaurant of our choice in New
York City. If the magazine sold over 60%, Gaines would take us to the restaurant of our choice anywhere in the world. Now,
Meglin and I enjoy a good meal as much as the next guy, particularly when Gaines was paying for it, so it was an effective carrot
to dangle in front of us. Every month we worked our butts off trying to produce a great-selling issue. Try as we might, the 50%
sell-through proved very difficult, and the 60% damn near impossible.
Then along came the first Batman movie. Huge buzz. Jack Nicholson as the Joker, great special effects, the highly anticipated
movie quickly became a box office smash. Meglin and I managed to have a spoof of the movie out just as the film debuted.
The cover featured a Richard Williams painting of an idea by Meglin. It featured — surprise’ — yet another Alfred substitution,
but with a twist. Not only was Batman replaced by Alfred, but the Batman bat symbol was replaced with the Superman “S”
symbol. It was a nice, stupid MAD idea. Most readers just saw the Alfred substitution at first glance. The Superman twist snuck
up on them a few seconds later. With our initial sales reports encouraging, Meglin and I quickly became convinced that we were
finally going to hit the 60% sell-through. This cover would be the one that would have us eating foie gras in Paris on
Gaines’s dime. Sweet!
Of course, Gaines didn’t get to be rich on his looks. Unbeknownst to Meglin and me, Gaines had quietly upped the print run on
the Batman issue by several hundred thousand copies. In other words, short of just about every man, woman and child in America
going out and buying that issue of MAD, there was no way it would ever crack the 60% barrier. The sly old fox had stuck it to
us again.
In the end, the Batman cover sold very well and broke 50%. Gaines, true to his word, treated Meglin, Lenny Brenner (MAD’s art
director at the time) and me to a dinner at one of New York’s finest restaurants, Gotham Bar and Grill. The meal was fabulous
and expensive, though we never had Paris. To this day, whenever I look at that Batman cover, I can’t help but think of my old pal
Bill Gaines, MAD’s curmudgeon publisher, who always seemed to be one step ahead of us.
John Ficarra is Senior Editor of MAD Magazine and has been poking fun at society for over 20 years. His mother still wishes
he'd find respectable work.
194 BATMAN Cover to Cover
, APPROWED
BY THE
COAICS
CODE
. AUTHORITY |
YOU SUMMON i.
ME, O MASTER!
I AM YOURSTO |
COMMAND !
GREAT SCOTT,
BAT-G/RL /
BATMAN ISA
PRISONER OF THE
LARKO LAMP--AT
THE BECK AND
CALL OF THOSE
CRIMINALS!
Ai if fy
Wil MY waa)
{ \ YY |
\ Wy
Tif
1963
Art by Sheldon Moldoff
reese
t
a
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eres Teh be, -
,re ¥ tee i
ga en
* i ak, xf
at a" i <a cots ob? Sie
+gadgets and. a
a
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196 BATMAN Cover to Cover
0)
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te
Detective Comics #711 U
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1997 o
a)
Art by Graham Nolan &
Tom Palmer
197. Secrets of the Batcave
1986
Dick Giordano
198 BATMAN Cover to Cover
Page 199:
Batman #59
1950
Art by Bob Kane
(figures only)
(pencils) &
Charles Paris
(inks)
1944 1950
ephlae OEC...JAN. E; V aL “a a 1
0. TEN CENTS GOONS Sn Bia Ht
‘wow: Shalt i Inpian Lawman
FOUR BIG V |
BATMAN & ROBIN Ve
ACTION STORIES! | @ @2C | BATMAN |
ROBIN
~ Fy, a
NO.I5S6 of AD] 50
FES. i J Ae
TUBES | |
“
32 BIG PAGES
- LOOK, ROBIN--
THE BAT-SIGNAL
ON THE MOON /
"WE'RE WANTED
BACK ON EARTH!
200 BATMAN Cover to Cover
BATMAN AUG...SEPT.
Mo. 48 TEN CENTS
201 Secrets of the Batcave
TO GIVE CLOUDY.
EFFECT AMO CON- ~~
CEAL TAKEOFF Ti
} Vacs
si
LIE ze
Page 200:
Batman #48
1948
Batman #203
1968
Page 203:
1957
Art by Sheldon Moldoff
Pow-Wow Smitn
INDIAN LAWMAN
203. Secrets of the Batcave
APPROVED
JUNE NO. 244 BY THE
tra_._A
4
— \/ BazmMan, wi ale S
Pouce) ( YOU'RE NOT ~~ of BATMA
Raant, |” GOING TO USE
BATARANGX,
ARE YOU 2
WE'VE GOT TO,
ROBIN-- EVEN
THOUGH IT'S THE
MOST DANGEROUS
SEEINNG- EYE aay ONE IN OUR
EDLARANG | COLLECTION ,/
BOMB -
| BATARANG .
“FLASH BULB
204 BATMAN Cover to Cover
BATMAN OCT...NOU.
No.37 TEN CENTS
Batman #37
1946
Cpesiel
et
PERIL-PACKED
INSIDE STORY OF
oni
a
Batman #47
1948
Charles Paris
205 Secrets of the Batcave
LAST LOOK,
ALFRED--
THEN SEAL
UP THE
BATCAVE..
FOREVER
Batman #217
1969
Art by Neal Adams
A JusTicA
Lichc DA
=)Li
DC comics can be found in
70 countries around the world,
with stories translated into
over 30 languages. As a result,
Batman has become one of the
top five characters recognized
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209 A Death in the Family
Batman #244
1972
< THERE'S NEVER BEEN A STORY LIKE THIS! THERE NEVER WILL. |A?2R0veD
BeANOTHER: “Thé STRANGE DEATH of BATMAN,” comics
, AUTHORITY
— s J
NOT REVEAL
DO RISE
” THE SURP ENDING
OF THIS STORY TO YOUOR |
FRIENDS! THEY'LLWANTT
GET: THE SAME KICK OUT
Detective Comics #347
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1971
Art by Neal Adams
213. A Death in the Family
SHE DID
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NO MAN
COULD EVER
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1976
cm
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1995
Art by Bret Blevins
215 A Death in the Family
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216 BATMAN Cover to Cover
WHEN I DECIDE
(ROBIN MUST
DIE-- 4.
BATMAN
DIED ,
\
1977
MAY HE
Batman #291
1977
Art by Jim Aparo
Batman #232
1971
Batman #586
2001
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219 =A Death in the Family
BATMAN
Jim staRLIN - JIm apaRo - mike DecaRLO
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Batman:
1988
to his death.
For the first six decades, comic book covers were essentially assembled in the same way, using
artwork, photostats, lettering and color to create an image that would encourage people to pick
up and ultimately buy the comic. What follows is a look at how those covers were produced for
much of Batman’s lifetime and then a look at today’s more streamlined methods.
Usually the editor selects a cover artist. Sometimes the story artist is better at storytelling than
the single image necessary to make a cover work. Or the artist is behind schedule. When the
interior artist is not used, the editor tends to select an artist whose name might help attract fans
or is exceptional at the imagery required for cover art.
The editor and artist discuss the story and the artist produces several sketches, usually at comic
A
yetowts book size, roughly indicating figures and detail, leaving room for things like the DC bullet, price
information, UPC box and logo. The editor selects the best image and sets the artist to work.
The process from initial sketch to printed cover can take as long as six months since covers are
used to help market the comics to retailers at the time orders are placed. The digital cover illus-
tration, bottom right, was sketched in February, and the finished comic went on sale June, 2003.
GRANT
BBEYFOGLE
MITCHELL
1
Comic book artwork is produced one and a half times larger than the printed page, allowing for
sreater detail. In many cases, two artists are involved, someone to pencil the images and some-
one else to use indelible ink to finish the art. As in this case, though, Norm Breyfogle produced
the art on his own. The editor places a sheet of tissue paper over the art and indicates where the
various required elements are to be placed, including copy. Once the cover is turned over to
Production, they assign a letterer to create the copy. Photostat copies of the logo, Comics Code
seal and price information are made and a production artist begins adding the elements, some-
times directly onto the artwork and sometimes as a separate layer as is the case here.
2
A comic book sized photocopy of the completed cover is made and sent to a color artist who
works with colored dyes, similar to watercolors. Sometimes the editor or the artists have
specific color notes, which are passed on, otherwise, the color artist makes his own choices.
The guide is reviewed by the editor and then approved, or marked with corrections.
3
The original art and color guide are sent to a color separation facility. Most of DC’s comics were
separated in either Connecticut or New Jersey. The cover was photographed and nine copies
were printed on acetate. Each copy represented a color: one black, three each for magenta, cyan
and yellow. The comics were actually produced using 25, 50 and 100 percent values for the three
colors, plus black, to create the color. Staff artists would use opaque paint on each acetate to
indicate the areas that would be required to achieve the desired color. For example, Batman’s
uniform would be 25% magenta, cyan and yellow. The finished acetates are photographed and
sions
combined to produce four overlays, one for each color, and that proof is reviewed by the editor.
B Suddenly, there
; uo diflere
Fae an m0l
Each of the four colors of film is
of each layer.
4
Each piece of color film is then used to produce a corresponding metal printing plate at the
printer. Each plate is curved to fit a giant roller, which is run through a reservoir of color ink
and then pressed against paper coming from a roll taller than most people. The roll of paper is
at one end of the printing press and the inked image is pressed by each color plate in rapid
succession. The paper then travels through a heat stage, setting the ink.
5
The corrected proof is returned to the separator who makes corrections and then produces four
pieces of film, again one for each color. The film is then sent to the printer and the cover is
printed on a glossy stock, usually heavier in feel than the interior paper, and is then bound on
top of the comic book with pieces of metal that, when snipped, resemble staples. The edges are
then trimmed and the finished comics boxed and shipped to newsstands around the country.
6
For Detective Comics, Tim Sale provided several sketches, and this one was selected by
editor Bob Schreck.
7
Just as before, the finished artwork was produced following the sketch.
Today, though, the original art is scanned and turned into a digital file. The file is then sent elec-
tronically to the color artist, in this case, Mark Chiarello. Using digital painting software (usually
Adobe Photoshop), the color artist digitally paints the artwork. The file is saved in jpeg (com-
pressed) format and dropped into a waiting folder on DC’s network. The editor is then able to first
check the color on screen, with a final proof printed and routed for various departmental approvals.
9 Suddenly, there i we
nodifference belweet
Once the final color is approved, a final high-resolution file is then used by an artist in our
Pre-Press Services department. The artist will use Quark XPress to digitally add what has
traditionally been done by hand. Our Lettering department provides the copy and that, along
GRANT
with price box, logo, DC bullet and other elements, is placed on what is effectively a digital BREVFOGLE
MITENELL
transparent layer, leaving the artwork itself untouched. Once the final proof is approved, it is
digitally transmitted to our printer in Canada. The printing, binding and shipping process
remains the same.
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223 Milestones
64 MAY, 1939
_ PAGES 7a
Detective
ACTION!
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1939
Art by Bob Kane
Robinson
Batman #100
1956
Batman #200
1968
Batman #300
1978
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226 BATMAN Cover to Cover
227. Milestones PAUL LEVITZ
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228 BATMAN Cover to Cover
Batman #400
1986
Batman #500
1993
Art by Kelley Jones
Batman #600
2003
ANIGHTFALL
PART ONE
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SPECIAL
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1964
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1964
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232 BATMAN Cover to Cover
Superman/Batman #3
2003
Art by Ed McGuinness &
Dexter Vines
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233. World’s Finest
2000 2002
Art by Howard Porter & Drew Geraci Art by J.G. Jones
$3.50
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234 BATMAN Coverto Cover
THE SUPER-CHAMPIONS OF
THREE WORLDS
FACE A
Justice League of
America #136
1976
Jack Abel
235 World’s Finest
1967
George Klein
236 BATMAN Cover to Cover
Page 237:
Superman #76
1952
Art by Win Mortimer
adventures in
2004 1964
Art by Doug Mahnke & Tom Nguyen Art by Curt Swan & George Klein
In the heat of battle, Batman and Wonder Woman kissed, leading them
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BATMAN, THE WORLD'S GREATEST
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THIS 15 A JOB FOR
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238 BATMAN Cover to Cover
To diehard comic book fans I realize that this choice is hardly original — for those of us who
treasure most the image of Batman as he appeared in his first year this is practically the Uncle
Sam “I Want You” poster, both in familiarity and effect. But it remains my favorite because it
has the elements that make this first era of the character the best: Ears that are really horns and
fearsomely veering toward satanic proportions. The cape as folded wings that are just about to
spring open to their full span and go in for the swoop. The surreality of Batman as backdrop. I
even love that his belt buckle is ridiculously high on his chest — it gives the drawing a naive
element that both disarms and charms. This és “The Bat-Man.” ;
Chip Kidd is an award-winning book designer and novelist. His affection tor Batman is also
seen in Batman Collected.
> rr Si Wi) Wi Wi
The giant spectral vision of a heroic protagonist superimposed behind a city landscape or
above their enemies was common to pulp magazine cover illustration,
I
I
especially of Batman’s predecessor, the Shadow. Ultimately this was
among the first design-driven covers for comics, concentrating more
on the graphic impact of selling this new demon-eared good guy while
still putting attention on the story.
Neal Adams emerged in the late ’60s as the creative force that returned
the “Dark Knight”’s darkness to him. Nowhere was the link to this
historic legacy made more clearly than in the cover to Batman
issue 227, where Neal showed his dedication to the roots of the grim
approach to Batman.
Since the more menacing look to the character has dominated the
thirty-some years since this issue came out, it’s important to note that
the visual here marks the close of a different era. When Batman was
given his colorful partner Robin in 1940, the grim, black-clad avenger
Batman softened up considerably for the three decades that followed,
topped off eventually by the campy television show interpretation of
the late sixties.
Neal Adams helped lead the character and the book back to the roots
of his intended design. Also, rendering this image with a radical
multi-media use of watercolor and ink would speak towards the future
graphic possibilities to come. Neal staked his claim on Batman like no
one else, redirecting him for all artists thereafter. This one cover’s
lineage showed that, moreover, Neal knew what Batman needed
rekindled within him, as well as giving him the respect he deserved.
239 The Greatest Cover?
MARK HAMILL
Detective
but
a few.
Contributoa ctudas:
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