MCKV Institute of Engineering

Question Bank
Paper Name: BIOLOGY
Paper Code: BS-BIO301

The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.

Section A (MCQ)
1. The basic principle of flying is based on
(a) Coriolis principle
(b)First law of thermodynamics
(c) Bernoulli’s principle
(d)Torricelli’s principle
2. Which of these works differently as compared to the camera?
(a) Pupil (b) Iris (c) Focal length of lens (d) Choroid
3. Which part of the aeroplane is responsible for changing flying height?
(a) Wing flaps
(b)Nose
(c) Engine
(d)Tail
4. Which is the largest organ in human body?
(a) Liver
(b)Brain
(c) Lungs
(d)None of the above
5. Which of the following is not an example of Brownian motion?
(a) Movement of dust in a room
(b)Diffusion of calcium through bones
(c) Solution of salt in water
(d)Diffusion of SPM in air
6. Which of these do not use the principles of thermodynamics?
(a) Air conditioner
(b)Thermometer
(c) Conversion of ATP into ADP
(d)Magnetic compass
7. Which of these does not use Newton’s third law of motion?
(a) Walking
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 (b) Swimming
(c) Driving
(d) Burning
8. Airplane get lift when it flies based on
(a) Schrodinger’s wave equation
(b) Bernoulli’s principle
(c) Archimede’s principles
(d) Newton’s laws of motion
9. In aircraft, propulsion causes according to
(a) Bernoulli’s principle
(b) Newton’s 1st law of motion
(c) Newton’s 2nd law of motion
(d) Newton’s 3rd law of motion
10.Which of the following refer to a domain?
(a) Yeast
(b) Bacteria
(c) Algae
(d) Eukarya
11.Five kingdom system of classification suggested by R.H. Whittaker is not based on:
(a) presence or absence of a well-defined nucleus
(b) mode of reproduction
(c) mode of nutrition
(d) complexity of body organization
12.Pick up the wrong statement:
(a) Nuclear membrane is present in Monera,
(b) Cell wall is absent in Animalia
(c) Protista has photosynthetic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition
(d) Some fungi are edible.
13.Enzyme is a
(a) Inhibitor, (b) substrate (c) catalyst, (d) product
14.Enzyme activity depends on
(a) pressure, (b) substrate concentration, (c) light, (d) activation energy
15.Enzyme is made up of
(a) protein, (b) inorganic molecule, (c) organic molecule, (d) all of these
16.In enzyme inhibition
(a) substrate is degraded, (b) enzyme is activated,
(c) shape of the substrate is changed, (d) enzyme activity is lowered.
17.Enzyme has a high specificity towards
a) product, b) enzyme substrate complex, c) inhibitors, d) substrate.
18.Enzyme-driven metabolic pathways can be made more efficient by
(a) concentrating enzymes within specific cellular compartments
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 (b) grouping enzymes into free floating, multienzyme complexes
(c) fixing enzymes into membranes so that they are adjacent to each other
(d) all of the above
19.Which of the following statements about enzymes or their function is true?
(a) Enzymes do not alter the overall change in free energy for a reaction
(b) Enzymes are proteins whose three-dimensional form is key to their function
(c) Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering activation energy
(d) all of the above
20.In the enzyme-catalyzed reaction shown below, what will be the effect on substances A, B, C,
and D of inactivating the enzyme labeled E2?
A ---(E1)---> B ---(E2)---> C ---(E3)--->D
(a) A, B, C, and D will all still be produced
(b) A, B, and C will still be produced, but not D
(c) A and B will still be produced, but not C or D
(d) A will still be produced, but not B, C, or D
21.Increase in temperature results
(a) higher enzyme activity
(b) lower enzyme activity
(c) increasing enzyme activity upto optimum temperature
(d) degradation of enzyme
22.Lipase is responsible for
(a) protein metabolism, (b) sugar metabolism,
(c) fat metabolism, (d) nucleic acid metabolism
23.Immunology is the study of
(a) Disease causing agents (b) Defence mechanism of the body
(c) Symbiotic bacteria (d) None of the above.
24.Biology is the study of
(a) Living organisms
(b) Interaction between living and non-living things
(c) Evolution
(d) All of these
25.Who is called “the father of immunology”?
(a) Edward Jenner
(b) Leeuwenhoek
(c) Alexander Flemming
(d) Robert Hook
26.Smallest carbohydrates are trioses. Which of the following is a triose?
(a) Glyceraldehyde
(b) Glucose
(c) Ribose
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 (d) Glucuronic acid
27.In oligosaccharide, monosaccharides are joined by
(a) Ionic bond
(b) Peptide bond
(c) Glycosidic bond
(d) None of these
28.In lactose, the linkage between monosaccharides is
(a) β -1,4 glycosidic bond
(b) β -1,6 glycosidic bond
(c) α -1,4 linkage
(d) α -1,6 linkage
29.Lactose is a disaccharide which is made up of
(a) Glucose and glucose
(b) Glucose and galactose
(c) Glucose and fructose
(d) Glucose and ribose
30.The polysaccharide found in bacterial cell wall is
(a) Chondroitin sulphate
(b) Chitin
(c) Inulin
(d) Peptidogycan
31.The most abundant RNA in cell is
(a) rRNA
(b) tRNA
(c) mRNA
(d) tRNA threonine
32.Koshland’s Theory of Enzyme Action is
(a) Lock and Key hypothesis
(b) Induced Fit Theory
(c) Enhanced Fit Theory
(d) Jigsaw Puzzle Theory
33.Which of the following statements regarding enzyme inhibition is correct?
(a) Competitive inhibition is seen when a substrate competes with an enzyme for binding to an
inhibitor protein.
(b) Non-competitive inhibitors often bind to the enzymes irreversibly
(c) Competitive inhibition is seen when the substrate and the inhibitor compete for the active site
of the enzyme.
(d) Non-competitive inhibition of an enzyme can be overcome by adding large amount of
substrate.
34.Which of the following is not a pyrimidine?
(a) Uracil
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 (b) Thymine
(c) Guanine
(d) Cytosine
35.Hydrolysis of starch occurs with the help of
(a) Peptidase
(b) Amylase
(c) Sucrose
(d) Lipase
36.With reference to enzymes, which of the following statements is true?
(a) Apoenzyme = Holoenzyme + Coenzyme
(b) Holoenzyme = Apoenzyme + Coenzyme
(c) Coenzyme = Apoenzyme + Holoenzyme
(d) Holoenzyme = Coenzyme – Apoenzyme
37.Which of the following is not an essential amino acid?
(a) Leucine
(b) Isoleucine
(c) Lysine
(d) Glycine
38.Which of the following are sulfur containing amino acids?
(a) Cysteine and Methionine
(b) Cysteine and Serine
(c) Methionine and Threonine
(d) Glutamine and Serine
39.What functional group contributes to the positive charge to an amino acid in the zwitterions
form?
(a) Amino group
(b) Carboxyl group
(c) R group
(d) Hydroxyl group
40.Which of the following is a heteroglycan?
(a) Glycogen
(b) Inulin
(c) Pectin
(d) Chitin
41.The first amino acid of any polypeptide chain in eukaryotes is
(a) Leucine
(b) Methionine
(c) Valine
(d) Glutamic acid
42.Which of the following amino acids has to be supplemented in the diet?
(a) Asparagine
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 (b) Arginine
(c) Glycine
(d) Lysine
43.Identify the substances having a glycosidic bond and peptide bond, respectively in their
structure:
(a) Glycerol, trypsin
(b) Cellulose, lecithine
(c) Inulin, insulin
(d) Chitin, cholesterol
44.Which of the following reaction is catalysed by lyase?
(a) Breaking of bonds
(b) Formation of bonds
(c) Intramolecular rearrangement of bonds
(d) Transfer of group
45.In human body the optimum temperature for enzymatic activities is
(a) 80˚C
(b) 30˚C
(c) 37˚C
(d) 50˚C
46.The catabolic pathway is
(a) Exergonic
(b) Endergonic
(c) Endothermic
(d) None of these
47.Which of the following is a tricarboxylic acid?
(a) Acetic acid
(b) Succinic acid
(c) Citric acid
(d) Oxaloacetic acid
48.What is the net gain of ATP during the conversion of glucose to pyruvate?
(a) 2 ATP
(b) 6 ATP
(c) 1 ATP + 1 GTP
(d) 4 ATP
49.Changes in enthalpy in an exothermic reaction is
(a) Positive
(b) Negative
(c) Constant
(d) Neutral
50.A measure of the degree of disorder of a system is known as
(a) Enthalpy
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 (b) Isotropy
(c) Entropy
(d) None of these.
51.In a reaction, if the value of Gibbs free energy is greater than zero, what does it infer?
(a) K is greater than 1
(b) K is less than 1
(c) K =1
(d) None of these.
52.When is a reaction nonspontaneous?
(a) Gibbs free energy is positive
(b) Gibbs free energy is negative
(c) Gibbs free energy is zero
(d) Does not depend on Gibbs free energy.
53.What is glycolysis?
(a) Utilization of glucose
(b) Synthesis of glucose
(c) Synthesis of glycogen
(d) Breakdown of glycogen
54.Which of the following is not formed during the Krebs cycle?
(a) Lactate
(b) Isocitrate
(c) Citrate
(d) Fumarate
55.H2 donor during photosynthesis is
(a) ATP
(b) NADP
(c) NADPH
(d) NADH
56.In compound microscopy, total magnification is obtained by-
(a) Magnifying power of the objective lens
(b) Magnifying power of eyepiece
(c) Magnifying power of condenser lens
(d) Magnifying power of both objective lens and eye piece.
57.Which part of light microscope controls the intensity of light entering the viewing area?
(a) Coarse adjustment screw
(b) Fine adjustment screw
(c) Diaphragm
(d) Condenser lens
58.When rod shaped bacteria appears in pairs, is known as?
(a) Streptobacilli
(b) Diplococcus
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 (c) Diplobacilli
(d) Staphylococcus
59.Sterilization is
(a) Process of growing microbes in laboratory
(b) Process for preparation of antibiotics
(c) Removing of all the microorganisms from a substance
(d) Fragmentation of big particles
60.Blood agar is used for the cultivation of
(a) Mosquitoes
(b) Fastidious organisms
(c) Red algae
(d) None of these
61.Agar media can be enriched with blood for the identification of
(a) Bacteria which can grow in anaerobic conditions
(b) Bacteria which can cause hemolysis
(c) Viruses
(d) None of these
62.Which of the following is/are the example of enriched media?
(a) Chocolate agar
(b) SPS agar
(c) Both A and B
(d) Crystal violate agar
63.Which of the following is suitable for use on tissues for microbial control to prevent infection?
(a) Disinfectant
(b) Antiseptic
(c) Sterilant
(d) Water
64.The portion of the growth curve where rapid growth of bacteria is observed is known as
(a) Lag phase
(b) Logarithmic phase
(c) Stationary phase
(d) Death phase
65.In which of the following phase secondary metabolites are produced during growth?
(a) Lag phase
(b) Exponential phase
(c) Stationary phase
(d) Decline phase
66. Which of the following is not a pyrimidine base?
(a) Uracil (b) Cytosine (c) Guanine (d) Thymine
67. Sucrose is made up of _____.

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 (a) Two glucose molecules
(b) One glucose and one fructose molecules
(c) One fructose and one mannose molecules
(d) One mannose and one glucose molecules
68. Which of the following biomolecules have phosphodiester bonds?
(a) Disaccharides (b) Fatty acids (c) Nucleic acids (d) Polypeptides
69. Which one of the following bases is found in RNA only?
(a) Uracil (b) Cytosine (c) Guanine (d) Thymine
70. Amino acid sequences are considered to be _____ structures of proteins.
(a) Primary (b) Secondary (c) Tertiery (d) Quaternary
71. The type of sugar present in nucleotides is _____.
(a) Triose (b) Tetrose (c) Pentose (d) Hexose
72. Which of the following is an example of Homopolysaccharide?
(a) Hyaluronic acid (b) Starch (c) Pectin (d) Heparin
73. Which one of the following is not a stop codon?
(a) UAA (b) UAG (c) UGG (d) UGA
74. Which one is not a component of the core histone?
(a) H1 (b) H2A and H2B (c) H3 (d) H4
75.What is the correct path of genetic information transfer in the central dogma?
(a) DNA Protein RNA (b) Protein RNA DNA
(c) RNA Protein DNA (d) DNA RNA Protein
76. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the genetic code?
(a) Universal (b) Triplet (c) Overlapping(d) Degenerate
77. Which amino acid is coded by the start codon?
(a) Valine (b) Lysine (c) Methionine (d) Proline
78. Which one of the following amino acids does not contain any aromatic ring in its structure?
(a) Tryptophan (b) Alanine (c) Phenylalanine (d) Tyrosine
79. What is the protein part of an enzyme called?
(a) Holoenzyme (b) Coenzyme (c) Apoenzyme (d) Cofactor
80. An enzyme catalyzed reaction can be monitored by directly measuring the rate of _______
(a) Product formation (b) Enzyme-substrate complex formation
(c) Enzyme-product complex formation(d) None of the above
81. Which one of the following is an example of a protein having hormonal functions?
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 (a) Haemoglobin (b) Actin (c) Insulin (d) Keratin
82. Which step of the central dogma can be comparable to the final execution of running of a
program?
(a) Replication (b) Transcription
(c) Reverse-transcription (d) Translation
83. How many nucleotides are there in each codon?
(a) Two (b) Three
(c) Four (d) None of the above
84. A coiled peptide chain held in place by hydrogen bonding between peptide bonds in the
same chain is?
(a) Primary structure (b) α-helix
(c) β-pleated sheets (d) Tertiary structure
85. β-pleated sheets are the examples of _________
(a) Primary structure (b) Secondary structure
(c) Tertiary structure (d) Quaternary structure
86. Smallest taxon of classification is _______.
(a) Kingdom (b) Family (c) Variety (d) Species
87. In which of the following kingdom are Archaea and Nitrogen-fixing organisms classified?
(a) Animalia (b) Plantae (c) Monera (d) Fungi
88. Bentham and Hooker gave which system of classification?
(a) Numerical (b) Phylogenetic (c) Artificial (d) Natural
89. What is the main basis of classification in the five-kingdom system?
(a) Structure of the nucleus (b) Structure of cell wall
(c) Asexual Reproduction (d) Mode of Nutrition
90. Which of the following statements is false about the fungi?
(a) They are eukaryotes (b) They are heterotrophs
(c) They possess a purely cellulosic cell wall (d) None of the above
91. African Sleeping Sickness is caused by _______.
(a) Trypanozoma cruzi (b) T. Tangela
(c) T. rhodesiense (d) T. gambiense
92. Linnaeus evolved a system of nomenclature called _______.
(a) Vernacular (b) Monomial (c) Polynomial (d) Binomial
93. What is a taxon?

Page 10 of 2
(a) A group of related families (b) A type of living organisms
(c) A group of related species (d) A group of any ranking
94. Phylogenetic classification is based on _______.
(a) Overall similarities (b) Habit of plants
(c) Common evolutionary descendants (d) All of these
95. The protists have which of the following?
(a) Free nucleic acid aggregates
(b) Nucleoprotein in direct contact with the rest of the cell substance
(c) Membrane-bound nucleoproteins within the cytoplasm
(d) Nucleoproteins condensed together in a loose mass
96. Genes of Tobacco Mosaic Virus are _______.
(a) Double-stranded RNA (b) Single-stranded RNA
(c) Double-stranded DNA (d) Proteinaceous
97. Blue-green algae belong to which group?
(a) Protista (b) Prokaryotes (c) Fungi (d) Bryophytes
98. Who wrote the book “Genera Plantarum”?
(a) Bessey (b) Benthem and Hooker
(c) Linnaeus (d) Hutchinson
99. How many phenotypes can occur in the human blood group ABO with alleles IA IB is?
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 1
100. The geometrical device that helps to find out all the possible combinations of male and
female gametes is known as
(a) Bateson Square (b) Mendel Square
(c) Punnett Square (d) Mendel’s Cube
101. Which term represents a pair of contrasting characters?
(a) Heterozygous (b) Homozygous
(c) Codominant genes (d) Allelomorphs
102. 9:7 ratio in the F2 generation represents
(a) Incomplete dominance (b) Co-dominance
(c) Epistasis (d) Complementary interaction
103. A small amount of lethal mutation is always present in the population due to
(a) Positive selection (b) Negative selection
(c) Frequency-dependent selection (d) Mutation-selection balance
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104. If a plant with genotype AaBb is self-fertilized, the probability of getting AABB genotype will
be (A and B are not linked)
(a) ½ (b) ¼ (c) (d) 1/16
105. Alleles are
(a) Alternate forms of genes (b) Linked genes
(c) Chromosomes that have crossed over (d) Homologous chromosomes
106. When the activity of one gene is suppressed by the activity of a non-allelic gene, it is known
as
(a) Pseudo-dominance (b) Hypostasis
(c) Epistasis (d) Incomplete dominance
107. Sickle cell anemia is
(a) Sex-linked recessive disorder (b) Autosomal dominant disorder
(c) Autosomal recessive disorder (d) Sex-linked dominant disorder
108. An exception to Mendel’s law is
(a) Independent assortment (b) Linkage
(c) Dominance (d) Purity of gametes
109. Pea plants were used in Mendel’s experiments because
(a) They were cheap (b) They had contrasting characters
(c) They were available easily (d) All of the above
110. The smallest unit of genetic material which produces a phenotypic effect on mutation is
(a) Muton (b) Gene (c) Recon (d) Nucleic acid
111. The tendency of an offspring to resemble its parent is known as
(a) Variation (b) Heredity (c) Resemblance (d) Inheritance
112. The genotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross is
(a) 1:2:1 (b) 3:1 (c) 2:1:1 (d) 9:3:3:1
113. The crossing of F1 to either of the parents is known as
(a) Test cross (b) Back cross (c) F1 cross (d) All of the above
114. Which of the following statements is true regarding the “law of segregation”?
(a) Law of segregation is the law of purity of genes
(b) Alleles separate from each other during gametogenesis
(c) Segregation of factors is due to the segregation of chromosomes during meiosis
(d) All of the above
115. Homozygosity and heterozygosity of an individual can be determined by

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(a) Back cross (b) Self-fertilization (c) Test cross (d) All of the above
116.Which of the following is an example of ‘Autosomal recessive disorder’
a)Colour blindness b)Haemophilia c)Thalassemia d)None of these
117.Which of the following is an example of Sex-linked recessive disorder?
a)Colour blindness b)Haemophilia c)Thalassemia d)both a and b
118.Mention the phenotypic ratio of ‘Incomplete dominance’
(a)9:3:3:1 (b)1:2:1 (c) 1:2:2:4:1:2:1:2:1 (d)3:1
119.Which of the following is an example of ‘Autosomal chromosomal recessive disorder
(a)Thalassemia (b)Haemophilia (c)Colour blindness (d)both b & c
120.Dark phase of photosynthesis occurs during___?
(a)Night (b)Day (c)Both day and night (d)None of theses
121.Which of the following enzyme acts as scissor during ‘DNA replication’
(a)Ligase (b)DNA polymerase (c)Helicase (d)RNA primer
122.Which one of the following is an example of ‘Moist sterilization
(a)Autoclave (b)Centrifuge (c)Spectrophotometer (d)Both a & b
123. ‘Which bond present in between Phosphate backbone and ribose sugar of DNA
(a)Glycosidic bond (b)Phosphoester (c)Phosphodiester (d)Peptide bond
124.Which of the following RNA look alike ‘Clover leaf’ structure?
(a)m-RNA (b)r-RNA (c)h-RNA (d)t-RNA
125.Which of the following is the end product of Glycolysis process
(a)Acetyl CoA (b)Pyruvate (c)Oxaloacetic acid (d)None of these
126.Mitosis occurs in
(a)Male gamete (b)Pollen (c)Female gamete (d)Somatic cell
(i) Revolution of the Earth causes
a) Day and night b) Tides c) Change of Season d) All of these
(ii) The time when the Sun is overhead on any meridian is called
a) Standard time b) Local time c) Greennich mean time d) None of these
(iii) When air becomes cold, air pressure
a) Increases b) Decreases c) Remains same d) Flactuates
(iv) The plateau that is called the “root of the world is”
a) The Pamir plateau b) The Anatolian plateau
c) The Arabian plateau d) The Decan plateau
…………………..

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 Section B (Short and Long answer type questions)

Module 1
2. Explain the situation if the Earth rotates from North to South instead of West to East.
[Module 1/CO1/Understand-IOCQ] 4
3.i) Define low pressure.
[Module 1/CO1/Remember-LOCQ] 2
ii) Explain the effect of it on the weather of a place.
[Module 1/CO1/Understand-IOCQ] 4
4. Write two measures for controlling water pollution at home.
[Module 1/CO1/Remember-LOCQ] 4
5. Polar regions have higher pressure than the equatorial regions, explain.
[Module 1/CO1/Understand-IOCQ] 5

Module 2
6. Discuss the causes of water pollution.
[Module 2/CO2/Remember-LOCQ] 4
7. Explain the effects of plateau to the life of people.
[Module 2/CO2/ Understand -IOCQ] 8
8. Explain the influence of river on the human life.
[Module 1/CO1/Understand-IOCQ] 6

Section B (Short answer type questions)

Module 1

1. (a) Write the name of the similar parts of the Birds and aircraft (b) What do you mean by
‘Biomimicry’ give an example?
[CO-1/remember, understand /LOCQ] [3+2]

2. Write the name of the similar parts of the human eye and camera. (b) What is the key
difference between human eye and camera?
[CO-1/understand/LOCQ] [3+2]
3. What basic principle of flying is used by birds? What is the need to study Biology?
[CO-1/understand/LOCQ] [3+2]
4. Give the similarities between the functioning of a camera and the human eye.
[CO-1/understand/LOCQ] [5]
5. Give the similarities between the functioning of a camera and the human eye. Why we need to
study biology?
[CO-1/understand/LOCQ] [3+2]
6.Define Biomimicry. Write do the role of Engineering in biological world.
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 (CO-1/Understand/LOCQ). [2+3]

Module 2
6. Who proposed the five-kingdom classification system? Mention the names of those five
kingdoms with an example for each. What was the main basis of this classification?
[CO-2/remember/LOCQ] [1+3+1]
7. Who is known as father of ‘Father of taxonomy’?Write down any two characteristics of Monera
and Fungi under the five kingdom classification system
[CO-2/remember /LOCQ/] [1+2+2]
8. Mention some basic differences between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell.Write about one
non-human mammalian model which has become extensively used in physiology
[CO-2/remember /LOCQ/] [2+3]

Module 3

9. What are the differences between Meiosis and Mitosis? Write down significance of ‘Cell
division.
[CO-3/remember, understand /LOCQ] [2+3]
10. What do mean by genotypes and phenotypes? Mention one exception to Mendel’s law.
[CO-3remember/LOCQ] [2+2+1]
11. What is epistasis? Define Allele. State the ‘Law of Independent assortment’
[2+1+2]
12. What are alleles? Write down the difference between dominant and recessive alleles.
[CO-3/remember/LOCQ] [2+3]
13. How can you distinguish between a gene, an allele and a chromosome?
[CO-3/remember/LOCQ] [5]
14. Define Allele. State the ‘Law of Independent assortment’. Why phenotypic and genotypic
ratio remain same for incomplete dominanace.
[CO-3remember/LOCQ] [1+2+2]

Module 4
15. What are carbohydrates? Classify them with suitable examples.
[CO-6/understand/LOCQ] [1+4=5]
16. Classify carbohydrates on the basis of their structure. What is glycosidic linkage?
Differentiate between homo and heteropolysaccharides. [2+1+2]
17. Mention the functions of protein and lipid
[CO-5/remember /LOCQ] [5]
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Module 5
18. What is an enzyme? Give an example. What are the functions of an enzyme?

[CO-5/remember /LOCQ] [2+1+2]

19.Mention the difference between “Lock and Key” and “Induced fit” hypothesis on enzyme
substrate binding. Define optimum temperature and optimum pH in enzymatic activity.
[CO-5/ remember, understand /LOCQ] [3+2]
20. What are the differences between catalytic site and active site? What is activation energy?
What is the nature of an enzyme?
[CO-5/remember /LOCQ] [2+2+1]
21. What are the different factors that affect enzyme activity? What is optimum pH in enzyme
activity? Define the linear form of the enzyme kinetics and mention the slope of the equation.
[CO-2/remember /LOCQ] [2+1+1+1]
22. Write down the importance of enzymes in biology.
[CO-5/remember /LOCQ] [5]
23. Define Km. Explain the effect of substrate concentration on enzyme activity.
[CO-5/remember /LOCQ] [1+4]
24. Explain the function of ligase and transferase along with its example.
[CO-4/explain /MOCQ] [5]
25. What are the different factors that affect the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reactions? How do
they affect the rate an enzyme catalyzed reactions? Explain with supporting graphical
representations.
[CO-5/analyze/MOCQ] [2+3]
26. Show the final form of Michalis-Menten’s equation and also mention the identities of each
term used in that equation. Write down the equation for the Lineweaver-Burk plot? Also
mention the slope of that equation.
[CO-5/analyze/MOCQ] [2+2+1]
27. Write down characteristics features of enzymes. [5]
.
Module 6
28. What is Central Dogma? Show the inter-relationship between the different components of
the Central Dogma with a proper diagram. What is reverse transcription?
[CO-6/remember/LOCQ] [1+3+1]
29. Compare the mechanism of information transfer in the human system with the running of a
program.

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 [CO-6/remember/LOCQ] [5]

30. Name 4 enzymes help in DNA replication process and mention their functions. What is the
location and function of t-RNA?
[CO-6/ remember, understand /LOCQ] [4+1]
31. Briefly explain about ‘Translation process’. Write down the polarity of DNA.
[CO-5 /MOCQ] [4+1]
Mention the functions and location of m-RNA,t-RNA and r-RNA [5]
Module 7
32.Write down different functions of proteins with an example for each of those functions.
[CO-4/remember/LOCQ] [5]
33. What are the three components of a nucleotide? Differentiate between a phosphodiester
bond and a peptide bond.
[CO-4/compare/LOCQ] [3+2]
34. Write down the difference between essential and non-essential amino acids. What is
prosthetic group? What is known as building block of protein?
[CO-4/remember/LOCQ] [3+1+1]
Module 8
35. Explain the first law of thermodynamics in biological systems. Give one biological example
each, for endothermic and exothermic reactions.
[CO-6/explain /MOCQ] [3+2=5]
36. Write a short note on ATP as energy currency.
[CO-6/understand/LOCQ] [5]
37. What is spontaneous reaction? Explain the relation of Keq with standard free energy.
[CO-6/explain /MOCQ] [2+3=5]
38. How do the first and second law of thermodynamics apply to a melting ice cube?
[CO-6/analyze/MOCQ] [5]
39. Define Glycolysis. Steps of Glycolysis
[CO-6/explain /Remember LOCQ] [1+4]

Module 9
40. What is microbiology? Define species. Write down the most defining character of living
organism.
[CO-2/remember /LOCQ] [1+1+3=5]

Page 17 of 2
41. Give two important uses of culture medium. What is synthetic and enriched media
[CO-6/compare /HOCQ] [3+2=5]
42. Write down the basic difference between ‘Lock and key and Induced Fit hypothesis’.

Section C (Long answer type questions)

Module 1

1. a) On the basis of flying techniques & mechanism, write down the difference between bird
and aircraft. [4]
b) (a) Illustrate the role of engineering in the field of Biology.
[CO-1/ understand /LOCQ] [4]
(b) Give an example of aquatic and terrestrial animal. [2]
(c)Define microbiology and biotechnology.Define Biomimicry
[CO-1/remember, understand /LOCQ] [2+2+1]

Module 2
2. a)Write down the characteristics features of the kingdom Plant and animalia.
b) Briefly explain one mammalian and non-mammalian model system organizer in field of
Biological world.
c)Write a features of one non-mammalian prokarotic and one eukaryotic model.
d) What do you mean by species [15]
(C0-2/Remember/LOCQ)

3. (a) What is taxonomy? (b) Name any two scientists who contributed to the field of plant
taxonomy. (c) What are the eight levels of taxonomy? (d) Mention some defining properties
of a living organism.
[CO-2/remember/LOCQ] [2+2+8+3]

Module 3
4. (a) Mention the seven distinguishing characters that Mendel considered while performing
the cross.Define incomplete dominance with proper example.Write down the genotypic
ratio of dihybrid cross.
[3+2+1]
(b) Mention the rationale behind choosing pea plants behind his experiments.
[2]
(c) Mention the importance of stem cell research [3]
(d) Write down the cause and and symptoms of Down’s syndrome and Klienfelter syndrome
[CO-3/remember/LOCQ] [2+2]

Page 18 of 2
5. (a) What were the four different seed characters considered by him while performing the di-
hybrid cross?
(b) What is the phenotypic ratio for a di-hybrid cross?
(c) How does the phenotypic and genotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross differ from the
phenotypic and genotypic ratio of a case of incomplete dominance?
[CO-3/apply/MOCQ] [8+4+3]
6. (a) What is the difference between a homozygous and a heterozygous species?
(b) What is linkage?
(c) Define mutation, recombination and complementation.
(d) What are autosomes and sex chromosomes?
(e) How many autosomes and sex chromosomes are there in the human system? Name one
autosomal and one sex-linked disorder.
[CO-3/ remember/LOCQ] [3+2+6+2+2]
7. (a) Write down the significance of crossing over. [3]
(b) Why do we not look exactly like our parents and siblings. [2]
(c) Define linkage. Why thalassemia is known as autosomal chromosal disorder. [1+2]
(d) Mention the importance of stem cell research. [5]

(e) Give an example of co-dominanace and incomplete dominance. [1+1]

[CO-3/ remember, understand /LOCQ]
8. (a) In light of genetics, briefly discuss the importance of stem-cell research.
(b) With proper diagram, briefly discuss Mendel’s di-hybrid cross experiment.
(c) Also provide the phenotypic ratio obtained from this experiment.
[CO-3/analyze/MOCQ] [3+10+2]
9. (a)A normal man married a women, and give birth to a colour-blind son. How is this
possible? Explain (3)
(b)Write down the significance of Crossing over. (2)
(c)Why all back cross is not considered as test cross? Explain. (2)
Write down difference between Incomplete and co-dominance. (2)
Write down the difference between mitosis and meiosis . (3)
Write down the cause of Down’s syndrome. Mention the chromosome type of Klinefelter
syndrome (3)
[CO-3/Remember/Understand/LOCQ]

Module 4 & 7

10.(a) Define lipid. Classify them with suitable examples.

(b) Classify fatty acids with suitable examples

Page 19 of 2
 (c) Give one example of steroids.
(d) Give the molecular formula of palmitic acid.
(e) Write down the function of lipids.
(f) What are the functions of nucleotide?
[CO-4/remember/LOCQ] [1+ 3+2+1+1+ 4+4]

11.(a) What are oligosaccharides?

(b) Explain the formation of maltose.
(c) What is chondroitin sulphate made of?
(d) What is conjugated protein?
(e) Give six examples of conjugated protein.
(f) Name the homoglycan which is important component of plant cell wall.
(g) How is a di-peptide formed?
[CO3,4/remember/LOCQ] [1+3+1+1+6+1+2]
12.(a) Mention the different enzymes involved in carbohydrate, protein, lipid and nucleic acid
metabolism. [4]
(b) In which metabolism chymotrypsin is needed. [1]
(c) What are the functions of glycogen, starch and chitin. [6]
(d) Differentiate between PUFA and MUFA. [2]
(e) What are alpha helix and beta sheet in protein structure.

[CO-4/ remember/LOCQ [CO-7/ remember/LOCQ] [2

Module 5
13.(a) What is the mode of action of an enzyme? What are the characteristics of an enzyme?
(b) Mention the different enzymes involved in carbohydrate, protein, lipid and nucleic acid
metabolism. In which metabolism chymotrypsin is needed.
(c) What is enzyme inhibition? Briefly explain.
[CO-5/remember/LOCQ] [(2.5+2.5)+(4+1)+5]
14.(a) What are the differences between competitive and noncompetitive inhibition? Explain
with a picture.
(b) Define enzyme kinetics. How Km determines the enzyme kinetics?
(c) Mention the Michaelis-Menten and Lineweaver Burk equation. Define the terms used in
the equation.
[CO-5/apply/MOCQ] [5+(2+3)+5]
15.(a) What is enzyme inhibitor?
(b) Explain competitive and non-competitive inhibition with suitable diagram.
(c) What is active site? (d) Define Prosthetic group, Coenzyme with examples.
[CO-5/remember/LOCQ] [1+(5+5)+1+3]
16.(a) Explain enzyme kinetics using a graphical representation.

Page 20 of 2
 (b) Name the two hypotheses proposed to explain the mode of enzyme action and explain it
with proper diagram.
[CO-5/explain/MOCQ] [4+(1+5+5)]
Module 6
17.Write down the differences between protein and nucleic acid? What are the purines and
pyrimidine bases in DNA and RNA? Between A-T and G-C bond, which one requires more
energy to be broken and why? With proper diagram, show different level of compaction in
the DNA structure from chromosome to DNA level.
[CO-3, 4/ apply/MOCQ] [2+4+3+6]
18.What is DNA replication? State if there is any difference between the leading and lagging
strand synthesis in DNA. What are Okazaki fragments? Draw the picture of a replication fork
with proper labelling to demonstrate the process of replication. Name the three enzymes
that participate in the processes of Replication, Transcription and Translation respectively.
[CO-3,4,5/apply/LOCQ] [2+2+2+6+3]
19.What are the purines and pyrimidine bases in DNA and RNA? What do you mean by
template strand? What is TATA box and Pribnow box? Differentiate between monocistronic
and polycistronic. Describe the rho independent RNA transcription. Discuss the role of A
site, P site and E site in the process of translation. What are the terminating codons?
Differentiate between codon and anticodon.
[CO-3,4,5/Remember/LOCQ] [2+1+2+2+2+3+1+2]
Module 8
20.Explain the glycolysis pathway along with a proper flow chart.
[CO-6/apply/MOCQ] [15]
21.(a) Give the full form of EMP.
(b) Differentiate between – (i). Glycolysis and Krebs cycle
(ii) Anabolism and Catabolism
[CO-6/compare/MOCQ] [1+(10+4)]
22.(a) Give a detailed step by step description of Krebs cycle along with a diagram.
(b) Write a short note on photosynthesis.
[CO-6/remember/LOCQ] [10+5]
23.(a) Mention the site for Glycolysis and Krebs cycle. [2]
(b) Write down the full form of ‘Currency of energy’. [1]
(c) Write down the difference between dark phase and light phase of photosynthesis. [3]
(d) Define Glycolysis. [2]
(e) Briefly explain about Glycolysis pathway with a proper flow chart.
[CO-8/remember, understand /LOCQ] [7]

24. Write down first and second law of thermodynamics .

Difference between Dark and light phase of photosynthesis .

Page 21 of 2
 Mention the location of Glycolysis and kreb’s cycle.
Write down full form of ADP and ETC.
What do you mean by photophosphorylation and photolysis . (CO8/Remember/HOCQ)

Module 9
25.(a) Give the ecological importance of microorganism.
(b) Write about the sterilization methods generally used in laboratory.
(c) Explain the bacterial growth phases along with the bacterial growth curve.
(d) Define Selective media
[CO-9/remember, understand /LOCQ] [4+5+4+ 2]
26.(a) In which microscope produce 3D image? [1]
(b) What are the applications of IR Spectroscopy. [2]
(c) What is resolving power and limit of resolution. [2]
(d) Write down the difference between SEM and TEM. [3]
(e) Define synthetic media with example. ‘Suppose a biologist wants to observe mitochondria
of a cell, then which microscope is used to observe mitochondria properly?
[2+1+1]
(f) Explain the bacterial growth phases along with the bacterial growth curve. [3]
[CO-9/remember, understand /LOCQ]

27.(a) What is microbial growth?

(b) What is microbial growth kinetics?
(c) Explain the bacterial growth phases along with the bacterial growth curve.
[CO-2/explain/MOCQ] [2+1+(10+2)]
28.Write down the differences between motifs and domains. Mention the names of different
types of motifs. Match the elements of the following table.

Name of the protein Functional class

a) Trypsin 1) Receptor protein
b) Keratin 2) Storage protein
c) Albumin 3) Enzymatic protein
d) Hemoglobin 4) Defense protein
e) Insulin 5) Motor protein
f) Acetylecholine receptor 6) Transport protein
g) Actin 7) Hormonal protein
h) Antibodies 8) Structural protein
[CO-3/apply/LOCQ] [5+2+8]
29.Write down the difference between SEM and TEM.
Page 22 of 2
What do you mean by magnification power?Write down the magnification power of ocular
lens and objective lens of compound microscope .Briefly explain about different types of
sterilization process used in microbiological world .Define synthetic , enriched media along
with example
(CO-9/Remember;Understand/LOCQ) [15]

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