P515/2
PRINCIPLES AND
PRACTICESOF
AGRICULTURE
(Theory)
Paper 2
Feb/March. 2024
3 hours
ARCHBISHOP FYLNN SECONDARY SCHOOL
Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education.
PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES OF AGRICULTURE
(THEORY)
Paper 2
3 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
This paper consists of sections; A, B, C, D and E
Answer question 1 in section A and Four other questions, selecting one from each of the
sections B, C, D and E.
Write your answers in the answer booklet provided.
Any additional questions answered will not be marked.
SECTION A (20 MARKS)
Question 1 is Compulsory.
1. Figure 1 shows the relationship between environmental temperature and daily feed intake
by layers per unit of metabolic body weight.
Use the figure below to answers the questions that follow
(a) How does environmental temperature affect the daily feed intake in layers? (1 mark)
(b) Suggest explanations for the effect of environmental temperature on the daily feeding in
layers. (2marks)
(c) From the figure, what would be the consequences of high environmental temperature on
the performance of layers? (03 marks)
(d) (i) Birds are endotherms, what is the importance of this characteristics? (5 marks)
(ii)As endotherms, how do poultry birds react to high environmental temperature?
(2 marks)
(e) From the figure, suggest the considerations to be taken in the formulation of feeds and
construction of houses for poultry in hot climate. (7
marks)
SECTION B (20 MARKS)
CROP PRODUCTION
2 (a) Outline the benefits and limitation of urban farming (8 marks)
(b) Explain how farming can be encouraged in urban and peri-urban areas (6 marks
(c) Briefly explain the reasons for processing of farm produces. (6 marks)
3. (a) what is the importance of practicing agroforestry (10 marks
(b) Describe how trees in agroforestry can be managed. (10 marks)
SECTION C (20 MARKS)
ANIMAL PRODUCTION
4 (a) State the objectives of conserving forage on the farm. (5 marks)
(b) Describe the procedure of making good quality silage on the farm. (10 marks)
(c) Give the factors that affect the quality of hay made on the farm. (5 marks)
5 (a) Explain the factors that affect stocking rate of a pond. (5 marks)
(b) Identify the characteristics of a good fish species for rearing (5 marks)
(c) Describe the causes of low fish yields from the ponds. (10 marks)
SECTION D (20 MARKS)
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND MECHANISATION
6 (a) what are the qualities of a good ox-plough for draught technology. (5 marks)
(b) Give the reasons why you would prefer the use of draught technology for farm power
(06marks)
(c) Explain the management practices that improve efficiency of working animals (9 marks)
7. (a) Outline the limitation of using live fences on a farm. (6 marks)
(b) Explain the following methods of treating wooden posts for fencing.
(i) Hot and cold soaking. (6marks)
(ii) End diffusion (6 marks)
(c) Give four chemicals commonly used to preserve wooden posts. (2 marks)
SECTION E (20 MARKS)
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND FARM MANAGEMENT
8. (a) Giving an example in each case, explain the following product-product relationship;
(i) Joint products (2 marks)
(ii) Competitive products (2 marks)
(iii) Complementary products (2marks)
(b)The following table shows production of maize at various levels of nitrogen fertilizer
application.
Fixed factor land (ha) Variable input Npk Total maize production
fertilizer ( No.of bags, 90 kg each)
(kg bags)
1 0 10
1 1 17
1 2 33
1 3 52
1 4 64
1 5 70
1 6 73
1 7 75
1 8 75
1 9 68
(i) Using the data, calculate the marginal product. (05 marks)
(ii) Plot a graph of total and marginal products against the variable input. (05 marks)
(iii) Explain the relationship between total and marginal product curves. (02 marks)
(iv) Using your graph, state when the law of diminishing returns begins to operate. (01 mark)
(v) What is the importance of the knowledge of diminishing returns in agricultural production?
(01 mark)
9. (a) Differentiate between market and marketing (02 marks)
(b) Explain the causes of poor marketing of farm produces. (12 marks)
(c) What challenges do farmers face when transporting products to the market? (06 marks)
END
SUCCESS DOESNOT COME BY ACCIDENT
