Iso 4217
Iso 4217
The ISO 4217 code list is used in banking and business globally. In many countries, the ISO 4217 alpha
codes for the more common currencies are so well known publicly that exchange rates published in
newspapers or posted in banks use only these to delineate the currencies, instead of translated currency
names or ambiguous currency symbols. ISO 4217 alpha codes are used on airline tickets and international
train tickets to remove any ambiguity about the price.
History
In 1973, the ISO Technical Committee 68 decided to develop codes for the representation of currencies
and funds for use in any application of trade, commerce or banking. At the 17th session (February 1978),
the related UN/ECE Group of Experts agreed that the three-letter alphabetic codes for International
Standard ISO 4217, "Codes for the representation of currencies and funds", would be suitable for use in
international trade.
Over time, new currencies are created and old currencies are discontinued. Such changes usually
originate from the formation of new countries, treaties between countries on shared currencies or
monetary unions, or redenomination from an existing currency due to excessive inflation. As a result, the
list of codes must be updated from time to time. The ISO 4217 maintenance agency is responsible for
maintaining the list of codes.[3]
Types of codes
National currencies
In the case of national currencies, the first two letters of the
alpha code are the two letters of the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2
country code and the third is usually the initial of the
currency's main unit.[4] So Japan's currency code is JPY: "JP"
for Japan and "Y" for yen. This eliminates the problem
caused by the names dollar, franc, peso, and pound being
used in many countries, each having significantly differing
values. While in most cases the ISO code resembles an
abbreviation of the currency's full English name, this is not
always the case, as currencies such as the Algerian dinar,
A list of exchange rates for various base
Aruban florin, Cayman dollar, renminbi, sterling, and the
currencies given by a money changer in
Swiss franc have been assigned codes which do not closely
Thailand, with the Thailand Baht as the
resemble abbreviations of the official currency names. counter (or quote) currency. Note that the
code for the South Korean won is
In some cases, the third letter of the alpha code is not the displayed incorrectly; it should be KRW.
initial letter of a currency unit name. There may be a number
of reasons for this:
It is considered important that the code of a completely new currency be highly mnemonic if
possible. An example is the assignment of the code EUR to the euro. ISO 4217 amendment
94,[5] which created this code, states "The code element 'EU' has been reserved by the
ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency for use within ISO 4217 where 'R' has been appended to
make an acceptable mnemonic code." Here the R comes from the third letter in the word
"euro".
The currency in question is replacing another currency of the same name, due to
revaluation. So that the two currencies have different codes, a different third letter must be
chosen for the code of the new currency. In some cases, the third letter is the initial for
"new" in that country's language, to distinguish it from an older currency that was revalued;
the code sometimes outlasts the usage of the term "new" itself (for example, the code for
the Mexican peso is MXN, reflecting its 1993 revaluation). Another solution to a revalued
currency having the same name as its predecessor is to choose a third letter which results
in a 3-letter code with mnemonic significance. For example, the Russian ruble changed from
RUR to RUB following a revaluation, where the B comes from the third letter in the word
"ruble".
Codes for the precious metals gold (XAU), silver (XAG), palladium (XPD), and platinum
(XPT) are formed by prefixing the element's chemical symbol with the letter "X". These
"currency units" are defined as one troy ounce of the specified metal.
The code XTS is reserved for use in testing.
The code XXX is used to denote a "transaction" involving no currency.
There are also codes specifying certain monetary instruments used in international finance,
e.g. XDR is the symbol for special drawing right issued by the International Monetary Fund.
The codes for most supranational currencies, such as the East Caribbean dollar, the CFP
franc, the CFA franc BEAC, and the CFA franc BCEAO. The predecessor to the euro, the
European Currency Unit (ECU), had the code XEU.
The use of the initial letter "X" for these purposes is facilitated by the ISO 3166 rule that no official
country code beginning with X will ever be assigned.
The inclusion of the EU (denoting the European Union) in the ISO 3166-1 reserved codes list allows the
euro to be coded as EUR rather than assigned a code beginning with X, even though it is a supranational
currency.
Numeric codes
ISO 4217 also assigns a three-digit numeric code to each currency. This numeric code is usually the same
as the numeric code assigned to the corresponding country by ISO 3166-1. For example, USD (United
States dollar) has numeric code 840 which is also the ISO 3166-1 code for "US" (United States).
COU 970 2[7] Unidad de Valor Real (UVR) (funds code)[7] Colombia
STN 930 2[15] São Tomé and Príncipe dobra São Tomé and Príncipe
8. In applications where monetary resources associated with a currency (i.e. funds) need
not be specified and where a field identifier indicating currency is used, the first two
(leftmost) characters are sufficient to identify a currency—example: US for United States
dollars for general, unspecified purposes where a field identifier indicating currency is
present. (A field identifier can be a preprinted field heading in an aligned document or a
similarly-agreed application in electronic transmission of data.)
9. In applications where there is a need to distinguish between types of currencies, or
where funds are required as in the banking environment, or where there is no field
identifier, the third (rightmost) character of the alphabetic code is an indicator, preferably
mnemonic, derived from the name of the major currency unit or fund—example: USD for
general, unspecified purposes; USN for United States dollar next-day funds, and USS for
funds which are immediately available for Federal Reserve transfer, withdrawal in cash or
transfer in like funds (same-day funds). Since there is no need for such a distinction in
international trade applications, the funds codes have not been included in the Annex to
the present Recommendation.
Historical codes
A number of currencies had official ISO 4217 currency codes and currency names until their replacement
by another currency. The table below shows the ISO currency codes of former currencies and their
common names (which do not always match the ISO 4217 names). That table has been introduced end
1988 by ISO.[22]
Historical ISO 4217 currency codes[1]
Netherlands Antillean
ANG 532 2
guilder 2025-03-31[23] XCG
Angolan kwanza
AOR 982 0 1995-07-01 1999-11-30 AOA
reajustado
ARA 032 2 Argentine austral 1985-06-15 1991-12-31 ARS
Argentine peso
ARP 032 2 1983-06-06 1985-06-14 ARA (ARS)
argentino
ARY 032 . Argentine peso ley January 1970 1983-06-06 ARP (ARS)
ATS 040 2 Austrian schilling 1945 1999-01-01 EUR
Equatorial Guinean
GQE 226 1975 1985-12-31 XAF
ekwele
0,
GRD 300
2
Greek drachma 1954-05-01[34] 2001-01-01[34] EUR
3,
ILP 376 Israeli pound 1948 1980-02-20 ILR (ILS)
2
Luxembourg convertible
LUC 989 .
franc (funds code)
Portuguese Timorese
TPE 626 0 1959 1976 USD
escudo
Venezuelan bolívar
VEF 937 2
fuerte
2008-01-01 2018-08-20[11] VES
YUN (MKD/RSD/EUR/
YUD 890 2 Yugoslav dinar 1966-01-01 1989-12-31
HRK/BAM)
YUM 891 2 Yugoslav dinar 1994-01-24 2003-07-02 CSD (RSD/EUR)
YUR (MKD/RSD/EUR/
YUN 890 2 Yugoslav dinar 1990-01-01 1992-06-30
HRK/BAM)
Zimbabwean dollar
ZWN 942 2 2006-08-01 2008-07-31 ZWR (USD/ZWG)
(second)
Zimbabwean dollar
ZWR 935 2
(third)
2008-08-01 2009-02-02 ZWL[i] (USD/ZWG)
Zimbabwean dollar
ZWL 932 2 2009-02-02 2024-09-01[20] ZWG
(fourth & fifth)[i]
Currency details
Requirements sometimes arise for values to be expressed in terms of minor units of currency.
When this occurs, it is necessary to know the decimal relationship that exists between the
currency concerned and its minor unit. This information has therefore been included in this
International Standard and is shown in the column headed "Minor unit" in Tables A.1 and A.2;
"0" means that there is no minor unit for that currency, whereas "1", "2" and "3" signify a ratio
of 10:1, 100:1 and 1000:1 respectively. The names of the minor units are not given.
Examples for the ratios of 100:1 and 1000:1 include the United States dollar and the Bahraini dinar, for
which the column headed "Minor unit" shows "2" and "3", respectively. As of 2021, two currencies have
non-decimal ratios, the Mauritanian ouguiya and the Malagasy ariary; in both cases the ratio is 5:1. For
these, the "Minor unit" column shows the number "2". Some currencies, such as the Burundian franc, do
not in practice have any minor currency unit at all. These show the number "0", as with currencies whose
minor units are unused due to negligible value.
a sum of EUR 30
and for texts in Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek,
Hungarian, Italian, Lithuanian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, and Swedish the
order is reversed; the amount is followed by a non-breaking space and the ISO 4217 code:
As illustrated, the order is determined not by the currency but by the native language of the document
context.
1. a minor currency pegged at par (1:1) to a larger currency, even if independently regulated,
2. a currency only used for commemorative banknotes or coins, or
3. a currency of an unrecognized or partially recognized state.
These currencies include:
Non-standard codes
Despite having no presence or status in the standard, three letter acronyms that resemble ISO 4217 coding
are sometimes used locally or commercially to represent de facto currencies or currency instruments.
Active abbreviations resembling ISO 4217 currency codes
Locations
Unofficial ISO 4217
code code D[a] Currency using this Notes
currency
New Taiwan
NTD[55] TWD 2
dollar
Taiwan
TVD[52] — 2 Tuvalu dollar Tuvalu TV is the ISO 3166 two-letter code for Tuvalu
Zimbabwean
ZWB[60] — 2
bonds
Zimbabwe Also known as the RTGS Dollar.
Replacing the third letter of the ISO 4217 Code of the parent currency with an upper-
case "X". Examples are GBX[72][73][74] for penny sterling, USX[73] for the US Cent,
EUX[73][72] for the Euro Cent.
Replacing the third letter of the ISO 4217 Code of the parent currency with the first letter of
the name of a minor unit, using lower-case. Examples are GBp[75][74] for Penny Sterling,
USc[75] for the US Cent, and EUc[75] for the Euro Cent.
A third convention is similar to the second one but uses an upper-case letter, e.g. ZAC[76] for the South
African Cent.
Cryptocurrencies
Cryptocurrencies have not been assigned an ISO 4217 code.[77] However, some cryptocurrencies and
cryptocurrency exchanges use a three-letter acronym that resemble an ISO 4217 code.
See also
Money portal
Banks portal
Notes
a. The number of digits after the decimal separator.
b. Entities listed in the ISO 4217 standard. See the list of circulating currencies for de facto
currency use.
c. Not part of the European Union, but uses euro via monetary agreement.
d. Adopted unilaterally, not an actual part of the eurozone.
e. Jeon is defined as 1/100 won by the Bank of Korea Act, Article 47-2,[9] but it is not practically
used and only used for exchange rates.
f. The Malagasy ariary and the Mauritanian ouguiya are technically divided into five subunits
(the iraimbilanja and khoum respectively) the coins display "1/5" on their face and are
referred to as a "fifth" (Khoum/cinquième); These are not used in practice, but when written
out, a single significant digit is used. E.g. 1.2 UM.
g. Added on 2005-06-01 with an effective date of 2006-01-01,[24] but moved to the historic
index and replaced by AZN on 2005-10-13 due to not complying with the currency coding
standardization rules.[25]
h. The numeric code for the German Mark was originally 280: it was changed to 276 on 16
April 1999 to align with ISO 3166-1.[31]
i. The fifth Zimbabwean dollar, formerly the RTGS dollar until 24 June 2019, reuses ZWL: the
fourth Zimbabwean dollar also used the code, from 2 February 2009 to 30 September 2015.
j. The Government of Barbados and the Central Bank often use the International vehicle
registration code code "BDS" instead of the ISO 4217 code "BBD". For example, the Central
Bank uses the code "BDS$" for listing past exchange rates on its website.[48]
k. Not compatible with ISO 4217, as currency codes beginning with MA are reserved to
Morocco. However, formerly referred to in the list of historical currencies with a footnote
stating that it is a "non ISO code".[63] Amended to MLF on 2007-06-18.[64]
l. Croatia and Macedonia issued their own currencies before the 1992 dinar entered
circulation. Bosnia and Herzegovina issued their own currency when the 1992 dinar entered
circulation.
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External links
"Data Standards, ISO 4217 - Currency Code Maintenance: Get the Correct Currency Code"
(https://www.six-group.com/en/products-services/financial-information/data-standards.html).
www.six-group.com. SIX Group. 2022-10-01.
"Maintenance Agency | ISO 4217 – Currency Code Maintenance: Get the Correct
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ormation/data-standards.html#scrollTo=maintenance-agency). SIX Group. (The official
list of ISO 4217 alphabetic and numeric codes)
An older list of ISO 4217 alphabetic codes that contains some history of ISO 4217 (https://w
ww.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/cefact/recommendations/rec09/rec09_ecetrd203.pdf) (PDF
file)
Position of the ISO code or euro sign in amounts (http://publications.europa.eu/code/en/en-3
70303.htm#position)
List of all currencies with names and ISO 4217 codes in all languages and all data formats
(https://github.com/umpirsky/currency-list) (GitHub)