REVIEW ARTICLE

Development of Spiritual Intelligence Based Collaborative

Learning

Oom Komalasari1, Asyifa Nur Rohmah1, Wiwi Marwiyah1, Nurul Aidah1*

1
Universitas Islam Nusantara, Bandung, Java West, Indonesia
*Corresponding Author: nurulaidah301988@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Developing spiritual intelligence can be interpreted as all efforts, steps, activities carried out both
independently and with the help of others in order to develop spiritual intelligence. The development of
this spiritual aspect does not have to be a program or a subject that specifically provides material on
spirituality. However, this spiritual aspect can be developed more broadly and integrated through any
activities. Although Zohar and Marshal only stated that we need a 'religious framework' as a guide to have
and increase SQ potential, in this study, this will be used as something that is mandatory to then frames the
development of spiritual intelligence. Thus the development of spiritual intelligence is an effort to develop,
encourage and invite humans to be more advanced in matters relating to psychological, spiritual, mental,
moral, or those relating to the spirit or soul, as well as working with their efforts or assumptions regarding
transcendental values (divine values) with a monotheistic (integralistic) mindset and only because of Allah
swt.

Keywords: spiritual intelligence, collaborative learning

INTRODUCTION
System Education National mention that education is effort aware and planned realize
atmosphere study and process learningso that participant educate active develop potency herself
for have strengths spiritual religious, control self,personality, intelligence, morals glorious as
well as the skills needed Public, nation and country (UU Number 20 of 2003). Education has
contribution big in build and develop quality man which held by programmed, structured and
sustainable. childhood phase child Becomes phase which good money for educator embed
principle and character. So that in building the phases of phase next will more easy. As a result,
the child will become a person who toughness, strong and energetic. A expert nerve and
psychologist, Howard Gardner has find multiple intelligences, research that found a potency in
self man. Various intelligences are found from results brain work, including intelligence are:
intelligence intellectual (IQ), intelligence emotional intelligence (EQ), and spiritual intelligence
(SQ).
Strengthening spiritual intelligence is very important for children because it relates toreligion,
religion have strength which big in soul in form behavior or action which based on teachings
religion. Intelligence spiritualis ability feelpresence God S.W.T in side, andfeel that he is always
seen by God S.W.T (Suyadi, 2012, p. 139). Intelligence spiritual start many discussed after the
research Danah Zohar and Marshall (Danah Zohar &Ian Marshall, 2002: 76) state thatintelligence
spiritual which owned by every person could support successhis life. Intelligence spiritual capable
deliver somebody for have values sublime in every his life so that capable interpret all experience
which experienced and apply it in joints his life. Important for somebody child which still in
developmentget guidance from parents orteacher to develop all potentialintelligence which by
nature has there is in self every child, good from side intellectual, emotional nor spiritual. During
this trend a educators and parents only see potency intelligence intellectual, so that occur

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imbalance development psychic child in side emotional and spiritual. Integration dimensions
intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence the in term psychology called meta intelligence
(Agustin, 2004, p. 217). Between emotional intelligence (EQ), intelligenceintellectual property
(IQ), and spiritual intelligence (SQ) very related close one with whichother.

INTELLIGENCE SPIRITUAL
By etymological, spiritual,spirituality or spiritualism comes from say spirits. Meaning from
spirits, in DictionaryGreat Indonesian Language explained that spirit has the meaning of spirit,
soul, soul and spirit. And spiritual interpreted something which relate with or character
psychological (soul or spiritual). (Culture, 2020). Intelligence originated from say intelligent,by
etymology intelligent that is perfect development of the mind to think andunderstand. According
to dictionary Webster define intelligence as: 1) ability for learn or understand experience, ability
for get and maintain knowledge, ability mentally, 2) ability for give response quickly and
successfully in new situations,ability for use reason in solve problem. (Gunawan,2005, p. 152)
SQ is the intelligence with whichman can direct and solve problems meaning and score, that
is intelligence which with him humans put behavior and life humans in the context of more
meaning large and more rich, intelligence for judge that action or way of life somebody more
mean compared with others). As for Ary Ginanjar Augustian in book bestthe seller Emotional
Spiritual Quotient mention that intelligence spiritualis the ability to give meaning spiritual to
thinking, everybehavior and activity, through step- natural steps and thoughts,going to man which
completely (hanif) and have pattern thinking monotheism (integralistic), as well as principled
"only because God". Next Gynanjar confirm by quoting the statement Danar Zohar and Ian
Marshall that intelligence spiritual(SQ) is intelligence highest. (Agustin, 2004) While Toto
Tasmara mention intelligence spiritual as spiritual intelligence ( Transcendental
intelligence ). Toto explain that intelligence spiritual is ability somebody for listen to his
conscience, good or bad and flavor moral in the method put self in association. Indicator
intelligence the according to Tasmara is piety. (Romance,2001)

Benefit intelligence spiritual

First, man which havespiritual which good will have connectionwhich strong with God, so that
will impact also to cleverness he in interacting with humans, because helped by God that is heart
man made tend to him. (Abdullah, 2005) second, intelligence spiritual is base which required for
enable IQ and EQ effectively and this spiritual intelligence is intelligence highest man. Third,
spiritual intelligence guides man for reach happiness life essential and guide man for get peace.
(Marshall, 2005) Fourth, use intelligence spiritual, in taking decision tend will give birth to
decision whichbest, that is decision spiritual.Decision spiritual that is decisionwhich taken with
put forward nature-nature divine and going to patience follow God as-Sabur or permanent follow
conscience for give ortaqarrub to al-Wahhab and permanent love going to God's nature ar -Rahim.

Characteristic features Intelligence Spiritual

Jalaluddin Grace quote fivecharacteristics person which intelligent byspiritual according to
Roberts A. Emmonsin the book 'The Psychology ofUltimate Concerns ': First, abilityfor trending
which physique andmaterial; second, ability forexperience level awareness which peaked; third,
ability for sacred experience daily; fourth, the ability to usespiritual resources for complete
problem and ability to do good; fifth, have taste love Dear which tall on fellow creature Lord. To
know more far about existence intelligence spiritual (SQ) which already working effectively or

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that SQ that already move to direction positive development within somebody, so there is a
number of characteristic whichcan note: first, haveclear principles and guidelines for life and
strong which stand on universal good which in the form of love, love Dear, justice, honesty,
tolerance, integrity and etc.(Hasan, 2006) second, haveability for face andutilise suffering and
have ability for face andbeyond flavor sick (trance pain). third, capable interpret all professionand
activity in framework and frame which more large and means, but furthermore, that all that
conducted this for the sake of and because God.With thereby, all activity which conducted will
have meaning which in and large, whatever form activity. Fourth, have self-awareness (self-
awareness) is high. Whatever he do, he do with full awareness. As emphasized by Danar Zohar
and Ian Marshall that humans are different with machine. Man is creature which have awareness
(human beingsare conscious).

Steps Spiritual Intelligence Development

Develop intelligence spiritualcould interpreted with all effort, step, activity which conducted
good independently or with the help of others in order to develop spiritual intelligence . The
development of this spiritual aspectdoes not have to be a program or one eye lesson which by
special provide material about spirituality. Willbut aspect spiritual this could developed more
large and integrated through activity whatever. Although Zohar and Marshal onlystate that our
need ' religious framework ' (religious framework) as a guide to have and increase potency SQ,
however in this research, it will be used as a as something which Required for then frame
development intelligence spiritual. Thereby development intelligence spiritual is effort develop,
encourage and invite more people advanced in matters relating to psychology, spiritual, mentally,
moral, or which regarding with spirit or soul, and work with his business or assumptions about
values transcendental (score divine), with pattern think by Tawhid (Integralistic) as well as
principled just because Allah SWT.
In the opinion of Zohar and Marshall which suggests seven steps to increase spiritual
intelligence, that is as following,:
- First step, must be aware in where herself now.
- Step two: Feel withstrong that he wants to change.
- Step third: contemplatingis the center alone and isthe motivation which most in.
- Fourth step: find danresolve obstacle.
- Step five: Dig a lot possibility for stepUp.
- Sixth step: set heart on a path.
- Step seventh: and finally while stepping on the path that chosen alone, but must
permanent aware that still there is take a walkwhich other.

Besides Zohar and Ian, Sukidi in the book Intelligence Spiritual: why SQ More Important than
IQ and EQ, alsogive four step for hone intelligence spiritual. Fourth step which could made as
activity or activity in skeleton develop intelligence spiritual that is: 1) know yourself, that
participantsstudents must recognize the existence of himself, because person which are already
can't know myself will experience crisis meaning life and spiritual crisis. Therefore, knowing
yourself is a requirement first in educational activities spiritual. 2) do some introspection, or
something in term religion known as effort repentance. Apply question on self alone, "have"
journey life and my career is running or is in rail which Correct?" perhaps moment man To do
introspection, man find that Duringthis man has To do error, fraud, orhypocrisy towards people

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other. 3) activate heart by routine, which in context person religious is remember Lord. Because,
He is source truthhighest and to he- it is man return. With remember Lord, so heart man Becomes
peace. Thing this proves why so many people which try remember Lord through method
remembrance, contemplate, prayer tahajjud in middle night,contentulation in the place lonely,
follow mysticism, meditate, and other part of it . Activity- activity the is in skeleton man
mangobati his heart. 4) after remember The Khalik, man will findharmony and calmlife. Humans
are no longer man which greedy will Theory,but could feel satisfaction supreme is inner peace
heart and soul, until man reach balance in live and feel happiness spiritual. A number of tips or
method which could carried out in order to develop spiritual intelligence as opinionJalaluddin
grace, that as educator. 5) be person mature "shepherdgood spirituality. As is known, that example
is which is quite effective in training and guide children so that becomes which more good,
because nature children tend imitate and influenced by environment or the educator.Method this
very effective in prepare and shape moral, spiritual, and social, becauseeducator Becomes
example ideal for child. Basic is because by psychological child of course happy copy; not only
good, which bad even in copy it. Nature child educatethat recognized in Islam. people imitate the
Prophet; The Prophet imitatesal-Qur'an. The Apostle's personality is interpretation Al -Quran by
real.Not only the method worship,but also a way of life daily. Exemplary which displayed by
Muhammad saw to whole his people in anywhere they is at, will permanentsustainable During sky
and earth stillsustainable. Because personality Muhammad saw as disclosed by MuhammadQutb,
no only isan example for a time, a generationor one nation, one group orone environment certain.
Exemplary which shown Muhammad SAW is exemplary universal, for whole generation 4.0 As
"Really, on (self) Rasulullah Correct-indeed there is a good role model for you, (that is) for
person which hope (grace) God and (arrival) day Doomsday as well as which many remember
God." 2) Help children to formulate " mission " his life. State and ask about various level
destination from destination most closeuntil destination most far, destinationend. By using the
technique what then. The main mission for child sure Becomes child which pious, pious in
meaning actually. According to Dr. M Quraish Shihab as quoted by Imas, that whichmeant pious
is Becomes people fit for purpose its creation that is for devote oneself, devote self to The Khaliq
Allah SWT. Read the scriptures together and tell the meaning inlife daily. Everyreligion certain
have book holy. Al-Qur'an is book holy people Islam. Read and study paragraph-paragraph Al-
Qur'an by carefully heno just penetrate wall cognition only, but also penetrate intellectual walls
and heart. 3) Tell me stories great fromcharacters spiritual. Children even person mature very
affected by the story. Manis the only creature that like tell a story and lifebased on the story he
believed. With thereby, method story really importantin grow and embed flavor religious to the
child. 4) Discuss various problem- problem with perspective spiritual. See from perspective
spiritual it means givemeaning with refer on Plan great Divine (DevineGrand designs). 5) Engage
child in activity- activity ritual religious.Activity religious is method for tune in with The great

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Power, Source from All Strength. though all onlyritual and activitiesreligious but also must
given understanding and the meaning of the activity so that child no feel only limited habit just.
According to Zakiah Darajat that on generally religion somebody determined by education
experience and exerciseswhat he went through in his childhoodbefore. Someone who on time
small never geteducation religion, so on timewhen he grows up he will feelimportance religion in
his life.Read poems, or songswhich spiritual and inspirational. 6) Bring it child for enjoybeauty
natural. Providespecial time with children for Introducing the greatness of God and enjoy proof
beautycreation Lord. 7) Bring it child to places person which suffer. This is wrong one method
for teach to child for be grateful on enjoyment andperfection which hasreceived.
8) Follow and include them inactivities social. Activitythis will hone flavor love Dear and not
quite enough he replied,teach child be grateful and cultivate spirit togetherness with values social,
practice children to get used to sharing withfellow, care with person otherand the environment.
Usually child will experience change attitudeBecomes full love, caring,and full not quite enough
answer. Understanding monotheism whichtaught to children is formation mental so that reach
maturity by spiritual. After instilling the creed of monotheismwith strong, then will encourage
habituation of rituals rite which required to human-yang listed in al - Quran and sunnah .

CONCLUSION
Strengthening intelligence spiritual very important for children because it relates to with
religion, religion has power big in the soul in forming behavior or action which based on teachings
religion. Intelligence spiritualis ability feelpresence God S.W.T in side, andfeel that he is always
seen by God S.W.T. SQ is intelligence which humans can direct andsolve problems meaning
and score, that is intelligence which with himhumans put behavior and life humans in the context
of more meaning large and more rich, intelligence for judge that action or way of life somebody
more mean compared with which other). Thereby also in development spiritual that the first
material to be Becomes base is monotheism. Education and guidance provided to children when
they are young child will have influence which strong inin soul they, because time theof course
is time preparation andbriefing. Tawhid is lessonfirst thing to give to children for develop nature,
because by nature the child is born in a state of bring the nature of monotheism. With education
monotheism so child will capable develop potencynature, so that it becomes the foundation in
utilization of spiritual intelligence As according to Suharsono, there are two steps that conducted
in development intelligence spiritual, first, very recommended with multiply worship sunnah.
Could interpreted that worship sunnah is climbing transcendental because even though
intelligence spiritual that is actualization from nature, on side other also must do ascent
transcendental existsTazkiyatun (purification self), so thatlight holy could penetrate and mobilize
existing intelligence,because though our have intelligence which is adequate, but there is a black
cloud that envelops it makes us notget light. Black cloud in perspective intellectual could shaped
interest personal, selfishness, say lies, inconsistency.

REFERENCES
Abdullah, U. (2005). Blow up IESQ with Taqwa and Tawakal Steps. Jakarta:
Zikrul Hakim. Augustine, A. G. (2004). ESQ POWER: A Inner Jouerney Via Al-Ihsan. Jakarta:
Arga.
Asmara, T. (2001). Spiritual Intelligence (Transcendental Intelligence) Shaping the Personality
Responsible Answer, Professional and Behave. Jakarta: Echo Human.
Gunawan, A. (2005). Born to Be a Genius. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka. Hassan, AW (2006). SQ

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Prophet. Jakarta: Ircisod.

Culture, DP (2020). Big Indonesian Dictionary, 5th Edition. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka. Marshall, D.
Z. (2005). SQ:Intelligence Spiritual. Jakarta: Human Echo.
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