ETHIOPIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY - MEKELLE
SCHOOL OF MECHANICHAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
HOSTING COMPANY: SABA DIMENSIONAL STONES PLC.
INTERNSHIP REPORT
PREPARED BY: MASHO LEAKE
ID No. EITM/UR96129/08
Advisor’s Name: INS. DAWIT
Company Supervisor’s Name: Mr. NETSANET
DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE
1 Introduction
A crane is a type of machine, generally equipped with a hoist, wire ropes or chains,
and sheaves, that can be used both to lift and lower materials and to move them
horizontally. It is mainly used for lifting heavy things and transporting them to
other places. It uses one or more simple machines to create mechanical advantage
and thus move loads beyond the normal capability of a man. Cranes are commonly
employed in the transport industry for the loading and unloading of freight and
engines when they need maintenance, in the construction industry for the
movement of materials and in the Manufacturing industry for the assembling of
heavy equipment.
In material handling, the cranes play a vital role in modern manufacturing
industries. Hydraulic cranes are heavy equipment used primarily for lifting. These
Hydraulic floor Cranes, provide an efficient low cost alternative to other material
handling equipment. Strong, robust, steady and built to very standard. Crane
structure Consists of base, mast, boom, piston cylinder, hoist wheel. A mobile floor
crane is equipment with portable features which makes it admirable and
recommended for both indoor (workshop/warehouse) and outdoor purposes, for the
sole aim of lifting and moving heavy materials from one place to another. Some of
these features found in them include; accommodate various heights and sizes of
materials to be lifted. A look at the workshop in Ethiopia reveals that all such
machines are imported into the country from other country.
It is therefore intended to design and manufacture a shop crane which is
hydraulically operated using locally sourced materials. This will not only help to
recover monies lost in the form of foreign exchange but will enhance the level of
our local technology in the exploration of hydraulic fluid power transmission
. 1.1 Problem statement
In the company I observe some of these problems and this project aims
to solve those problems
Lack of floor crane in the corporation –there is no safe work condition. Which
leads to decrease work satisfaction, when they use Gib crane. When they use
overhead bridge crane there is noise, which they use the crane for small tasks
Time to move material from place to place- since the Gib is stationary is not
comfortable to transport products from place to place so I purposely design my
machine to be mobile.
Safety of the workers –since they manipulate the crane manually by man power
there is risk on the safety of the operators. And when they overhead bridge
crane there is risk of falling of products from high position.
The few crane and lift facilities currently employed in SDS production and
maintenance shops. There is the need for the development of home initiated and
home built shop cranes that are affordable with simplified technology in order to
ensure adequate usage of proper lifting tool in the work shop. This project intends
to address this issue from the angle of evolving the built of an affordable shop
crane using mostly available materials.
2 Objective of the project
2.1 General objective
The general objective of this project is to design hydraulic floor crane.
2.2 Specific objective
To provide safe working condition.
To use minimum man power in transporting objects.
To make easy and reliable lifting and transporting these stones from place to
Place.
To prepare a mathematical analysis of each components of the hydraulic floor
Crane.
To prepare 3D modeling assembly
3 Literature review
From the cranes used in building and structural engineering works, cranes have
been developed for all company of material handling jobs in manufacturing and
service industries. As a result, many different varieties of crane exist. Broughton
(1958) grouped all cranes into four main categories, which remain applicable
today, as enunciated by Thompson Geoffrey (2007):
Overhead Travelling Crane: This consist of fixed rails lying on one or two
elevated girders with the trolley or crane bridge (with hoisting apparatus) that can
transverse the length of the rails.
The Jib Crane: This consists of an inclined member that can rotate about a
central point and suspend the load from the outer end of the inclined member.
Gantry Crane: This is a girder or girders connected to vertical members which
are either fixed or move along tracks at the base of the vertical member, the
hoisting equipment can be usually traverse the bridge girder or girders.
Cantilever or Tower: This is a vertical mast with a horizontal cantilever that
rotates horizontally around the vertical member. The trolley and hoisting
equipment move along the horizontal Cantilever.
4 Methodology
The research methodology is as follows:
the research Started from problem identification and statement
Review of existing work on Hydraulic Workshop Cranes and Cranes
In general.
Objectives specification
Stating the scope of the project
Describing of introduction literature review
Selection of materials for the construction of the crane mainly from the
local market.
Design of each components mathematically
Part drawing preparation for all components
Assembly drawing preparation for the system
3D drawing preparation
Manufacturing process plan preparation
Scope and limitation
The scope of the project
The scope of the project is to Design a hydraulic floor crane which can lift up and
transfer material from place to place with minimum help of man power up to
1000 kg loading capacity for the workshop of the company. The company can use
this project to produce different types of hydraulic floor crane in different loading
capacity using different types of piston cylinders.
Limitation
the limitation of this crane is it can not carry heavy objects more than 1000
kgs.
It can only move in flat floor that means I can not applicable in field work
Significance of the project
Gives good working condition
Reduce the need of fork lift
Short product transporting time
Safe work condition
Reduce noise
Easy, Reliable transportation
Time table
NO EVENTS WEEK NUMBER
1 Design considerations WEEK 1
2 Material selection
3 Design Specifications
4 Geometric analysis WEEK 2
5 Force analysis
6 Boom design analysis
7 Mast design analysis WEEK 3
8 Base Plate design analysis
9 Design of locking mechanism
10 Design of wheel WEEK 4
11 Hook design analysis
12 Pin design analysis
13 Bolt and Nut design analysis WEEK 5
14 Hydraulic system analysis
15 Handle design
16 Design of the plunger WEEK 6
17 Design of piston rod
18 Design of Piston head
19 Design of cylinder
20 Design of Reservoir WEEK 7
21 Design of check valve
22 Design of spring
23 Result and discussion
