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Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1- GOD ENTRUSTED THE EARTH TO HUMANITY
CHAPTER 2 - HUMANITY ENTRUSTED THE EARTH TO PUBLIC SERVANTS
CHAPTER 3 -GOVERNMENT TRICKS ON THE CITIZENS
CHAPTER 4- THE CONSUMER IN CREDITOR-DEBTOR WORLD
CHAPTER 5 -PUBLIC RIGHTS
CHAPTER 6 -SURETYSHIP
CHAPTER 7 -TRUST MERGER
CHAPTER 8 -BANK OPERATION
CHAPTER 1- GOD ENTRUSTED THE EARTH TO HUMANITY
God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have
dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and
over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth -:Genesis
1:26
"But I have said unto you, Ye shall inherit their
land, and I will give it unto you to possess it, a
land that floweth with milk and honey: I am the
LORD your God, which have separated you from
other people." -Leviticus 20:24
The secret to success is to own nothing, but control everything. -Nelson Rockefeller
In the Bible, the concept of the earth as an estate or inheritance is mentioned
several times. For example, in the book of Psalms, it says "The earth is the Lord's, and
everything in it, the world, and all who live in it" (Psalm 24:1). This idea of the earth
being God's property and a trust for humanity is also expressed in other passages. The
Bible teaches that God has given humanity stewardship over the earth, and that we
have a responsibility to care for and protect it for future generations.
Life is seen as a gift from God, and as such, it is considered to be trust property.
This means that every person has a responsibility to take care of their life and use it in a
way that honors the gift they have been given.
In this context, a person's life is seen as a trust that they have been given to use for a
specific purpose. It is their responsibility to take care of this trust, to live their life in a
way that is meaningful and that makes the most of the time they have been given.
People who see their life in this way believe that they have a responsibility to use their
life to help others, to make the world a better place, and to live in accordance with their
beliefs and values. In this way, they see their life as a trust property, something that has
been given to them to use for a greater purpose.
Imagine that you have a toy box and you want to share it with your little brother
or sister but you're not sure if they can handle all the toys yet. So, you ask an adult you
trust, like your mom or dad, to keep the toy box safe and give the toys to your brother
or sister when they are old enough or when they need them. That's a bit like trust law.
In the Bible, God is like the adult who gave the toy box and all the toys in the world to
people, and He wants people to take care of the toys and share them with others. So,
people have a responsibility to take care of the world and share it's resources, like the
toys, in a responsible way, that's similar to how you share your toys with your brother or
sister. This is what is meant by God granting dominion to humanity in the Bible.
It's a bit like when you are in charge of taking care of something, like a toy box, and you
have to make sure that you take good care of it and share it with others in a responsible
way.
A trust is like a special container that someone sets up to hold things that are
important to them, like money or property. When someone creates a trust, they put
their belongings into the container and then give the container to someone else to take
care of. This person is called the "trustee".
The trustee has an important job to do. They have to follow the rules that the person
who created the trust wrote down. These rules explain how the things in the trust can
be used and who can use them.
For example, let's say that someone creates a trust to hold money for their child's
education. The rules might say that the trustee can only use the money in the trust to
pay for the child's school expenses. The trustee can't use the money for anything else,
like buying a car or going on vacation.
The person who created the trust is called the "grantor", and the person who will
eventually receive the things in the trust is called the "beneficiary". In our example, the
child who will use the money for their education is the beneficiary.
Overall, a trust is a way for someone to make sure that their belongings are used the
way they want them to be used, even if they're not around anymore. It's like leaving a
set of instructions for someone else to follow.
The purpose of funding a trust is to give the trustee money or assets to manage
and use for the benefit of the beneficiaries. It's like putting money into a special bank
account where the trustee is in charge of making sure it is used for the things that the
person who set up the trust (called the grantor) wanted. This can include things like
helping loved ones, paying for education or healthcare expenses, or supporting
someone who needs assistance. By funding a trust, the grantor can make sure that their
assets are used in a specific way, even after they are gone.
An estate can be held in trust when a person wants to make sure that their
property and belongings are managed and distributed in a certain way, often for a
specific purpose.
Think of a trust as a special container that holds the property and belongings. The
trust is controlled by a person called a trustee, who is responsible for managing the trust
and making sure that the property and belongings are used according to the instructions
written in the trust.
For example, a person might put their money into a trust for their child, so that
the child can receive the money when they are older and ready to use it responsibly.
The trustee is like a guardian for the money, making sure it is used according to the
instructions in the trust.
Holding an estate in trust can be a good way to make sure that a person's
property and belongings are used the way they wanted after they are gone.
A grantor of an infant estate is like a grown-up who wants to give a special
present to a young child. The grown-up makes a plan for the present to be taken care of
and used for the young child's benefit when they are older. Just like how a parent might
save a special toy for their child to play with when they're older, the grantor of an infant
estate is making a plan for a special trust or gift to be taken care of for a young child.
The trustee is like a special helper who will take care of the present and
make sure the young child gets it when they are old enough to enjoy it.
A guardian of an infant estate is a person who is responsible for taking care of a
child's property and belongings if the child is too young to do so themselves.
Imagine a young child who inherits some money or property from a relative who has
passed away. The child is too young to manage the money or property themselves, so a
guardian is appointed to take care of it for them until the child is old enough to do so.
The guardian is like a temporary caretaker for the child's property and
belongings, making sure they are kept safe and used wisely until the child is old enough
to take over. It's a important responsibility to make sure the child's property and
belongings are protected until they are old enough to manage them themselves.
A testator is a person who makes a will, which is a legal document that says what
should happen to their property and belongings after they die. A testatrix is a female
testator. So, a testator or testatrix is someone who decides what should happen to their
things after they die and writes it down in a will.
An executor is like a helper who makes sure the instructions written in a will are
carried out. After a person dies and leaves behind a will, the executor is the person
named in the will to manage the distribution of the deceased person's property and
belongings according to the instructions in the will. It's like the executor is following the
deceased person's last wishes to make sure their property is given to the right people.
A grantor of a trust is the person who creates the trust and decides how their
assets should be managed and used for the benefit of someone else, called the
beneficiary. Think of it like a present that the grantor gives to the beneficiary to make
sure they are taken care of. The grantor picks someone they trust, called the trustee, to
make sure the present (the trust) is used in the way the grantor wanted.
A trustee is like a special helper who is in charge of making sure the trust is used
the way the grantor wanted. The trustee makes sure the beneficiary gets the benefits
from the trust, like a birthday present, and makes sure the rules set by the grantor are
followed. It's important for the trustee to be honest and responsible, because they are
taking care of something that was given to the beneficiary by the grantor.
Let's say you have a favorite toy that you love a lot. You want to make sure your
toy is taken care of and goes to someone who will love it as much as you do after you're
grown up. So you give your toy to your mom, who you trust a lot, and tell her to keep it
safe. Your mom is like the trustee, taking care of the toy for you. The person who gets to
play with the toy and enjoy it when you're all grown up is like the beneficiary. They get
to have fun with the toy because you wanted them to have it and took care of it for
them.
An indenture of a trust is like a set of rules for a special savings account. Just like
how you have rules for your piggy bank, a trust also has rules that tell the person who is
keeping the money safe (the trustee) what they can and can't do with the money. The
indenture of a trust is the written document that sets out these rules, like who the
money is for, when they can use it, and how they can use it. The indenture of a trust
makes sure that the money is used in the right way, just like how the rules for your piggy
bank make sure you save your money and use it wisely.
In equity, for a trust to be valid and enforceable, it must have four key
components:
1. Intention: The settlor must have a clear intention to create a trust and to transfer
their property and belongings into the trust. This intention must be express, either in
writing or verbally.
2. Subject Matter: There must be a clear subject matter that is being placed into the
trust. This subject matter is usually property or belongings that have some value.
3. Trust Property: There must be clear transfer of the subject matter into the trust.
This transfer can be accomplished by the settlor giving the subject matter directly to the
trustee, or by directing a third party to transfer the subject matter into the trust.
4. Beneficiary: There must be one or more beneficiaries who will benefit from the
trust. The beneficiaries must be clearly identified, either by name or by description, in
the trust instrument.
These four components are essential to the creation of a valid trust in equity. Without
one or more of these components, a trust may be considered invalid or unenforceable.
When a person's property and belongings are left to a child, the child does not
immediately become the owner of the property and belongings. Instead, the property
and belongings are held in trust for the child until they reach a certain age, known as the
"age of majority."
The age of majority is the age at which a person is considered an adult under the
law and is able to take control of their own property and belongings. This age is
different in different places, but in many places it is 18 years old.
When a child reaches the age of majority, their property and belongings "vest,"
or become theirs to control and use as they see fit. It's like a birthday present that the
child has been waiting for, and finally gets to open and enjoy.
This system of holding a child's property and belongings in trust until they reach
the age of majority is designed to protect the child's interests and make sure that the
property and belongings are used wisely and responsibly.
The Grantors/Guardians of the baby infant estate are the parents who also serve
as the executor/executrix of the infant baby estate and the grantor/trustees of the
private trust that is holding the infant baby grantor estate as the Trust property. The
estate vest into the baby when he/she reaches the age of majority or immediately
reverts back to the guardians of the estate, which would be the parents typically.
CHAPTER 2 - HUMANITY ENTRUSTED THE EARTH TO PUBLIC SERVANTS
Imagine that you have a toy box and you want to share it with your friends at
school but you're not sure if they can handle all the toys yet. So, you ask a teacher you
trust, to keep the toy box safe and give the toys to your friends when they are old
enough or when they need them. That's a bit like trust law.
In the United States, there are people called "public servants" like teachers and
police officers, who are trusted to take care of the country and its resources, like the
toys, and use them to help people. Like how the teacher you trust is responsible for
managing the toy box and giving the toys to the right people, Public servants are
responsible for managing the resources of the country and making sure they are used to
help people.
The U.S Constitution is like a set of rules that tells public servants what they can
and can't do, like how you have rules about taking care of the toy box and sharing the
toys with your friends.
It's a bit like when you are in charge of taking care of something, like a toy box,
and you have to make sure that you take good care of it and share it with others in a
responsible way, also you have to follow the rules. Public servants and the U.S.
Constitution help make sure that the country and its resources are taken care of and
shared in a responsible way too.
CHAPTER 3 -GOVERNMENT TRICKS ON THE CITIZENS
A birth certificate is a special paper that tells important information about you
when you were born. Like the day you were born, where you were born, and your
name. It's like a special story about you when you first came into the world. It's like a
diary that tells the government and other people important information about you
when you were born. It's something special that only you have, just like how you're
special and unique.
It’s important to understand a family Bible record is more valuable than the birth
certificate
A Social Security number is like a special code that the government gives to you
for the birth certificate so they know who it is. It's like a secret number that only you
and the government know. It's like a secret code that you use to do banking for the Birth
certificate . It's kind of like a digital fingerprint that only belongs to you for the birth
certificate .
A driver's license is like a special card that you get when you are old enough to
drive a car. It has your picture on it and tells people that you are allowed to drive. It's
like a special permission slip that lets you drive a car on the roads. It also has your name
and other information that tells people who you are, just like your birth certificate.
So while your birth certificate is like a special story book that tells where and
when you were born, your driver's license is like a special permission slip and ID card
that lets you drive a car and it also has some of your information like your name and
picture on it. This license is actually for the birth certificate
"God-given rights" refers to the certain rights and freedoms that are granted to
all people by god. These rights are considered to be fundamental and cannot be taken
away by any human authority.
"Permission" refers to when someone in authority allows you to do something.
For example, a parent might give their child permission to stay up late on a weekend, or
a teacher might give a student permission to use the restroom during class.
In simple terms, "God-given rights" are the rights that you have by just being a human,
and "permission" is when someone in charge lets you do something.
Do you see the conflict? The birth certificate, social security number, and drivers
license are instruments/permissions from the government to trick you into giving up
your God given rights.
CHAPTER 4- THE CONSUMER IN CREDITOR-DEBTOR WORLD
The consumer is the Birth certificate, drivers license, and Birth certificate. a
consumer is like you when you go to the store and buy something you want, like a toy or
a candy. The store is the provider of goods and you are the consumer who uses or buys
it. Or a consumer can be like when you go to a restaurant and order food, you are a
consumer and the restaurant is the provider of the service.
So in short, a consumer is someone who buys or uses products or services, and it
could be anyone. We consume products thru the consumer by using the social security
number, drivers license and birth certificate.
The government created the creditor-debtor public world for consumers.
A creditor is like a bank or a person who loans money to someone else, like a
friend who loans you money. The person who borrows the money is called the debtor.
The debtor has to give the money back to the creditor, usually with some extra
money called interest. It's like when you borrow a toy from a friend and you have to give
it back and sometimes you have to give something extra like a different toy to your
friend.
When someone borrows money from a bank or a friend, they make an
agreement about when they will give the money back and how much they will pay in
interest. If the debtor doesn't pay the money back on time, the creditor has the right to
take back the money, like a toy being taken back
Credit and debt are the same thing, you can’t have one without the other. You
don’t want to be the creditor or debtor, those are tricks from the government.
When you get a loan from the bank you have to fill out paperwork, it is that very
same paperwork that is considered private collateral. Those papers have private value
or worth and you exchange it for public credit or a public loan.
CHAPTER 5 -PUBLIC RIGHTS
Public rights are rights that everyone has access to, such as the right to free
speech or the right to a fair trial. These rights are protected by the government and
apply to all citizens.
Private rights are rights that belong to individuals or groups, such as the right to
own property or the right to privacy. These rights are protected by the legal system and
can be enforced through the courts.
You can explain it to your child like this: Public rights are like the rules at a
playground, everyone has to follow them and they are there to keep everyone safe.
Private rights are like the toys you own, they belong to you and you get to decide who
can play with them.
The Constitution is like a trust, and public servants are like the trustees. A trust is
a special agreement where someone is given the responsibility to take care of
something important for the benefit of others.
In this case, the Constitution is the trust that has been set up to protect the rights
and freedoms of the people of the country. Public servants, as trustees, have the
responsibility to make sure that the rules set out in the Constitution are followed and
upheld.
Just like a trustee has to be careful with the things they are trusted with, public
servants have to be careful to follow the rules in the Constitution and make sure that
they do what is best for the people they serve. If they don't follow the rules, they might
break the trust that has been placed in them.
The government has tricked you into acting as the consumer which is an office of
a public servant making all of your property public government instead of property of
private people. They have tricked you by getting you to voluntarily use the birth
certificate, drivers license and social security number.
CHAPTER 6 -SURETYSHIP
A creditor is someone or an organization who lends money to another person or
organization and expects to be paid back with interest. Think of a creditor like a person
who gives you a loan. Just like when you borrow money from your friend and you
promise to pay it back, when a person or organization borrows money from a creditor,
they also promise to pay it back. The creditor is the one who is owed the money and has
the right to be repaid.
A principal is the person in charge or the main person responsible for something.
In finance, the term "principal" is often used to refer to the amount of money that is
borrowed or invested. When you take out a loan, the principal is the amount of money
you borrow and is the starting point for calculating how much you'll need to pay back.
For example, let's say you borrow $100 from your friend. The $100 is the principal, and
the money you pay back will be the principal plus interest (an extra amount you pay
because you borrowed the money).
So, to explain it to a child, the principal is like the main amount of money that
you borrow or invest, and the interest is like an extra amount you have to pay for the
privilege of borrowing or using that money.
A surety is like a promise made by one person to make sure another person does
what they are supposed to do. For example, if a friend borrows a toy from another
friend, the first friend might ask their parent (the surety) to promise to give the toy back
if they don't. The parent is the surety and is responsible for making sure the promise is
kept.
A surety is like a backup plan when someone borrows money. Let's say that your
friend Johnny wants to borrow some money from the bank. The bank wants to make
sure that Johnny will pay the money back, so they ask Johnny's friend Sally to promise,
or act as a "surety," to pay back the money if Johnny can't.
So, Johnny is the person who borrowed the money who is the principal debtor,
the bank is the creditor who loaned the money, Sally is the surety in this case.
Imagine that you and your friend are playing at a park and your friend wants to
play on the big slide but they are not tall enough. You, being taller, can play on the slide.
So you tell your friend that you will go first, and you will make sure that they are safe
and can play on the slide too. This is like suretyship, where one person (the surety) helps
another person (the principal) by promising to make sure that something happens or
that a debt is paid.
In simple terms, Suretyship is when one person helps another person by
promising to make sure that something happens or that a debt is paid.
Equitable subrogation is a legal concept that is used when one person pays off
another person's debt, and then takes that person's place in being able to collect the
debt.
Imagine that your friend has a toy that you really want, but they borrowed it
from someone else and haven't returned it yet. You offer to pay the person that your
friend borrowed the toy from, and in exchange, you get to keep the toy. That's like
equitable subrogation - you "step into the shoes" of the person who was owed the toy,
and you can now collect the debt (the toy) from your friend.
Another example is when your family is building a new house and the contractor
doing the work borrows money from a bank to pay for the materials and labor. But after
the work is done, the contractor can't pay back the bank. If your family pays off the bank
loan for the contractor, you can use the legal concept of equitable subrogation to claim
the rights of the bank and require the contractor to pay you back instead.
A surety is someone who promises to pay money or do something if another
person doesn't do it. Suretyship is a legal agreement between three parties: the
principal (the person who is responsible for paying or doing something), the obligee (the
person who is owed the money or needs the thing done), and the surety (the person
who promises to pay or do it if the principal doesn't).
Now, substitution is when the surety is replaced by another person or thing. For
example, imagine that your friend borrows your toy and promises to return it, but
you're worried that they might not give it back. You ask your other friend to be a surety
and promise that if your first friend doesn't return the toy, your other friend will give
you a different toy instead. This is like substitution in suretyship. The first friend is the
principal, you are the obligee, and the second friend is the surety. If the first friend
doesn't return the toy, the second friend will substitute by giving you a different toy
instead.
Another example is when a company gets a loan from a bank, and the bank asks
for a surety. The company asks another company to be the surety and to promise to pay
the loan if the first company doesn't. If the first company can't pay the loan, the second
company will step in and pay it instead. This is a substitution of surety.
Imagine you have a toy that you lend to your friend, but you're worried that they
might not return it, so you ask your other friend to be a surety and promise to give them
a toy of their own if your first friend doesn't return the toy to you.
Now, let's say your first friend returns the toy as promised. In this case, your
second friend (the surety) is exonerated from their obligations, they don't need to give
you a toy anymore, and they are released from any further obligations related to the
toy. Similarly, in suretyship, when the principal (the person who is primarily responsible
for the obligation) fulfills their obligation, the surety is released from any further
obligations and is said to be exonerated.
Another example is when a company gets a loan from a bank, and the bank asks
for a surety. The company asks another company to be the surety and to promise to pay
the loan if the first company doesn't. If the first company pays the loan, the second
company is exonerated from their obligations and doesn't have to pay the loan.
Exoneration is important, as it means that the surety is no longer responsible and can't
be held liable for the obligation once it's been fulfilled.
Let's say your toy car got broken by your friend while they were playing with it.
Your friend's parents agree to pay to fix the toy car. In this scenario, you are giving up
your right to get the toy car fixed as the subrogor, and your friend's parents are taking
over that right as the subrogee.
Another way to think of it is like a game of "hot potato." You had the toy car and
were responsible for getting it fixed as the subrogor, but you passed that responsibility
(the "hot potato") to your friend's parents. Now, they are responsible for getting the toy
car fixed as the subrogee. This is similar to the legal concept of subrogation where one
person or company takes over the rights and responsibilities of another person or
company.
Equitable subrogation is a legal doctrine that allows a surety who has paid off a
debt to take the place of the original creditor and assert their rights against the debtor.
In the context of a car loan and financial securities, equitable subrogation can occur
when you pay off the outstanding car loan balance on behalf of your friend and then
seeks to recover the amount paid from your friend’s financial securities, that secured
him in the deal with the original creditor. Equity sees the the original creditor as having
the securities held in trust for the benefit of the surety. An assignment of the securities
to the stage surety as beneficiary is done in order to ensure that you are adequately
secured and protected against the borrower's debt. The principle behind equitable
subrogation is that it is fair and just to allow the party who has stepped in to pay off the
debt to be in a better position than the original creditor
Let's say you, your friend, and two other friends were all part of a plan to help
pay back a debt your friend owed to the bank. This is called being a surety.
If you end up being the one who has to pay back the debt, you have the right to
ask the other friends who were also part of the surety plan to help pay you back for the
money you paid. This is called reimbursement.
However, whether or not you can actually get the other friends to pay you back
will depend on the agreement you all made when you became part of the surety plan.
It's important to understand what you agreed to before you become part of a surety
plan.
In simple terms, if you have to pay back the debt for your friend, you have the
right to ask for help paying back the debt from the other friends who were also part of
the surety plan, but it depends on what you all agreed to.
"Idem sonans" is a Latin phrase that means "sounding the same." It's used to describe
words or names that are spelled differently, but sound the same when spoken. For
example, "flower" and "flour" are idem sonans because they sound the same when you
say them, even though they are spelled differently and have different meanings.
An easy way to explain it to a child would be, "It's like when you play with blocks and
you spell "cat" with blocks, but then you put different blocks on top to spell "bat" but it
still sounds the same when you say it".
CHAPTER 7 -TRUST MERGER
The doctrine of merger in trust law can occur in several ways:
1. When the grantor of a trust also becomes the sole beneficiary, the trust and the
grantor's ownership of the assets in the trust merge together. This means that
the trust is no longer necessary and the grantor has full control over the assets.
2. When the beneficiaries of a trust are also the trustees, the trust and the
beneficiaries' ownership of the assets in the trust merge together. This means
that the trust is no longer necessary and the beneficiaries have full control over
the assets.
3. When the grantor of a trust is also the sole trustee, the trust and the grantor's
ownership of the assets in the trust merge together. This means that the trust is
no longer necessary and the grantor has full control over the assets.
4. When the terms of the trust and the grantor's will are identical, the trust and the
will merge together. This means that the trust is no longer necessary and the will
controls the distribution of the assets.
Here’s a more simplistic and relatable scenarios as it relates to merger.
1. Imagine you put some toys in a box and tell your child that they can't play with
them until next year. But then, you decide that you don't want to wait and you
take the toys out of the box. The box and the toys inside it are no longer
necessary because you, the person who put the toys in the box, also became the
only person who can play with them.
2. Imagine you and your friends put some snacks in a container and decide that only
you and your friends can eat them. But then, you and your friends are the only
ones who want to eat the snacks. The container and the snacks inside it are no
longer necessary because you and your friends, the people who put the snacks in
the container, also became the only people who can eat them.
3. Imagine you put some money in a piggy bank and decide that you can't use the
money until next month. But then, you decide that you don't want to wait and
you take the money out of the piggy bank. The piggy bank and the money inside
it are no longer necessary because you, the person who put the money in the
piggy bank, also became the only person who can use the money.
4. saying that they will get a toy next month. But then, you decide to give the toy to
your child right away. The letter is no longer necessary because you already gave
the toy to your child.
CHAPTER 8 -BANK OPERATION
Imagine you need to borrow $100 from Your friend. Your friend says he needs
collateral to secure the $100 loan just in case you can’t pay it back. Once you pack back
the loan your friend will release a commercial title (inferior) to the watch back to you.
You agree and hand over your watch with a value of $100 As collateral.
This is how banks operate. Instead of a watch, you give a promissory note as
collateral. Typically we as people don’t understand this transaction we never claim and
protect our collateral and the bank assumes we no longer want it anymore so they use it
as private money while at the same time issuing a loan to you as if you never have them
collateral at all and once you pay back the loan, you receive a fake title to collateral or a
certificate of settlement
In more simple terms, you freely give away your watch to your friend and in
return your friend gives you a loan for $100 and tells you the terms are you have to pay
it back or he will sue you and that he is keeping the watch no matter if you pay back the
loan or not. You accept the terms and receive the $100. This is how bank operate daily.
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