1. Which of the following enzymes are not involved in galactose metabolism?

(a) Galactokinase
(b) Glucokinase
(c) Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase
(d) UDP-Galactose 4- epimerase
Sol. (b) Glucokinase.
2. Which of the following enzymes leads to a glycogen storage disease known as Tarui’s
disease?
(a) Glucokinase
(b) Pyruvate Kinase
(c) Phosphofructokinase
(d) Phosphoglucomutase
Sol. (c) Phosphofructokinase.
3. Which of the following enzymes is defective in galactosemia- a fatal genetic disorder in
infants?
(a) Glucokinase
(b) Galactokinase
(c) UDP-Galactose 4- epimerase
(d) Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase
Sol. (d) Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase.
4. Which of the following enzyme deficiency leads to hemolytic anaemia?
(a) Glucokinase
(b) Pyruvate Kinase
(c) Phosphoglucomutase
(d) Phosphofructokinase
Sol. (b) Pyruvate Kinase.
5. Which of the following glucose transporters are important in fructose transport in the
intestine?
(a) GLUT5
(b) GLUT3
(c) GLUT4
(d) GLUT7
Sol. (a) GLUT5.
6. Which of the following is a tricarboxylic acid?
(a) Acetic acid
(b) Succinic acid
(c) Oxaloacetic acid
(d) Citric acid
Sol.(d) Citric acid.
7. Which of the following enzymes plays an important role in tumour metabolism?
(a) Glucokinase
(b) Pyruvate Kinase M2
(c) Phosphoglucomutase
(d) Phosphofructokinase
Sol. (b) Pyruvate Kinase M2.
8. Which of the following metabolites negatively regulates pyruvate kinase?

1.

(a) Citrate
(b) Alanine
(c) Acetyl CoA
(d) Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate
Sol. (b) Alanine
9. The glycerol phosphate shuttle functions in___________.
(a) Lipid catabolism
(b) Triglyceride synthesis
(c) Anaerobic glycolysis for the regeneration of NAD
(d) Aerobic glycolysis to transport NADH equivalents resulting from glycolysis into mitochondria.
Sol. (d) Aerobic glycolysis to transport NADH equivalents resulting from glycolysis into
mitochondria.
10. In muscles, the pyruvate is converted into lactate. Find the correct statement
(a) During lactate formation, NADH is reconverted into NAD
(b) During the product of lactate two ATP are produced
(c) Lactate is the substrate from the downstream pathway
(d) Lactate acts as the substrate for the formation of amino acid
Sol. (a) During lactate formation, NADH is reconverted into NAD.
11. Which of the following glycolytic enzyme is inhibited by an accumulation of long-chain
fatty acid in the liver?
(a) Glucokinase
(b) Hexokinase
(a) Pyruvate kinase
(d) Phosphofructokinase
Sol. (a) Glucokinase.
12. Which of the following statements is known as the rate-limiting step in glycolysis?
(a) Enolase
(b) Phosphofructokinase
(c) Phosphohexose isomerase
(d) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Sol. (b) Phosphofructokinase.
13. Which of the following hormones decreases blood glucose and increases the uptake
of glucose in various tissues like skeletal muscle, adipose tissues?
(a) Insulin
(b) Cortisol
(a) Glucagon
(d) Epinephrine
Sol. (a) Insulin.
14. What is the net gain of ATP during the conversion of glucose to pyruvate?
(a) 2 ATP
(b) 4 ATP
(c) 6 ATP
(d) 1 ATP +1 GTP
Sol. (a) 2 ATP.
15. Which of the following hormones is responsible for increasing gluconeogenesis in the
liver during prolonged starvation?
(a) TSH
(b) Insulin
(c) Thyroxine
(d) Glucagon
Sol. (d) Glucagon.
16. How many total molecules of ATP are synthesized from ADP via glycolysis of a single
molecule of glucose?
(a) 36
(b) I38
(c) 2
(d) 4

17 Name the pathway for glucose synthesis by non-carbohydrate precursors?

a)Glycogenesis
b)Glycolysis
c)Gluconeogenesis
d)Glycogenolysis
View Answer
18What is the site for gluconeogenesis?
a)Liver
b)Blood
c)Muscles
d)Brain
View Answer

19 Which of the following is not the precursor of gluconeogenesis?

a) Glycolytic products
b) Citric acid cycle intermediates
c) Glucogenic amino acid
d) Lysine or leucine
View Answer

20 Name the enzyme which is responsible for the conversion of pyruvate to

phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)?
a) Pyruvate carboxylase
b) Pyruvate carboxykinase
c) Glucose 6-phosphatase
d) Phosphofructokinase
View Answer

21. Gluconeogenesis is also carried out in muscle and brain.

a) True
b) False
View Answer

22 Which of the following are major sites for glycogen storage?

a) Adipose tissue
b) Bones
c) Muscle and liver
d) Kidney and liver
View Answer

23. Which of the following is the precursor of glycogen?

a) Glycerol 3-phosphate
b) Malate
c) UDP-glucose
d) Leucine and lysine
View Answer

24 The priming function in glycogen synthesis is carried out by_________

a) Lysine
b) Arginine
c) Glycogenin
d) Glutamate
View Answer

25 Name the enzyme which is used for branching of glycogen?

a) Branching enzyme
b) Hexokinase
c) Phosphoglucomutase
d) Glycogen synthase
View Answer

26 Which of the following hormone maintain blood glucose level by activation of

gluconeogenesis?
a) Nor-epinephrine
b) Glucagon
c) Insulin
d) Epinephrine
View Answer

27 Name the hormone which is secreted in an emergency or in stress condition?

a) Epinephrine
b) Glucagon
c) Insulin
d) Melanin
View Answer

Question 28

Which one of the following is a definition of glycaemic index?

a) The decrease in blood glucagon concentration after
consuming a food compared with that after consuming an
equivalent amount of white bread.
b) The increase in blood glucose concentration after
consuming the food.
c) The increase in blood glucose concentration after
consuming the food compared with that after consuming an
equivalent amount of white bread.
d) The increase in blood insulin concentration after consuming
the food.

e) The increase in blood insulin concentration after consuming

the food compared with that after consuming an equivalent
amount of white bread.

Question 29

A blood sample is taken from a 45 year old man after he has broken his
overnight fast by eating three slices of toast and a boiled egg. Which
one of the following will be at a higher concentration than if the blood
sample had been taken before breakfast?
 a) Alanine
b) Glucose
c) Glucagon
d) Ketone bodies

e) Non-esterified (free) fatty acids

Question 30

A 20 year old student who has recently arrived in Britain from Sudan
visits the university health centre to complain of abdominal cramps
and diarrhoea after drinking milk. Which of the following is the most
likely cause of his problem?
a) Bacterial and yeast overgrowth in the small intestine
b) Infection with the intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia
c) Lack of pancreatic amylase
d) Lack of small intestinal lactase

e) Lack of small intestinal sucrase-isomaltase

Question 31

Which of the following statements about glucose metabolism is

correct?
a) All of the reactions of glycolysis are freely reversible for
gluconeogenesis.
b) Fructose cannot be used for gluconeogenesis in the liver.
c) Glycolysis can proceed in the absence of oxygen only if
pyruvate is formed from lactate in muscle.
d) Red blood cells can catalyse aerobic glycolysis because
they contain oxygen bound to haemoglobin.

e) Red blood cells can only metabolise glucose by anaerobic

glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway.

Question 32
Which of the following statements about glycogen metabolism is
correct?
a) A key step in the synthesis of glycogen is the formation of
UDP-glucose
b) In muscle in the fasting state, glycogen is broken down to
glucose 6-phosphate, then free glucose.
c) Glycogen is stored mainly in the liver and brain.
d) Insulin inhibits the synthesis of glycogen.

e) Glucagon increases the synthesis of glycogen

Question 33

Which of the following will provide the main fuel for muscle contraction
during short-term intense activity such as sprinting?
a) Muscle triacylglycerol
b) Plasma free fatty acids
c) Plasma triacylglycerol in VLDL
d) Muscle glycogen

e) Plasma glucose

Question 34

Which of the following cannot be a substrate for gluconeogenesis?

a) Glutamic acid
b) Aspartic acid
c) Palmitic acid
d) Glycerol

e) Galactose

Question 35

Which of the following statements about glucose metabolism is

correct?
a) Glucagon increases the rate of glycolysis
b) Glycolysis requires NADP +
 c) In glycolysis, glucose is cleaved into two three-carbon
products
d) The end-product of glycolysis in red blood cells is pyruvate

e) Glycogen is synthesised in the liver in response to insulin

and exported to other tissues for use as a metabolic fuel

Question 36

Which of the following is the yield of ATP from complete oxidation of

glucose to carbon dioxide and water?

a) 10
b) 20
c) 25
d) 30

e) 32

Question 37

Which of the following will have the lowest glycaemic index?

a) A baked apple
b) A baked potato
c) A raw apple
d) A raw potato

e) Apple juice

38. Which of the following enzymes are not involved in galactose metabolism?
(a) Galactokinase
(b) Glucokinase
(c) Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase
(d) UDP-Galactose 4- epimerase

Answer
39 Which of the following enzymes leads to a glycogen storage disease known as
Tarui’s disease?
(a) Glucokinase
(b) Pyruvate Kinase
(c) Phosphofructokinase
(d) Phosphoglucomutase

Answer

40 Which of the following enzymes is defective in galactosemia- a fatal genetic

disorder in infants?
(a) Glucokinase
(b) Galactokinase
(c) UDP-Galactose 4- epimerase
(d) Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase

Answer

41. Which of the following enzyme deficiency leads to hemolytic anaemia?

(a) Glucokinase
(b) Pyruvate Kinase
(c) Phosphoglucomutase
(d) Phosphofructokinase

Answer

42 Which of the following glucose transporters are important in fructose transport in

the intestine?
(a) GLUT5
(b) GLUT3
(c) GLUT4
(d) GLUT7
Answer

43 Which of the following is a tricarboxylic acid?

(a) Acetic acid
(b) Succinic acid
(c) Oxaloacetic acid
(d) Citric acid

Answer

44. Which of the following enzymes plays an important role in tumour metabolism?
(a) Glucokinase
(b) Pyruvate Kinase M2
(c) Phosphoglucomutase
(d) Phosphofructokinase

Answer

45. Which of the following metabolites negatively regulates pyruvate kinase?

(a) Citrate
(b) Alanine
(c) Acetyl CoA
(d) Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate

Answer

46. The glycerol phosphate shuttle functions in___________.

(a) Lipid catabolism
(b) Triglyceride synthesis
(c) Anaerobic glycolysis for the regeneration of NAD
(d) Aerobic glycolysis to transport NADH equivalents resulting from glycolysis into
mitochondria.

Answer

47. In muscles, the pyruvate is converted into lactate. Find the correct statement
(a) During lactate formation, NADH is reconverted into NAD
(b) During the product of lactate two ATP are produced
(c) Lactate is the substrate from the downstream pathway
(d) Lactate acts as the substrate for the formation of amino acid

Answer

48. Which of the following glycolytic enzyme is inhibited by an accumulation of long-

chain fatty acid in the liver?
(a) Glucokinase
(b) Hexokinase
(c) Pyruvate kinase
(d) Phosphofructokinase

Answer

49. Which of the following statements is known as the rate-limiting step in glycolysis?
(a) Enolase
(b) Phosphofructokinase
(c) Phosphohexose isomerase
(d) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Answer
50. Which of the following hormones decreases blood glucose and increases the
uptake of glucose in various tissues like skeletal muscle, adipose tissues?
(a) Insulin
(b) Cortisol
(c) Glucagon
(d) Epinephrine

Answer

51. What is the net gain of ATP during the conversion of glucose to pyruvate?
(a) 2 ATP
(b) 4 ATP
(c) 6 ATP
(d) 1 ATP +1 GTP

Answer

52. Which of the following hormones is responsible for increasing gluconeogenesis in

the liver during prolonged starvation?
(a) TSH
(b) Insulin
(c) Thyroxine
(d) Glucagon

Answer

53. Name the most active organs in the animal body which have the ability to synthesize
triacylglycerol?
a) Spleen
b) Kidney
c) Liver and intestines
d) Adipose tissues
View Answer

54. Triacylglycerol stored in the body as cytoplasmic lipid droplets.

a) True
b) False
View Answer

55Which of the following pathway is not used for triacylglycerol synthesis?

a) Glycerol 3-phosphate pathway
b) Glyoxylate pathway
c) Monoacylglycerol pathway
d) Kennedy pathway
View Answer

56. Which of the following enzyme is not used in the synthesis of triacylglycerol?
a) Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase
b) Acylglycerophophate acyltransferase
c) Phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase
d) Glycogen phosphorylase
View Answer

57. What is lipolysis?

a) Hydrolysis of triacylglycerol
b) Formation of lipids
c) Breakdown of ketone bodies
d) Formation of ketone bodies
View Answer

58. Which of the following hormone is not used in the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol into the
fatty acids in adipose tissues?
a) Epinephrine
b) Norepinephrine
c) Glucagon
d) Insulin
View Answer

59. Mark the INCORRECT statement about the bile salt.

a) These are detergent substances
b) Stored in the gallbladder
c) It is hydrophobic in nature
d) It is made up of cholic acid
View Answer

60. Triacylglycerol packed with the apolipoprotein and cholesterol in lipoprotein

aggregate is called_________
a) Chylomicrons
b) VLDL
c) HDL
d) LDL
View Answer

61. What is the outcome of the accumulation of acetyl-CoA in the mitochondria of the
liver?
a) It is used as an energy source
b) It has broken down in to free fatty acids
c) It gets converted to oxaloacetate
d) It forms ketone bodies
View Answer

62. Name the energy source of the brain during starvation?

a) Fat
b) Ketone bodies
c) Protein
d) Lipids
View Answer

63. What is the biosynthetic source of all steroid hormones?

a) Cholesterol
b) Ketone bodies
c) Carbohydrate
d) Protein
View Answer

Question 64

What are the functions of dietary fat?

a) Provide energy to the body

b) Form part of cellular membranes

c) Cell signalling

d) All options given are correct

Question 64

Which membrane fatty acids are precursors for eicosanoids?

a) C20 and C22 saturated fatty acids

b) C18 and C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids

c) C20 and C22 monounsaturated fatty acids

d) C20 and C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Question 65
Which of the following statements about plasma lipoproteins is correct?
a) They have a hydrophobic core of triacylglycerol and cholesterol esters

b) They have a hydrophobic core of phospholipids and free cholesterol

c) They have a hydrophilic core of triacylglycerol and cholesterol esters

d) They have a hydrophobic core of phospholipid and apolipoproteins

Question 66

Which are the FIVE main series of apoproteins that have been
identified?
a) apoA, apoB, apoC, apoD, and apoE

b) apoA, apo(a), apoB, apoC and apoE

c) apoA, apoB, apoC, apo E, and apoL

d) apoB, apoC, apoD, apoE and apoM

Question 67

Which of the following lipoproteins is produced via the exogenous

lipoprotein pathway?
a) High density lipoproteins

b) Very low density lipoproteins

c) Chylomicrons

d) Low density lipoproteins

Question 68

The Atherogenic Lipoprotein Phenotype (ALP) is a collection of which

lipoprotein abnormalities?
 a) Reduced levels of HDL, a high proportion of small dense LDL and raised
triglycerides

b) Reduced levels of HDL, a high proportion of small dense LDL and normal
triglycerides

c) Raised levels of HDL, a high proportion of small dense LDL and raised
triglycerides

d) Reduced levels of HDL, a low proportion of small dense LDL and raised
triglycerides

Question 69

The amount and composition of dietary fat are important factors for
influencing blood lipid metabolism. Which of the following statements
is correct?
a) Replacement of saturated fatty acids with n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids
is associated with a reduction in plasma triglyceride concentrations

b) Replacement of saturated fatty acids with monounsaturated fatty acids is

associated with an increase in LDL cholesterol

c) Consumption of soluble dietary fibre and plant stanols/sterols is

associated with a significant increases in LDL cholesterol

d) Replacement of saturated fatty acids with large amounts of carbohydrate

is associated with decreased LDL and increased plasma triglyceride
concentrations

Question 70

Which of the following statements is correct regarding intracellular fat

metabolism?
a) The mechanism by which non-esterified fatty acids are taken up by cells
is by diffusion only.

b) The mechanism by which non-esterified fatty acids are taken up by cells

is by a combination of diffusion and carrier-mediated transport involving fatty
acid binding, translocase and transport proteins.
 c) The mechanism by which non-esterified fatty acids are taken up by cells
is by a combination of diffusion and carrier-mediated transport involving fatty
acid esterification, synthesis and transport proteins.

d) The mechanism by which non-esterified fatty acids are taken up by cells

is by carrier-mediated transport only involving fatty acid binding, translocase and
transport proteins.

Question 71

De novo fatty acid synthesis usually signifies which of the following?

a) An excess of fat intake

b) A depletion of energy yielding substrates

c) Only occurs with prolonged fasting

d) An excess of energy yielding substrates

Question 72

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding fatty acid ß-

oxidation?
a) The major site of fatty acid ß-oxidation is the peroxisomes, the
mitochondria also contain enzymes for this pathway

b) Within the liver peroxisomes serve to oxidise very long chain fatty acids
to medium chain products

c) The rate of b-oxidation is regulated by the availability of fatty acids and

the rate of utilisation of b-oxidation products

d) Peroxisomes are the site for the degradation of xenobiotics and

eicosanoids

Question 73

Which of the following rules regarding the interconversion of fuels are

central to the integration of metabolic pathways?
 a) Fatty acids can be made from and converted to carbohydrates and amino
acids

b) Carbohydrates can be made from and converted to amino acids and fatty
acids

c) Fatty acids can be made from but not converted to carbohydrates and
amino acids

d) Amino acids can be made from and converted to fatty acids

Question 74

After consumption of a mixed meal, a complex cascade of events takes

place that integrates fat metabolism at the whole body level. Which of
the following is correct?
a) Consumption of a meal leads to suppression of lipase activity within
adipose tissue leading to a decrease in plasma NEFA concentrations

b) Adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase is activated by insulin and therefore is

most active following meal consumption

c) During the postprandial period the VLDL synthesis pathway is suppressed

in favour of hydrolysis of chylomicrons

d) All options given are correct

75) The following require cholesterol EXCEPT

a) Bile acid synthesis
b) Steroid hormone synthesis
c) Membrane fluidity
d) Thyroid hormone synthesis

76) Which of the following lipid act as lungs surfactant?

a) Phosphatidylcholine
b) Phosphatidylethanolamine
c) Ceramide
d) Phosphatidylinositol

76) Which of the following is simple lipid?

a) Lecithin
b) Fatty acid
c) Triacylglycerol
d) Steroids

77) All of the following is complex lipids, except

a) Phosphatidic acid
b) Cerebroside
c) Cardiolipin
d) Cholesterol

78) Which of the following is essential fatty acid?

a) Linolenic acid
b) Arachidonic acid
c) Oleic acid
d) Palmitic acid

79) Bile acid is derived from:

a) Cholesterol
b) Amino acids
c) Fatty acids
d) Bilirubin

80) Which of the following lipid is mostly present in mitochondrial membranes?

a) Lecithin
b) Cephalin
c) Cardiolipin
d) Ceramide

81) Insulin enhances the uptake of triacylglycerols in adipose tissues. Which of

the following enzyme is activated that facilitates the uptake?
a) Hormone-sensitive lipase
b) Lipoprotein lipase
c) LCAT
d) Apo C-II

82) Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic disorder of lipid metabolism. The

defect lies in
a) Transport of cholesterol from extrahepatic tissue to the liver
b) Impairment of cholesterol degradative pathway
c) Impairment of uptake of cholesterol by tissues
d) Impairment of HDL metabolism due to deficiency of Apo-A

83) Which of the following inhibits acetyl CoA carboxylase- a rate-limiting

enzyme of fatty metabolism?
a) Citrate
b) ATP
c) Malonyl CoA
d) Acyl CoA

84. Identify the purine base of nucleic acids in the following.

a) Cytosine
b) Thymine
c) Uracil
d) Adenine
View Answer
85. Which of the following are not the components of RNA?
a) Thymine
b) Adenine
c) Guanine
d) Cytosine
View Answer

86 Which of the following statements is true?

a) Sugar component of a nucleotide is ribose
b) Sugar component of a nucleotide is deoxyribose
c) The bases in nucleotides are attached to a pentose sugar moiety by a glycosidic
linkage
d) The sugar molecule of the nucleotide is in L-configuration
View Answer

87. What is the composition of nucleoside?

a) a sugar + a phosphate
b) a base + a sugar
c) a base + a phosphate
d) a base + a sugar + phosphate
View Answer

88. What is the composition of nucleotide?

a) a sugar + a phosphate
b) a base + a sugar
c) a base + a phosphate
d) a base + a sugar + phosphate
View Answer

89. Group of adjacent nucleotides are joined by ____________

a) Phosphodiester bond
b) Peptide bond
c) Ionic bond
d) Covalent bond
View Answer

90. The sugar molecule in a nucleotide is ____________

a) Pentose
b) Hexose
c) Tetrose
d) Triose
View Answer

91. Which of the following is true about phosphodiester linkage?

a) 5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the next
nucleotide
b) 3’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 5’-hydroxyl group of the next
nucleotide
c) 5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 5’-hydroxyl group of the next
nucleotide
d) 3’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the next
nucleotide
View Answer

92. Which of the following is false about purine and pyrimidine bases?
a) They are hydrophobic and relatively insoluble in water at the near-neutral pH of the
cell
b) At acidic or alkaline pH the bases become charged and their solubility in water
increases
c) Purines have two rings in their structure, but pyrimidine bases have only one ring
d) At acidic or alkaline pH the bases become charged and their solubility in water
decreases
View Answer

93. Building blocks of nucleic acids are ____________

a) Nucleotides
b) Nucleosides
c) Amino acids
d) Histones
View Answer

94. A phosphodiester bond is present in

(a) Nucleic acids in a nucleotide
(b) Monosaccharides in a polysaccharide
(c) Amino acids in a polypeptide
(d) Fatty acids in a diglyceride

95. Uridine present in RNA is

(a) nucleotides
(b) pyrimidine
(c) purine
(d) nucleoside

96. Nucleic acids are a polymer of nucleotide monomeric units. Each nucleotide consists
of
(a) base-sugar-OH
(b) sugar-phosphate
(c) base-sugar-phosphate
(d) (base-sugar-phosphate)x

97. A DNA segment contains 100 Adenine and 100 cytosines, how many nucleotides are
present in the segment?
(a) 100
(b) 200
(c) 400
(d) 50
98. Nucleoside contains
(a) base-sugar
(b) base-phosphate
(c) base-sugar-phosphate
(d) sugar-phosphate

99. ATP is a
(a) nucleoside
(b) nucleotide
(c) vitamin
(d) nucleic acid

100. Find the correct statement about phosphodiester linkage between adjacent
nucleotides in nucleic acids
(a) 3’-phosphate of one nucleotide joins the 3’-hydroxyl of the next nucleotide
(b) 3’-phosphate of one nucleotide joins the 5’-hydroxyl of the next nucleotide
(c) 5’-phosphate of one nucleotide joins the 5’-hydroxyl of the next nucleotide
(d) 5’-phosphate of one nucleotide joins the 3’-hydroxyl of the next nucleotide