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Map & Swiper
Dora Boots
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Backpack Ira
Ylai Chin & Nica
FOUNDATION
OF
CHRISTIAN MORALITY
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Timeline
Point 3
Point 1
Point 2
Point 4
KING SOLOMON
UNDERSTANDING
MORAL THEOLOGY THE NATURAL LAW AND SAINT AUGUSTINE
CONSCIENCE
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Moral
Theology
Moral Theology
Moral theology is a field of theological studies that
applies central Christian beliefs to the problems of the
world we live in. This approach to faith informs the day-
to-day lives of the faithful, guiding their choices,
decisions, actions, and reactions to events and
challenges, from grand to minuscule. In short, moral
theology provides principles for living in accordance
with God's word.
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Teachings of moral theology
Whether in or outside of a religious context, all
moral acts comprise three elements:
1. What: The act itself (objective)
2. Why: The intention of the act (subjective)
3. Where, when, how, with/to whom, and the
consequences: The context of the act Catholic
morality provides a framework for determining
whether an act is right or wrong, good or bad, in
or out of alignment with Christ's teachings.
Concepts of moral theology
Freedom – God gave us free will to choose between
right and wrong.
Truth – We are called to seek the truth, especially the
truth about God and ourselves.
Natural Law – This is the idea that we naturally know
what’s good, like loving others or protecting life.
Human Law – These are the rules in society that should
reflect justice and protect human dignity.
Conscience – This is our inner voice, given by God, that
helps us judge what is right and wrong.
..
Principles of moral theology
BASIC MORAL TEACHINGS OF CHRIST
What do Christ and his disciples say that relates to the issue?
Thinking critically, what did they mean?
RELATED DEVELOPMENTS
Has the Church changed its guidance on this issue over the
centuries?
HUMAN NATURE
How does this moral issue interact with the basic facts of our
existence? Is our decision, action, behavior, or attitude in line with
how God created us (in His image)?
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Principles of moral theology .-
BASIC MORAL TEACHINGS OF CHRIST
What do Christ and his disciples say that relates to the issue?
Thinking critically, what did they mean?
RELATED DEVELOPMENTS
Has the Church changed its guidance on this issue over the
centuries?
HUMAN NATURE
How does this moral issue interact with the basic facts of our
existence? Is our decision, action, behavior, or attitude in line with
how God created us (in His image)?
”Swiper no
Swiping”
--.
“What are the
teachings of Moral
Theology?”
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Select
CONTINUATION OF THE NATURAL LAW KING SOLOMON &
THE PRINCIPLE OF AND CONSCIENCE SAINT AUGUSTINE
MORAL THEOLOGY
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DORA’S MAP
TO MAKING
GOOD
CHOICES
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ANSWER 3 BIG QUESTIONS
STEP 1 TO CROSS THE RIVER
WALK THROUGH THE
STEP 2 CACTUS STREET
STEP 3 LAND OF GOOD CHOICES
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...
PRINCPLES OF MORAL
THEOLOGY
HUMAN DIGNITY
Does this issue — or our decision, action, behavior, or attitude toward
it — embody and engender respect for others made in the image of
God?
COMMON GOOD
How does a particular decision, action, behavior, or attitude
contribute to or detract from the good of humankind as a whole?
FREEDOM
Does a particular action or behavior allow someone to live freely in
accordance with their nature? Does the action or behavior impede
their growth as a human being? Are they essentially living in harmony
with God’s plan while exercising their free will?
As Catholics living in the 21st century, we should remain open to the fact that the Church will declare new moral
teachings in our lifetime, while always adhering to the received tradition.
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CHALLENGES
TO MORAL
THEOLOGY
Catholics who feel challenged by new papal statements or reforms (such as Vatican II) might presume the Church is
“caving” to societal pressures or changing in an attempt to attract new followers. However, this presumes that the Church
is making decisions that are not founded in reason, revelation, and careful study of the scripture — the very blueprint for
moral theology.
See overview: University of San Diego – Master of Theological Studies
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HOW TO LIVE A
MORAL LIFE?
moral lampposts to light our way through life, we are often called upon to navigate the shadows in between using our
own discretion. Every person’s journey will look different, but by following some basic guidelines, we can ensure we are
living a moral life in God’s light, whether at work, at home, in church, or in our community.
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LOVE ABOVE ALL ELSE
The source of all Catholic morality is love — God’s love for us, ours
for Him, love for our neighbor, love of all creation. When we allow
ourselves to be led by love, we cannot live an immoral life.
EXERCISE MERCY & PATIENCE
You will not agree with everyone you meet in your lifetime. If
someone follows a different moral code, it is not your job to change
them — rather, be a positive representative of your faith by showing
them kindness and compassion. If you meet someone attempting to
make a moral change, express solidarity with their journey.
DON’T USE MORALITY AS A
WEAPON
Moral teachings should never be used to oppress others. Use them
to educate, enlighten, empower, invite, and understand.
EMBODY VIRTUE
Virtues such as generosity, charity, fortitude, purity, compassion,
honesty, self-discipline, and others guide our behavior and help us to
avoid sin and immoral acts. These virtues are gifts from God that
help us live out our faith and be of service to others. When we
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practice virtuous acts and recognize the virtues in those around us,
we become the moral beacons God intends us to be.
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QUESTION 1
What are the three important "stops" on the
Map that help us live a moral life?
QUESTION 2
When faced with tricky or confusing
situations, like modern moral challenges,
how can we use the Church’s “compass” to
find the right path?
QUESTION 3
Imagine you're at “Virtue Valley” — which virtue do
you think is most important in your life right now?
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THE NATURAL LAW
AND CONSCIENCE
In order to communicate his goodness
and eternal bliss, God wished to create
intelligent and free beings
(angels and human beings), to whom
He freely communicated a participation in his
divine nature, which theology calls sanctifying
grace.
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NATURAL
MORAL LAW
The natural moral law is the rational creature’s
participation in the eternal law. We cannot directly
see God’s eternal design to bring us to full happiness,
since we cannot see what is in the mind of God.
NATURAL
MORAL LAW
That is why we can say that the natural moral law is
“itself the eternal law, implanted in beings endowed
with reason, and inclining them towards their right
action and end.” It is, therefore, a divine (both divine
and natural) law.
CONSIENCE
Conscience is a judgment of reason whereby the
human person recognizes the moral quality of a
concrete act that he is going to perform, is in the
process of performing, or has already completed.
CONSIENCE
Conscience formulates “moral obligation in the light
of the natural law: it is the obligation to do what the
individual, through the workings of his conscience,
knows to be a good he is called to do here and now.”
What does it
mean to say that
Natural Law is
universal?
It applies to all people, in all places, and at all times.
It applies only to
people of a certain
\
religion.
It changes
depending on a
person's culture.
According to the
concept of Natural
Law, how do
humans know what
is right and wrong?
Through a personal, subjective feeling.
Through the laws
of their country.
\
Through their
ability to reason,
which reflects
God's plan.
What is the role of
conscience in
moral decision-
making?
To judge the morality of an action before, during, or after it is performed.
To provide a personal
and subjective opinion
about what to do.
\
To automatically
make the correct
choice without
thinking.
WHO IS KING SOLOMON?
Solomon was the third and final king of the united
kingdom of Israel, following King Saul and King
David. He was the son of King David and
Bathsheba, who had previously been married to
Uriah the Hittite. David had arranged for Uriah to be
killed in battle in order to hide his affair with
Bathsheba. Solomon is traditionally credited with
writing the biblical books Song of Solomon,
Ecclesiastes, and much of Proverbs. Although
some scholars debate his authorship of
Ecclesiastes, the opening verses (Ecclesiastes 1:1–
12) describe the author as the "son of David" and
"king in Jerusalem," descriptions that align well
with Solomon. He reigned as king for 40 years (1
KING SOLOMON Kings 11:42).
King Solomon is renowned for his
wisdom, particularly in matters of
judgment and moral decision making.
The most famous example is the
story of the two mothers who both
claimed the same baby.
KING SOLOMON
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Two mothers living in the same house each had a baby.
One baby died in the night, and the mother whose child
died switched it with the other woman's living baby. In the
morning, the true mother realized the switch and the two
women argued over the living child, each claiming to be its
mother. They brought the dispute before King Solomon.
To determine the true mother, Solomon proposed cutting
the baby in half, so each woman would receive a part. The
false mother agreed, but the true mother, out of love for her
child, pleaded that the baby be given to the other woman
rather than be killed.
Recognizing this selfless compassion, Solomon declared
the woman who pleaded for the baby's life to be the true
mother and returned the child to her. This wise judgment
solidified Solomon's reputation for divinely granted
wisdom.
King Solomon's wisdom wasn't just in
delivering a clever solution, but in his
ability to create a situation that
exposed the truth through people's
behavior and emotions. He
demonstrated that true wisdom
requires a deep understanding of
human nature and the ability to see
beyond outward words.
KING SOLOMON
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Love as the Foundation of Moral Living
In the famous story of King Solomon and the two
Augustine posited that true morality is
rooted in love specifically, the love of
mothers, what wise action Goddid
andKing Solomon
neighbor. take stated,
He famously to
determine the real mother of the baby?
“Love, and do what you will,” suggesting
that actions motivated by genuine love
naturally fulfill moral obligations. This
B. He ordered
A. He asked both principle underscores the idea that
C. He asked the love
that the baby be
women to swear is the essence of all virtues and the
baby to choose
cut in two and
an oath in the guiding force behind moral behavior .
each woman given its mother.
temple.
ST. AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO half.
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Who is st. augustine?
Christian theologian and
philosopher
Lived from 354 to 430 AD
Born in Tagaste (now Souk Ahras,
Algeria)
Famous Works: Confessions, City
of God, On Free Choice of the Will
Doctor of the Church
ST. AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO
Morality and Conscience
St. Augustine's writings significantly
contributed to the understanding of
morality and conscience, emphasizing
its role as a gift from God and a guide to
the good life. He viewed conscience as an
internal voice, a judgment process
integrating reason, emotion, and sense,
ultimately leading individuals towards a
virtuous life
ST. AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO
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Conscience as the Voice of God
Augustine viewed conscience as the
inner voice where God communicates
His moral law to individuals. This
perspective aligns with the idea that
conscience is not merely a human
faculty but a divine imprint guiding
moral discernment. He emphasized that
listening to one’s conscience is listening
to God Himself .
ST. AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO
Morality, Free Will, and Divine Grace
In his On Free Choice of the Will,
Augustine explores the concept of free
will and its relation to sin and divine
justice. He argues that while humans
possess free will, their capacity to choose
good is impaired by original sin.
Therefore, divine grace is essential to
restore the will’s ability to align with
God’s moral order .
ST. AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO
Love as the Foundation of Moral Living
Augustine posited that true morality is
rooted in love specifically, the love of
God and neighbor. He famously stated,
“Love, and do what you will,” suggesting
that actions motivated by genuine love
naturally fulfill moral obligations. This
principle underscores the idea that love
is the essence of all virtues and the
guiding force behind moral behavior .
ST. AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO
Love as the Foundation of Moral Living
Augustine posited that true morality is
rooted in love specifically, the love of
God and neighbor. He famously stated,
According to Augustine, what is conscience?
“Love, and do what you will,” suggesting
that actions motivated by genuine love
naturally fulfill moral obligations. This
principle underscores the idea that love
A. B. C.
is the essence of all virtues and the
A feeling of fear A gift from God A law made by
guiding force behind moral behavior .
to know right the government
ST. AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO from wrong
Love as the Foundation of Moral Living
Augustine posited that true morality is
rooted in love specifically, the love of
What did Augustine mean when he said, “Love, and
God and neighbor. He famously stated, do
what“Love,
you andwill”?
do what you will,” suggesting
that actions motivated by genuine love
naturally fulfill moral obligations. This
principle underscores the idea that love
A. B. C.
is the essence of all virtues and the
Love is We can do anything If we act with
guiding force behind moral behavior .
not important we want without true love, our
ST. AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO
thinking actions will be good
Love as the Foundation of Moral Living
Augustine posited that true morality is
rooted in love specifically, the love of
God and neighbor. He famously stated,
Why do we need God’s grace, according to Augustine?
“Love, and do what you will,” suggesting
that actions motivated by genuine love
naturally fulfill moral obligations. This
principle underscores the idea that love
A. B. C.
is the essence of all virtues and the
To become rich Toguiding
do well To help us choose
force behind moral behavior .
in school good and avoid sin
ST. AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO
Thanks
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“En kardia gegrammenos nomos”
“A LAW WRITTEN IN THE HEART”
Romans 2:15
states even those who don’t have the law, but
observe its primciples, demonstrate that the work of
the law is written on their hearts.
Bungar, John Raven L.
Corpuz, Angel Danica G.
Delos Santos, Ira Nicol C.
Garcia, Ylaiza Niecole F.
Otic, Challene Faith E.
References:
https:// onlinedegrees.sandiego.edu/ moral-theology/
opusdei.org. (2022, October 5). Topic 25: Christian Life: Law and
Conscience. Opus Dei. https://opusdei.org/en/article/topic-25-christian-life-
law-and-
conscience/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CConscience%20is%20a%20judgment
%20of,be%20a%20fault%20against%20justice.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/ethics-philosophy/St-Augustine
https://www.christianity.com/wiki/people/king-solomon-in-the-bible.html
