RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT

SECTION A
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTION
1.Which of the following methods does not help in soil conservation?

(a) Contour ploughing

(b) Strip cropping
(c) Creating shelter belts
(d) Ploughing up and down the slopes

2. Burial ground is a
(a) community owned resource
(b) national resource
(c) individual resource
(d) international resource

3. Laterite soil is very useful for growing:

(a) Rice, wheat and mustard

(b) Tea, coffee and cashew
(c) Pulses, sugarcane and resin
(d) None of the above

4. Black soil is deficient in

(a) Calcium carbonate

(b) Magnesium
(c) Potash
(d) Phosphoric contents

5.Which of the following soils has self-aeration capacity?

(a) Alluvial
(b) Red soil
(c) Black soil
(d) Mountain soil

6.Ploughing along the contour lines to decelerate the flow of water down the slopes is called:
(a) Strip cropping
(b) Sheet erosion
(c) Contour ploughing
(d) Terrace cultivation

7.Which of the following is not a measure for soil conservation?

(a) Strip cropping
(b) Terrace cultivation
(c) Shelter belts
(d) Overdrawing of ground water

8.Resources which are found in a region but have not been utilised are called

(a) developed resources

(b) stock
(c) international resources
(d) potential resources

9.Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
(a) Extensive cultivation
(b) Deforestation
(c) Overgrazing
(d) Over-irrigation

10.Soil formed by intense leaching is:

(a) alluvial soil
(b) red soil
(c) laterite soil
(d) desert soil

11.Which one of the following states mostly has laterite soil?

(a) Uttar Pradesh
(b) Bihar
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Meghalaya

12.There is enough for everybody’s need and not for any body’s greed,’’ who among the following has
given the above statement?
(a) Vinoba Bhave
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Atal Behari Vajpayee

13.In which of the following states is overgrazing responsible for land degradation?
(a) Jharkhand and Orissa
(b) Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan
(c) Punjab and Haryana
(d) Kerala and Tamil Nadu

14.How can the resources be classified on the basis of their origin?

(a) Biotic and Abiotic
(b) Renewable and Non-renewable
(c) Individual and Community
(d) Potential and Reserves

15.Which one of the following soils is ideal for growing cotton?

(a) Regur Soil
(b) Laterite Soil
(c) Desert Soil
(d) Mountainous Soil

16.Which among the following is a type of resources classified on the basis of exhaustibility?
(a) Biotic and abiotic
(b) Renewable and non-renewable
(c) National and individual
(d) Potential and reserves

17.What is arrangement of soil in different layers or horizons known as?

(a) Soil Composition
(b) Soil Erosion
(c) Soil Profile
(d) Soil Texture

18.Which of the following resource is non-recyclable?

(a) Coal
(b) Gold
(c) Copper
(d) Iron ore

19.Under which of the following type of resources can solar energy be categorised?
(a)Flow resources
(b) Gold
(c) Copper
(d) Iron ore

20.The desired percent of geographical area, as outlined in the National Forest Policy (1952) is….
(a) 23%
(b) 33%
(c) 25%
(d) 47%

21.Alluvial soil can be classified as khadar and Bangar on the basis of……...
(a) Colour
(b) Age
(c) Texture
(d) Humus content

22.Ravines are the type of bad land present in …………

(a) Ganga basin
(b) Chambal basin
(c) Arid region
(d) Himalayan mountain region
23.Making shelter belts is useful for soil conservation in which region?
(a) Delta region
(b) coastal region
(c) Arid region
(d) Himalayan mountain region

24.Khader is a type of
(a) Black Soil
(b) Alluvial Soil
(c) Laterite Soil
(d) Desert Soil

25.In which year was the Earth Summit held?

(a) 1990
(b) 1991
(c) 1992
(d) 1993

26.Which one of the following is responsible for sheet erosion?

(a) Underground water
(b) Wind
(c) Glacier
(d) Water

27.In which five-year plan India made concentrated effort for achieving the goal of resource planning?

(a) First
(b) second
(c) seventh
(d) Fifth

28. Give any two examples of continuous or flow resources?

29. What is the full form of EEZ?

30. Which one of the following is a cold desert of India?

(a) Ladakh
(b) Jammu
(c) Sahara
(d) Thar

31.Low humus content is a feature of which soil?

(a) Alluvial
(b) Red and Yellow
(c) Laterite
(d) Black
32. Give any two examples of international resources?

33. Where did the first international Earth summit took place?

34. What is Agenda 21?

35.Define resources?

36.The total of area sown more than once in an agricultural year and net sown area is known as:

37.The land which is left uncultivated for more than five agricultural year is known as:

38. Which of the north eastern states has been fully surveyed for its land use?

39. All the minerals, water resources, forests, wildlife, land within the political boundaries and oceanic
area upto (22.2 km) from the coast termed as territorial water and resources therein belong to the
nation.
(a) 12 nautical miles
(b) 22.2 km
(c) both a and b
(d) 12 Km

40. What is the full form of UNCED?

41. The book “Small is Beautiful” is written by………….

42. The concept of ‘Sustainable Development’ was introduced in which report?

SECTION B
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTION

43. Classify and discuss the resources on the basis of origin?

44.Classify and discuss the resources on the basis of exhaustibility?

45.Classify and discuss the resources on the basis of ownership?

46.Classify and discuss the resources on the basis of status of development?

47. What do you understand by the term sustainable development? Suggest any two ways through which
resources can be used judiciously?

48. Discuss any three major problems related to indiscriminate exploitation of resources?

49. What is resource planning? Why is it important for India?

50. Distinguish between the following:

1.Potential and Developed Resources;
2. Stock and Reserves
3. Biotic and abiotic resources
4. Khadar and Bangar
5. Renewable and non-renewable resources

51.Explain three stages of ‘resource planning?

52. Write the major features of Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit, 1992

53. Look at the picture and answer the following questions:

1.Name the relief feature occupying the largest area, along with its percentage share in the total area.

2. Name the relief feature occupying the smallest area, along with its percentage share in the total area.

54. Name three main relief features of India and write the importance of each.

55. Write three physical and three human factors which determine the use of land.

56. Name six types of soils found in India. Which is the most widely spread soil?

57. Write the main characteristics of alluvial soils.

58. Write six characteristics of regur soils (black soils).

59. Write any three characteristics of laterite soils.

60. Write the main characteristics of arid soils?

61. Write the main features of forest soils.

62. Discuss any three factors affecting the formation and types of soil?
63. State any three reasons for overuse of resources?

64. “India has enormous diversity in the availability of resources.” Name four varied regions to justify this
statement

65. “Planning is the widely accepted strategy for judicious use of resources in a country like India”. Justify
this statement with two relevant points and an example
66. Discuss the inter- dependent relationship between nature, technology and institutions?

67. Resources are a function of human activities? Justify

68. Write four factors which determine resource development in a region.

69. Explain the concept of resource conservation as voiced by Gandhiji?

Or
Whom did Gandhiji make responsible for the depletion of resources at the global level?

70. Write four institutional efforts made at global level for ‘resource conservation’.

71.Look at the picture and explain the land-use pattern in India. Why has land under forest not increased
much since 1960-61?

72. Distinguish between each of the following:

(a) Current fallow and other than current fallow land
(b) Wasteland and culturable wasteland
(c) Net sown area and gross cropped area.

73. What do you understand by ‘reported area’? What is the reported area of India and why? Give two
major reasons

74. Name two states having high net sown area and two states having low net sown area. Give two
reasons for each.

Or

“The pattern of net sown area varies greatly from one state to another.” Give reason.

75. Write some measures/ways to solve problems of land degradation.

SECTION C
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTION

76. What is soil erosion? Write the main causes of soil erosion.

77. What is soil erosion? Write four methods of soil conservation.

78. Discuss the importance of soil for human being?

Or

How could you say that soil is an important resource for human being?

79. How are natural resources important for man? Give five points.

80.Resource planning is essential for sustainable existence.” Discuss.

81. Locate the following on the given map of India?

1. one state related to black soil

2. one state related to alluvial soil
3. one state related to laterite soil
4. one state related to forest soil
5. one state related to red soil
6. One state related to Arid soil

ANSWER KEY

SECTION A
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTION
1.Answer: Ploughing up and down the slopes
2. Answer: (a) community owned resource
3. Answer: (b) Tea, coffee and cashew
4. Answer: (d) Phosphoric contents
5.Answer: (c) Black soil
6.Answer: (c) Contour ploughing
7. Answer: (d) Overdrawing of ground water
8. Answer: (d) potential resources
9.Answer: (d) Over-irrigation
10.Answer: (c) laterite soil
11.Answer: (d) Meghalaya
12.Answer: (b) Mahatma Gandhi
13.Answer: (b) Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan
14. Answer: (a) Biotic and Abiotic
15.Answer: (a) Regur Soil
16.Answer: (b) Renewable and non-renewable
17.Answer: (c) Soil Profile
18.Answer: Coal
19.Answer: Flow Resources
20.Answer: 33%
21 Answer: Age
22.Answer: Chambal region
23.Answer: Arid region
24.Answer: (b) Alluvial Soil
25.Answer: (c) 1992
26Answer: (d) Water
27. Answer: a) First
28. Answer
1. Solar Energy
2. Wind Energy

29.Answer: Exclusive Economic Zone

30. Answer: (a) Ladakh

31.Answer: (c) Laterite

32. Answer:
1. Oceans (Exclusive economic zone)
2.Celestial Space

33.Answer: Rio-de-Janerio (Brazil)

34. Answer
It is the declaration signed by world leaders in 1992 at the United Nations Conference on Environment
and Development (UNCED), which took place at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It aims at achieving global
sustainable development. It is an agenda that aims at fighting against environmental damage, poverty,
disease through global co-operation on common interests, mutual needs and shared responsibilities.
35. Answer
Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs, provided, it is
technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable can be termed as ‘Resource’.
Examples are: minerals, forests, fossil fuels etc.

36.Answer:
Gross cropped area

37.Answer: culturable wasteland

38. Answer: Assam

39. Answer: (c) both a and b

40. Answer: United Nations Conference on Environment and Development

41. Answer: E.F. Schumacher

42. Answer: Brundtland Commission Report, 1987

SECTION B
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTION

43. Biotic Resources: These are obtained from biosphere and have life.
such as human beings, flora and fauna, fisheries, livestock etc.
Abiotic Resources: All those things which are composed of non-living things are called abiotic resources.
For example, rocks and metals.

44. Renewable Resources: The resources which can be renewed or reproduced by physical, chemical or
mechanical processes are known as renewable or replenishable resources. Example: solar and wind
energy, water, forests and wildlife, etc.
Non-Renewable Resources. The resources which can’t be renewed or reproduced by physical, chemical or
mechanical processes and take millions of years in their formation. Some of the resources like metals are
recyclable and some like fossil fuels cannot be recycled and get exhausted with their use.
Example: minerals

45.Individual Resources: Resources which are owned privately by individuals are known as individual
resources. Example: farmland, house, pond etc. Community Owned Resources: Resources which are
owned and accessible to all the members of the community are known as community owned resources.
Example: Village commons (grazing grounds, burial grounds, village ponds, etc.) public parks, picnic spots
etc. National Resources: All the resources which are under the control of any nation and the country has
legal powers to acquire them for public good are called national resources. Example: Canals, rivers,
minerals etc. International Resources: The resources which are owned and regulated by the international
institutions are known as International resources. Example: The oceanic resources beyond 200 nautical
miles of the Exclusive Economic Zone belong to open ocean and no individual country can utilise these
without the concurrence of international institutions.

46.Potential Resources: Resources which are found in a region but have not been utilised.
For example, the western parts of India particularly Rajasthan and Gujarat have enormous potential for
the development of wind and solar energy, but so far these have not been developed properly.
Developed Resources: Resources which are surveyed, and their quality and quantity have been
determined for utilisation using feasible technology available.
Example: mineral resources
Stock: Materials in the environment which have the potential to satisfy human needs, but human beings
do not have the appropriate technology to access these.
For example, water is a compound of two inflammable gases; hydrogen and oxygen, which can be used as
a rich source of energy. But we do not have the required technical ‘know-how’ to use them for this
purpose. Hence, it can be considered as stock.
Reserves are the subset of the stock, which can be put into use with the help of existing technical ‘know-
how’ but their use has not been started. These can be used for meeting future requirements.
Example: River water can be used for generating hydroelectric power but presently, it is being utilised
only to a limited extent. Thus, the water in the dams, forests etc. is a reserve which can be used in the
future.

47. Answer Hint

‘development should take place without damaging the environment and development in the present
should not compromise with the needs of future generation.’
Two ways through which resources can be used judiciously:

1. Resource planning
2. Use of alternatives
3. Recycling

48. Answer Hint

1.Depletion of resources.
2.Accumulation of resources in few hands
3.Global ecological crisis, e.g., global warming, ozone layer depletion, environmental pollution, land
degradation, etc.

49.Answer hint
The widely accepted strategy for judicious use of resources. It is necessary for proper utilisation and
conservation of resources for future use.

Reasons for Importance of resource planning in India:

1.Limited availability
2.Uneven distribution in all parts of the country.
3. Non-renewable nature of some resources
4. For proper utilisation of resources by reducing wastage.
5.to check the environmental degradation.

50.Answer:
1.Potential and Developed Resources
Potential Resources Developed Resources

1.) Potential resources are those that have been 1.) Developed resources are those that have
identified at particular places but have not yet been surveyed and identified for their quality
been utilised. and quantity.

2.) These are resources which could be used in 2.) These are resources which have already
future due to break throughs in technology, for developed, and which are presently used
change circumstances.

3.) example: wind energy 3.) example: coal

2. Stock and Reserves

Stock Reserve
1. These resources have potential to be 1. These resources can be utilized by using
utilized but has not been utilized due to lack of appropriate technology but
feasible technology. even after having technology to utilize it, it has
been kept aside for future requirements

Example: - Water [ it satisfies our needs, but we Example: -

can’t make water ourselves by combining Water in dams
hydrogen and water {lack of technology} ]

3. Biotic and abiotic resources

Biotic resources Abiotic resources
(i) The resources which are obtained from (i) All those things which are composed of nonliving
biosphere are biotic resources. things are called abitoic resources.
(ii) They have life. (ii) They do not have life.
(iii) These include flora and fauna, fisheries, (iii) These incoude rocks, metals, land, air,
livestock, human beings, etc. mountains, rivers, etc.
(iv) Minerals such as coal and petroleum are
(iv) Minerals such as gold, iron, copper, silver, etc.
included in this category because they were formed
come in this category.
from decayed organic matter.
4. khadar and Bangar

Bangar Khadar

(i) It is old alluvial soil. (i) It is new alluvial soil.

(ii) It has higher concentration of ‘kankar’

(ii) It has more fine particles.
nodules.
(iii) It is more fertile than ‘Bangar’ and is found in flood
(iii) It is coarser and comparatively less fertile.
plains.

5. Renewable and non-renewable resources

Renewable resources Non-renewable resources

The resources which can be renewed or The resources which can’t be renewed or
reproduced by physical, chemical or mechanical reproduced by physical, chemical or mechanical
processes are known as renewable or processes and take millions of years in their
replenishable resources. formation

These resources are generally available These resources are distributed unevenly.
throughout the world.

Comparatively more Environment friendly Create more pollution

Example: Water, wind Example Iron ore, Coal

51.Answer hints
Three stages of resource planning are:
1.Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country.
2. Evolving a planning structure.
3.Matching the resource development plans with overall national development

52.Answer hints
The summit was convened for addressing urgent problems of:

• environmental protection and

• socio-economic development at global level.
The Rio convention endorsed the global Forest Principles and adopted ‘Agenda 21’ for achieving
sustainable development in the 21st century. It is an agenda to combat environmental damage, poverty
and diseases through global co-operation on common interests, mutual needs and shared responsibilities.
53
Answer:
1Plains occupy the largest area having 43% share in the total area.
2.Plateau occupy the largest area having 27% share in the total area.

54. Answer:

Relief Features Their Importance /Uses

(i) Suitable for agriculture.

(ii) provide flat land for industrial development.
1. Plains
(iii) because of their level, nature and ease of construction, plains support
huge population of the country.

(i) ensure perennial flow of some rivers and many rivers rise from them.
(ii) provide facilities for tourism.
2. Mountains
(iii) are important from ecological point of view, e.g. have lot of forest
wealth and wildlife.

(i) Availability of mineral rich soil.

3. Plateaus (ii) contain lot of minerals.
(iii) Ideal for industrial development.

55. Points for Answer:

Physical Factors:
Topography
Climate
Soil types
Human Factors:
Population density
Technological capability
Culture and traditions

56.Answer:
1.Alluvial soil (Northern plain region)
2.Red and yellow soil (Tamil Nadu, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, M.P)
3.Black soil (Deccan Trap region)
4.Laterite soil (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh and the hilly areas of Orissa and Assam.)
5.Arid soil (Rajasthan, Northern Gujarat)
6.Forest and mountainous soils (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh)
57. Answer:
1.Alluvial soils as a whole are very fertile. They consist of various proportions of sand, silt and clay.
2. This soil is found near the river deltas.
3.They contain adequate proportion of potash, lime and phosphoric acid.
3.They are ideal for the growth of all the cereals and food grains such as sugarcane, paddy, wheat and
other cereal and pulse crops.
4. Due to its high fertility, regions of alluvial soils are intensively cultivated and are densely populated.

58.Answer:
1.They are made up of mineral rich Igneous and metamorphic rocks.
2.They have capacity to hold moisture that makes them ideal for growing cotton.
3.They are rich in soil nutrients such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime.
4.These soils are generally poor in phosphoric contents.
5.They develop deep cracks during dry hot weather, which helps in the proper aeration of soil.
6.These soils are ideal for the cultivation of cotton and leguminous plants.

59.Answer:
1.They are highly leached soils.
2.They develop in areas of heavy rainfall and high temperature.
3.They have low ‘humus’ content, because most of the micro-organisms particularly decomposers like
bacteria get destroyed due to high temperature.
4.These soils can be cultivated with adequate doses of manure and fertilisers.

60.Answer:
1.Arid soils range from red to brown in colour.
2.They have a sandy texture.
3.They are saline in nature. In areas where salt content in high, common salt is obtained by evaporation.
4.Arid soil lacks humus and is moisture deficient.
5.The lower horizons of the soil have kankars because of high calcium content which restrict infiltration of
water.
6.Proper irrigation helps make these soils cultivable, e.g., Western Rajasthan

61. 1.They are loamy and silty in valley sides and coarse grained in upper slopes.
2.They are highly denuded, acidic in snow covered areas.
3. They have low humus content.
4. The thickness of the soil is less due to steep slope.

62. Points:
1.Parent rocks: (determine colour, texture, mineral and chemical property)
2.Climate: (Temperature, Rainfall)
3. Time (determine thickness of soil)
63.Points:
1. Pressure of population growth
2. Lack of awareness
3. Need of Industrial and economic development.

64. Points:
There are regions which are rich or self-sufficient in certain types of resources and there are areas that
are deficient or have acute shortage of some vital resources.
For example:
1.The states of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh are rich in minerals and coal deposits.
2.Arunachal Pradesh has abundance of water resources but lacks in infrastructural development.
3.Rajasthan is very well endowed with solar and wind energy but lacks in water resources.
4.The cold desert area of Ladakh has very rich cultural heritage. It is deficient in water, infrastructure and
some vital minerals.

65.Answer hints:
India has enormous diversity in the availability of resources. Through planning, regions which have
shortage of vital resources and those having adequate quantities, receive equal attention.

• There are regions which are rich in certain types of resources but are deficient in some other
resources.
For example: Arunachal has abundance of water but lacks in infrastructural development.
• There are some regions which can be considered self-sufficient in terms of availability of
resources.
For example: The states of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh are rich in minerals and coal
deposits.
• There are some regions which have acute shortage of some vital resources.
For example: The state of Rajasthan is well endowed with solar and wind energy but lacks in water
resources.

66.Hint for answer:

Human beings interact with nature through technology and create institutions to accelerate their
economic development.

67. Hint for answer:

They transform material available in our environment into resources and use them.
They convert the object into resources using their knowledge and skill.

68.Hint for answer:

Availability of resources
Level of technology
Quality of human resources
Historical experiences of the people
69. Hint for answer:
“There is enough far everybody’s need and not for anybody’s greed.”

• Greedy and selfish individuals as the root cause for resource depletion at the global level
• He was against ‘mass production’ and wanted to replace it with ‘production by the masses’.
• Resource should not be concentrated in few hands but should be made available for everyone.
• Irrational consumption and over-utilization of resources leads to socio-economic and
environmental problems

70.
Hint for answer

• At the international level, the Club of Rome advocated resource conservation for the first time in a
more systematic way in 1968.
• In 1974, the Gandhian Philosophy was presented once again by Schumacher in his book “Small is
Beautiful”.
• Brundtland Commission Report in 1987, introduced the concept of ‘sustainable development’
• In June 1992, the first ‘International Earth Summit’ was held in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil
71.Hint for answer
Reasons for marginal increase in forest area:

• increasing population
• technological developments
• expansion of agriculture
• development of transport and communication facilities
• overgrazing
• felling of trees
• All these exert great pressure on land thus causing further depletion of forests.

72.
Answer:
(a) Current fallow land.
Land left without cultivation for one or less than one agricultural year.

Other than current fallow land.

Land left uncultivated for the past one to five agricultural years.

(b) Waste land.

It includes rocky, arid and desert areas which are lying waste at the moment.
Culturable waste land.
Arable land which is left uncultivated for more than five agricultural years.

(c) Net Sown Area.

It is the total area under cultivation.
Gross Cropped Area.
Area sown more than once in an agricultural year plus net sown area.

73. Answer:
The percentage of total area for which land-use statistics (data) are available, is termed as ‘reported
area’. India’s reported area is 93%.
Reasons:

• Because the land-use reporting for most of the north-eastern states, except Assam, has not been
done.
• Some areas of Jammu and Kashmir occupied by Pakistan and China have not been surveyed

74.Hint for Answer:

Punjab and Haryana are two states, which have more than 80% of their total area as N.S.A. (Net Sown
Area) because:

• They are agriculturally rich States.

• Irrigation facilities are well-developed here.
States with low N.S.A. i.e., less than 10% are Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram because:

• The nature of land is hilly and forested; therefore, availability of arable land is less.
• Economic backwardness and climatic conditions

75. Answer:
Measures to conserve land:

• Afforestation.
• Proper management of grazing to control over-grazing.
• Planting of shelter belts of plants.
• Stabilization of sand dunes by growing thorny bushes.
• Control of mining activities.
• Proper discharge and disposal of industrial effluents and wastes after treatment.
• Proper management of wastelands
• Avoid over-irrigation, especially in dry areas.
• Avoid overuse of fertilizers and pesticides.
SECTION C
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTION

76. The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down by various natural or human factors is
described as soil erosion.
(points)
The main causes responsible for soil erosion are: (points)
1.deforestation,
2.over-grazing,
3.construction and mining
4.natural agents like wind, running water and glacier

77Points:
The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down by various natural or human factors is
described as soil erosion.
Methods of soil conservation are as follows:
Contour ploughing.
Terrace cultivation
Strip cropping
Planting of shelter belts.

78. Points for Answer:

Importance of soil for human being are as follows:
1.Agriculture
2. Building
3. source of ground water
4. Regulation of earth’s temperature.
5. Maintenance of Ecosystem

79.Points for answer:

Importance of resources for man:
1.Important for maintaining the quality of life and to satisfy his needs.
2. Backbone of the economy of a nation.
3. Economic strength and prosperity of the people.
4. To satisfy the basic need of human being.
5. To generate heat, light and power.

80.Points for answer

Resource planning is related to the judicious and planned use of natural resources for sustainable benefit
to the present generation. It also aims to maintains a potential to meet the needs and aspirations of
future generations.
Resource planning is essential for:
1. conservation of limited resource.
2. to ensure the judicious utilisation of resources.
3. To handle the problems related to regional uneven distribution of resources
4. To estimate and ensure the best possible use of available resources.
5. to save them for future use

81. Locate the following on the given map of India?

4. HIMACHAL PRADESH
6. RAJASTHAN

2. U.P
3. ODISHA
1. MAHARASTRA

5. KERALA