CLOUD CONCEPTS
GROUP 2
Virtualization Concepts
Cloud Networking
Cloud Security
19 MARCH 2025
OBJECTIVES
1 2 3
Explore cloud networking, DN), and content
Understand virtualization including virtual private delivery networks
concepts, hypervisors, and clouds (VPCs), software- (CDNs).
virtual machines (VMs). defined networking
Learn about cloud security, including
identity and access management (IAM),
encryption, and compliance frameworks.
5
6
Virtualization Cloud Networking
Concepts Virtual Private
Cloud (VPC)
Section 1: Virtualization Concepts 3
Definition and Importance of Virtualization
Virtualization is the process of creating a virtual
version of hardware, storage, or network resources
rather than using physical components. It allows
multiple virtual environments to run on a single
physical machine.
Key Benefits of Virtualization:
Resource Efficiency: Maximizes hardware utilization by
running multiple virtual machines (VMs) on a single host.
Cost Reduction: Reduces the need for physical hardware,
leading to lower infrastructure costs.
Scalability: Enables rapid deployment of additional
computing resources without purchasing new physical
hardware.
Disaster Recovery: Facilitates system recovery by allowing
quick restoration of virtual machine snapshots.
Types of Hypervisors 4
A hypervisor is software that creates and manages virtual machines
by allocating computing resources.
There are two types:
Hypervisors (Hosted):
1. Hypervisors (Bare Metal):
Runs on an operating
Runs directly on the system rather than dire
host hardware. on hardware.
Examples: VMware Examples: Oracle
ESXi, Microsoft Hyper- VirtualBox, VMware
V, XenServer. Workstation.
Used in enterprise Used in testing and
environments for high development
performance and environments.
security
Virtual Machines (VMs) and Resource
5
Allocation
Virtual CPU Virtual RAM: Virtual
(vCPU): Storage
Processes instructions Allocates memory Emulates disk storage
within the virtualized for virtualized using physical
environment. workloads. resources.
Virtual Network
Interface Cards
(vNICs):
Enables networking
within and outside the
virtual environment.
Containerization vs. Virtual Machines 6
Virtual Machines:
Require a full operating system for
each instance, leading to higher
resource consumption.
Containers:
Share the host operating system and
Components: run lightweight applications,
improving efficiency.
Examples: Docker, Kubernetes.
Section 2: Cloud Networking 7
Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)
A Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) is a logically isolated section of a public
cloud where users can deploy resources securely. It provides greater control
over network configuration, security, and resource allocation.
Software-Defined Networking (SDN)
Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an approach that
decouples network management from hardware, enabling
programmable network configurations.
Content Delivery Networks (CDNs)
A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a system of distributed servers designed to
optimize the delivery of web content.
Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) 8
Key Features of VPCs:
Subnets: Logical divisions within a VPC for
organizing resources.
Route Tables: Define how traffic is directed
within the cloud environment.
Security Groups: Act as virtual firewalls to
control inbound and outbound traffic.
Internet Gateways: Enable external
communication from VPC resources.
Software-Defined Networking (SDN) 9
Advantages of SDN:
Centralized Control: Administrators manage network resources
through a software-based controller.
Automation: Enables dynamic network adjustments without
manual reconfiguration.
Scalability: Easily adapts to increasing network demands.
Content Delivery Networks (CDNs)
Functions of a CDN:
Caching: Stores copies of frequently accessed content
at multiple locations.
Latency Reduction: Minimizes the distance between
users and content servers, improving load times.
Traffic Distribution: Balances network loads to
prevent server overload.
Examples of CDNs: Cloudflare, Akamai, Amazon CloudFront.
Section 3: Cloud Security
Identity and Access Management (IAM)
Identity and Access Management (IAM) is a framework for controlling user access to
cloud resources. It ensures that only authorized individuals can access specific data
or services.
Key Components of IAM:
User Authentication: Verifies user identity through
passwords, biometrics, or multi-factor authentication (MFA).
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): Assigns permissions
based on user roles rather than individual accounts.
Principle of Least Privilege: Grants users only the
permissions necessary for their tasks.
IAM Examples: AWS IAM, Azure Active Directory, Google
Cloud IAM.
Cloud Encryption
Cloud encryption ensures that data stored in or transmitted through the cloud remains
secure and unreadable to unauthorized users.
Types of Cloud Encryption:
Data-at-Rest Encryption: Protects stored data using cryptographic algorithms.
Data-in-Transit Encryption: Secures data moving between cloud services and users
using protocols like TLS/SSL.
End-to-End Encryption: Encrypts data from sender to receiver, preventing
unauthorized interception.
Encryption Standards: AES-256, RSA, SHA-256.
Cloud Encryption
Common Cloud Mitigation Common Cloud
Security Risks: Strategies: Security Risks:
Data Breaches: Implementing Multi-Factor General Data Protection
Unauthorized access to Authentication (MFA): Regulation (GDPR) – Data
sensitive cloud data. privacy requirements for
Adds an additional security
Misconfigured businesses operating in the
layer. EU.
Security Settings: Regular Security Audits: Health Insurance
Improperly set access
Ensures compliance with Portability and
controls leading to
best practices. Accountability Act (HIPAA)
vulnerabilities. – Security regulations for
Cloud Security Posture
Denial-of-Service healthcare data.
(DoS) Attacks: Management (CSPM): Monitors
ISO/IEC 27001 –
Overloading cloud and remediates International standards for
services to disrupt misconfigurations in cloud cloud security management.
functionality. environments.
Conclusion
This Presentation covered virtualization concepts, cloud networking,
and cloud security in a cloud computing environment. Virtualization
optimizes resource efficiency, cloud networking enhances scalability,
and cloud security protects data integrity and accessibility.
Understanding these fundamental cloud concepts is essential for IT
professionals managing modern cloud infrastructures.
THANK YOU
