ENG 110
Role of poetry:
Pleasure and delight
Vehicle of culture
Outlet for our creative faculty to imagine
Expands your vocabulary
SYLLABLES:
/. - less stressed syllable
U. - more stressed syllable
/. U
Thou art
Foot- combination of weak and strong stresses
Trochee
Spondee
METRE
Monometer 1
Dimeter 2
Trimeter 3
Tetrameter 4
Pentameter 5
Hexameter 6
Heptameter or septenary 7
LYRIC POEMS- ballad
1. Narrative- abab or abcb iambic tetrameter and
trimeter
Has quatrains
Sometimes uses refrains
2. Blank verse- imabic pentameter but no rhyming
words
3. Free verse- No rhythm no rhyme
BALLAD
Song that tells a story
Shows events rather than telling them
Invites audience to use imagination
Exists in different forms
Starts in the middle of the story
Types of ballads
1. Folk- community makes up the song, all kinds of
stories
2. Broadside- descriptive on popular theme in popular
place
3. Literary- created by a poet, more elaborate,
imitates the folk ballad
Rhyme scheme
1. abab
2. Abcb
SONNET:
14 lines
Iambic pentamater
One long stanza
Iambic pentamater. 5 iambic feet, 5 unstresses and 5
stresses
Catalectcic line has an extra syllable
Italian sonnet or petrachian sonnet
Octave
Sestet
Elizabetan or shakesperian sonnet
RENAISSANCE SONNETS HAVE TWO TYPES
1. Italian
2. English or shakesperian
3 quatrains
Concluding couplet
Metre- rhythmic pattern of sound
Foot- single unit of metre
Scansion- scanning through the poem to see stressed
and unstressed syllables.
U- unstressed
/- stressed
IAMBC TETRAMETER- stressed unstressed times 5
TROCHEE- STRONG AND THEN WEAK
Iamb- weak and then strong
CATALECTIC- ODD NUMBER OF FEET
MACBETH: (holland shed website)
Lecture 1: shock horror and tragedy
No special effects
Tragedy
For all levels of society
The words need to convey
Dialogue is all that they have
Macbeth was written when england and scotland had the
same king, king james
Believed witches were real
Shakespearres witches
They have beards
Bodily or they don’t follow gender norms
Masculine
Weird familiars, demons in animal form
Pointy noses
They serve the devil
Hecate, 3 faced
Inversion of everyone elses values
Fair is foul and foul if fair, tetratamer
Duncan is the good king and the witches interfere
Swine- pigs
Tragedy
Central topic- reversal of fortune
Tragic figure is superior
Two sided character
Normally noble family, someone of importance
Someone that is respected
He has a fatal flaw, self destruction(tragedy)
Witches know his weak spot
POETRY LECTURE 5- RENAISSANCE LYRIC FORMS: CARPE
DIEM, PASTORAL AND ELEGY:
To the virgins, to make much of time- by robert herrick,
iambic pentamater
Catalectic- missing a syllable
Feminine rhyme- two syllables : "ocean and motion"
Sexist poem
To the virgins- young woman
Different to most carpe diems, modifies the theme for a
christian amd moral framework
PASTORAL POETRY
Greek poet theocritus
Expressed an urban poets nostalgia of the life of rural
people, in an idealised and natural setting, written by
people who wont take care of sheep.
Imaginary ideal of country life
Love and death- main themes of these poems
Nymph- mythological creature or spirit.
Mocking the previous poem
ELEGY:
Talking about someone who has died
Meditative lyric poem, friend or loved one
Mourning poem
Heroic couplet-
Metaphysical:
To hid coy mistress- andrew marvell
Valediction- john donne- when his life is still alive- she is
parting- 12 children.
Farewell speech
Intellectual love
EASTER WINGS- by george herbert-
Looks like wings
Doves of peace or birds
George- deeply religious, faithful.
Harmony instead of opposition.
Man had fallen- increase how far I can go
Ashamed of the person he was
His sicknesses as a child- this was punishment for sin.
Imp my wing- depends on you for flight.
ROMANTIC POETRY:
Not love poetry
Set of feelings, preoccupation with the beauty of nature.
Linking their world to the natural world.
Medieval, industrial revolution.
Mystic and mysterious
Rebellion against authority
Needing to work through emotions
Love of childhood innocence
Sympathy with animal life
Simpler language
Their poetry was for everyone
"it is a beauteous evening" william wordsworth
'OZYMANDIAS"
Poetry test:
Quote
Indicate which line the quote is from.
WHAT HOW AND WHY in an analysis- what- metaphor
How- quote
How- to strengthen a theme
Show don’t tell
2 - 3 pages
50 minutes
40 mins- 10 mins planning
Introduction
Text
Author
What happened before
Context- act this scene this
Thesis statement- this is what is available in this test- main
topic- what it will focus on, this essay will look at the theme of
this by…
What u looking at
Conclusion
Yes this essay looked at 1 2 and 3 …
MACBETH:
Was a man of penetrating genuine, a high spirit and
unbounded ambition.
Lack of moderation
Solilioqy
First time that macbeth speaks aloud to himself
and allows us into his mind.
DRAMATIC IRONY:
When words have a meaning or importance that
the characters who say them don’t realise.
The great chain of being
Everything has their place in the world
Hierachy, god at the top and devil and the bottom
LADY MACBETH
Told her all of his secrets
They were close
She flamed her incensed husband
Persuasive and encouraged him
Manipulative
Conceal the act when its done
Weadled out of him his displeasure
Counselled him to kill king ducnan
Partner in crime
Has a solliloqui- echoing the witches prophecy.
Her fear is kind macbeth, scared that hes not
monstorous enough to do the deed
Too full of the milk of human kindness
Doesn’t adhere to her gender role, same way as
the witches.
Negative view of femininity. Bring quite off
She echoes the fair is foul
Valour- typically masculine.
ACT 1 SCENE 7:
Theres a feast and there is a party thrown for duncan
Unaware that the king has asked for you
We will not carry on- macbeth
Why would we ruin the good thing we have now
He sounded willing, she asks if he was drunk
Now she knows how little he loves her
Not being a coward is a big part of his identity
If only you were man enough to kill the king
Ask permission to talk to her own husband
Relationship has tanked
Not equal patners of greatness
"let your remebernace apply to banquo"he was about to
be assasinated
ACT 5 SCENE 3:
War against macbeth
There is an army coming for him
He will fight till the death
Divine mandate absolute - below god.
What we do wit our evil thoughts.
3 APPARITIONS:
1. Armed head
2. Bloody child
3. Child crowned
CYCLE OF VOILENCE:
We don’t see duncan get killed.
Not about physical violence, more about internal vioence
through his violation of the social contract, poisoning of
the chalice(holy chalice)
REGIME CHANGE- LECTURE 5
Malchom replaces macbeth
STRUCTURE
Act 1crisis) act 2(crisis) act 3(climax) act 4(recovery) act
5(recovery)
Act 1- exposition, setting and issues
Resolution- act 4 and 5
ACT 3 SCENE 4
Banquots ghost
Ambiguity, real or hallucination (probably)
He responds publicly and lady macbeth scolds him for
this.
She says everyone can see the disorder of his mind.
"go at once"- macbeth
"what is the night" what time is it - banquo
The sun is rising soon- things are about to change,
reached the climax and now change is coming.
The banquet ends in chaos
Macduff wasn’t at the party(macbeths party), hes dissing
me for not coming, might have fled the country cos they
done belive in him being king, plans to oppose him
Pays fees to a servent to spy on their masters- macbeth
Suspicious of everyone including macduff, not straight
forward
Macduff was loyal to duncan
MACDUFF
ACT 4 SCENE 3- where we meet him or encounter him
Malcom(the prince) duncans son is malcom and macduff is
also in the scene
o Duncan has a claim to the throne
o Malcom is jealous, he fled to england
o Macduff (the thane of thife) family got murdered by
macbeth
o "the thane of thife had a wife where is she now"
o Malcom (duncans son) being suspicious of macduff
o Doesn’t trust anyone that comes near him.
o Malcom describes himself- macbeth is bloody and faulty,
bag things, but I am even worse
o Acts as if hes holy and virtuous, makes up a king, justice,
stableness (mental)
o Malcom says he is a bad man, to lead him astray, doesn’t
want to be king-
o Macduff responds saying "scotland scotland"
o Macduff is macbeths spy
o Macduff says he wont support malcom
o Malcom likes macduffs passion and nobleness, malcom is
no longer suspicious, shows he wants a good king and is
a good man
o He was testing macduff
o Integrity- wholeness, one sided, opposed to macbeth who
is two sided.
o King of englands support against macbeth.
o Kind of england another example of a good king
o Disease called evil
o Good king touches evil- it vanishes, he heals because he
is so close to god
o "he solicits heaven"- gains gift of faith healing- king
edward
o Christian hierachy- christian audience
Messenger comes from scotland to england to deliver the
message of the murder
Macbeth killed your whole family
He says "my children too?"
He cant believe what hes hearing
"all my pretty chickens?"
Malcom- says take it like a man- use your horror feelings
to insoire you to fight about macbeth- tries to calm him
down
"but I must also feel it like a man"- deal with is healthily
not toxic masculinity- working through these emotions
ACT 5 SCENE 2- BATTLE SCENES
MACBETHS CASTLE- LOOKING OUT
Guards walk there, at the top of the castle, so that you can
see enemies coming
Messenger- looks to birnam
Witches prophecy- u wont die until the birnam wood walks
Camoflauge- looks like the forest is walking
ACT 5 SCENE 9, HOE DOES THE SCENE END
Macbeth main character
He was the one who killed macduffs family and many
others
Lady macbeth brcomes vulnerable
Balance of pity and fear
U empathise and fear
Before he gets beheaded
"the devil damn thee black" - the servant is pale and afraid
Macbeth makes fun of the servant
Showing that theyre afraid, doesn’t want that, put blood on
your face
Inured- to become resistent and apathetic- to the blood
King- seen as gods direct representative
Loyalty to king- needs to supersede the rest
Had to obey the king
Has a fit after hearing that the witches prophecy is true
His doubts and fears are overflowing "to saucy doubts and
fears"
