71

FINITE ELEMENT METHODS Semester 7

Course Code BME701 CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L:T:P: S) 3:0:2:0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 hours Theory + 8­10 Lab slots Total Marks 100
Credits 04 Exam Hours 3
Examination nature (SEE) Theory
Course objectives:
1. To learn basic principles of finite element analysis procedure.
2. To learn the theory and characteristics of finite elements that represent engineering structures.
3. To learn and apply finite element solutions to structural, thermal, dynamic problem to develop the
knowledge and skills needed to effectively evaluate finite element analyses.
Teaching­Learning Process (General Instructions)
These are sample Strategies; that teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various course
outcomes.
There are two components to the course: the theoretical part will expose the key concepts
(weighted­residual method, natural vs. essential boundary conditions, basis functions, error
measures, etc) and the technical details (element types, integration rules, equation assembly,
post­processing, etc). The second component aims at providing hands­on experience with the
method through its application to simple problems (bars, trusses & beams, dynamic and heat
transfer, etc) of engineering interest and to problems that merit the use of a computational tool.
Subject to the pace of the class, practical component is considered using software. The
presentation of the material will be incremental starting from simple one­dimensional problems
in order to illustrate and solidify the concepts and will progress to two­ and three. The emphasis
will be on the basic principles, in the methodology and in the physical interpretation of numerical
results.
MODULE­1
Introduction to FEM:
Introduction to FEM, engineering applications, advantages, General steps, Element types, Convergence
criteria, Coordinate systems, commercial packages­pre­processor, solver and post processor.
Principles of Elasticity: Strain­ displacement relations, Stress­strain relations for 1D, 2D, and 3D cases,
Plain stress and Plain strain conditions,
Introduction to Numerical Methods, Potential energy method, Rayleigh­Ritz method and Galerkin
method­applied to simple problems on axially loaded members, cantilever, simply supported beams, with
point loads and distributed loads.

MODULE­2
One Dimensional Element:
Formulation of a linear bar element, Shape Functions­ Polynomial, The Potential Energy Approach,
derivation of stiffness matrix, Properties of stiffness matrix, Assembly of Global Stiffness Matrix and Load
Vector, Boundary conditions­ elimination method and penalty method. Numerical Problems on straight
and stepped bars. (Problems with 2 elements only).

MODULE­3
Trusses and Beams:
Formulation plane trusses element, Stiffness matrix (No derivation), Numerical Problems on point load,
Formulation beam element, derivation of Hermite shape functions, stiffness matrix and load vector (No
derivations), Numerical Problems on beams carrying concentrated, UDL and couples. (Problems with 2
elements only).
MODULE­4
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Two dimensional Element:

Formulation of triangular and quadrilateral elements. Displacement models and shape functions for
linear and higher order elements, Lagrangian and serendipity elements, Iso parametric – sub parametric
– super parametric elements, Introduction to axisymmetric– triangular elements. Convergence criteria,
pascal triangle. (No numerical problems)
MODULE­5
Dynamic considerations and Heat Transfer:
Dynamic considerations: Formulation for point mass and distributed masses, Consistent mass matrices
for 1­D bar element, computation of eigen values and eigen vectors. Numerical Problems on straight and
stepped bars.
Heat Transfer Problems: Steady state heat transfer, 1D heat conduction governing equation, boundary
conditions, Numerical problems on composite wall, 1D heat transfer in thin fins.

PRACTICAL COMPONENT OF IPCC (May cover all / major modules)

Sl.NO Experiments
1 Bars of constant cross section area, tapered cross section area and stepped bar with different
materials
2 Trusses – (Minimum 3 exercises of different areas of cross sections of links, different supports
such as fixed support, rolling support)
3 Beams – Simply supported, cantilever, beams with point load, UDL, beams with varying load
etc. (Minimum 6 exercises)
4 Stress analysis of a rectangular plate with a circular hole
5 Thermal Analysis – 1D & 2D problem with conduction and convection boundary conditions
(Heat transfer through composite section) Minimum of 2 exercises
6 Natural frequency of beam with fixed – fixed end condition
7 Response of beam with fixed – fixed end conditions subjected to forcing function
8 Demonstrate the use of graphics standards (IGES, STEP etc) to import the model from
modeler to solver
9 Can be Demo experiments for CIE
Demonstrate the use of graphics standards ( IGES, STEP etc ) to import the model from
modeler to solver
10 Can be Demo experiments for CIE
Demonstrate one example of contact analysis to learn the procedure to carry out contact
analysis.
11 Can be Demo experiments for CIE
Demonstrate at least two different type of example to model and analyze bars or plates made
from composite material
Course outcomes (Course Skill Set):
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Understand the concepts behind formulation methods in FEM.
2. Identify the application and characteristics of FEM elements such as bars, beams, plane and iso­
parametric elements.
3. Develop element characteristic equation and generation of global equation.
4. Apply suitable boundary conditions to a global equation for bars, trusses, beams, circular shafts, heat
transfer, fluid flow, axi symmetric and dynamic problems.
5. Solving of displacements, stress and strains induced problems.
Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)
The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE) is 50%.
The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50) and for the
 73

SEE minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50 marks). A student shall be
deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits allotted to each subject/
course if the student secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum total of the CIE
(Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken together.

CIE for the theory component of the IPCC (maximum marks 50)
IPCC means practical portion integrated with the theory of the course.
CIE marks for the theory component are 25 marks and that for the practical component is 25 marks.
25 marks for the theory component are split into 15 marks for two Internal Assessment Tests (Two
Tests, each of 15 Marks with 01­hour duration, are to be conducted) and 10 marks for other
assessment methods mentioned in 22OB4.2. The first test at the end of 40­50% coverage of the
syllabus and the second test after covering 85­90% of the syllabus.
Scaled­down marks of the sum of two tests and other assessment methods will be CIE marks for the
theory component of IPCC (that is for 25 marks).
The student has to secure 40% of 25 marks to qualify in the CIE of the theory component of IPCC.
CIE for the practical component of the IPCC
15 marks for the conduction of the experiment and preparation of laboratory record, and 10 marks
for the test to be conducted after the completion of all the laboratory sessions.
On completion of every experiment/program in the laboratory, the students shall be evaluated
including viva­voce and marks shall be awarded on the same day.
The CIE marks awarded in the case of the Practical component shall be based on the continuous
evaluation of the laboratory report. Each experiment report can be evaluated for 10 marks. Marks of
all experiments’ write­ups are added and scaled down to 15 marks.
The laboratory test (duration 02/03 hours) after completion of all the experiments shall be
conducted for 50 marks and scaled down to 10 marks.
Scaled­down marks of write­up evaluations and tests added will be CIE marks for the laboratory
component of IPCC for 25 marks.
The student has to secure 40% of 25 marks to qualify in the CIE of the practical component of the IPCC.
SEE for IPCC
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common question papers
for the course (duration 03 hours)
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with a
maximum of 3 sub­questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
4. Marks scored by the student shall be proportionally scaled down to 50 Marks
The theory portion of the IPCC shall be for both CIE and SEE, whereas the practical portion will have
a CIE component only. Questions mentioned in the SEE paper may include questions from the
practical component.
Suggested Learning Resources:
Text Books:
1. Logan, D. L., A first course in the finite element method,6th Edition, Cengage Learning, 2016.
2. Rao, S. S., Finite element method in engineering, 5th Edition, Pergaman Int. Library of Science, 2010.
3. Chandrupatla T. R., Finite Elements in engineering, 2nd Edition, PHI, 2013.
4. O. C. Zienkiewicz and Y.K. Cheung, The Finite Element Method in Structural and Soild Mechanics,
McGraw Hill, London
 74

Reference Books:
1. J.N.Reddy, “Finite Element Method”­ McGraw ­Hill International Edition.Bathe K. J. Finite Elements
Procedures, PHI.
2. Cook R. D., et al. “Conceptsand Application of Finite Elements Analysis”­ 4th Edition, Wiley & Sons,
2003.
3. C.S.Krishnamoorty, Finite ElementAnalysis, Tata McGraw­Hill David V. Hutton, Fundamentals of
Finite ElementAnalysis, McGraw Hill
4. D. Maity, Computer Analysis of Framed Structures, I.K. International Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi
5. Erik G. Thompson, Introduction to the Finite Element Method: Theory, Programming and
Applications, John Wiley
Web links and Video Lectures (e­Resources):
http://icas.bf.rtu.lv/doc/Book.pdf
http://www.adina.com/MITRES2_002S10_linear.pdf
https://www.edx.org/course/finite­element­method­fem­analysis­tsinghuax­70120073x

Activity Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/ Practical Based learning

https://www.edx.org/course/hands­introduction­engineering­cornellx­engr2000x
http://nptel.ac.in/courses/112104115/
https://www.coursetalk.com/providers/mit/courses/finite­element­analysis­of­solids­and­fluids­i
https://online­learning.tudelft.nl/courses/linear­modeling­fem/
 75

Hydraulics & Pneumatics Semester 7

Course Code BME702 CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L: T:P: S) 3:0:2:0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 hrs + 8­10 lab sessions Total Marks 100
Credits 04 Exam Hours 3
Examination nature (SEE) Theory
Course objectives:
To provide an insight into the capabilities and applications of hydraulic and pneumatic fluid
power.
To understand concepts and relationships surrounding force, pressure, energy and power in
fluid power systems.
To examine concepts cantering on sources of hydraulic power, rotary and linear actuators,
distribution systems, hydraulic flow in pipes, and control components in fluid power
systems.
Exposure to build and interpret hydraulic and pneumatic circuits related to industrial
applications.
To familiarize with logic controls and trouble shooting

Teaching­Learning Process (General Instructions)

These are sample Strategies, which teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various
course outcomes.
1. Intellectual skills; Concept of how to understand the procedures and codes for hydraulics and
pneumatics
2. Cognitive strategy; Learner will use personal strategies to think and organise the course.
3. By creating learning activity to accomplish the course outcome.
4. By preparing ppt, showing animated videos and by giving some field­based activity.

Module­1
Introduction to fluid power systems
Fluid power system: components, advantages and applications. Transmission of power at static
and dynamic states. Pascal’s law and its applications.
Fluids for hydraulic system: types, properties, and selection. Additives, effect of temperature and
pressure on hydraulic fluid. Seals, sealing materials, compatibility of seal with fluids. Fluid
conditioning through filters, strainers; sources of contamination and contamination control; heat
exchangers.
Module­2
Pumps and Actuators
Pumps: Classification of pumps, pumping theory of positive displacement pumps, construction and
working of Gear pumps, Vane pumps, Piston pumps, fixed and variable displacement pumps, Pump
performance characteristics, pump selection factors, problems on pumps.
Actuators: Classification cylinder and hydraulic motors, Hydraulic cylinders, single and double
acting cylinder, mounting arrangements, cushioning, special types of cylinders, problems on
cylinders. Construction and working of rotary actuators such as gear, vane, piston motors, and
Hydraulic Motor. Theoretical torque, power, flow rate, and hydraulic motor performance; numerical
problems. Symbolic representation of hydraulic actuators (cylinders and motors).
Accumulators: Types, selection/ applications of accumulators
Module­3
 76

Components and Hydraulic Circuit Design

Components: Classification of control valves, Directional Control Valves­symbolic representation,
constructional features of poppet, sliding spool, shuttle valve, and check valves.
Pressure control valves ­ types, direct operated types and pilot operated types.
Flow Control Valves ­compensated and non­compensated FCV, needle valve, temperature
compensated, pressure compensated, pressure and temperature compensated FCV, symbolic
representation.
Hydraulic Circuit Design: Control of single and Double ­acting hydraulic cylinder, regenerative
circuit, pump unloading circuit, double pump hydraulic system, counterbalance valve application,
hydraulic cylinder sequencing circuits, cylinder synchronizing circuit using different methods,
hydraulic circuit for force multiplication; speed control of hydraulic cylinder metering in, metering
out. Hydraulic circuit examples with accumulator.
Module­4
Pneumatic Power Systems
Introduction to Pneumatic systems: Pneumatic power system, advantages, limitations,
applications, Choice of working medium. Characteristics of compressed air and air compressors.
Structure of pneumatic control System, fluid conditioners­dryers and FRL unit.
Pneumatic Actuators: Linear cylinder – types of cylinders, working, end position cushioning, seals,
mounting arrangements, and applications. Rotary cylinders­ types, construction and application,
symbols.
Pneumatic Control Valves: DCV such as poppet, spool, suspended seat type slide valve, pressure
control valves, flow control valves, types and construction, use of memory valve, Quick exhaust
valve, time delay valve.

Module­5
Pneumatic Control Circuits
Simple Pneumatic Control: Direct and indirect actuation pneumatic cylinders, speed control of
cylinders ­ supply air throttling and exhaust air throttling.
Signal Processing Elements: Use of Logic gates ­ OR and AND gates in pneumatic applications.
Practical examples involving the use of logic gates.
Multi­ Cylinder Application: Coordinated and sequential motion control, motion and control
diagrams. Signal elimination methods, Cascading method­ principle, Practical application examples
(up to two cylinders) using cascading method (using reversing valves).

PRACTICAL COMPONENT OF IPCC (May cover all / major modules)

Sl.NO Experiments
1 A] Study of Construction and working Hydraulic pumps and Pneumatic
B] Study of Hydraulic and Pneumatic valves.
C] Study of solenoid valves, limit switches. Pressure, flow control valve
2 Basic hydraulic circuit for the working of double acting cylinder and a hydraulic motor
3 Basic pneumatic circuit for the working of single and double acting cylinder.
4 Speed control circuits. Different Metering methods Inlet & outlet flow control (meter­in &
meter­out circuit)
5 Circuits for the Use of different direction control valves and valve actuation in single And
double acting cylinder, and multi actuation circuit.
6 Hydraulic Counter­balancing circuit.
 77

7 Hydraulic or Pneumatic Regenerative circuit.

8 Hydraulic or Pneumatic Sequencing circuit.
9 Can be Demo experiments for CIE
Circuit with cam operated pilot valves operating a pilot operated 4way direction control
Valve or proximity/ limit switches, solenoid operated 4way direction control valve for
Auto reversing circuit.
10 Can be Demo experiments for CIE
Study of hydraulics and Pneumatics circuit, based on the industrial application. (At least
one in each)

Course outcome (Course Skill Set)

At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
CO1: Identify and analyse the functional requirements of a fluid power transmission system for a
given application.
CO2: Understand the operation, application, and maintenance of common fluid power components
such as pumps, actuators and accumulators.
CO3: Design an appropriate hydraulic or pneumatic circuit or combination circuit like electro­
hydraulics, electro­ pneumatics for a given application.
CO4: Explain the pneumatic working media, applications and components of pneumatic system.
CO5: Develop a comprehensive circuit diagram by integrating the components selected for the
given application using signal processing element.
Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)
The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE) is
50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50)
and for the SEE minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50 marks). A
student shall be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits allotted
to each subject/ course if the student secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum
total of the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken
together.

CIE for the theory component of the IPCC (maximum marks 50)
IPCC means practical portion integrated with the theory of the course.
CIE marks for the theory component are 25 marks and that for the practical component is 25
marks.
25 marks for the theory component are split into 15 marks for two Internal Assessment Tests
(Two Tests, each of 15 Marks with 01­hour duration, are to be conducted) and 10 marks for
other assessment methods mentioned in 22OB4.2. The first test at the end of 40­50% coverage
of the syllabus and the second test after covering 85­90% of the syllabus.
Scaled­down marks of the sum of two tests and other assessment methods will be CIE marks for
the theory component of IPCC (that is for 25 marks).
The student has to secure 40% of 25 marks to qualify in the CIE of the theory component of
IPCC.
CIE for the practical component of the IPCC
15 marks for the conduction of the experiment and preparation of laboratory record, and 10
marks for the test to be conducted after the completion of all the laboratory sessions.
On completion of every experiment/program in the laboratory, the students shall be evaluated
including viva­voce and marks shall be awarded on the same day.
The CIE marks awarded in the case of the Practical component shall be based on the continuous
evaluation of the laboratory report. Each experiment report can be evaluated for 10 marks.
Marks of all experiments’ write­ups are added and scaled down to 15 marks.
The laboratory test (duration 02/03 hours) after completion of all the experiments shall be
 78

conducted for 50 marks and scaled down to 10 marks.

Scaled­down marks of write­up evaluations and tests added will be CIE marks for the laboratory
component of IPCC for 25 marks.
The student has to secure 40% of 25 marks to qualify in the CIE of the practical component of
the IPCC.
SEE for IPCC
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common question
papers for the course (duration 03 hours)
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with a
maximum of 3 sub­questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
4. Marks scored by the student shall be proportionally scaled down to 50 Marks
5. The theory portion of the IPCC shall be for both CIE and SEE, whereas the practical
portion will have a CIE component only. Questions mentioned in the SEE paper may
include questions from the practical component.
Suggested Learning Resources:
List of Text Books:
1. Anthony Esposito, “Fluid Power with applications”, Pearson edition, 2000.
2. Majumdar S.R., “Oil Hydraulics”, Tala McGRaw HllL, 2002.
3. Majumdar S.R., “Pneumatic systems ­ Principles and Maintenance”, Tata McGraw­Hill, New
Delhi, 2005

Reference Books:
1. John Pippenger, Tyler Hicks, “Industrial Hydraulics”, McGraw Hill International Edition,
1980.
2. Andrew Par, Hydraulics and pneumatics, Jaico Publishing House, 2005.
3. FESTO, Fundamentals of Pneumatics, Vol I, II and III.
4. Herbert E. Merritt, “Hydraulic Control Systems”, John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
5. Thomson, Introduction to Fluid power, Prentcie HaIl, 2004.
6. John Watton, “Fundamentals of fluid power control”, Cambridge University press, 2012.
Web links and Video Lectures (e­Resources):
. List of URLs, Text Books, Notes, Multimedia Content, etc
1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/112105047/
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8xd7cWvMrvE
3. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/105103096/
4. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/112105047/37

Activity Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/ Practical Based learning

1. Basic laws of hydraulics and Power in hydraulic system used in fluid power system.
2. Prepare working models of hydraulic crane using waste injections used by doctors. (
Laboratory based)
3. Prepare report of agriculture equipment’s working on hydraulics and pneumatics (Field
based)
4. Collect technical specifications of pumps and motors and actuators. (Internet based)
5. Prepare visit report to observe use of pneumatic system used in automobile, Medical and
agriculture (Field based)
6. Constructions and working of different types of circuits for various applications using
hydraulic and pneumatic kit (portable).
7. Collections of animation videos of pumps, motors, actuators and Filters.( Software
based)
8. Market survey of hydraulic oils used in hydraulic system. (Field based)
 79

CONTROL ENGINEERING Semester 7th

Course Code BME703 CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L: T:P: S) (3:0:0:0) SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 Total Marks 100
Credits 03 Exam Hours 3
Examination type (SEE) Theory
Course objectives:
Study the fundamental concepts of Control systems and their mathematical modelling.
Study the concept of time and frequency response of the system.
Study the stability analysis of the control system.
Teaching­Learning Process (General Instructions)
These are sample Strategies, which teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various
course outcomes.
1. Adopt teaching methods using PowerPoint presentation, Video demonstration.
2. Use of appropriate software tools to demonstrate the frequency response of the systems.
3. Adopt collaborative (Group Learning) learning in the class.
4. Adopt problem­based learning which fosters student’s analytical skills and develop thinking
skills.
Module­1
Introduction: Concept of automatic controls, Open loop and closed loop systems, Concepts of
feedback, requirements of an ideal control system.
Types of controllers: Proportional, Integral Proportional Integral, Proportional Integral
Differential controllers.
Mathematical Models: Transfer function models, models of mechanical systems, models of
electrical circuits, models of thermal systems and models of hydraulic systems.
Module­2
Block Diagrams and Signal Flow Graphs: Transfer Functions definition, block representation of
systems elements, reduction of block diagrams, Signal flow graphs: Mason’s gain formula.
System Compensation: Series and feedback compensation, Lead compensator, Lag Compensator.
Module­3
Transient and Steady State Response Analysis: Introduction, test inputs, first order and second
order system response to step, ramp and impulse inputs, concepts of time constant and its
importance in speed of response. Steady state error, error constants.
Module­4
System stability: Routh’s stability Criterion
Root Locus Plots: Definition of root loci, General rules for constructing root loci, Analysis using root
locus plots.
Module­5
Frequency Response Analysis: Polar plots, Nyquist stability criterion, Bode Plots, Determination
of phase margin and gain margin using Bode plot.
Course outcome (Course Skill Set)
At the end of the course, the student will be able to :
1. Explain the control system and its types, control actions and develop system governing
equations for physical models (Mechanical, Electrical, Thermal &Hydraulic Systems)
2. Analysis on the response of control system for standard test signals.
3. Apply block diagram & signal flow representations to obtain transfer function of control
systems.
4. Analyse the stability of transfer functions in complex domain and frequency domain.
 80

Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)

The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE) is
50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50)
and for the SEE minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50 marks). A
student shall be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits allotted
to each subject/ course if the student secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum
total of the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken
together.
Continuous Internal Evaluation:
The CIE is the sum of Average of Two Internal Assessment Tests each of 25 marks and Any two
Assessment methods for 25 marks.
The first test will be administered after 40­50% of the syllabus has been covered, and the
second test will be administered after 85­90% of the syllabus has been covered
Any two assessment methods mentioned in the 22OB , if an assignment is project­based then
only one assignment for the course shall be planned. The teacher should not conduct two
assignments at the end of the semester if two assignments are planned.
For the course, CIE marks will be based on a scaled­down sum of two tests and other methods of
assessment for a total of 50 marks.
Internal Assessment Test question paper is designed to attain the different levels of Bloom’s
taxonomy as per the outcome defined for the course.
Semester­End Examination:
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common question
papers for the course (duration 03 hours).
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with a
maximum of 3 sub­questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
4. Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks.
Suggested Learning Resources:
Books
1. Modern Control Engineering, Katsuhiko Ogatta, Pearson Education, Fifth edition.
2. Modern Control Systems, Richard.C.Dorf and Robert.H.Bishop, Addison Wesley, Thirteenth
Edition.
3. Control Systems Principles and Design, M.Gopal, Fourth Edition, TMH.
4. Automatic Control Systems, Benjamin C. Kuo, Farid Golnaraghi, McGraw Hill Education, Tenth
Edition
Web links and Video Lectures (e­Resources):
https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc22_ee31/preview
https://plc­coep.vlabs.ac.in/exp/pid­controller/index.html
Activity Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/ Practical Based learning
Frequency response of control system using MATLAB/SCILAB or any open­source software
tools.
 81

Additive manufacturing Semester 7

Course Code BME714A CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L: T:P: S) 3­0­0­0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 Total Marks 100
Credits 03 Exam Hours 03
Examination nature (SEE) Theory
Course objectives:
To know the principal methods, areas of usage, possibilities and limitations of the Additive
Manufacturing technologies.
To be familiar with the characteristics of the different materials those are used in Additive
Manufacturing.
To know the principles of polymerization and powder metallurgy process, extrusion­based
system printing processes, sheet lamination processes, beam deposition processes, direct
write technologies Direct Digital Manufacturing.
To get exposed to process selection, software issues and post processing.

Teaching­Learning Process (General Instructions)

These are sample Strategies, which teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various
course outcomes.
1. Adopt different types of teaching methods to develop the outcomes through PowerPoint
presentations and Video demonstrations or Simulations.
2. Chalk and Talk method for Problem Solving.
3. Adopt flipped classroom teaching method.
4. Adopt collaborative (Group Learning) learning in the class.
5. Adopt Problem Based Learning (PBL), which fosters students’ analytical skills and develops
thinking skills such as evaluating, generalizing, and analysing information.
Module­1
Introduction and basic principles: Need for Additive Manufacturing, Generic AM process, stereo
lithography or 3dprinting, rapid prototyping, the benefits of AM, distinction between AM and CNC
machining, other related technologies­ reverse engineering technology.
Development of Additive Manufacturing Technology: Introduction, computers, computer­aided
design technology, other associated technologies, the use of layers, classification of AM processes,
metals systems, hybrid systems, milestones in AM development.
Additive Manufacturing Process chain: Introduction, the eight steps in additive manufacture,
variations from one AM machine to another, metal systems, maintenance of equipment, materials
handling issues, design for AM, and application areas.

Module­2
Photo polymerization processes: Stereo lithography (SL), Materials, SL resin curing process,
Micro­ Stereo lithography, Process Benefits and Drawbacks, Applications of Photo polymerization
Processes.
Powder bed fusion processes: Introduction, Selective laser Sintering (SLS), Materials, Powder
fusion mechanism, SLS Metal and ceramic part creation, Electron Beam melting (EBM), Process
Benefits and Drawbacks, Applications of Powder Bed Fusion Processes.
Extrusion­based systems: Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), Principles, Materials, Plotting and
path control, Bio­Extrusion, Process Benefits and Drawbacks, Applications of Extrusion­Based
Processes.
Module­3
 82

Printing Processes: evolution of printing as an additive manufacturing process, research

achievements in printing deposition, technical challenges of printing, printing process modelling,
material modification methods, three­dimensional printing, advantages of binder printing
Sheet Lamination Processes: Materials, Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM), Ultrasonic
Consolidation (UC), Gluing, Thermal bonding, LOM and UC applications.
Beam Deposition Processes: introduction, general beam deposition process, description material
delivery, BD systems, process parameters, typical materials and microstructure, processing–
structure–properties relationships, BD benefits and drawbacks.
Direct Write Technologies: Background, ink –based DW, laser transfer, DW thermals pray, DW
beam deposition, DW liquid­phase direct deposition.
Module­4
Guidelines for Process Selection: Introduction, selection methods for apart, challenges of selection,
example system for preliminary selection, production planning and control.
Software issues for Additive Manufacturing: Introduction, preparation of cad models – the STL file,
problems with STL files, STL file manipulation.
Post­ Processing: Support material removal, surface texture improvements, preparation for use as a
pattern, property enhancements using non­thermal techniques and thermal techniques.

Module­5
The use of multiple materials in additive manufacturing: Introduction, multiple material
approaches, discrete multiple material processes, porous multiple material processes, blended
multiple material processes, commercial applications using multiple materials, future directions.
AM Applications: Examples for Aerospace, defence, automobile, Bio­medical and general
engineering industries. Direct digital manufacturing: Align Technology, Siemens and Phonak, DDM
drivers, manufacturing vs. prototyping, lifecycle costing, future of direct digital manufacturing.
Course outcome (Course Skill Set)
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Demonstrate the knowledge of the broad range of AM processes, devices, capabilities and
materials that are available.
2. Demonstrate the knowledge of the broad range of AM processes, devices, capabilities and
materials that are available.
3. Describe the various software tools, processes and techniques that enable advanced/additive
manufacturing.
4. Apply the concepts of additive manufacturing to design and create components that satisfy
product development/prototyping requirements, using advanced/additive manufacturing
devices and processes.
5. Elucidate characterization techniques in additive manufacturing.
6. Illustrate the latest trends and business opportunities in additive manufacturing.
 83

Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)

The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE) is
50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50) and
for the SEE minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50 marks). A student
shall be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits allotted to each
subject/ course if the student secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum total of
the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken together.
Continuous Internal Evaluation:
The CIE is the sum of Average of Two Internal Assessment Tests each of 25 marks and Any two
Assessment methods for 25 marks.
The first test will be administered after 40­50% of the syllabus has been covered, and the
second test will be administered after 85­90% of the syllabus has been covered
Any two assessment methods mentioned in the 22OB , if an assignment is project­based then
only one assignment for the course shall be planned. The teacher should not conduct two
assignments at the end of the semester if two assignments are planned.
For the course, CIE marks will be based on a scaled­down sum of two tests and other methods of
assessment for a total of 50 marks
Internal Assessment Test question paper is designed to attain the different levels of Bloom’s
taxonomy as per the outcome defined for the course.
Semester­End Examination:
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common question
papers for the course (duration 03 hours).
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with
a maximum of 3 sub­questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
4. Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks.
Suggested Learning Resources:
Books
1. Additive Manufacturing Technologies Rapid Prototyping to Direct Digital Manufacturing I.
Gibson l D. W. Rosen l B. Stucker Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht, London ISBN: 978­
1­ 4419­1119­3 e­ISBN: 978­ 1­4419­ 1120­9 DOI 10.1007/978 ­1­4419­ 1120­9
2. “Rapid Prototyping: Principles & Applications Chua Chee Kai, Leong Kah Fai World Scientific
2003
3. Rapid Prototyping: Theory & Practice Ali K. Kamrani, Springer 2006 Emand Abouel Nasr,
4. Rapid Manufacturing: The Technologies and Applications of Rapid Prototyping and Rapid
Tooling” D.T. Pham, S.S. Dimov Springer 2001
5. Rapid Prototyping: Principles and Applications in Manufacturing Rafiq Nooran John Wiley &
Sons 2006
6. Additive Manufacturing Technology Hari Prasad, A.V. Suresh Cengage 2019
7. Understanding additive manufacturing: rapid prototyping, rapid tooling, rapid manufacturing
Andreas Gebhardt

Web links and Video Lectures (e­Resources):

.
Activity Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/ Practical Based learning
Case studies
Quiz
Topic Seminar presentation
Assignments
 84

Product Design and Management Semester 7th

Course Code BME714B CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L: T:P: S) 3­0­0­0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 Total Marks 100
Credits 03 Exam Hours 03
Examination nature (SEE) Theory
Course objectives:
Understanding the user­centred design process including form and colour theory.
Understanding product metamorphosis, and ergonomics..
Implement the principles of ergonomics and how to apply the principles to industrial
design.
Understand the importance and techniques of human biological data collection and
experiments.
Obtain a knowledge and ability towards Accident Investigation and Safety Management.

Teaching­Learning Process (General Instructions)

These are sample Strategies, which teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various
course outcomes.
1. Adopt different types of teaching methods to develop the outcomes through PowerPoint
presentations and Video demonstrations or Simulations.
2. Chalk and Talk method for Problem Solving.
3. Adopt flipped classroom teaching method.
4. Adopt collaborative (Group Learning) learning in the class.
5. Adopt Problem Based Learning (PBL), which fosters students’ analytical skills and develops
thinking skills such as evaluating, generalizing, and analysing information.

Module­1
Introduction to Product Design: Asimows Model: Definition of product design, Design by
Evaluation, Design by Innovation, Essential Factors of Product Design, Flow and Value Addition in
the Production­Consumption Cycle. The Morphology of Design (The seven Phase), Primary Design
phase and flowcharting, role of Allowance, Process Capability.
Module­2
Ergonomics and Industrial Design: Introduction ­general approach to the man­ machine
relationship­ workstation design­working position.
Ergonomics and Production: Ergonomics and product design –ergonomics in automated
systems­ expert systems for ergonomic design. Anthropometric data and its applications in
ergonomic, design­ limitations of anthropometric data use of computerized database. Case study.

Module­3
Aesthetic Concepts: Concept of unity­ concept of order with variety ­ concept of purpose style and
environment­ Aesthetic expressions. Style components of style­ house style, observation style in
capital goods, case study.
Module­4
Visual Effects of Line and Form: The mechanics of seeing­ psychology of seeing general influences
of line and form.
Colour: Colour and light ­colour and objects­ colour and the eye ­colour consistency­ colour terms­
reactions to colour and colour continuation ­colour on engineering equipment’s.
 85

Module­5
Ergonomics of Technology Management: Office Systems and Ergonomics, Consumer
Ergonomics, Ergonomics Quality and Safety, Quality of Life

Course outcome (Course Skill Set)

At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Illustrate the concept of product design and the ergonomics.
2. Design the various controls and displays by knowing the anthropometric data.
3. Charaterize the psychology of visuals effects.
4. Evaluate the different colour combinations for optimal design of engineering equipments.
5. Understand the importance of environmental factors and aesthetics in industrial design and
management.

Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)

The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE) is
50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50) and
for the SEE minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50 marks). A student
shall be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits allotted to each
subject/ course if the student secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum total of
the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken together.

Continuous Internal Evaluation:

The CIE is the sum of Average of Two Internal Assessment Tests each of 25 marks and Any
two Assessment methods for 25 marks.
The first test will be administered after 40­50% of the syllabus has been covered, and the
second test will be administered after 85­90% of the syllabus has been covered
Any two assessment methods mentioned in the 22OB , if an assignment is project­based
then only one assignment for the course shall be planned. The teacher should not conduct
two assignments at the end of the semester if two assignments are planned.
For the course, CIE marks will be based on a scaled­down sum of two tests and other methods
of assessment for a total of 50 marks
Internal Assessment Test question paper is designed to attain the different levels of Bloom’s
taxonomy as per the outcome defined for the course.

Semester­End Examination:
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common question
papers for the course (duration 03 hours).
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with
a maximum of 3 sub­questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
4. Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks.
Suggested Learning Resources:
Books
1. Human Factors in Engineering and Design By Sanders & Mccormick (McGrawHill Publication)
2. Occupational Ergonomics – Principles and Applications By Tayyari & Smith (Chapman & Hall
Publication)
3. The Power of Ergonomics as a Competitive Strategy By Gross & Right (Productivity Press)
4. Industrial Design for Engineers ­ Mayall W.H. ­ London Hiffee books Ltd. ­1988.
 86
85

5. Applied Ergonomics Hand Book ­ Brain Shakel (Edited) ­ Butterworth scientific. London ­
1988. 6. Introduction to Ergonomics ­ R. C. Bridger ­ McGraw Hill Publications ­ 1995.
6. Human Factor Engineering ­ Sanders & McCormick – McGraw Hill Publications – 6th edition,
2002.
7. Ulrich, Karl T, Eppinger, Steven D, ‘Product Design and Development’, McGraw­Hill, 2004.
8. Bridger RS, ‘Introduction to Human Factors & Ergonomics’, Fourth Edition, Taylor & Francis,
2010.
9. Dul. J and Weerdmeester B, ‘Ergonomics for beginners, a quick reference guide, Taylor &
Francis, 2008

Web links and Video Lectures (e­Resources):

.
Activity Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/ Practical Based learning
Anthropometry
Hand strength and Back strength
Measurement of Environmental Factors
Grip Strength – Hand and Pinch
 87

IC ENGINES Semester 7th

Course Code BME714C CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L:T:P: S) 3:0:0:0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 hours Total Marks 100
Credits 03 Exam Hours 03
Examination type (SEE) Theory

Course objectives:
To give an overview of Internal Combustion Engines, their classification, applications,
operation and processes.
To describe combustion phenomena in IC engines
To give complete knowledge of type of fuels used in IC engines and the fuel supply systems.
To explain the different performance analysis of IC engines
To explain the effects of exhaust emission on human health and various pollution norms

Teaching­Learning Process (General Instructions)

These are sample Strategies, which teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various
course outcomes.
Adopt different types of teaching methods to develop the outcomes through PowerPoint
presentations and Video demonstrations or Simulations.
Arrange visits to show the live working models other than laboratory topics.
Adopt collaborative (Group Learning) Learning in the class.
Adopt Problem Based Learning (PBL), which foster students’ Analytical skills and develops
Thinking skills such as evaluating, generalizing, and analyzing information.

Module­1
I.C. Engines ­ Classification based on multi cylinder engine, firing order, selection criteria of IC
engines based on application, materials and manufacturing processes of ICE components.
Thermodynamic cycle analysis– Deviation from ideal processes. Effect of chemical equilibrium
and variable specific heats. Effect of air fuel ratio and exhaust gas dilution. Calculation of
combustion temperatures. Use of combustion charts. Simple. numerical problems.
Module­2
Carburetion and combustion process in S.I. engines: Mixture requirements in S.I engine. Simple
Carburettor and its limitations. Knock fee and knocking combustion­Theories of combustion
process in S.I. engines. Effect of Knock on engine performance. Effect of operating variables on
knocking. Knock rating of fuels­octane number. HUCR values. Anti knock agents ­ Pre­ignition ­ Post
ignition.
Combustion in C.I. engines: Ricardo's three stages of combustion process in C.I. engines. Delay
period & factors affecting delay period. Diesel knock­ Methods of controlling diesel knock. Knock
rating of Diesel fuels.
Module­3
Combustion chambers: Requirements of combustion chambers. Features of different types of
combustion chambers system for S.I. engine. I­head, F­head combustion chambers. C.I. engine
combustion chambers­Air swirl turbulence­M. type combustion chamber. Comparison of various
types of combustion chambers.
Fuels: Hydro carbons ­ chemical structure­influence of chemical structure on knock alternative
fuels­Alcohols­vegetable oils­ Bio gas as Diesel engine fuels.
Module­4
 88

Fuel injection systems: Diesel injection systems­jerk pump injectors Nozzles of different types­
Petrol injection systems for S.I. engines­Electronic fuel injection system. Cooling system­ Water
cooling, air cooling & liquid cooling­role of thermostats­radiator construction.

Module­5
Modern developments: Turbo charging and super charging of I.C.Engines, Stratified charge
engines (Lean burned SI engine) Multi fuel engines, Rotary piston engine, Two injector engines Pilot
ignition engine, all ceramic swirl chamber engines.
Emission regulation and Control systems: Mechanism of pollutant formation. Total emission
control package thermal reactor package­catalytic converter package­control of NOX ­Exhaust gas
recirculation­Water injection.
Course outcome (Course Skill Set)
At the end of the course, the student will be able to :
CO1: Understand various types of I.C. Engines, Cycles of operation and Identify fuel metering, fuel
supply systems for different types of engines.
CO2: Explain the operating characteristics and thermodynamic analysis of common internal
combustion engine cycles.
CO3: Understand combustion phenomena in SI and CI engines and Analyze the effect of various
operating variables on engine performance.
CO4: To analyze the combustion process of common fuels.
CO5: Understand the conventional and non­conventional fuels and effects of emission formation
of IC engines, its effects and the legislation standards.
Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)
The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE) is
50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50)
and for the SEE minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50 marks). A
student shall be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits allotted
to each subject/ course if the student secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum
total of the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken
together.
Continuous Internal Evaluation:
The CIE is the sum of Average of Two Internal Assessment Tests each of 25 marks and Any two
Assessment methods for 25 marks.
The first test will be administered after 40­50% of the syllabus has been covered, and the
second test will be administered after 85­90% of the syllabus has been covered
Any two assessment methods mentioned in the 22OB , if an assignment is project­based then
only one assignment for the course shall be planned. The teacher should not conduct two
assignments at the end of the semester if two assignments are planned.
For the course, CIE marks will be based on a scaled­down sum of two tests and other methods of
assessment for a total of 50 marks.
Internal Assessment Test question paper is designed to attain the different levels of Bloom’s
taxonomy as per the outcome defined for the course.
Semester­End Examination:
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common question
papers for the course (duration 03 hours).
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with a
maximum of 3 sub­questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
4. Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks.
 89

Suggested Learning Resources:

Test Books
1. Heywood J.B., “Internal combustion Engine Fundamentals”, McGraw Hill, 1988
2. Domkundwar V.M., “Internal combustion Engines”, 6th Ed.Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co.
3. PulkrabekW , “Internal combustion engines”, 8th Ed.; Dhanpat Rai publication.,2003,

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Ganesan V , “Internal combustion Engine and Air Pollution”, Intext Educational Pub,1974.
2. Ferguson and Kirkpatric; Internal Combustion Engines, by Wiley publishers.

Web links and Video Lectures (e­Resources):

https://youtu.be/vIJ50aUiBgM
https://youtu.be/fTAUq6G9apg
https://youtu.be/_Ko0jJsQWxA
https://youtu.be/GR0oI5sDCww
https://youtu.be/sz8cqygvPC4
https://youtu.be/GWav5n1x6hQ

Activity Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/ Practical Based learning

1. Demonstration of IC engine.
2. Overhauling of IC engine (assembling and disassembling of 4­cylinder diesel jeep engine).
3. Emission test of IC engine vehicles.
4. Video demonstration of latest trends in IC engine.
5. Visit to nearest automotive sales and service shop.
 90

Cryogenics Semester 7th

Course Code BME714D CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L:T:P: S) 3­0­0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 Total Marks 100
Credits 03 Exam Hours 3
Examination type (SEE) Theory/practical/Viva­Voce /Term­work/Others
Course Objectives:
1. To understand cryogenic system and gas liquefaction system
2. To analyze gas cycle cryogenic refrigeration system
3. To Comprehend gas separation and gas purification system
4. To have detailed knowledge of vacuum technology, insulation, storage of cryogenic liquids
5. To study applications of cryogenics and to embark on cryogenic fluid

Teaching­Learning Process (General Instructions)

These are sample Strategies, which teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various
course outcomes.
Adopt different types of teaching methods to develop the outcomes through PowerPoint
presentations and Video demonstrations.
Chalk and Talk method for Problem Solving.
Adopt collaborative (Group Learning) learning in the class.
Module­1
Introduction to Cryogenic Systems: Cryogenic propellants and its applications, liquid hydrogen,
liquid nitrogen, and liquid Helium The thermodynamically Ideal system Production of low
temperatures – Joule Thompson Effect, Adiabatic expansion. Gas Liquefaction Systems:
Liquefaction systems for Air Simple Linde –Hampson System, Claude System, Heylndt System,
Dual pressure, Claude. Liquefaction cycle Kapitza System. Comparison of Liquefaction Cycles
Liquefaction cycle for hydrogen, helium and Neon, Critical components of liquefaction systems.
Module­2
Gas Cycle Cryogenic Refrigeration Systems: Classification of Cryo coolers, Stirling cycle Cryo –
refrigerators, Ideal cycle – working principle. Schmidt‘s analysis of Stirling cycle, Various
configurations of Stirling cycle refrigerators, Integral piston Stirlingcryo­cooler, Free displacer
split type StirlingCryo coolers, Gifford Mcmahon Cryo­ refrigerator, Pulse tube refrigerator,
Solvay cycle refrigerator, Vuillimier refrigerator, Cryogenic regenerators.
Module­3
Gas Separation and Gas Purification Systems Thermodynamic ideal separation system, Properties
of mixtures, Principles of gas separation, Linde single column air separation. Linde double column
air separation, Argon and Neon separation systems. Ultra Low Temperature Cryo – Refrigerators
Magneto Caloric Refrigerator 3He­4He Dilution refrigerator. Pomeranchuk cooling. Measurement
systems for low temperatures, Temperature measurement at low temperatures, Resistance
thermometers, Thermocouples, Thermistors, Gas Thermometry. Liquid level sensors.
Module­4
Vacuum Technology Vacuum Technology: Fundamental principles. Production of high vacuum,
Mechanical vacuum pumps, Diffusion pumps, Cryo­pumping, Measurement of high vacuum level.
Cryogenic Insulation: Heat transfer due to conduction, Evacuated porous insulation Powder &
Fibers Opacified powder insulation, Gas filled powders & Fibrous materials Multilayer super­
insulation, Composite insulation
Module­5
 91

Cryogenic Fluid Storage and Transfer Systems Design of cryogenic fluid storage vessels, Inner
vessel, Outer Insulation, Suspension system, Fill and drain lines. Cryogenic fluid transfer, External
pressurization, Self­pressurization, Transfer pump. Application of Cryogenic Systems Cryogenic
application for food preservation – Instant Quick Freezing Techniques Super conductive devices,
Cryogenic applications for space technology. Application of cryogenic systems, super conducting
devices, space technology, cryogenic in biology and medicine.
Course outcome (Course Skill Set)
At the end of the course, the student will be able to :
1. Understand the cryogenic system.
2. Demonstrate the complete knowledge of cryogenic refrigeration system
3. Design gas separation and gas purification systems
4. Solve the problem in , insulation, storage of cryogenic liquids
5. Apply cryogenic in various areas and to be able take up research in cryogenics

Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)

The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE) is
50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50)
and for the SEE minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50 marks). A
student shall be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits allotted
to each subject/ course if the student secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum
total of the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken
together.

Continuous Internal Evaluation:

The CIE is the sum of Average of Two Internal Assessment Tests each of 25 marks and Any two
Assessment methods for 25 marks.
The first test will be administered after 40­50% of the syllabus has been covered, and the
second test will be administered after 85­90% of the syllabus has been covered
Any two assessment methods mentioned in the 22OB , if an assignment is project­based then
only one assignment for the course shall be planned. The teacher should not conduct two
assignments at the end of the semester if two assignments are planned.
For the course, CIE marks will be based on a scaled­down sum of two tests and other methods of
assessment for a total of 50 marks.
Internal Assessment Test question paper is designed to attain the different levels of Bloom’s
taxonomy as per the outcome defined for the course.

Semester­End Examination:
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common question
papers for the course (duration 03 hours).
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with a
maximum of 3 sub­questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
4. Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks.
 92

Suggested Learning Resources:

Text Books
1. Cryogenic Systems – R.F. Barron
2. Cryogenic Engineering – R.B. Scott – D.VanNostrand Company, 1959
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Cryogenic Process Engineering – K.D. Timmerhaus and T.M. Flynn, Plenum Press, New
York,1989
2. High Vacuum Technology – A. Guthree – New Age International Publication
3. Experimental Techniques in Low Temperature Physics – G.K. White – Oxford University
Press,
Web links and Video Lectures (e­Resources):
VTU­E­learning.
NPTEL

Activity Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/ Practical Based learning

Quiz
Topic Seminar presentation
Assignments
 93

NON­TRADITIONAL MACHINING Semester VII

Course Code BME755A CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L: T:P: S) 3:0:0:0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 hrs Total Marks 100
Credits 03 Exam Hours 3
Examination type (SEE) Theory
Course objectives:
To learn various concepts related to modern machining processes & their applications.
To appreciate the differences between conventional and non­conventional machining processes.
To acquire a functional understanding of non­traditional manufacturing equipment.
To know about various process parameters and their influence on performance and their
applications.
To impart knowledge on various types of energy involved in non­traditional machining
processes.
Teaching­Learning Process (General Instructions)
These are sample Strategies, which teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various
course outcomes.
Adopt different types of teaching methods to develop the outcomes through PowerPoint
presentations and Video demonstrations or Simulations.
Arrange visits to show the live working models other than laboratory topics.
Adopt collaborative (Group Learning) Learning in the class.
Adopt Problem Based Learning (PBL), which foster students’ Analytical skills and develops
Thinking skills such as evaluating, generalizing, and analyzing information.

Module­1
Introduction to Non­traditional machining, Need for Non­traditional machining process, Comparison
between traditional and non­traditional machining, general classification Non­traditional machining
processes, classification based on nature of energy employed in machining, selection of non­
traditional machining processes, Specific advantages, limitations and applications of non­traditional
machining processes.
Module­2
Ultrasonic Machining (USM): Introduction, Equipment and material process, Effect of process
parameters: Effect of amplitude and frequency, Effect of abrasive grain diameter, effect of slurry, tool
& work material. Process characteristics: Material removal rate, tool wear, accuracy, surface finish,
applications, advantages & limitations of USM.
Abrasive Jet Machining (AJM):
Introduction, Equipment and process of material removal, process variables: carrier gas, type of
abrasive, work material, stand­off distance (SOD). Process characteristics­Material removal rate,
Nozzle wear, accuracy & surface finish. Applications, advantages & limitations of AJM.

Module­3
ELECTROCHEMICAL MACHINING (ECM): Introduction, Principle of electro chemical machining,
ECM equipment, elements of ECM operation, Chemistry of ECM. ECM Process characteristics:
Material removal rate, accuracy, surface finish. Process parameters: Current density, Tool feed
rate, Gap between tool & work piece, velocity of electrolyte flow, type of electrolyte, its
concentration temperature, and choice of electrolytes. ECM Tooling: ECM tooling technique &
example, Tool & insulation materials. Applications ECM: Electrochemical grinding and
electrochemical honing process. Advantages, disadvantages and application of ECG, ECH.
CHEMICAL MACHINING (CHM): Elements of the process, Resists (maskants), Etchants. Types of
chemical machining process­chemical blanking process, chemical milling process. Process
 94

characteristics of CHM: material removal rate, accuracy, surface finish, advantages, limitations and
applications of chemical machining process.
Module­4
ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINING (EDM): Introduction, mechanism of metal removal, EDM
equipment: spark erosion generator (relaxation type), dielectric medium­its functions & desirable
properties, electrode feed control system. Flushing types; pressure flushing, suction flushing, side
flushing, pulsed flushing.
EDM process parameters: Spark frequency, current & spark gap, surface finish, Heat Affected Zone.
Advantages, limitations & applications of EDM, Electrical discharge grinding, Traveling wire EDM.
PLASMA ARC MACHINING (PAM): Introduction, non­thermal generation of plasma, equipment
mechanism of metal removal, Plasma torch, process parameters, process characteristics. Safety
precautions. Safety precautions, applications, advantages and limitations
Module­5
LASER BEAM MACHINING (LBM): Introduction, generation of LASER, Equipment and mechanism of
metal removal, LBM parameters and characteristics, Applications, Advantages & limitations.
ELECTRON BEAM MACHINING (EBM): Introduction, Principle, equipment and mechanism of metal
removal, applications, advantages and limitations.
Course outcome (Course Skill Set)
At the end of the course, the student will be able to :
CO1: Understand the compare traditional and non­traditional machining process and recognize the
need for Non­ traditional machining process.
CO2: Explain the constructional features, performance parameters, process characteristics,
applications, advantages and limitations of USM, AJM and WJM.
CO3: Identify the need of Chemical and electro­chemical machining process along with the
constructional features, process parameters, process characteristics, applications,
advantages and limitations.
CO4: Understand the constructional feature of the equipment, process parameters, process
characteristics, applications, advantages and limitations EDM & PAM.
CO5: Understand the LBM equipment, LBM parameters, and characteristics. EBM equipment and
mechanism of metal removal, applications, advantages and limitations LBM & EBM.
Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)
The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE) is
50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50)
and for the SEE minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50 marks). A
student shall be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits allotted
to each subject/ course if the student secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum
total of the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken
together.
Continuous Internal Evaluation:
The CIE is the sum of Average of Two Internal Assessment Tests each of 25 marks and Any two
Assessment methods for 25 marks.
The first test will be administered after 40­50% of the syllabus has been covered, and the second
test will be administered after 85­90% of the syllabus has been covered
Any two assessment methods mentioned in the 22OB2.4, if an assignment is project­based then
only one assignment for the course shall be planned. The teacher should not conduct two
assignments at the end of the semester if two assignments are planned.
For the course, CIE marks will be based on a scaled­down sum of two tests and other methods of
assessment for a total of 50 marks.
 95

Internal Assessment Test question paper is designed to attain the different levels of Bloom’s
taxonomy as per the outcome defined for the course.

Semester­End Examination:
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common question
papers for the course (duration 03 hours).
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with a
maximum of 3 sub­questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
4. Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks.
Suggested Learning Resources:
Text Books:
1. Modern Machining Process by P.C Pandey and H S Shah, McGraw Hill Education India Pvt. Ltd.
2000
2. Production technology, HMT, McGraw Hill Education India Pvt. Ltd 2001
Reference Books:
1. New Technology, Dr. Amitabha Bhattacharyya, The Institute of Engineers (India) 2000
2. Modern Machining process, Aditya, 2002
Web links and Video Lectures (e­Resources):
.

Activity Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/ Practical Based learning

 96

Hydraulics & Pneumatics Semester 7

Course Code BME755B CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L: T:P: S) 3:0:2:0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 Total Marks 100
Credits 03 Exam Hours 3
Examination nature (SEE) Theory
Course objectives:
To provide an insight into the capabilities and applications of hydraulic and pneumatic fluid
power.
To understand concepts and relationships surrounding force, pressure, energy and power in
fluid power systems.
To examine concepts cantering on sources of hydraulic power, rotary and linear actuators,
distribution systems, hydraulic flow in pipes, and control components in fluid power systems.
Exposure to build and interpret hydraulic and pneumatic circuits related to industrial
applications.
To familiarize with logic controls and trouble shooting
Teaching­Learning Process (General Instructions)
These are sample Strategies, which teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various course
outcomes.
1. Intellectual skills; Concept of how to understand the procedures and codes for hydraulics and
pneumatics
2. Cognitive strategy: Learner will use personal strategies to think and organise the course.
3. By creating learning activity to accomplish the course outcome.
4. By preparing ppt, showing animated videos and by giving some field­based activity.
Module­1
Introduction to fluid power systems
Fluid power system: components, advantages and applications. Transmission of power at static and
dynamic states. Pascal’s law and its applications.
Fluids for hydraulic system: types, properties, and selection. Additives, effect of temperature and
pressure on hydraulic fluid. Seals, sealing materials, compatibility of seal with fluids. Fluid conditioning
through filters, strainers; sources of contamination and contamination control

Module­2
Pumps and actuators
Pumps: Classification of pumps, pumping theory of positive displacement pumps, construction and
working of Gear pumps, Vane pumps, Piston pumps, fixed and variable displacement pumps, Pump
performance characteristics, pump selection factors,
Actuators: Classification cylinder and hydraulic motors, Hydraulic cylinders, single and double acting
cylinder, cushioning, special types of cylinders, Construction and working of rotary actuators such as
gear, vane, piston motors, and Hydraulic Motor. Symbolic representation of hydraulic actuators
(cylinders and motors).
Accumulators: Types, selection/ applications of accumulators
Module­3
Components and hydraulic circuit design
Components: Classification of control valves, Directional Control Valves­symbolic representation,
constructional features of poppet, sliding spool, shuttle valve, and check valves.
Pressure control valves ­ types, direct operated types and pilot operated types.
Flow Control Valves ­compensated and non­compensated FCV, needle valve, temperature
compensated, pressure compensated, pressure and temperature compensated FCV, symbolic
representation.
Hydraulic Circuit Design: Control of single and Double ­acting hydraulic cylinder, regenerative circuit,
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pump unloading circuit, double pump hydraulic system, counterbalance valve application, hydraulic
cylinder sequencing circuits, cylinder synchronizing circuit using different methods, speed control of
hydraulic cylinder metering in, metering out. Hydraulic circuit examples with accumulator.
Module­4
Module4: Pneumatic power systems
Introduction to Pneumatic systems: Pneumatic power system, advantages, limitations, applications,
Choice of working medium. Characteristics of compressed air and air compressors. Structure of
pneumatic control System, fluid conditioners­dryers and FRL unit.
Pneumatic Actuators: Linear cylinder – types of cylinders, working, end position cushioning, seals,
mounting arrangements, and applications.
Pneumatic Control Valves: DCV such as poppet, spool, suspended seat type slide valve, pressure
control valves, flow control valves, types and construction, use of memory valve, Quick exhaust valve,
time delay valve.
Module­5
Module5: Pneumatic control circuits
Simple Pneumatic Control: Direct and indirect actuation pneumatic cylinders, speed control of
cylinders ­ supply air throttling and exhaust air throttling.
Signal Processing Elements: Use of Logic gates – OR, AND, NOT and NAND gates in pneumatic
applications. Practical examples involving the use of logic gates.
Multi­ Cylinder Application: Coordinated and sequential motion control, motion and control
diagrams. Signal elimination methods, Cascading method­ principle, Practical application examples (up
to two cylinders).

Course outcome (Course Skill Set)

At the end of the course, the student will be able to :
CO1: Identify and analyse the functional requirements of a fluid power transmission system for a
given application.
CO2: Understand the operation, application, and maintenance of common fluid power components
such as pumps, actuators and accumulators.
CO3: Design an appropriate hydraulic or pneumatic circuit or combination circuit like electro­
hydraulics, electro­ pneumatics for a given application.
CO4: understand the pneumatic working media, applications and components of pneumatic system.
CO5: Develop a comprehensive circuit diagram by integrating the components selected for the given
application using signal processing element.
Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)
The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE) is
50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50) and
for the SEE minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50 marks). A student shall
be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits allotted to each subject/
course if the student secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum total of the CIE
(Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken together.
Continuous Internal Evaluation:
For the Assignment component of the CIE, there are 25 marks and for the Internal Assessment Test
component, there are 25 marks.
The first test will be administered after 40­50% of the syllabus has been covered, and the second
test will be administered after 85­90% of the syllabus has been covered
Any two assignment methods mentioned in the 22OB , if an assignment is project­based then
only one assignment for the course shall be planned. The teacher should not conduct two
assignments at the end of the semester if two assignments are planned.
For the course, CIE marks will be based on a scaled­down sum of two tests and other methods of
assessment.
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Internal Assessment Test question paper is designed to attain the different levels of Bloom’s
taxonomy as per the outcome defined for the course.
Semester­End Examination:
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common question
papers for the course (duration 03 hours).
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with a
maximum of 3 sub­questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
4. Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks.
Suggested Learning Resources:
List of Text Books:
1. Anthony Esposito, “Fluid Power with applications”, Pearson edition, 2000.
2. Majumdar S.R., “Oil Hydraulics”, Tala McGRaw HllL, 2002.
3. Majumdar S.R., “Pneumatic systems ­ Principles and Maintenance”, Tata McGraw­Hill, New Delhi,
2005
Reference Books:
1. John Pippenger, Tyler Hicks, “Industrial Hydraulics”, McGraw Hill International Edition, 1980.
2. Andrew Par, Hydraulics and pneumatics, Jaico Publishing House, 2005.
3. FESTO, Fundamentals of Pneumatics, Vol I, II and III.
4. Herbert E. Merritt, “Hydraulic Control Systems”, John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
5. Thomson, Introduction to Fluid power, Prentcie HaIl, 2004
6. John Watton, “Fundamentals of fluid power control”, Cambridge University press, 2012.
Web links and Video Lectures (e­Resources):
. List of URLs, Text Books, Notes, Multimedia Content, etc
1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/112105047/
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8xd7cWvMrvE
3. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/105103096/
4. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/112105047/37
Activity Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/ Practical Based learning
 99

OPERATIONS RESEARCH Semester 7th

Course Code BME755C CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L: T:P: S) 3:0:0:0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 Total Marks 100
Credits 03 Exam Hours 03
Examination type (SEE) Theory
Course objectives:
To introduce students to use quantitative methods and techniques for effective decisions–
making;
Mathematical model formulation and solving business decision problems.
Teaching­Learning Process (General Instructions)
These are sample Strategies, which teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various
course outcomes.
1. Use of Chalk and Talk method
2. Video lectures, lecture projections in class
3. Individual and Group assignments

Module­1
Introduction: Evolution of OR, definition of OR, scope of OR, application areas of OR, steps (phases)
in OR study, characteristics and limitations of OR, models used in OR, linear programming (LP)
problem­formulation and solution by graphical method. The simplex method using slack variables.
Module­2
Transportation Problem: Formulation of transportation problem, types, initial basic feasible
solution using different methods, optimal solution by MODI method, degeneracy in transportation
problems, application of transportation problem concept for maximization cases. Assignment
Problem: Formulation, types, application to maximization cases and travelling salesman problem.

Module­3
PERT­CPM Techniques: Introduction, network construction ­ rules, Fulkerson’s rule for numbering
the events, AON and AOA diagrams; Critical path method to find the expected completion time of a
project, floats; PERT for finding expected duration of an activity and project, determining the
probability of completing a project, predicting the completion time of project; crashing of simple
projects.
Module­4
Game Theory: Formulation of games, types, solution of games with saddle point, graphical method
of solving mixed strategy games, dominance rule for solving mixed strategy games.
Queuing Theory: Queuing systems and their characteristics, Pure­birth and Pure­death models
(only equations), empirical queuing models (M/M/1 model).
Module­5
Sequencing: Basic assumptions, sequencing ‘n’ jobs on single machine using priority rules,
sequencing using Johnson’s rule­‘n’ jobs on 2 machines, ‘n’ jobs on 3 machines, ‘n’ jobs on ‘m’
machines. Sequencing 2 jobs on ‘m’ machines using graphical method.
Course outcome (Course Skill Set)
At the end of the course, the student will be able to :
Understand the importance, phases, & limitations of operations research.
Formulate a real­world problem in OR as a mathematical model.
Apply PERT and CPM network techniques to solve project management problems.
Choose appropriate OR models to solve transportation problem, assignment model, game
theory, queuing theory and sequencing models.
 100

Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)

The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE) is
50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50)
and for the SEE minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50 marks). A
student shall be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits allotted
to each subject/ course if the student secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum
total of the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken
together.

Continuous Internal Evaluation:

The CIE is the sum of Average of Two Internal Assessment Tests each of 25 marks and Any
two Assessment methods for 25 marks.
The first test will be administered after 40­50% of the syllabus has been covered, and
the second test will be administered after 85­90% of the syllabus has been covered
Any two assessment methods mentioned in the 22OB , if an assignment is project­
based then only one assignment for the course shall be planned. The teacher should not
conduct two assignments at the end of the semester if two assignments are planned.
For the course, CIE marks will be based on a scaled­down sum of two tests and other methods
of assessment for a total of 50 marks.
Internal Assessment Test question paper is designed to attain the different levels of Bloom’s
taxonomy as per the outcome defined for the course.
Semester­End Examination:
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common question
papers for the course (duration 03 hours).
The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with a
maximum of 3 sub­questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks.

Suggested Learning Resources:

Books
1. Operations Research, P K Gupta and D S Hira, 7th Edition, Chand Publications, New Delhi
2. Operations Research, R. Panneerselvam, 3rd Edition, PHI
3. Operations Research Theory, Methods & Applications, S.D. Sharma, Kedarnath Ramanath
& Co, 2012.
4. Operations Research, A M Natarajan, P Balasubramani, Pearson Education, 2005
5. Introduction to Operations Research, Hillier and Lieberman, 8th Edn, McGraw Hill,
Web links and Video Lectures (e­Resources):
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/112106134

Activity Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/ Practical Based learning

Use appropriate software tools to solve real world problems Operations Research for different
businesses
 101

NON­CONVENTIONAL ENERY RESOURCES Semester 7th

Course Code BME755D CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L:T:P: S) 03 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 Total Marks 100
Credits 03 Exam Hours 03
Examination type (SEE) Theory
Course objectives:
To introduce the concepts of solar energy, its radiation, collection, storage and application.
To introduce the concepts and applications of Wind energy, Biomass energy, Geothermal
energy and Ocean energy as alternative energy sources.
To explore society’s present needs and future energy demands.
To examine energy sources and systems, including fossil fuels and nuclear energy, and then
focus on alternate, renewable energy sources such as solar, biomass (conversions), wind
power, geothermal, etc.
To get exposed to energy conservation methods.
Module­1
Introduction:
Energy source, India’s production and reserves of commercial energy sources, need for non­
conventional energy sources, energy alternatives, solar, thermal, photovoltaic. Waterpower, wind
biomass, ocean temperature difference, tidal and waves, geothermal, tar sands and oil shale, nuclear
(Brief descriptions); advantages and disadvantages, comparison (Qualitative and Quantitative).
Solar Radiation Measurement of Solar Radiation
Solar Radiation: Extra­Terrestrial radiation, spectral distribution of extra­terrestrial radiation, solar
constant, solar radiation at the earth’s surface, beam, diffuse and global radiation, solar radiation data.
Measurement of Solar Radiation: Pyrometer, shading ring pyrheliometer, sunshine recorder,
schematic diagrams and principle of working.
Module­2
Solar Radiation Geometry: Flux on a plane surface, latitude, declination angle, surface azimuth
angle, hour angle, zenith angle, solar altitude angle expression for the angle between the incident
beam and the normal to a plane surface (No derivation) local apparent time. Apparent motion of sum,
day length, numerical examples.
Radiation Flux on a Tilted Surface Solar Thermal Conversion
Radiation Flux on a Tilted Surface: Beam, diffuse and reflected radiation, expression for flux on a
tilted surface (no derivations) numerical example. Solar Thermal Conversion: Collection and storage,
thermal collection devices, liquid flat plate collectors, solar air heaters concentrating collectors
(cylindrical, parabolic, paraboloid) (Quantitative analysis); sensible heat storage, latent heat storage,
application of solar energy water heating. Space heating and cooling, active and passive systems,
power generation, refrigeration. Distillation (Qualitative analysis) solar pond, principle of working,
operational problems.
Module­3
Performance Analysis of Liquid Flat Plate Collectors
General description, collector geometry, selective surface (qualitative discussion) basic energy­
balance equation, stagnation temperature, transmissivity of the cover system, transmissivity –
absorptivity product, numerical examples. The overall loss coefficient, correlation for the top loss
coefficient, bottom and side loss coefficient, problems (all correlations to be provided). Temperature
distribution between the collector tubes, collector heat removal factor, collector efficiency factor and
collector flow factor, mean plate temperature, instantaneous efficiency (all expressions to be
provided). Effect of various parameters on the collector performance; collector orientation, selective
surface, fluid inlet temperature, number covers, dust.
Photovoltaic Conversion
Photovoltaic Conversion: Description, principle of working and characteristics, applications.
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Module­4
Wind Energy:
Properties of wind, availability of wind energy in India, wind velocity and power from wind; major
problems associated with wind power, wind machines; Types of wind machines and their
characteristics, horizontal and vertical axis windmills, elementary design principles; coefficient of
performance of a windmill rotor, aerodynamic considerations of windmill design, numerical
examples.
Tidal Power:
Tides and waves as energy suppliers and their mechanics; fundamental characteristics of tidal power,
harnessing tidal energy, limitations.
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion:
Principle of working, Rankine cycle, OTEC power stations in the world, problems associated with
OTEC.
Module­5
Hydrogen Energy:
Properties of Hydrogen with respected to its utilization as a renewable form of energy, sources of
hydrogen, production of hydrogen, electrolysis of water, thermal decomposition of water, thermo
chemical production bio­chemical production. Storage & Transportation Methods: Gaseous, cryogenic
and metal hydrides, application of hydrogen, domestic and industrial safe burning of hydrogen.
Geothermal Energy Conversion:
Principle of working, types of geothermal station with schematic diagram, geothermal plants in the
world, problems associated with geothermal conversion, scope of geothermal energy.
Energy from Biomass:
Photosynthesis, photosynthetic oxygen production, energy plantation, biogas production from
organic wastes by anaerobic fermentation, description of bio­gas plants, transportation of biogas,
problems involved with bio­gas production, application of bio­gas, application of bio­gas in engines,
advantages.
Course outcome (Course Skill Set)
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Describe the environmental aspects of non­conventional energy resources in Comparison with
various conventional energy systems, their prospects and limitations, the need of renewable
energy resources, historical and latest developments.
2. Describe the use of solar energy and the various components used in the energy production
with respect to applications like­heating, cooling, desalination, power generation, drying,
cooking etc.
3. Explain the need of Wind Energy and the various components used in energy generation and
know the classifications.
4. Understand the concept of Biomass energy resources and their classification, types of biogas
Plants­ applications.
5. Compare the working principles of fuel cells, wave power, tidal power and geothermal
principles and applications.
Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)
The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE) is 50%.
The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50) and for the
SEE minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50 marks). A student shall be
deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits allotted to each subject/ course if
the student secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum total of the CIE (Continuous
Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken together.
Continuous Internal Evaluation:
The CIE is the sum of Average of Two Internal Assessment Tests each of 25 marks and Any two
Assessment methods for 25 marks.
The first test will be administered after 40­50% of the syllabus has been covered, and the
 103

second test will be administered after 85­90% of the syllabus has been covered
Any two assessment methods mentioned in the 22OB , if an assignment is project­based then
only one assignment for the course shall be planned. The teacher should not conduct two
assignments at the end of the semester if two assignments are planned.
For the course, CIE marks will be based on a scaled­down sum of two tests and other methods of
assessment for a total of 50 marks.
Internal Assessment Test question paper is designed to attain the different levels of Bloom’s
taxonomy as per the outcome defined for the course.

Semester­End Examination:
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common question
papers for the course (duration 03 hours).
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with a
maximum of 3 sub­questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
4. Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks.
Suggested Learning Resources:
Books
1. Non­Convention Energy Resources by B H Khan, 3rd Edition ,McGraw Hill Education (India) Pvt.
Ltd.
2. Non­Conventional Energy Sources by G.D Rai, Khanna Publishers (2003).
3. Solar Energy by Subhas P Sukhatme, 2nd Edition Tata Mcgraw Hill (1996).
4. Renewable energy sources and Conversion technology by N.K.Bansal, Manfred Kleeman and
Mechael Meliss, Tata Mcgraw Hill (2004).

Web links and Video Lectures (e­Resources):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ybZbwKIB1Ic
https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_ge04/preview.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LOVZE9WalRE Fundamentals of Photovoltaics
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BcVzc6IGwS0 This lecture explores factors that affect
the amount of sunlight reaching Earth's surface: e.g. orbit and tilt, scattering in the
atmosphere, weather, and diffuse vs. direct sunlight.
Activity Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/ Practical Based learning
Visit to Nearby power Plants, Solar Plants , Wind Mills etc
Case studies and Quiz.
Topic Seminar presentation.
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