: SSC Biology Concept Book

Biology । "bios" ( ) "logos" ( )

।

।
:

(a) (Morphology): ।
(External Morphology)
(Internal Morphology) ।

(b) (Taxonomy): ।

(c) (Physiology): , : , ,
।

(d) (Histology): ,
। [ ২০২৩ ]

(e) (Embryology): , , , ,
।

(f) (Cytology): , ও
।

(g) (Genetics): ও ।

h) (Evolution): ,
।

(i) (Ecology): ।
 : SSC Biology Concept Book
(j) (Endocrinology): (hormone)
। [ ২০২২ ]

(k) (Biogeography):
।

- । :

(a) (Palaeontology): ।

(b) (Biostatistics): - ।

(c) (Parasitology): , ।

(d) (Fisheries): , , ও ।

(e) (Entomology): , , , , ।

(f) (Microbiology): , , ।

(g) (Agriculture): ।

(h) (Medical Science): , , ।

(i) (Genetic Engineering): ও ।

(j) (Biochemistry): , ।

(k) (Environmental Science): ।

(l) (Marine Biology): ।

(m) (Forestry): , ।

(n) (Biotechnology): ।

(o) (Pharmacy): ও ।
 : SSC Biology Concept Book
(p) (Wildlife): ।

(q) (Bioinformatics): , :
।

, । ।
।

(Kingdom) । DNA
RNA- , , ও - . .
(R. H. Whittaker) ১৯৬৯ (Five Kingdom)
। (Margulis) ১৯৭৪ Whittaker- ও
। ও
।

ও (Prokaryotae) : ( ), , ।

(i) 1: (Monera)

[ ২০২৪ , ২০২৪, ২০২৩, ২০২৩, ২০২৩,

২০২২, ২০২০ ]
:
i. , ( iv. ।
), v. ।
। vi. ।
ii. , ও ও
।
।
iii. , : - , ।
।
 : SSC Biology Concept Book

( ) ( )

:( ) , ( ) Nostoc ( )

ও (Eukaryota): ( ) ।
।

(i) -2: (Protista)

[ ২০২৪, ২০২৪, ২০২৪, ২০২৩, ২০২৩,
২০২৩, ২০২২, ২০২২, ২০২২, ২০২২, ২০২০ ]

i. , v. ।
( ) । vi.
ii.
। ,
iii. DNA, RNA ।
। vii. ।
iv. ।
 ২: ও SSC Biology Concept Book

(Loewy) (Sickevitz) 1969 (selectively permeable)

, , ।

। গঠ গ ।
গঠ , ।

১. (Prokaryotic cell)
i. গঠ (nucleus) iv. , ,
। ।
ii. (primitive v. ।
nucleus) । vi. DNA ।
iii. vii.
, ও- ও ।
।

২. (Eukaryotic cell)
i. গঠ iii. ,DNA, ,
ও- গঠ । ।
ii. iv. ।
।

● (Somatic cell)
● . (Gametic cell)

(i) (Somatic cell):

i. গঠ ।
ii. ।
iii. ।
iv. ও - গঠ ।
 ২: ও SSC Biology Concept Book
(a) (Simple Tissue) [ ২০২৩ ]
, ও গঠ , ।
গ গ —
১. (Parenchyma)
২. (Collenchyma)
৩. (Sclerenchyma)

(Parenchyma)
।
, , ।
(Intercellular Space) । ও গঠ । ,
(Chlorenchyma) । ঠ
(Aerenchyma) । গঠ ,
(Photosynthesis) , । ।

(Collenchyma)
। ও ।
। ও
। । ।
, । । ।
ও । ও ও ঠ
। , ।
(Sclerenchyma) [ ২০২২ ]
, ।
, ।
গ ও । ও
।

: ,( ) ( ) (গ) ।
 ২: ও SSC Biology Concept Book
—
● (Fiber)
● (Sclereid)

:
। ও ।

(i) (Fibre):
, ও । , ও ও
। গ ( ) , ।
গঠ ও , —

(Bast fibre)
(Sclerenchymatous fibre)
(Xylem fibre)

(ii) (Sclereids):
" " (Stone cell) ও । , গ , ও ও
। , ও গ ।
( ) । গ (Gymnosperm) ও (Dicot) (Cortex),
ও ।
ও ও ।

(b) (Complex Tissues): [ ২০২৪ ]

গঠ , । ,
(Vascular tissue) ও ।
—
● (Xylem)
● (Phloem)

ও (Vascular bundle) গঠ ।
 ২: ও SSC Biology Concept Book
( ) ( )

(গ)
: ( ), ( ) (গ)

iii) (Columnar Epithelial Tissue): । :

গ , ।
গ গ :

(i) : । : ,
, ।

(ii) : । ও
— ও - , ও - ।
। : ।
অধ্যায়-০১(জীবন পাঠ)
Board MCQ M wUmy¨ N †Kvl
16. cªvK„wZK cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ †Kvb we`¨v Rx‡ei m¤úK© welqK weÁvb
1. cªK„wZ weÁv‡bi cªvPxbZg kvLv †KvbwU? [wm. †ev. 15]
[P. †ev. 16]
K RxeweÁvb L K…wlweÁvb
K eb¨cÖvYx L বাহুববদ্যা
M ebweÁvb N mgy`ªweÁvb
2. RxeweÁv‡bi RbK †K? [wm. †ev. 15] M K…wl N KxUZË¡
dwjZ RxeweÁvb
K WviDBb L A¨vwi÷Uj
17. dwjZ RxeweÁv‡bi kvLv †KvbwU? [Xv †ev. '24]
M †Kjwfb N †g‡Ûj
K †Kvlwe`¨v L ev¯Íywe`¨v
3. A¨vwi÷Uj wQ‡jb- [wm. †ev. 15]
M kvixiwe`¨v N AYyRxeweÁvb
K `vk©wbK L wPwKrmK
18. ‡KvbwU RxeweÁv‡bi dwjZ kvLv ? [Xv. †ev. '23]
M Kwe N wk¶K
K kvixiwe`¨v L ciRxexwe`¨v
†fŠZ RxeweÁvb
4. ‡KvbwU mwVK? [h. †ev. '24] M åƒYwe`¨v N ev¯Íywe`¨v
19. wb‡Pi †KvbwU dwjZ RxeweÁv‡bi AšÍf©y³?[Xv. †ev. 16; e. †ev.
K KxUZË¡ → ciRxex L AYyRxewe`¨v → K…wg
22]
M wn‡÷vjwR → †Kvl N kvixiwe`¨v → †iPb
K eskMwZwe`¨v L weeZ©bwe`¨v
5. RxeweÁv‡bi †Kvb kvLvq †Kv‡li MVb I Kvh©vewj wb‡q Av‡jvPbv
Kiv nq? [wm. †ev. '24] M mvgyw`ªK RxeweÁvb N Rxef~‡Mvj
20. dwjZ RxeweÁv‡bi kvLv †KvbwU? [iv. †ev. 16]
K kvixiwe`¨v L wn‡÷vjwR
K wn‡÷vjwR L åƒYwe`¨v
M mvB‡UvjwR N gid‡jvwR
6. Rxe‡`‡ni wewfbœ A½-cªZ¨‡½i ˆRe ivmvqwbK Kvh©vw` wb‡Pi M ev¯Íywe`¨v N KxUZË¡
‡KvbwUi Av‡jvP¨ welq? [w` †ev, '24] 21. RxeweÁv‡bi dwjZ kvLv †KvbwU? [h. †ev. [22]
K Histology L Physiology K åƒYwe`¨v L ev¯Íywe`¨v
M Cytology N Morphology M wRbcªhyw³ N Rxef~‡Mvj
7. 'Rxe I cªK„wZi AvšÍtm¤úK© wb‡q RxeweÁv‡bi †Kvb kvLvq 22. Jla wkí I cªhyw³ welqK weÁvb †KvbwU? [iv. †ev, '22]
Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq? [iv. †ev, '23] K Forestry L Pharmacy
K Rxef~‡Mvj L ev¯Íywe`¨v M Biotechnolgy N Medical science
M cwi‡ekwe`¨v N Rxecªhyw³ we`¨v Rx‡ei †kªwYweb¨vm
8. wUmy¨mg~‡ni MVb †Kvb kvLvq Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq| [w`. †ev. '22] 23. K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm RxeRMZ‡K KqwU iv‡R¨ fvM K‡ib? [Xv.
†ev. '23]
K wn‡÷vjwR L Ggeªv‡qvjwR
K2 L3
M G‡ÛvµvB‡bvjwR N mvB‡UvjwR
9. Rxe‡`‡ni k¦mb, †iPb BZ¨vw` m¤úwK©Z weÁvb †KvbwU?[g. †ev, M4 N5
'22] 24. RxeRMr m¤ú‡K© mn‡R I my-k„•Ljfv‡e Rvb‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i
†KvbwU? [wm. †ev. '19]
K kvixiwe`¨v L wPwKrmv weÁvb
K Taxonomy L Physiology
M dv‡g©wm N cªvY imvqb
M Entomology N Genetics
10. RxeRMr m¤ú‡K© mn‡R I my-k„•Ljfv‡e Rvb‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i RxeRMMr
‡KvbwU? [wm. †ev. 19] 25. KbRy‡Mk‡bi gva¨‡g †Kvb Rx‡e †hŠb Rbb N‡U? [iv. †ev. '24]
K Taxonomy L Physiology K ‰kevj L †cwbwmwjqvg
M Entomology N Genetics
11. kvixiwe`¨vi Av‡jvP¨ welq †KvbwU? [Xv †ev. 19: e. †ev. [20] M C÷ N e¨vK‡Uwiqv
26. wb‡Pi †KvbwUi †`n gvB‡mwjqvg Øviv MwVZ? [Kz. †ev. '24]
K Rx‡ei weeZ©b L mv‡jvKms‡kølY
K e¨vK‡Uwiqv L c¨viv‡gwmqvg
M f‚‡Yi weKvk N wUm¨yi web¨vm
12. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z cªv‡Yi weKvk wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq? [P. †ev. M gvkiæg N WvqvUg
19; iv. †ev. 17] 27. †KvbwU Mammalia †kªwYi AšÍM©Z? [P. †ev, '24]
K evqywe`¨v L weeZ©bwe`¨v K DUcvwL L weovj
M cªvYimvqb N Rxecªhyw³ M KeyZi N Kywgi
13. RxeweÁv‡bi †Kvb kvLvq Ô‡hvM¨Z‡gi wU‡K _vKv' wb‡q Av‡jvPbv 28. ‡KvbwU AvwK©‡Mvwb‡qU? [wm. †ev, '24]
Kiv nq? [e. †ev. 19] K Agaricus L Artocarpus
K Embryology L Evolution M Penicillium N Nostoc
M Histology N Parasitology 29. †KvbwU g‡biv iv‡R¨i Rxe? [e. †ev, '24]
14. ni‡gvb wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq †KvbwU‡Z?[Ky. †ev. '20; mKj K c¨viv‡gwmqvg L bxjvf meyR ˆkevj
†evW© 18] M gvkiæg N †cwbwmwjqvg
K Endocrinology L Microbiology 30. †KvbwU Penicillium Gi †Kvl cªvPxi ˆZwi K‡i? [g. †ev. 28]
M Entomology N Biotechnology K ‡cªvwUb L wjwcW
15. wb‡Pi †KvbwU G‡ÛvµvB‡bv‡jvwRi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³? [h. †ev. 20. M my‡ewib N KvBwUb
wm. †ev. 16] 31. ‡KvbwU Rxe I R‡oi ga¨eZ©x Ae¯’v? [g. †ev. 28]
K ni‡gvb L GbRvBg K e¨vK‡Uwiqv L fvBivm
অধ্যায়-০১(জীবন পাঠ)
K i I ii L i I iii K Avg L K‡jiv RxevYy
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M †gŠgvwQ N Miæ
57. wPÎ 'A' Ges 'B' Dfq †¶‡Î †`Lv hvq- 69. Ky‡bv e¨v‡Oi ˆeÁvwbK bvg †KvbwU? [P. †ev. 24]
i. wbDwK¬qvm mMwVZ K Bufo melanostictus
ii. n¨vcø‡qW †¯cvi w`‡q eske„w× N‡U L Ariocarpus heterophyllus
iii. †kvlY c×wZ‡Z Lv`¨ MÖnY K‡i M Apis indica
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N Periplaneta americana
K i I ii L i I iii 70. †Mvj Avjyi ˆeÁvwbK bvg- [Ky. †ev. [23]
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K Nymphaea nouchali L Artocarpus
❑ wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 58 I 59 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI: heterophyllus
M Solanum tuberosum N Oryza sativa
71. †`v‡qj cvwLi ˆeÁvwbK bvg †KvbwU? [e. †ev. 23]
K Periplaneta americana
[h. †ev. 15] L Apis indica
58. wP‡Îi RxewUi †Kvl wefvRb wKfv‡e N‡U?
M Panthera tigris N Copsychus saularis
K wg‡qvwmm L KbRy‡Mkb
M gvB‡Uvwmm N wØ-wefvRb 72. RvZxq cïi ˆeÁvwbK bvg Kx? [P. †ev. '22]
59. wP‡Îi RxewUi ˆewkó¨- K Copsychus saularis L Nymphaea nouchali
i. wbDwK¬qvm myMwVZ ii. †K¬v‡ivcøv÷ Abycw¯’Z M Panthera tigris N Corchorus capsularis
iii. †kvlY c×wZ‡Z Lv`¨ MÖnY 73. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis †Kvb Dw™¢‡`i ˆeÁvwbK bvg?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? [we.†ev.22]
K i I ii L i I iii K †Mvjvc L KuvVvj
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M Rev N Avg
‡kªwYweb¨v‡mi wewfbœ avc 74. Corchorus capsularis †KvbwUi ˆeÁvwbK bvg?[w` †ev,
60. ‡Kvb cªvYx e„w×e„wËKfv‡e DbœZ ? [g. †ev. '24] '19]
K Mwijv L gvbyl K cvU L avb
M wk¤úvwÄ N evbi M KuvVvj N kvcjv
61. gvby‡li †kªwYweb¨v‡mi mwVK µg †KvbwU? [iv. †ev. 23] 75. Nymphaea nouchali †KvbwUi ˆeÁvwbK bvg?
K Mammalia → Homo→ Chordata
L Homo→ Primate → Hominidac [Xv †ev. 15; iv. †ev, '20: w` †ev. 15]
M Mammalia → Primate → Hominidae K kvcjv L KuvVvj
N Primate→ Chordata →Mammalia M Rev N Avg
wØc` bvgKiY c×wZ 76. Avi‡kvjvi ˆeÁvwbK bvg †KvbwU? [wm. †ev. 22]
62. evOvjx weÁvbx mvwR` Avjx nvIjv`vi KZ©…K Avwe®‹…Z e¨v‡Oi K Vibrio cholerae L Apis indica
M‡Yi bvg Kx? [Xv †ev. [22] M Periplaneta americana
K Zakerana L Shajidana N Plasmodium vivax
M Bufo N Labeo 77. †Kvb ˆeÁvwbK bvgwU mwVKfv‡e wjLv nqwb?[Xv. †ev. 16: e, †ev,
63. ‡Mvj Avjyi ˆeÁvwbK bvg Kx ? [wm. †ev. 15] '16]
K Oryza Sativa K Artocarpus heterophyllus
L Nymphaea nouchali L Nymphaea nouchali
M Solanum tuberosum M Copsychus Saularis
N Mangifera indica N Homo sapiens
64. wb‡gœi †Kvb Mª‡š’ wjwbqvm wØc` bvgKiY bxwZ cªeZ©b K‡ib ?
[P.†ev.'17] উ রমালা
K De Planties L Species Plantarum
M Systema Nature N Phylogenic Taxonomy ১ ২ ৩ ৪ ৫ ৬ ৭ ৮ ৯ ১০
65. Dw™¢‡`i †¶‡Î wØc` bvgKiY c×wZ †KvbwU? [P. †ev. 16]
ঘ খ ক ঘ গ খ খ ক ক ক
K ICZN L IMVN
M IMCB N ICBN ১১ ১২ ১৩ ১৪ ১৫ ১৬ ১৭ ১৮ ১৯ ২০
66. wcuqv‡Ri ˆeÁvwbK bv‡gi MY Ask †KvbwU? [Ky. †ev. 19] খ খ খ ক ক খ ঘ খ গ ঘ
K Apis L Solanum ২১ ২২ ২৩ ২৪ ২৫ ২৬ ২৭ ২৮ ২৯ ৩০
M Allium N Oryza গ খ ক ক ক গ খ খ খ ঘ
67. "Systema Nature" Mªš’wUi iPwqZv †K? [w`. †ev. 16]
৩১ ৩২ ৩৩ ৩৪ ৩৫ ৩৬ ৩৭ ৩৮ ৩৯ ৪০
K A¨vwi÷Uj L gvi¸wjm
M _Id«vmUvm N K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm খ ক খ ক ক ঘ ক খ গ ক
K‡qKwU Rx‡ei wØc` bvg ৪১ ৪২ ৪৩ ৪৪ ৪৫ ৪৬ ৪৭ ৪৮ ৪৯ ৫০
68. Apis indica wb‡Pi †KvbwUi ˆeÁvwbK bvg ? [Xv †ev. 24] খ ঘ ক খ ঘ ঘ গ ঘ গ ক
অধ্যায়-০১(জীবন পাঠ)
Dch©y³ ivR¨Ø‡qi Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv ‡_‡K eySv hvq ‡h g‡biv Dch©y³ `yB iv‡R¨i AšÍf©y³ Rxe `ywUi ‰ewkó¨ ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j
iv‡R¨i Rxe Nostoc (bxjvf meyR ‰kevj) A‡c¶v ‡cÖvwU÷v eySv hvq ‡h A¨vwb‡gwjqv iv‡R¨i Rxe ‡`v‡qj, dvbRvB iv‡R¨i
iv‡R¨i Rxe WvqvUg AwaK DbœZ| Rxe gvkiæg A‡c¶v AwaK DbœZ|
7. wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI: 8. X- KvBwUb w`‡q MwVZ ‡KvlcÖvPxi hy³ Rxe
ivR¨ Rxe Y- mcy®úK Rxe
A gvkiæg Z- Lv`¨ MjvatKiYKvix Rxe
B kvcjv [PÆMÖvg ‡evW© 2023]
C ‡`v‡qj (K) wn‡÷vjwR Kv‡K e‡j?
[Kzwgjøv †evW© 2023] (L) Rx‡ei ‡kÖwYweb¨v‡mi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki|
(K) wn‡÷vjwR Kx? (M) DÏxc‡Ki Z Rx‡ei ivR¨MZ Ae¯’vb e¨vL¨v Ki|
(L) K…wlweÁvb‡K dwjZ RxeweÁvb ejv nq ‡Kb- e¨vL¨v Ki| (N) X Ges Y Rx‡ei g‡a¨ ‡KvbwU DbœZ? ‡kÖwYweb¨v‡mi Av‡jv‡K
(M) 'B' ivR¨wewkó Rx‡ei ‰ewkó¨vewj e¨vL¨v Ki| we‡kølY Ki|
(N) 'A' I 'C' ivR¨fy³ Rxe `ywUi g‡a¨ ‡KvbwU DbœZ Ges ‡Kb- 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
we‡kølY Ki| (K) RxeweÁv‡bi ‡h kvLvq Rxe‡`‡ni wewfbœ wUmy¨mg~‡ni MVb, web¨vm
7 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi I Kvh©vewj wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq ZvB wn‡÷vjwR|
(K) RxeweÁv‡bi ‡h kvLvq Rxe‡`‡ni wewfbœ wUmy¨mg~‡ni MVb, web¨vm (L) ‡kÖwYweb¨vm n‡jv RxeRMZ‡K mn‡R Rvbvi GKwU c×wZ| Rx‡ei
I Kvh©vewj wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq ZvB wn‡÷vjwR| RvwZRwbZ wewfbœ Z_¨, RxeKy‡ji weeZ©wbK aviv wbY©q I bZzb
(L) RxeweÁv‡bi ‡h wefvM ZË¡xq Áv‡bi Av‡jv‡K RxeweÁvb‡K cÖRvwZ kbv³Ki‡Yi Rb¨ ‡kÖwYweb¨vm cÖ‡qvRb| GQvov GB wekvj
gvbeKj¨v‡Y myôz cÖ‡qv‡Mi welq wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i Zv‡K dwjZ RxeRMZ‡K fv‡jvfv‡e Rvbv, ‡evSv I ‡kLvi myweav‡_© Gi cÖwZwU
RxeweÁvb e‡j| ‡h‡nZz K…wlweÁv‡b K…wl dm‡ji RxebPµ, Rxe‡K kbv³ K‡i Zvi bvgKi‡Yi e¨e¯’v Kiv cÖf…wZ ‡¶‡Î Rx‡ei
Pvlc×wZ, gvbeRxe‡b K…wl dm‡ji ¸iæZ¡ BZ¨vw` cÖv‡qvwMK welq ‡kÖwYweb¨vm AZxe ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| G Kvi‡YB Rx‡ei ‡kÖwYweb¨vm Kiv
wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq| GRb¨B K…wlweÁvb‡K RxeweÁv‡bi dwjZ nq|
kvLv ejv nq| (M) DÏxc‡Ki Z n‡jv Lv`¨ MjvatKiYKvix Rxe A_©vr A¨vwb‡gwjqv
(M) DÏxc‡Ki 'B' ivR¨wewkó Rxe n‡jv kvcjv| GwU g~jZ cøvbwU iv‡R¨i cÖvYx| wb‡P cÖvYxi ‰ewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡jv-
(Plantae) iv‡R¨i AšÍf©y³| wb‡P kvcjv A_©vr cøvbwU (Plantae) 1. Giv wbDwK¬qvmwewkó I eû‡Kvlx cÖvYx|
iv‡R¨i ‰ewkó¨vewj e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡jv- 2. G‡`i ‡Kv‡l ‡Kv‡bv Ro ‡KvlcÖvPxi, cøvw÷W I ‡KvlMnŸi
1. Giv cÖK…Z wbDwK¬qvmhy³ mv‡jvKms‡kølYKvix Dw™¢`| ‡bB|
2. G‡`i DbœZ wUmy¨Zš¿ i‡q‡Q| 3. cøvw÷W bv _vKvq Giv ‡nUv‡ivU«wdK A_©vr ci‡fvRx Ges Lv`¨
3. G‡`i åyY m„wó nq Ges Zv ‡_‡K wWcø‡qW ch©vq ïiæ nq| MjvatKiY K‡i|
4. G‡`i ‡hŠb Rbb A¨vbvB‡mvM¨vgvm ai‡bi| A_©vr AvKvi, 4. ‡`‡n RwUj wUmy¨Zš¿ we`¨gvb|
AvK…wZ A_ev kvixie„Ëxq cv_©K¨wewkó wfbœag©x `ywU M¨v‡g‡Ui 5. Giv cÖavbZ ‡hŠb Rb‡bi gva¨‡g eske„w× K‡i|
wgj‡bi gva¨‡g ‡hŠbRbb m¤úbœ nq| 6. cwiYZ wWcø‡qW cyiæl I ¯¿x cÖvYxi Rbbv½ ‡_‡K n¨vcø‡qW
5. Giv AvwK©‡Mvwb‡qU I cy®úK Dw™¢`| M¨v‡gU Drcbœ nq|
6. ‡K¬v‡ivwdj _vKvq Giv wb‡R‡`i Lv`¨ wb‡Riv ‰Zwi Ki‡Z 7. 僇Yi weKvkKvjxb mg‡q å~Yxq ¯Íi m„wó nq|
cv‡i| Dch©y³ ‰ewk󨸇jv RxeRM‡Zi ivR¨-5: A¨vwb‡gwjqvi mv‡_
(N) DÏxc‡Ki 'A' I 'C' ivR¨fy³ Rxe `ywU n‡jv h_vµ‡g gvkiæg I mv`„k¨c~Y©| G Rb¨ cÖvYx‡K A¨vwb‡gwjqv iv‡R¨ Ae¯’vb ‡`Iqv
‡`v‡qj| G‡`i g‡a¨ gvkiæg n‡jv ivR¨-3 dvbRvB-Gi AšÍf©y³ n‡q‡Q|
Ges ‡`v‡qj n‡jv ivR¨-5 A¨vwb‡gwjqvi AšÍf©y³| gvkiæg I (N) DÏxc‡Ki X n‡jv dvbRvB iv‡R¨i Rxe gvkiæg Ges Y n‡jv
‡`v‡q‡ji g‡a¨ ‡KvbwU DbœZ wb‡P Zv we‡kølY Kiv n‡jv- cøvbwU iv‡R¨i mcy®úK Rxe A_©vr wØexRcÎx Dw™¢`| Giv DfqB
ivR¨ dvbRvB Gi ‰ewkó¨mg~n n‡jv- RxeRM‡Zi c ivR¨ ‡kÖwYweb¨v‡mi mycvi wKsWg 2-Gi AšÍf©y³
1. G‡`i AwaKvskB ¯’jR, g„ZRxex ev ciRxex| Rxe| X I Y Rx‡ei g‡a¨ ‡KvbwU DbœZ| wb‡P Zv we‡kølY Kiv
2. ‡`n GK‡Kvlx A_ev gvB‡mwjqvg w`‡q MwVZ| n‡jv-
3. G‡`i wbDwK¬qvm myMwVZ| 1. gvkiæg Acy®úK, A_©vr G‡`i dzj, dj wKQy nq bv| wKš‘
4. ‡KvlcÖvPxi KvBwUb e¯‘ w`‡q MwVZ| wØexRcÎx Dw™¢`wU mcy®úK A_©vr G‡`i dzj, dj nq| mcy®úK
5. Lv`¨MÖnY ‡kvlY c×wZ‡Z N‡U| Dw™¢`‡KB DbœZ wn‡m‡e aiv nq|
6. ‡K¬v‡ivcøv÷ Abycw¯’Z| 2. gvkiæg wb‡Ri Lv`¨ wb‡R ‰Zwi Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, Lv‡`¨i Rb¨
7. n¨vcø‡qW ‡¯úvi w`‡q eske„w× N‡U| Giv A‡b¨i Ici wbf©ikxj| c¶všÍ‡i wØexRcÎx Dw™¢`wUi
ivR¨ A¨vwb‡gwjqv Gi ˆewkó¨mg~n n‡jvÑ cvZvq mv‡jvKms‡kølYKvix meyR eY©KwYKv ‡K¬v‡ivwdj _v‡K|
1. Giv wbDwK¬qvmwewkó I eû‡Kvlx cÖvYx| G ‡K¬v‡ivwd‡ji mnvqZvq m~‡h©i Av‡jv I cvwbi mvnv‡h¨
2. G‡`i ‡Kv‡l ‡Kv‡bv Ro ‡KvlcÖvPxi, cøvw÷W I ‡KvqMnŸi mv‡jvKms‡kølY, cÖwµqvq wb‡Ri Lv`¨ wb‡R ‰Zwi Ki‡Z cv‡i|
‡bB| 3. gvkiæg ‡¯úv‡ii gva¨‡g eske„w× NUvq| wKš‘ wØexRcÎx
3. cøvw÷W bv _vKvq Giv ‡nUv‡ivU«wdK A_©vr ci‡fvRx Ges Lv`¨ Dw™¢`wU ‡hŠb Rb‡bi gva¨‡g eske„w× NUvq hv DbœZ Dw™¢‡`i
MjvatKiY K‡i| ‰ewkó¨|
4. ‡`‡n RwUj wUmy¨Zš¿ we`¨gvb| 4. gvkiæg g~j, KvÐ I cvZvq wef³ Kiv hvq bv, wKš‘ wØexRcÎx
5. Giv cÖavbZ ‡hŠb Rb‡bi gva¨‡g eske„w× K‡i| Dw™¢`wU‡K g~j, KvÐ I cvZvq wef³ Kiv hvq|
6. cwiYZ wWcø‡qW cyiæl I ¯¿x cÖvYxi Rbbv½ ‡_‡K n¨vcø‡qW 5. cwienb Kjv¸”Q gvkiæ‡g Abycw¯’Z, wKš‘ wØexRcÎx Dw™¢‡`
M¨v‡gU Drcbœ nq| Dcw¯’Z| cwienb Kjv¸”Q DbœZ Dw™¢‡`i ‰ewkó¨ enb K‡i|
7. 僇Yi weKvkKvjxb mg‡q åƒYxq ¯Íi m„wó nq|
অধ্যায়-০১(জীবন পাঠ)
6. gvkiæ‡gi ‡`n big, Ab¨w`‡K wØexRcÎx Dw™¢‡`i ‡`n ‡ek 10. wb‡Pi QKwU jÿ Ki :
k³| k³ Dw™¢`‡`n DbœZ Dw™¢‡`iB ‰ewkó¨ enb K‡i| g‡biv → 2 → 3 → 4 → 5
Dc‡ii eY©bvi Av‡jv‡K ¯úófv‡eB cÖgvwYZ nq, cøvbwU iv‡R¨i [ewikvj †evW© 2023]
wØexRcÎx Dw™¢`wUB AwaK DbœZ| (K) dwjZ RxeweÁvb Kv‡K e‡j?
9. wb‡Pi wPÎ wZbwU jÿ Ki: (L) ‡cuqvR ‡Kvl‡K ‡Kb cÖK…Z ‡Kvl ejv nq?
(M) DÏxc‡Ki ‡Kvb iv‡R¨ evb‡ii Ae¯’vb? e¨vL¨v Ki|
(N) DÏxc‡Ki 3 I 4 b¤^i iv‡R¨i g‡a¨ ‡KvbwU AwaK DbœZ?
we‡kølY Ki|
10 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
(K) RxeweÁv‡bi ‡h kvLvq Rxeb-mswkøó cÖv‡qvwMK welqmg~n wb‡q
[wm‡jU †evW© 2023] Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq Zv‡KB dwjZ RxeweÁvb e‡j|
(K) KbRy‡Mkb Kx? (L) ‡hme ‡Kv‡li wbDwK¬qvm myMwVZ A_©vr wbDwK¬qvi wSwjø w`‡q
(L) KxUZË¡‡K dwjZ kvLvi AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q ‡Kb? wbDwK¬I eÜz cwi‡ewóZ I mymsMwVZ ‡m¸‡jvB n‡”Q cÖK…Z ‡Kvl|
(M) 'P' ‡K ‡Kvb iv‡R¨ AšÍf©y³ Kiv hvq? e¨vL¨v Ki| Gme ‡Kv‡l ivB‡ev‡Rvgmn mKj A½vYy Dcw¯’Z _v‡K| ‡cuqvR
(N) wPÎ Q Ges R Rxe؇qi g‡a¨ ‡KvbwU ‡ewk DbœZ? we‡kølY ‡Kv‡lI cÖK…Z ‡Kv‡li mKj ‰ewkó¨ we`¨gvb _v‡K| GQvovI
Ki| ‡cuqvR ‡Kv‡li ‡µv‡gv‡Rv‡g DNA, ‡cÖvwUb, wn‡÷vb Ges Ab¨vb¨
9 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi Dcv`vb _v‡K| G Kvi‡YB ‡cuqvR ‡Kvl‡K cÖK…Z ‡Kvl ejv nq|
(K) ‰RewbKfv‡e wfbœ wKš‘ MVbMZfv‡e GK, Giƒc `ywU M¨v‡g‡Ui (M) DÏxc‡K cÖ`Ë RxeRM‡Zi cvuPwU ivR¨‡K µgvbymv‡i mvRv‡j Zv
wgj‡bi gva¨‡g ‡m ‡hŠb Rbb N‡U ZvB KbRy‡Mkb| `vuovq wbgœiƒc-
(L) RxeweÁv‡bi KxUZË¡ kvLvq KxUcZ‡½i Rxeb, DcKvwiZv, g‡biv → ‡cÖvwU÷v → dvbRvB → cøvbwU → A¨vwb‡gwjqv
AcKvwiZv, ¶q¶wZ, `gb BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq| (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
‡h‡nZz KxUZ‡Ë¡ ZË¡xq welq Av‡jvPbv bv K‡i KxUcZ½ m¤úwK©Z evb‡ii ‰ewk󨸇jv we‡køl‡Yi gva¨‡g Zvi ivR¨MZ Ae¯’vb
cÖv‡qvwMK welq Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq, ‡m‡nZz KxUZË¡‡K RxeweÁv‡bi mn‡RB wbY©q Kiv m¤¢e| wb‡P evb‡i ‰ewk󨸇jv D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv-
dwjZ kvLv ejv nq| 1. Giv wbDwK¬qvmwewkó I eû‡Kvlx cÖvYx|
(M) DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-P n‡jv gvkiæg| GwU dvBRvB iv‡R¨i AšÍf©y³| 2. G‡`i ‡Kv‡l ‡Kv‡bv Ro ‡KvlcÖvPxi, cøvw÷W I ‡KvlMvi ‡bB|
wb‡P Gi KviY e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡jv- 3. cøvw÷W bv _vKvq Giv ‡nUv‡iv‡U«vwdK A_©vr ci‡fvRx Ges Lv`¨
1. gvkiæg ‡K¬v‡ivwdjwenxb AmeyR I Acy®úK Dw™¢`| MjvatKiY K‡i|
2. Giv g„ZRxex Ges ¯’jR| 4. ‡`‡n RwUj wUmy¨Zš¿ we`¨gvb|
3. G‡`i wbDwK¬qvm myMwVZ| 5. Giv cÖavbZ ‡hŠb Rb‡bi gva¨‡g eske„w× K‡i|
4. G‡`i ‡KvlcÖvPxi KvBwUb wbwg©Z| 6. cwiYZ wWcø‡qW cyiæl I ¯¿x cÖvYxi Rbbv½ ‡_‡K n¨vcø‡qW
5. G‡`i ‡`‡n ‡Kv‡bv fv¯‹zjvi evÛj _v‡K bv| M¨v‡gU Drcbœ nq|
6. n¨vcø‡qW ‡¯úvi Øviv Giv eske„w× K‡i| 7. å~‡Yi weKvkKvjxb mg‡q å~Yxq ¯Íi m„wó nq|
7. G‡`i ‡`n `ywU As‡k wef³| h_v- gvB‡mwjqvg Ges ZvB Dchy³ evb‡ii mKj ‰ewkó¨ A¨vwb‡gwjqv iv‡R¨i mv‡_
d«zUewW| mv`„k¨c~Y©| ZvB evb‡ii Ae¯’vb RxeRM‡Zi 5bs iv‡R¨ A_©vr
8. G‡`i ‡`‡n mwÂZ Lv`¨ MøvB‡Kv‡Rb| A¨vwb‡gwjqv iv‡R¨|
Dch©y³ ‰ewk󨸇jv dvbRvB iv‡R¨i mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y©| G Kvi‡YB (N) DÏxc‡Ki 3 I 4 b¤^i ivR¨ n‡jv h_vµ‡g dvbRvB I cøvbwU|
gvkiæg‡K dvbRvB iv‡R¨i AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ ‡KvbwU DbœZ wb‡P Zv we‡kølY Kiv n‡jv-
(N) DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-Q n‡jv Dw™¢` Ges wPÎ-R n‡jv A¨vwgev| Giv cøvbwU iv‡R¨i Rxemg~n cÖavbZ ¯’jR, Z‡e AmsL¨ cÖRvwZ Av‡Q|
h_vµ‡g MøvbwU I ‡cÖvwU÷v iv‡R¨i AšÍf©y³ Rxe| G‡`i g‡a¨ Giv cÖK…Z wbDwK¬qvmhy³ mv‡jvKms‡køl Dw™¢`| Giv wb‡R‡`i Lv`¨
‡KvbwU DbœZ wb‡P Zv we‡kølY Kiv n‡jv- wb‡Riv ‰Zwi Ki‡Z cv‡i| G‡`i ‡`‡n DbœZ wUmy¨Zš¿ we`¨gvb|
‡cÖvwU÷v iv‡R¨i Rxe GK‡Kvlx ev eû‡Kvlx n‡q _v‡K| G‡`i G‡`i åƒY m„wó nq Ges Zv ‡_‡K wWcø‡qW ch©vq ïiæ nq| G‡`i
wbDwK¬qvm myMwVZ Ges ‡Kv‡l ‡µvgvwUb e¯‘ wbDwK¬qvi c`©v Øviv ‡hŠbRbb A¨vbvB‡mvM¨vgvm| Giv AvwK©‡Mvwb‡qU A_©vr ¯¿xRbb A½
cwie„Ë _v‡K| ‡µvgvwUb e¯‘‡Z DNA, RNA Ges ‡cÖvwUb _v‡K| wewkó Ges mcy®úK Dw™¢`|
Z‡e gvB‡Uvwmm ‡Kvl wefvR‡bi gva¨‡g A‡hŠb cÖRbb Ges Ab¨w`‡K, dvbRvB iv‡R¨i Rxemg~‡ni AwaKvskB ¯’jR, g„ZRxex
KbRy‡Mk‡bi gvav‡g ‡hŠb cÖRbb N‡U| wKš‘ ‡Kv‡bv å~Y MwVZ nq ev ciRxex| Giv GK‡Kvlx A_ev gvB‡mwjqvg w`‡q MwVZ| G‡`i
bv| wbDwK¬qvm myMwVZ| ‡Kvl cÖvPxi KvBwUb e¯‘ w`‡q MwVZ| G‡`i
Ab¨w`‡K, cøvbwU iv‡R¨i Rxemg~n cÖK…Z wbDwK¬qvmhy³ Lv`¨ MÖnY ‡kvlY c×wZ‡Z N‡U| ‡K¬v‡ivcøv÷ Abycw¯’Z|
mv‡jvKms‡kølYKvix| G‡`i ‡`‡n ‡cÖvwU÷v iv‡R¨i Rxe‡`i Zzjbvq ‡K¬v‡ivwdj bv _vKvq Giv Lv`¨ Drcv`b Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Giv
DbœZ wUmy¨Zš¿ we`¨gvb| G‡`i åƒY m„wó nq Ges Zv ‡_‡K wWcø‡qW n¨va‡qW ‡¯úv‡ii gva¨‡g eske„w× NUvq|
ch©vq ïiæ nq| hv ‡cÖvwU÷v iv‡R¨ ‡`Lv hvq bv| GQvovI cøvbwU Dc‡iv³ ivR¨ `ywUi ‰ewkó¨ we‡kølY Ki‡j ‡`Lv hvq ‡h, cøvbwU
iv‡R¨i Dw™¢‡`i ‡hŠb Rbb A¨vbvB‡mvM¨vgvm cÖK…wZi| A_©vr iv‡R¨i ‰ewk󨸇jv DbœZ Rxe‡`i ‰ewk‡ó¨i mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y©|
AvKvi, AvK…wZ A_ev kvixie„Ëxq cv_©K¨wewkó wfbœag©x `ywU Ab¨w`‡K, dvbRvB iv‡R¨i m`m¨‡`i ‰ewk‡ó¨ DbœZ Rxe‡`i ‡Kv‡bv
M¨v‡g‡Ui wgj‡bi gva¨‡g ‡hŠb Rbb m¤úbœ nq| G ai‡bi ‡hŠb ‰ewkó¨ cwijw¶Z nq wb| ZvB ejv hvq, cøvbwU ivR¨ dvbRvB ivR¨
Rbb DbœZ ‡kÖwYi Dw™¢‡`i GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ‰ewkó¨| ‡_‡K DbœZ|
myZivs DbœZ ‡kÖwYi Dw™¢‡` ‡hmKj ‰ewkó¨ ‡`Lv hvq Zvi mKj 11. wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI:
‰ewkó¨B cøvbwU iv‡R¨i Dw™¢‡` we`¨gvb, hv ‡cÖvwU÷v iv‡R¨i
Rxe‡`i g‡a¨ ‡`Lv hvq bv|
cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq Q I R A_©vr cøvbwU I ‡cÖvwU÷v iv‡R¨i
Rxe؇qi g‡a¨ ‰ewkó¨MZfv‡e cøvbwU iv‡R¨i Rxe DbœZ|
অধ্যায়-০১(জীবন পাঠ)
(M) DÏxc‡K bgybv RxewU n‡jv evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq gvQ Bwjk| Bwjk A¨vgvB‡Uvwmm ‡Kvl wefvRb cÖwµqvq ‡Kv‡li wbDwK¬qvmwU
gv‡Qi bvgKiY Ki‡Z n‡e ICZN KZ©…K ¯^xK…Z wØc` bvgKiY cÖZ¨¶fv‡e mivmwi `ywU As‡k wef³ nq| wefvR‡bi ïiæ‡Z
c×wZ‡Z| wb‡P gvQwUi bvgKiY c×wZ e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡jv- wbDwK¬qvmwU ax‡i ax‡i j¤^v n‡Z _v‡K Ges c‡i `yB cÖvšÍ ‡gvUv I
1. Bwj‡ki bvgKi‡Y Aek¨B j¨vwUb kã e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e| gv‡Si AskwU miæ n‡Z _v‡K| gv‡Si miæ AskwU µgk AviI miæ
2. Bwj‡ki ‰eÁvwbK bv‡gi `ywU Ask _vK‡e, cÖ_g Ask MY bvg n‡q ci¯úi ‡_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q hvq Ges `ywU AcZ¨ wbDwK¬qv‡mi
Ges wØZxq AskwU cÖRvwZ bvg| ‡hgb- Tenualosa ilisha. m„wó K‡i| B‡Zvg‡a¨ ‡KvlcÖvPxiwUi ga¨fvM wfZ‡ii w`‡K cÖ‡ek
GwU Bwj‡ki ‰eÁvwbK bvg, GLv‡b Temualosa MY Ges K‡i mvB‡UvcøvRg‡KI `yBfv‡M wef³ K‡i ‡d‡j Ges `ywU AcZ¨|
ilisha cÖRvwZK c`| ‡Kv‡li m„wó K‡i| e¨vK‡Uwiqv QvovI bxjvf meyR ‰kevj, C÷
3. Bwj‡ki ‰eÁvwbK bvg‡K Abb¨ n‡Z n‡e| KviY GKB bvg `ywU cÖf…wZ Rxe‡Kv‡l A¨vgvB‡Uvwmm ‡Kvl wefvRb N‡U|
c„_K Rx‡ei Rb¨ e¨env‡ii AbygwZ ‡bB| (N) wPÎ A n‡jv ‡cwbwmwjqvg Ges wPÎ-C n‡jv ‡`v‡qj cvwL|
4. Bwj‡ki ‰eÁvwbK bv‡gi c«_g As‡ki cÖ_g A¶i eo A¶i ‡cwbwmwjqvg n‡jv dvbRvB iv‡R¨i AšÍfz©³ Ges ‡`v‡qj n‡jv
n‡e, evwK A¶i¸‡jv ‡QvU A¶i Ges wØZxq AskwUi bvg ‡QvU A¨vwb‡gwjqv iv‡R¨i AšÍfz©³| wb‡P ivR¨Ø‡qi ‰ewkó¨ D‡jøLc~e©K
A¶i w`‡q wjL‡Z n‡e| we‡kølY Kiv n‡jv-
5. Bwj‡ki ‰eÁvwbK bvg gy`ª‡Yi mgq me©`v BUvwjK A¶‡i dvbRvB iv‡R¨i AwaKvsk RxeB ¯’jR, g„ZRxex ev ciRxex| ‡`n
wjL‡Z n‡e| ‡hgb- Tenualosa ilisha. GK‡Kvlx A_ev gvB‡mwjqvg w`‡q MwVZ| Gi wbDwK¬qvm myMwVZ
6. Bwj‡ki ‰eÁvwbK bvg nv‡Z wjLvi mgq MY I cÖRvwZK bv‡gi Ges ‡KvlcÖvPxi KvBwUb e¯‘ w`‡q MwVZ| Lv`¨MÖnY ‡kvlY c×wZ‡Z
wb‡P Avjv`v Avjv`v `vM w`‡Z n‡e| ‡hgb- Tenualosa N‡U| ‡K¬v‡ivcøv÷ Abycw¯’Z| n¨vcøv‡qW ‡¯úvi w`‡q eske„w× N‡U|
ilisha. Aciw`‡K, A¨vwb‡gwjqv iv‡R¨i Rxemg~n wbDwK¬qvmwewkó I
7. ‰eÁvwbK bv‡gi ‡k‡l bvg`vbKvixi bvg (mvaviYZ msw¶ß) I eû‡Kvlx cÖvYx| G‡`i ‡Kv‡l ‡Kv‡bv Ro ‡KvlcÖvPxi, cøvw÷W I
cÖKv‡ki mvj wjL‡Z nq| ‡hgb- Tenualosa ilisha H. ‡KvlMnei ‡bB| cøvw÷W bv _vKvq Giv ‡nUv‡iv‡U«vwdK A_©vr
(GLv‡b H ‡nwg›U‡bi bv‡gi msw¶ß ci‡fvRx Ges Lv`¨ MjvatKiY K‡i, ‡`‡n RwUj wUmy¨Zš¿
8. hw` K‡qKRb weÁvbx Bwjk gvQ‡K wewfbœ weÁvbm¤§Z bvgKiY we`¨gvb| Giv c«avbZ ‡hŠb Rb‡bi gva¨‡g esk e„w× K‡i| åƒY
K‡ib Z‡e AMÖvwaKvi AvBb Abymv‡i cÖ_g weÁvbx KZ©…K cÖ`Ë weKvkKvjxb mg‡q åƒYxq ¯Íi m„wó nq|
bvgwU M„nxZ n‡e| DcwiD³ ivR¨Ø‡qi ‰ewk󨸇jv ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j ‡`Lv hvq ‡h,
(N) DÏxc‡Ki D‡jøwLZ RxewU n‡jv Bwjk gvQ, hv cÖK…Z‡Kvlx| dvbRvB iv‡R¨i ‡cwbwmwjqvg ‡_‡K A¨vwb‡gwjqv iv‡R¨i ‡`v‡qj
cÖK…Z‡Kv‡li mv‡_ Avw`‡Kv‡li wewfbœ ‰ewk‡ó¨i wfbœZv i‡q‡Q| cvwL AwaK DbœZ|
wb‡P Zv we‡kølY Kiv n‡jv-
Avw`‡Kv‡l ‡Kv‡bv myMwVZ wbDwK¬qvm _v‡K bv| Gme ‡Kv‡li Board Short Question
wbDwK¬qvm ‡Kv‡bv c`©v w`‡q Ave„Z _v‡K bv, ZvB wbDwK¬I e¯‘
mvB‡UvcøvR‡g Qov‡bv _v‡K| Gme ‡Kv‡l gvB‡UvKwÛ«qv, cøvw÷W, Ávbg~jK cÖ‡kœvËi
G‡ÛvcøvRwgK ‡iwUKzjvg BZ¨vw` A½vYy _v‡K bv Z‡e ivB‡ev‡Rvg 1. åæYwe`¨v Kv‡K e‡j? [iv. †ev, '24]
_v‡K| ‡µv‡gv‡Rv‡g ‡Kej DNA _v‡K| Ab¨w`‡K, cÖK…Z‡Kv‡li DËi : †fŠZ weÁv‡bi †h kvLvq Rbb †Kv‡li DrcwË, wbwl³
wbDwK¬qvm myMwVZ Ges wbDwK¬qvi wSwjø w`‡q wbDwK¬I-e¯‘ RvB‡MvU †_‡K f~‡Yi m„wó, MVb, cwiùyUb, weKvk cÖf„wZ wb‡q
cwi‡ewóZ I mymsMwVZ| Gme ‡Kv‡l ivB‡ev‡Rvgmn mKj A½vYy Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq Zv‡K åƒYwe`¨v e‡j|
Dcw¯’Z _v‡K| ‡µv‡gv‡Rv‡g DNA, wn‡÷vb, ‡cÖvwUb Ges Ab¨vb¨ 2. weeZ©bwe`¨v Kx? [Xv. †ev. '23; iv. †ev. 23]
Dcv`vb _v‡K| DËi : weÁv‡bi †h kvLvq c„w_ex‡Z cÖv‡Yi weKvk, Rx‡ei weeZ©b
AZGe ejv hvq ‡h, DÏxc‡Ki RxewUi ‡Kv‡li mv‡_ Avw`‡Kv‡li| Ges µgweKv‡ki Z_¨mg~n Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq Zv‡K weeZ©bwe`¨v
wewfbœ ‰ewk‡ó¨i my¯úó wfbœZv i‡q‡Q| e‡j|
24. wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ KiÑ 3. wn‡÷vjwR Kx? [Ky. †ev. '23; P. †ev. '23]
DËi : RxeweÁv‡bi †h kvLvq Rxe‡`‡ni wewfbœ wUmy¨mg~‡ni MVb,
web¨vm I Kvh©vewj wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq ZvB wn‡÷vjwR |
4. RxeweÁv‡bi RbK †K? [h. †ev. 17]
DËi : wMÖK `vk©wbK A¨vwi÷Uj n‡jv RxeweÁv‡bi RbK |
5. †fŠZ RxeweÁvb Kx? [w` †ev, '22]
[Kzwgjøv ‡evW© 2019] DËi : RxeweÁv‡bi †h kvLvq wewfbœ ZË¡xq welq wb‡q Av‡jvPbv
(K) wn‡÷vjwR Kv‡K e‡j? Kiv nq, ZvB †fŠZ RxeweÁvb |
(L) ‡Kv‡li ‡Kvb A½vYywU w¯úÛj hš¿ m„wó‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L? 6. kvixiwe`¨v Kv‡K e‡j? [g. †ev. '22]
e¨vL¨v Ki| DËi : RxeweÁv‡bi †h kvLvq Rx‡ei hveZxq kvixie„Ëxq Kv‡Ri
(M) wPÎ-B Gi ‡Kvl wefvRb c×wZ e¨vL¨v Ki| weeiY wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq Zv‡K kvixiwe`¨v e‡j|
(N) wPÎ-A Ges wPÎ-C Gi g‡a¨ ‡KvbwU DbœZ? we‡kølY Ki| 7. G‡ÛvµvB‡bvjwR Kx? [h. †ev. '23; Ky. †ev. '24, '20]
24 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi DËi : †fŠZ RweweÁv‡bi †h kvLvq Rxe‡`‡n ni‡gv‡bi
(K) RxeweÁv‡bi ‡h kvLvq Rxe‡`‡ni wUmy¨mg~‡ni MVb, web¨vm Ges Kvh©KvwiZv welqK Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq ZvB G‡ÛvµvB‡bvjwR|
Kvh©vewj wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq Zv‡K wn‡÷vjwR e‡j| 8. ev¯Íywe`¨v Kx? [wm. †ev. '24]
(L) ‡Kv‡li ‡h A½vYywU w¯úÐj hš¿ m„wó‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L Zv n‡jv DËi : †fŠZ weÁv‡bi †h kvLvq cÖvK…wZK cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ Rx‡ei
‡m‡›U«v‡Rvg| ‡m‡›U«v‡Rvg cÖvwY‡Kv‡li ‰ewkó¨, cÖavbZ cÖvwY‡Kv‡l AvšÍtm¤úK© wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq Zv‡K ev¯Íywe`¨v ejv nq |
G‡`i cvIqv hvq| wbgœ‡kÖwYi Dw™¢` ‡Kv‡l K`vwPr ‡`Lv hvq| 9. †Kvb kvLvq Rx‡ei ni‡gv‡bi Kvh©KvwiZv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq?
(M) DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-B n‡jv e¨vK‡Uwiqv; hv GKwU Avw`‡Kvlx Rxe| [Mft j¨ve‡iUix nvB ¯‹yj, ivRkvnx]
e¨vK‡Uwiqv‡Z ‡Kvl wefvRb A¨vgvB‡Uvwmm c×wZ‡Z N‡U _v‡K| DËi : †fŠZ RxeweÁv‡bi G‡ÛvµvB‡bvjwR kvLvq Rx‡ei|
wb‡P A¨vgvB‡Uvwmm ‡Kvl wefvRb c×wZwU e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡jv- ni‡gv‡bi Kvh©KvwiZv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq|
অধ্যায়-০১(জীবন পাঠ)
10. dwjZ RxeweÁvb Kx? [e. †ev. '23; iscyi wRjv ¯‹yj] DËi : RvZxq dyj n‡jv kvcjv| kvcjvi ˆeÁvwbK bvg
DËi : dwjZ RxeweÁvb RxeweÁv‡bi kvLv hv Rxeb-mswkøó Nymphaea nouchali.
cÖv‡qvwMK welqmg~n wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i | Abyavebg~jK cÖ‡kœvËi
11. cÖZœZË¡we`¨v ev Rxevk¥ weÁvb Kx? [Xv †ev. 22; iv. †ev. 17] 1. AYyRxeweÁvb‡K RxeweÁv‡bi dwjZ kvLv ejv nq †Kb? "Ky. †ev.
DËi : cÖv‰MwZnvwmK Rx‡ei weeiY Ges Rxevk¥ m¤úwK©Z weÁvbB 24]
n‡jv cÖZœZË¡we`¨v ev Rxevk¥ weÁvb| DËi : AYyRxeweÁv‡b fvBivm, e¨vK‡Uwiqv, AvYyex¶wYK QÎvK
12. ev‡qvBbdi‡gwUK&m Kx? [Xv, †ev, '20; wm. †ev, '20] Ges Ab¨vb¨ AYyRx‡ei Rxeb mswkøó cÖv‡qvwMK welq¸‡jv
DËi : ev‡qvBbdi‡gwUKm n‡jv Kw¤úDUvi cÖhyw³wbf©i Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq| †h‡nZy AYyRxeweÁv‡b AYyRx‡ei ZË¡xq welq
RxeweÁvb wfwËK Z_¨, †hgb- K¨vÝvi we‡kølY welqK weÁvb| Av‡jvPbv bv K‡i AYyRxe m¤úwK©Z cÖv‡qvwMK welq wb‡q
13. AvwK©‡Mvwbqvg Kx? [g.‡ev. '24] Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq, ZvB- AYyRxeweÁvb‡K Rxe weÁv‡bi dwjZ
DËi : ¯¿x Dw™¢‡`i ¯¿xRbb A½‡K ejv nq AvwK©‡Mvwbqvg ev kvLv ejv nq|
AvwK©‡Mvwbqv| 2. fvBivm‡K A‡Kvlxq ejv nq †Kb? [K¨v›Ub‡g›U cvewjK ¯‹yj GÛ
14. KbRy‡Mkb Kx? [wm. †ev. '23] K‡jR, ˆmq`cyi]
DËi : ˆRewbKfv‡e wfbœ wKš‘ MVbMZfv‡e GK, Giƒc `ywU DËi : fvBivm‡K A‡Kvlxq ejv nq KviY fvBivm ïaygvÎ †cÖvwUb
M¨v‡g‡Ui wgj‡bi gva¨‡g †m †hŠb Rbb N‡U ZvB KbRy‡Mkb| I wbDwK¬wqK Gwm‡Wi mgš^‡q MwVZ Ges Gi †Kvlxq †Kv‡bv
15. †kªwYweb¨vm Kv‡K e‡j? [e. †ev. 16; g.†ev. 23] A½vYy †bB| ïaygvÎ RxešÍ †cvlK †Kv‡l Giv msL¨v e„w× Ki‡Z
DËi : cvi¯úwiK mv`„k¨ I ˆemv`„‡k¨i Ici wfwË K‡i Rxe‡K cv‡i| Rxe‡`‡ni evB‡i Giv wbR©xe| GRb¨ Giv AvšÍt‡Kvlxq
wewfbœ `‡j wef³ Kiv‡K †kªwYweb¨vm e‡j| eva¨Zvg~jK ciRxex wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|
16. †kªwYweb¨v‡mi j¶¨ Kx? [w` †ev. 17] 3. †cÖvK¨vwiIUv I BDK¨vwiIUvi `ywU cv_©K¨ †jL|
DËi : †kªwYweb¨v‡mi j¶¨ n‡”Q GB wekvj I ˆewPΨgq DËi : †MÖvK¨vwiIUv I BDK¨vwiIUvi `ywU cv_©K¨ wbgœiƒc-
RxeRMr‡K mnRfv‡e Aí cwikª‡g Ges Aí mg‡q mwVKfv‡e ‡cÖvK¨vwiIUv BDK¨vwiIUv
Rvbv| 1. G ai‡bi †Kv‡l †Kvb 1. G ai‡bi †Kv‡li
17. †kªwYweb¨v‡mi RbK †K? [RqcyinvU Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR] myMwVZ wbDwK¬qvm _v‡K wbDwK¬Iqvm myMwVZ|
DËi : †kªwYweb¨v‡mi RbK n‡jv K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm| bv|
18. AvwK©‡Mvwbqvg Kx? [h. †ev. '22] 2. †cÖvK¨vwiIUv †Kv‡li 2. BDK¨vwiIUv †Kv‡li
DËi : ¯¿x Dw™¢‡`i ¯¿xRbb A½‡K ejv nq AvwK©‡Mvwbqvg ev wbDwK¬qvm †Kv‡bv c`©v wbDwK¬qvm wbDwK¬qvi
AvwK©‡Mvwbqv | Øviv †ewóZ _v‡K bv| wSwjø Øviv cwi‡ewóZ
19. †nUv‡iv‡UªvwdK Kx? [Ky. †ev. 22] _v‡K |
DËi : †hme Rxe wb‡Ri Lv`¨ wb‡R ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i bv Ges 4. RxeweÁvb‡K †Kb †fŠZ I dwjZ kvLvq wef³ Kiv nq?
Lv‡`¨i Rb¨ A‡b¨i Dci wbf©ikxj †mme RxeB n‡jv DËi : RxeweÁv‡b Rx‡ei MVb, ˆRewbK wµqv, RxebaviY BZ¨vw`
†nUv‡iv‡UªvwdK ev ci‡fvRx| †gŠwjK welq¸‡jv Av‡jvPbvi cvkvcvwk, G †gŠwjK Ávb‡K
20. cÖRvwZ Kv‡K e‡j? [‡dbx miKvwi cvBjU D”P we`¨vjq] Kxfv‡e Rx‡ei ej¨v‡Y ev cÖ‡qvR‡b Kv‡R jvMv‡bv hvq Zv
DËi : †kªwYweb¨v‡mi me©wbgœ I †gŠwjK GKK‡K cÖRvwZ e‡j| Av‡jvwPZ nq| Rx‡ei G mKj †gŠwjK Ávb‡K cÖ‡qv‡Mi wbwg‡Ë
21. †b‡÷W nvqivwK© Kx? [iscyi wRjv ¯‹yj] AviI wek`fv‡e Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ c„_Kfv‡e wewfbœ †fŠZ kvLvi
DËi : RxeRM‡Zi †kªwYweb¨v‡mi AvšÍR©vwZK †KvW wPwýZ mvZwU cÖv‡qvwMK kvLv ev dwjZ kvLv wfbœ wfbœ wk‡ivbv‡g ˆZwi Kiv
avc AbymiY K‡i †kªwYweb¨v‡mi c×wZ‡K †b‡÷W nvqvivwK© e‡j| n‡q‡Q| g~jZ Rx‡ei Aa¨qb I cÖ‡qv‡Mi cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi Rb¨
22. wØc` bvgKiY Kx? [Xv. †ev. 17; iv. †ev. 22] RxeweÁvb‡K †fŠZ I dwjZ kvLvq fvM Kiv nq |
DËi : ICBN Gi bxwZgvjv Abymv‡i †Kv‡bv MY bv‡gi †k‡l 5. eskMwZwe`¨v‡K RxeweÁv‡bi †fŠZ kvLv ejv nq †Kb? [Mft
GKwU cÖRvwZK bvg hy³ K‡i `ywU c‡`i gva¨‡g GKwU wbw`©ó j¨ve‡iUix nvB ¯‹yj ivRkvnx]
cÖRvwZi Rb¨ GKwU wbw`©ó ˆeÁvwbK bvg cÖ`vb Kiv‡K ejv nq DËi : RxeweÁv‡bi †h kvLvq ZË¡xq welq wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv
wØc` bvgKiY | nq Zv‡K †fŠZ RxeweÁvb e‡j| eskMwZwe`¨vq Rx‡ei eskMZ
23. wØc` bvgKiY c×wZ Kv‡K e‡j? [w` †ev, '23] ¸Yvewj Kxfv‡e GK esk †_‡K Ab¨ es‡k mÂvwiZ nq Zvi ixwZ-
DËi : GKwU Rx‡ei ˆeÁvwbK bvg `ywU Ask ev c` wb‡q MwVZ, bxwZ, msKi cÖRbb, cwie¨w³, cÖKiY m„wói KviY BZ¨vw`
Giƒc `ywU c` wb‡q MwVZ Rx‡ei bvg‡K wØc` bvg Ges bvgKi‡Yi cÖwµqv¸‡jv Av‡jvwPZ nq| G cÖwµqv¸‡jv cÖwZwU Rx‡ei Rb¨
cÖwµqv‡K wØc` bvgKiY c×wZ e‡j| AwZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ges G¸‡jv meB eskMwZwe`¨vi ZË¡xq welqvewj|
24. ICZN Gi c~Y©iƒc Kx? [P. †ev. 20] G Kvi‡Y eskMwZwe`¨v‡K RxeweÁv‡bi †fŠZ kvLv ejv nq |
DËi : ICZN Gi c~Y©iƒc n‡jv International Code of 6. gvkiæg‡K g„ZRxex Rxe ejv nq †Kb? [iv. †ev. '24]
Zoological Nomenclature DËi : gvkiæg GK ai‡bi QÎvK| GwU mvaviYZ cuPv KvV ev e¯Íy
25. ICBN Gi c~Y©iƒc wjL| [w`. †ev. 16] ev g„Z Rxe‡`n †_‡K LwbR jeY, cvwb A_ev cywó c`v_© †kvlY
DËi : ICBN-Gi c~Y©iƒc n‡jv- International Code of K‡i wb‡Ri Lv`¨ msMÖn K‡i ev cywó mvab K‡i| †h‡nZy gvkiæg
Botanical Nomenclature. g„Z Rxe †_‡KB Lv`¨ msMÖn K‡i †eu‡P _v‡K GRb¨ gvkiæg‡K
26. Rev dy‡ji ˆeÁvwbK bvg Kx? [wm. †ev, '22] g„ZRxex ejv nq|
DËi : Rev dy‡ji ˆeÁvwbK bvg n‡jv Hibiscus rosa- 7. kvixiwe`¨v‡K RxeweÁv‡bi †fŠZ kvLv ejv nq †Kb? [Ky. †ev.
sinensis. 22]
27. KuvVvj Gi ˆeÁvwbK bvg wjL| [ewikvj wRjv ¯‹yj] DËi : RxeweÁv‡bi †h kvLvq ZË¡xq welq wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv
DËi : KuvVvi Gi ˆeÁvbwK bvg n‡jv- Artocarpus nq Zv‡K †fŠZ RxeweÁvb e‡j| kvixiwe`¨vq Rxe‡`‡`i bvbv
heterophyllus. A½cÖZ¨‡½i ˆRe ivmvqwbK Kvh©vw` †hgb- k¦mb, †iPb,
28. RvZxq dy‡ji ˆeÁvwbK bvg Kx? [iv, †ev, 16] mv‡jvKms‡kølY BZ¨vw` Av‡jvwPZ nq| G cÖwµqv¸‡jv cÖwZwU
Rx‡ei Rb¨ AwZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ges G¸‡jv meB kvixiwe`¨vi ZË¡xq