Ucc 21520
Ucc 21520
14 VSSA
Reinforced Isolation
DIS 5
Disable,
13 NC
NC 7 UVLO Functional Isolation
and 12 NC
Deadtime
DT 6 11 VDDB
Driver
INB 2 MOD DEMOD UVLO 10 OUTB
GND 4
9 VSSB
An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
UCC21520, UCC21520A
SLUSCJ9F – JUNE 2016 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2024 www.ti.com
Table of Contents
1 Features............................................................................1 8 Detailed Description......................................................18
2 Applications..................................................................... 1 8.1 Overview................................................................... 18
3 Description.......................................................................1 8.2 Functional Block Diagram......................................... 18
4 Description (continued).................................................. 3 8.3 Feature Description...................................................19
5 Pin Configuration and Functions...................................4 8.4 Device Functional Modes..........................................23
6 Specifications.................................................................. 5 9 Application and Implementation.................................. 26
6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings........................................ 5 9.1 Application Information............................................. 26
6.2 ESD Ratings............................................................... 5 9.2 Typical Application.................................................... 26
6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions.........................5 10 Power Supply Recommendations..............................38
6.4 Thermal Information....................................................5 11 Layout........................................................................... 39
6.5 Power Ratings.............................................................6 11.1 Layout Guidelines................................................... 39
6.6 Insulation Specifications............................................. 7 11.2 Layout Example...................................................... 40
6.7 Safety Limiting Values.................................................8 12 Device and Documentation Support..........................42
6.8 Electrical Characteristics.............................................8 12.1 Third-Party Products Disclaimer............................. 42
6.9 Timing Requirements ................................................. 9 12.2 Documentation Support.......................................... 42
6.10 Switching Characteristics..........................................9 12.3 Certifications........................................................... 42
6.11 Insulation Characteristics Curves............................10 12.4 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates..42
6.12 Typical Characteristics............................................ 11 12.5 Support Resources................................................. 42
7 Parameter Measurement Information.......................... 15 12.6 Trademarks............................................................. 42
7.1 Propagation Delay and Pulse Width Distortion......... 15 12.7 Electrostatic Discharge Caution..............................42
7.2 Rising and Falling Time.............................................15 12.8 Glossary..................................................................42
7.3 Input and Disable Response Time............................ 15 13 Revision History.......................................................... 42
7.4 Programable Dead Time........................................... 16 14 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable
7.5 Power-up UVLO Delay to OUTPUT..........................16 Information.................................................................... 44
7.6 CMTI Testing.............................................................17
4 Description (continued)
Each device accepts VDD supply voltages up to 25 V. A wide input VCCI range from 3 V to 18 V makes the
driver suitable for interfacing with both analog and digital controllers. All supply voltage pins have under voltage
lock-out (UVLO) protection.
With all these advanced features, the UCC21520 and the UCC21520A enable high efficiency, high power
density, and robustness in a wide variety of power applications.
INA 1 16 VDDA
INB 2 15 OUTA
VCCI 3 14 VSSA
GND 4 13 NC
DISABLE 5 12 NC
DT 6 11 VDDB
NC 7 10 OUTB
VCCI 8 9 VSSB
Not to scale
Figure 5-1. DW Package 16-Pin SOIC Top View
6 Specifications
6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)(1)
MIN MAX UNIT
Input bias pin supply voltage VCCI to GND –0.3 20 V
Driver bias supply VDDA-VSSA, VDDB-VSSB –0.3 30 V
OUTA to VSSA, OUTB to VSSB –0.3 VDDA/B + 0.3 V
Output signal voltage
OUTA to VSSA, OUTB to VSSB, Transient for 200 ns –2 VDDA/B + 0.3 V
INA, INB, DIS, DT to GND –0.3 VCCI + 0.3 V
Input signal voltage
INA, INB Transient for 50ns –5 VCCI + 0.3 V
Channel to channel voltage VSSA-VSSB, VSSB-VSSA 1500 V
Junction temperature, TJ (2) –40 150 ℃
Storage temperature, Tstg –65 150 ℃
(1) Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Rating may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress
ratings only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated
under Recommended Operating Condition. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device
reliability.
(2) To maintain the recommended operating conditions for TJ, see the Section 6.4
(1) JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
(2) JEDEC document JEP157 states that 250-V CDM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
(1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics application
report.
(1) Creepage and clearance requirements should be applied according to the specific equipment isolation standards of an application.
Care should be taken to maintain the creepage and clearance distance of a board design to ensure that the mounting pads of the
isolator on the printed-circuit board do not reduce this distance. Creepage and clearance on a printed-circuit board become equal
in certain cases. Techniques such as inserting grooves, ribs, or both on a printed-circuit board are used to help increase these
specifications.
(2) This coupler is suitable for safe electrical insulation only within the safety ratings. Compliance with the safety ratings shall be ensured
by means of suitable protective circuits.
(3) Testing is carried out in air or oil to determine the intrinsic surge immunity of the isolation barrier.
(4) Apparent charge is electrical discharge caused by a partial discharge (pd).
(5) All pins on each side of the barrier tied together creating a two-pin device.
(1) The maximum safety temperature, TS, has the same value as the maximum junction temperature, TJ , specified for the device. The
IS and PS parameters represent the safety current and safety power respectively. The maximum limits of IS and PS should not be
exceeded. These limits vary with the ambient temperature, TA. The junction-to-air thermal resistance, RqJA, in the Thermal Information
table is that of a device installed on a high-K test board for leaded surface-mount packages. Use these equations to calculate the value
for each parameter: TJ = TA + RqJA ´ P, where P is the power dissipated in the device. TJ(max) = TS = TA + RqJA ´ PS, where TJ(max) is the
maximum allowed junction temperature. PS = IS ´ VI , where VI is the maximum supply voltage.
60 1800
Safety Limiting Current per Channel (mA)
1400
40 1200
1000
30
800
20 600
400
10 200
0
0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Ambient Te mperature (°C)
Ambient Te mperature (°C)
Figure 6-3. Thermal Derating Curve for Safety-Related Limiting
Figure 6-2. Thermal Derating Curve for Safety-Related Limiting Power
Current (Current in Each Channel with Both Channels Running
Simultaneously)
17.5 50
45
15
40
12.5 35
Current (mA)
Current (mA)
10 30
25
7.5
20
5 15
10
2.5 VDD=15V VDD=15V
VDD=25V 5 VDD=25V
0
0
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Frequency (kHz)
Frequency (kHz)
Figure 6-4. Per Channel Current Consumption vs Frequency Figure 6-5. Per Channel Current Consumption (IVDDA/B) vs
(No Load, VDD = 15 V or 25 V) Frequency (1-nF Load, VDD = 15 V or 25 V)
30 14
500kHz
27 1000kHz
12
24 2000kHz
3000kHz
21 10
Current (mA)
Current (mA)
18
8
15
6
12
9 4
6
VDD=15V 2
3 VDD=25V
0 0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Frequency (kHz) Te mperature (°C)
Figure 6-6. Per Channel Current Consumption (IVDDA/B) vs Figure 6-7. Per Channel (IVDDA/B) Supply Current vs
Frequency (10-nF Load, VDD = 15 V or 25 V) Temperature (No Load, Different Switching Frequencies)
2 1.6
1.6
1.5
Current (mA)
Current (mA)
1.2
1.4
0.8
1.3
0.4
VDD=15V VCC=3.3V
VDD=25V VCC=5V
0 1.2
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Te mperature (°C) Te mperature (°C)
Figure 6-8. Per Channel (IVDDA/B) Quiescent Supply Current vs Figure 6-9. IVCCI Quiescent Supply Current vs Temperature (No
Temperature (No Load, Input Low, No Switching) Load, Input Low, No Switching)
30 6
Output Pull-Up
27.5 5.5
Output Pull-Down
25 5
22.5 4.5
Resistance (Ohm)
4
20
Time (ns)
3.5
17.5
3
15
2.5
12.5
2
10 1.5
tRise
7.5 tFall 1
5 0.5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Load (nF) Te mperature (°C)
Figure 6-10. Rising and Falling Times vs Load (VDD = 15 V) Figure 6-11. Output Resistance vs Temperature
40 36
36
34
Propagation Delay (ns)
32
32
28
30
24
Rising Edge (tPDLH) Rising Edge (tPDLH)
Falling Edge (tPDHL) Falling Edge (tPDHL)
20 28
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5
Te mperature (°C) VCCI (V)
Figure 6-12. Propagation Delay vs Temperature Figure 6-13. Propagation Delay vs VCCI
3 2
1.5
Propagation Delay Matching (ns)
2
Pulse Width Distortion (ns)
1
1
0.5
0 0
-0.5
-1
-1
-2
-1.5 Rising Edge
Falling Edge
-3 -2
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Te mperature (°C) VDD (V)
Figure 6-14. Pulse Width Distortion vs Temperature Figure 6-15. Propagation Delay Matching (tDM) vs VDD
2 0.8
1.5
Propagation Delay Matching (ns)
0.7
1
0 0.5
-0.5 0.4
-1
0.3
-1.5 Rising Edge
Falling Edge
0.2
-2
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Te mperature (°C)
Te mperature (°C)
Figure 6-17. VDD 5-V UVLO Hysteresis vs Temperature
Figure 6-16. Propagation Delay Matching (tDM) vs Temperature
8 1
VVDD_ON
VVDD_OFF
0.9
7
UVLO Hysteresis (V)
UVLO Threshold (V)
0.8
6 0.7
0.6
5
0.5
0.4
4
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Te mperature (°C)
Te mperature (°C)
Figure 6-19. VDD 8-V UVLO Hysteresis vs Temperature
Figure 6-18. VDD 5-V UVLO Threshold vs Temperature
10 0.9
VVDD_ON
VVDD_OFF
9 0.89
UVLO Threshold (V)
Hysteresis (V)
8 0.88
7 0.87
6 0.86
VCC=3.3V
VCC=5V
5 0.85
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Te mperature (°C) Te mperature (°C)
Figure 6-20. VDD 8-V UVLO Threshold vs Temperature Figure 6-21. IN/DIS Hysteresis vs Temperature
1.2 2
1.14 1.92
1.08 1.84
1.02 1.76
Figure 6-22. IN/DIS Low Threshold Figure 6-23. IN/DIS High Threshold
1500 5
RDT= 20k:
RDT= 100k:
1200 -6
Dead Time (ns)
900 -17
'DT (ns)
600 -28
300 -39
RDT= 20k:
RDT = 100k:
0 -50
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature (qC) D001 Temperature (qC) D001
Figure 6-24. Dead Time vs Temperature (with RDT = 20 kΩ and Figure 6-25. Dead Time Matching vs Temperature (with RDT = 20
100 kΩ) kΩ and 100 kΩ)
20
2.2nF Load
10nF Load
15
Y Axis Title (Unit)
10
-5
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
TIME
Figure 6-26. Typical Output Waveforms
INA/B
tPDLHA tPDHLA
tDM
OUTA
tPDLHB tPDHLB
tPWDB = |tPDLHB t tPDHLB|
OUTB
80% 90%
tRISE tFALL
20%
10%
INA
DIS High
Response Time
DIS
DIS Low
Response Time
OUTA tPDLH
90% 90%
tPDHL
INA
INB
90%
OUTA 10%
tPDHL tPDLH
OUTB 90%
10%
Dead Time
tPDHL
Dead Time
(Set by RDT) (Determined by Input signals if
longer than DT set by RDT)
VCCI, VCCI,
INx VVCCI_ON VVCCI_OFF INx
VDDx VDDx
tVCCI+ to OUT VVDD_ON tVDD+ to OUT VVDD_OFF
OUTx OUTx
Figure 7-5. VCCI Power-up UVLO Delay Figure 7-6. VDDA/B Power-up UVLO Delay
VCC VSSA
VCCI 14
Reinforced Isolation
3
Input Logic
GND Functional
4
Isolation
DIS VDDB
5 11
DT OUTB
6 OUTB
10
VCCI VSSB
8 9
GND VSS
Common Mode Surge
Generator
Copyright © 2017, Texas Instruments Incorporated
8 Detailed Description
8.1 Overview
In order to switch power transistors rapidly and reduce switching power losses, high-current gate drivers are
often placed between the output of control devices and the gates of power transistors. There are several
instances where controllers are not capable of delivering sufficient current to drive the gates of power transistors.
This is especially the case with digital controllers, since the input signal from the digital controller is often a 3.3-V
logic signal capable of only delivering a few mA.
The UCC21520, UCC21520A are flexible dual gate drivers which can be configured to fit a variety of power
supply and motor drive topologies, as well as drive several types of transistors, including SiC MOSFETs. The
UCC21520, UCC21520A have many features that allow it to integrate well with control circuitry and protect the
gates it drives such as: resistor-programmable dead time (DT) control, a DISABLE pin, and under voltage lock
out (UVLO) for both input and output voltages. The UCC21520 and the UCC21520A also hold its outputs low
when the inputs are left open or when the input pulse is not wide enough. The driver inputs are CMOS and
TTL compatible for interfacing to digital and analog power controllers alike. Each channel is controlled by its
respective input pins (INA and INB), allowing full and independent control of each of the outputs.
8.2 Functional Block Diagram
INA 1 16 VDDA
200 k Driver
VCCI MOD DEMOD Deglitch
Filter 15 OUTA
UVLO
VCCI 3,8 UVLO
14 VSSA
Reinforced Isolation
GND 4
13 NC
Deadtime Functional Isolation
DT 6 Control 12 NC
DIS 5
11 VDDB
200 k
Driver
MOD DEMOD Deglitch
Filter 10 OUTB
UVLO
INB 2
9 VSSB
200 k
NC 7
VDD
RHI_Z
Output
OUT
Control
RCLAMP
RCLAMP is activated
during UVLO VSS
The VDD UVLO protection has a hysteresis feature (VVDD_HYS). This hysteresis prevents chatter when there is
ground noise from the power supply. Also this allows the device to accept small drops in bias voltage, which is
bound to happen when the device starts switching and operating current consumption increases suddenly.
The input side of the UCC21520 and the UCC21520A also has an internal undervoltage lock out (UVLO)
protection feature. The device isn't active unless the voltage, VCCI, is going to exceed VVCCI_ON on start up. And
a signal will cease to be delivered when that pin receives a voltage less than VVCCI_OFF. And, just like the UVLO
for VDD, there is hysteresis (VVCCI_HYS) to ensure stable operation.
All versions of the UCC21520 can withstand an absolute maximum of 30 V for VDD, and 20 V for VCCI.
Table 8-1. UCC21520 and UCC21520A VCCI UVLO Feature Logic
INPUTS OUTPUTS
CONDITION
INA INB OUTA OUTB
VCCI-GND < VVCCI_ON during device start up H L L L
VCCI-GND < VVCCI_ON during device start up L H L L
VCCI-GND < VVCCI_ON during device start up H H L L
VCCI-GND < VVCCI_ON during device start up L L L L
VCCI-GND < VVCCI_OFF after device start up H L L L
VCCI-GND < VVCCI_OFF after device start up L H L L
VCCI-GND < VVCCI_OFF after device start up H H L L
VCCI-GND < VVCCI_OFF after device start up L L L L
VDD
ROH
Shoot-
RNMOS
Input Through
OUT
Signal Prevention
Circuitry ROL
Pull Up
VSS
The steady state voltage at DT pin is around 0.8 V, and the DT pin current will be less than 10uA when
RDT=100kΩ. When using RDT> 5kΩ, it is recommended to parallel a ceramic capacitor, ≤1nF, close to the
chip with RDT to achieve better noise immunity and better dead time matching between two channels. It is not
recommended to leave the DT pin floating.
An input signal’s falling edge activates the programmed dead time for the other signal. The output signals’ dead
time is always set to the longer of either the driver’s programmed dead time or the input signal’s own dead time.
If both inputs are high simultaneously, both outputs will immediately be set low. This feature is used to prevent
shoot-through, and it doesn’t affect the programmed dead time setting for normal operation. Various driver dead
time logic operating conditions are illustrated and explained in:
INA
INB
DT
OUTA
OUTB
A B C D E F
Figure 8-4. Input and Output Logic Relationship With Input Signals
Condition A: INB goes low, INA goes high. INB sets OUTB low immediately and assigns the programmed dead
time to OUTA. OUTA is allowed to go high after the programmed dead time.
Condition B: INB goes high, INA goes low. Now INA sets OUTA low immediately and assigns the programmed
dead time to OUTB. OUTB is allowed to go high after the programmed dead time.
Condition C: INB goes low, INA is still low. INB sets OUTB low immediately and assigns the programmed dead
time for OUTA. In this case, the input signal’s own dead time is longer than the programmed dead time. Thus,
when INA goes high, it immediately sets OUTA high.
Condition D: INA goes low, INB is still low. INA sets OUTA low immediately and assigns the programmed dead
time to OUTB. INB’s own dead time is longer than the programmed dead time. Thus, when INB goes high, it
immediately sets OUTB high.
Condition E: INA goes high, while INB and OUTB are still high. To avoid overshoot, INA immediately pulls
OUTB low and keeps OUTA low. After some time OUTB goes low and assigns the programmed dead time to
OUTA. OUTB is already low. After the programmed dead time, OUTA is allowed to go high.
Condition F: INB goes high, while INA and OUTA are still high. To avoid overshoot, INB immediately pulls
OUTA low and keeps OUTB low. After some time OUTA goes low and assigns the programmed dead time to
OUTB. OUTA is already low. After the programmed dead time, OUTB is allowed to go high.
The UCC21520 or the UCC21520A effectively combines both isolation and buffer-drive functions. The flexible,
universal capability of the UCC21520 and the UCC21520A (with up to 18-V VCCI and 25-V VDDA/VDDB) allows
the device to be used as a low-side, high-side, high-side/low-side or half-bridge driver for MOSFETs, IGBTs or
SiC MOSFETs. With integrated components, advanced protection features (UVLO, dead time, and disable) and
optimized switching performance; the UCC21520 and the UCC21520A enables designers to build smaller, more
robust designs for enterprise, telecom, automotive, and industrial applications with a faster time to market.
9.2 Typical Application
The circuit in Figure 9-1 shows a reference design with the UCC21520 driving a typical half-bridge configuration
which could be used in several popular power converter topologies such as synchronous buck, synchronous
boost, half-bridge/full bridge isolated topologies, and 3-phase motor drive applications.
VDD
VCC RBOOT
HV DC-Link
VCC
INA VDDA ROFF
PWM-A 1 16
CIN 3
C CVCC SW
Input Logic
GND Functional
4
Isolation VDD
Analog DIS
Disable VDDB
or 5 11 ROFF
Digital
1nF DT OUTB RON
RDIS 6 10
CVDD
VCCI RGS
RDT VSSB
8 9
where
• VBDF is the estimated bootstrap diode forward voltage drop at 8 A.
§ VDD VBDF ·
IOA min ¨ 4A, ¸
¨ RNMOS || ROH RON RGFET _ Int ¸¹
© (3)
§ VDD ·
IOB min ¨ 4A, ¸
¨ R || R RON RGFET _ Int ¸¹
© NMOS OH (4)
where
• RON: External turn-on resistance.
• RGFET_INT: Power transistor internal gate resistance, found in the power transistor datasheet.
• IO+ = Peak source current – The minimum value between 4 A, the gate driver peak source current, and the
calculated value based on the gate drive loop resistance.
In this example:
VDD 20V
IOB | 2.5A
RNMOS || ROH RON RGFET _ Int 1.47: || 5: 2.2: 4.6: (6)
Therefore, the high-side and low-side peak source current is 2.4 A and 2.5 A respectively. Similarly, the peak
sink current can be calculated with:
§ VDD VGDF ·
IOB min ¨ 6A, ¸
¨ ROL ROFF || RON RGFET _ Int ¸¹
© (8)
where
• ROFF: External turn-off resistance;
• VGDF: The anti-parallel diode forward voltage drop which is in series with ROFF. The diode in this example is
an MSS1P4.
• IO-: Peak sink current – the minimum value between 6 A, the gate driver peak sink current, and the calculated
value based on the gate drive loop resistance.
In this example,
Therefore, the high-side and low-side peak sink current is 3.6 A and 3.7 A respectively.
Importantly, the estimated peak current is also influenced by PCB layout and load capacitance. Parasitic
inductance in the gate driver loop can slow down the peak gate drive current and introduce overshoot and
undershoot. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that the gate driver loop should be minimized. On the other
hand, the peak source/sink current is dominated by loop parasitics when the load capacitance (CISS) of the
power transistor is very small (typically less than 1 nF), because the rising and falling time is too small and close
to the parasitic ringing period.
Failure to control OUTx voltage to less than the Absolute Maximum Ratings in the datasheet (including
transients) may result in permanent damage to the device in certain cases. To reduce excessive gate ringing,
it is recommended to use a ferrite bead near the gate of the FET. External clamping diodes can also be added
in the case of extended overshoot/undershoot, in order to clamp the OUTx voltage to the VDDx and VSSx
voltages.
9.2.2.4 Gate to Source Resistor Selection
A gate to source resistor, RGS, is recommended to pull down the gate to the source voltage when the gate driver
output is unpowered and in an indeterminate state. This resistor also helps to mitigate the risk of dv/dt induced
turn-on due to Miller current before the gate driver is able to turn on and actively pull low. This resistor is typically
sized between 5.1kΩ and 20kΩ, depending on the Vth and ratio of CGD to CGS of the power device.
9.2.2.5 Estimate Gate Driver Power Loss
The total loss, PG, in the gate driver subsystem includes the power losses of the UCC21520 (PGD) and the
power losses in the peripheral circuitry, such as the external gate drive resistor. Bootstrap diode loss is not
included in PG and not discussed in this section.
PGD is the key power loss which determines the thermal safety-related limits of the UCC21520, and it can be
estimated by calculating losses from several components.
The first component is the static power loss, PGDQ, which includes quiescent power loss on the driver as well
as driver self-power consumption when operating with a certain switching frequency. PGDQ is measured on the
bench with no load connected to OUTA and OUTB at a given VCCI, VDDA/VDDB, switching frequency and
ambient temperature. Figure 6-4 shows the per output channel current consumption vs operating frequency
with no load. In this example, VVCCI = 5 V and VVDD = 20 V. The current on each power supply, with INA/INB
switching from 0 V to 3.3 V at 100 kHz is measured to be IVCCI = 2.5 mA, and IVDDA = IVDDB = 1.5 mA. Therefore,
the PGDQ can be calculated with
The second component is switching operation loss, PGDO, with a given load capacitance which the driver
charges and discharges the load during each switching cycle. Total dynamic loss due to load switching, PGSW,
can be estimated with
where
QG represents the total gate charge of the power transistor switching 800 V at 20 A, and is subject to change
with different testing conditions. The UCC21520 gate driver loss on the output stage, PGDO, is part of PGSW.
PGDO will be equal to PGSW if the external gate driver resistances are zero, and all the gate driver loss is
dissipated inside the UCC21520. If there are external turn-on and turn-off resistances, the total loss will be
distributed between the gate driver pull-up/down resistances and external gate resistances. Importantly, the
pull-up/down resistance is a linear and fixed resistance if the source/sink current is not saturated to 4 A/6 A,
however, it will be non-linear if the source/sink current is saturated. Therefore, PGDO is different in these two
scenarios.
Case 1 - Linear Pull-Up/Down Resistor:
In this design example, all the predicted source/sink currents are less than 4 A/6 A, therefore, the UCC21520
gate driver loss can be estimated with:
ª TR _ Sys TF _ Sys
º
PGDO 2 u fSW u « 4A u ³ VDD VOUTA/B t dt 6A u ³ VOUTA/B t dt »
¬« 0 0 ¼» (16)
where
• VOUTA/B(t) is the gate driver OUTA and OUTB pin voltage during the turn on and off transient, and it can be
simplified that a constant current source (4 A at turn-on and 6 A at turn-off) is charging/discharging a load
capacitor. Then, the VOUTA/B(t) waveform will be linear and the TR_Sys and TF_Sys can be easily predicted.
For some scenarios, if only one of the pull-up or pull-down circuits is saturated and another one is not, the
PGDO will be a combination of Case 1 and Case 2, and the equations can be easily identified for the pull-up
and pull-down based on the above discussion. Therefore, total gate driver loss dissipated in the gate driver
UCC21520, PGD, is:
TJ = TC + Y JT ´ PGD (18)
where
• TC is the UCC21520 case-top temperature measured with a thermocouple or some other instrument, and
• ΨJT is the Junction-to-top characterization parameter from the Thermal Information table.
Using the junction-to-top characterization parameter (ΨJT) instead of the junction-to-case thermal resistance
(RΘJC) can greatly improve the accuracy of the junction temperature estimation. The majority of the thermal
energy of most ICs is released into the PCB through the package leads, whereas only a small percentage of the
total energy is released through the top of the case (where thermocouple measurements are usually conducted).
RΘJC can only be used effectively when most of the thermal energy is released through the case, such as with
metal packages or when a heatsink is applied to an IC package. In all other cases, use of RΘJC will inaccurately
estimate the true junction temperature. ΨJT is experimentally derived by assuming that the amount of energy
leaving through the top of the IC will be similar in both the testing environment and the application environment.
As long as the recommended layout guidelines are observed, junction temperature estimates can be made
accurately to within a few degrees Celsius. For more information, see the Semiconductor and IC Package
Thermal Metrics Application Report.
9.2.2.7 Selecting VCCI, VDDA/B Capacitor
Bypass capacitors for VCCI, VDDA, and VDDB are essential for achieving reliable performance. It is
recommended that one choose low ESR and low ESL surface-mount multi-layer ceramic capacitors (MLCC)
with sufficient voltage ratings, temperature coefficients and capacitance tolerances. Importantly, DC bias on an
MLCC will impact the actual capacitance value. For example, a 25-V, 1-µF X7R capacitor is measured to be only
500 nF when a DC bias of 15 VDC is applied.
9.2.2.7.1 Selecting a VCCI Capacitor
A bypass capacitor connected to VCCI supports the transient current needed for the primary logic and the total
current consumption, which is only a few mA. Therefore, a 50-V MLCC with over 100 nF is recommended for
this application. If the bias power supply output is a relatively long distance from the VCCI pin, a tantalum or
electrolytic capacitor, with a value over 1 µF, should be placed in parallel with the MLCC.
9.2.2.7.2 Selecting a VDDA (Bootstrap) Capacitor
A VDDA capacitor, also referred to as a bootstrap capacitor in bootstrap power supply configurations, allows for
gate drive current transients up to 6 A, and needs to maintain a stable gate drive voltage for the power transistor.
The total charge needed per switching cycle can be estimated with
where
• QTotal: Total charge needed
• QG: Gate charge of the power transistor.
• IVDD: The channel self-current consumption with no load at 100kHz.
• fSW: The switching frequency of the gate driver
Therefore, the absolute minimum CBoot requirement is:
QTotal 75nC
CBoot 150nF
'VVDDA 0.5V (20)
where
• ΔVVDDA is the voltage ripple at VDDA, which is 0.5 V in this example.
In practice, the value of CBoot is greater than the calculated value. This allows for the capacitance shift caused by
the DC bias voltage and for situations where the power stage would otherwise skip pulses due to load transients.
Therefore, it is recommended to include a safety-related margin in the CBoot value and place it as close to the
VDD and VSS pins as possible. A 50-V 1-µF capacitor is chosen in this example.
CBoot 1 ) (21)
Care should be taken when selecting the bootstrap capacitor to ensure that the VDD to VSS voltage does not
drop below the recommended minimum operating level listed in section 6.3. The value of the bootstrap capacitor
should be sized such that it can supply the initial charge to switch the power device, and then continuously
supply the gate driver quiescent current for the duration of the high-side on-time.
If the high-side supply voltage drops below the UVLO falling threshold, the high-side gate driver output will turn
off and switch the power device off. Uncontrolled hard-switching of power devices can cause high di/dt and high
dv/dt transients on the output of the driver and may result in permanent damage to the device.
To further lower the AC impedance for a wide frequency range, it is recommended to have bypass capacitor
placed very close to VDDx - VSSx pins with a low ESL/ESR. In this example a 100 nF, X7R ceramic capacitor, is
placed in parallel with CBoot to optimize the transient performance.
Note
Too large CBOOT is not good. CBOOT may not be charged within the first few cycles and VBOOT could
stay below UVLO. As a result, the high-side FET does not follow input signal command. Also during
initial CBOOT charging cycles, the bootstrap diode has highest reverse recovery current and losses.
where
• DTsetting: UCC21520 dead time setting in ns, DTSetting = 10 × RDT(in kΩ).
• DTReq: System required dead time between the real VGS signal of the top and bottom switch with enough
margin, or ZVS requirement.
• TF_Sys: In-system gate turn-off falling time at worst case of load, voltage/current conditions.
• TR_Sys: In-system gate turn-on rising time at worst case of load, voltage/current conditions.
• TD(on): Turn-on delay time, from 10% of the transistor gate signal to power transistor gate threshold.
In the example, DTSetting is set to 250 ns.
It should be noted that the UCC21520 dead time setting is decided by the DT pin configuration (see Section
8.4.2), and it cannot automatically fine-tune the dead time based on system conditions. It is recommended to
parallel a ceramic capacitor, ≤1nF, close to the DT pin with RDT to achieve better noise immunity.
3 14
VZ = 5.1 V
Input Logic
Functional SW
4
Isolation
5 VDDB
11
6 OUTB
10
Copyright © 2017, Texas Instruments Incorporated
VSSB
8 9
Figure 9-2. Negative Bias with Zener Diode on Iso-Bias Power Supply Output
Figure 9-3 shows another example which uses two supplies (or single-input-double-output power supply). Power
supply VA+ determines the positive drive output voltage and VA– determines the negative turn-off voltage. The
configuration for channel B is the same as channel A. This solution requires more power supplies than the first
example, however, it provides more flexibility when setting the positive and negative rail voltages.
VDDA HV DC-Link
16 ROFF
1 CA1 +
VA+ RON
OUTA ± CIN
2 15
CA2 +
VSSA VA-
Reinforced Isolation
3 ±
14
Input Logic
4 Functional
Isolation SW
5 VDDB
11
6 OUTB
10
The last example, shown in Figure 9-4, is a single power supply configuration and generates negative bias
through a Zener diode in the gate drive loop. The benefit of this solution is that it only uses one power supply
and the bootstrap power supply can be used for the high side drive. This design requires the least cost and
design effort among the three solutions. However, this solution has limitations:
1. The negative gate drive bias is not only determined by the Zener diode, but also by the duty cycle, which
means the negative bias voltage will change when the duty cycle changes. Therefore, converters with a
fixed duty cycle (~50%) such as variable frequency resonant convertors or phase shift convertors favor this
solution.
2. The high side VDDA-VSSA must maintain enough voltage to stay in the recommended power supply range,
which means the low side switch must turn-on or have free-wheeling current on the body (or anti-parallel)
diode for a certain period during each switching cycle to refresh the bootstrap capacitor. Therefore, a 100%
duty cycle for the high side is not possible unless there is a dedicated power supply for the high side, like in
the other two example circuits.
VDD
RBOOT
HV DC-Link
VDDA CZ ROFF
1 16
3
Input Logic
Functional SW
4
Isolation VDD
5 VDDB CZ ROFF
11
OUTB VZ RON
6 10
CVDD RGS
VSSB
8 9
Figure 9-4. Negative Bias with Single Power Supply and Zener Diode in Gate Drive Path
Figure 9-5. Bench Test Waveform for INA/B and Figure 9-6. Zoomed-In Bench Test Waveform
OUTA/B
11 Layout
11.1 Layout Guidelines
One must pay close attention to PCB layout in order to achieve optimum performance for the UCC21520 and the
UCC21520A. Below are some key points.
Component Placement:
• Low-ESR and low-ESL capacitors must be connected close to the device between the VCCI and GND pins
and between the VDD and VSS pins to support high peak currents when turning on the external power
transistor.
• To avoid large negative transients on the switch node VSSA (HS) pin, the parasitic inductances between the
source of the top transistor and the source of the bottom transistor must be minimized.
• It is recommended to place the dead-time setting resistor, RDT, and its bypassing capacitor close to DT pin of
the UCC21520 or the UCC21520A.
• It is recommended to bypass using a ≈1nF low ESR/ESL capacitor, CDIS, close to DIS pin when connecting to
a µC with distance.
Grounding Considerations:
• It is essential to confine the high peak currents that charge and discharge the transistor gates to a minimal
physical area. This will decrease the loop inductance and minimize noise on the gate terminals of the
transistors. The gate driver must be placed as close as possible to the transistors.
• Pay attention to high current path that includes the bootstrap capacitor, bootstrap diode, local VSSB-
referenced bypass capacitor, and the low-side transistor body/anti-parallel diode. The bootstrap capacitor
is recharged on a cycle-by-cycle basis through the bootstrap diode by the VDD bypass capacitor. This
recharging occurs in a short time interval and involves a high peak current. Minimizing this loop length and
area on the circuit board is important for ensuring reliable operation.
High-Voltage Considerations:
• To ensure isolation performance between the primary and secondary side, one should avoid placing any PCB
traces or copper below the driver device. A PCB cutout is recommended in order to prevent contamination
that may compromise the isolation performance of the UCC21520 and the UCC21520A.
• For half-bridge, or high-side/low-side configurations, where the channel A and channel B drivers could
operate with a DC-link voltage up to 1500 VDC, one should try to increase the creepage distance of the PCB
layout between the high and low-side PCB traces.
Thermal Considerations:
• A large amount of power may be dissipated by the UCC21520 or the UCC21520A if the driving voltage is
high, the load is heavy, or the switching frequency is high (refer to Section 9.2.2.5 for more details). Proper
PCB layout can help dissipate heat from the device to the PCB and minimize junction to board thermal
impedance (θJB).
• Increasing the PCB copper connecting to VDDA, VDDB, VSSA and VSSB pins is recommended, with priority
on maximizing the connection to VSSA and VSSB (see Figure 11-2 and Figure 11-3). However, high voltage
PCB considerations mentioned above must be maintained.
• If there are multiple layers in the system, it is also recommended to connect the VDDA, VDDB, VSSA and
VSSB pins to internal ground or power planes through multiple vias of adequate size. However, keep in mind
that there shouldn’t be any traces/coppers from different high voltage planes overlapping.
Figure 11-2 and Figure 11-3 shows top and bottom layer traces and copper.
Note
There are no PCB traces or copper between the primary and secondary side, which ensures isolation
performance.
PCB traces between the high-side and low-side gate drivers in the output stage are increased to maximize the
creepage distance for high-voltage operation, which will also minimize cross-talk between the switching node
VSSA (SW), where high dv/dt may exist, and the low-side gate drive due to the parasitic capacitance coupling.
Figure 11-2. Top Layer Traces and Copper Figure 11-3. Bottom Layer Traces and Copper
Note
The location of the PCB cutout between the primary side and secondary sides, which ensures
isolation performance.
Figure 11-4. 3-D PCB Top View Figure 11-5. 3-D PCB Bottom View
12.8 Glossary
TI Glossary This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions.
13 Revision History
NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version.
• Changed DISABLE logic; DISABLE left open will pull outputs low...................................................................21
• Added paragraph on minimum pulse width to Output Stage section................................................................22
• Updated ESD diode structure...........................................................................................................................23
• Updated DT Pin Connected to a Programming Resistor Between DT and GND Pins section to recommend
<=1nF capacitor on DT pin. .............................................................................................................................24
• Updated typical schematic DT pin capacitor recommendation ........................................................................26
• Updated Dead Time Setting Guidelines section to recommend <=1nF capacitor on DT pin. ......................... 33
www.ti.com 7-May-2025
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Status Material type Package | Pins Package qty | Carrier RoHS Lead finish/ MSL rating/ Op temp (°C) Part marking
part number (1) (2) (3) Ball material Peak reflow (6)
(4) (5)
UCC21520ADW Obsolete Production SOIC (DW) | 16 - - Call TI Call TI -40 to 125 UCC21520A
UCC21520ADWR Active Production SOIC (DW) | 16 2000 | LARGE T&R Yes NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -40 to 125 UCC21520A
UCC21520DW Obsolete Production SOIC (DW) | 16 - - Call TI Call TI -40 to 125 UCC21520
UCC21520DWR Active Production SOIC (DW) | 16 2000 | LARGE T&R Yes NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -40 to 125 UCC21520
(1)
Status: For more details on status, see our product life cycle.
(2)
Material type: When designated, preproduction parts are prototypes/experimental devices, and are not yet approved or released for full production. Testing and final process, including without
limitation quality assurance, reliability performance testing, and/or process qualification, may not yet be complete, and this item is subject to further changes or possible discontinuation. If available
for ordering, purchases will be subject to an additional waiver at checkout, and are intended for early internal evaluation purposes only. These items are sold without warranties of any kind.
(3)
RoHS values: Yes, No, RoHS Exempt. See the TI RoHS Statement for additional information and value definition.
(4)
Lead finish/Ball material: Parts may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead finish/Ball material values may wrap to two lines if the
finish value exceeds the maximum column width.
(5)
MSL rating/Peak reflow: The moisture sensitivity level ratings and peak solder (reflow) temperatures. In the event that a part has multiple moisture sensitivity ratings, only the lowest level per
JEDEC standards is shown. Refer to the shipping label for the actual reflow temperature that will be used to mount the part to the printed circuit board.
(6)
Part marking: There may be an additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category of the part.
Multiple part markings will be inside parentheses. Only one part marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a part. If a line is indented then it is a continuation of the
previous line and the two combined represent the entire part marking for that device.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and
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TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.
Addendum-Page 1
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com 7-May-2025
• Automotive : UCC21520-Q1
• Automotive - Q100 devices qualified for high-reliability automotive applications targeting zero defects
Addendum-Page 2
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com 4-Mar-2025
B0 W
Reel
Diameter
Cavity A0
A0 Dimension designed to accommodate the component width
B0 Dimension designed to accommodate the component length
K0 Dimension designed to accommodate the component thickness
W Overall width of the carrier tape
P1 Pitch between successive cavity centers
Sprocket Holes
Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2
Pocket Quadrants
Pack Materials-Page 1
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com 4-Mar-2025
Width (mm)
H
W
Pack Materials-Page 2
GENERIC PACKAGE VIEW
DW 16 SOIC - 2.65 mm max height
7.5 x 10.3, 1.27 mm pitch SMALL OUTLINE INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
This image is a representation of the package family, actual package may vary.
Refer to the product data sheet for package details.
4224780/A
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PACKAGE OUTLINE
DW0016B SCALE 1.500
SOIC - 2.65 mm max height
SOIC
10.5 2X
10.1 8.89
NOTE 3
8
9
0.51
16X
0.31
7.6
B 0.25 C A B 2.65 MAX
7.4
NOTE 4
0.33
TYP
0.10
SEE DETAIL A
0.25
GAGE PLANE
0.3
0 -8 0.1
1.27
0.40 DETAIL A
(1.4) TYPICAL
4221009/B 07/2016
NOTES:
1. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. Dimensions in parenthesis are for reference only. Dimensioning and tolerancing
per ASME Y14.5M.
2. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
3. This dimension does not include mold flash, protrusions, or gate burrs. Mold flash, protrusions, or gate burrs shall not
exceed 0.15 mm, per side.
4. This dimension does not include interlead flash. Interlead flash shall not exceed 0.25 mm, per side.
5. Reference JEDEC registration MS-013.
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EXAMPLE BOARD LAYOUT
DW0016B SOIC - 2.65 mm max height
SOIC
SYMM SYMM
16X (2) 16X (1.65) SEE
SEE DETAILS
DETAILS
1 1
16 16
SYMM SYMM
4221009/B 07/2016
NOTES: (continued)
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EXAMPLE STENCIL DESIGN
DW0016B SOIC - 2.65 mm max height
SOIC
SYMM SYMM
16X (2) 16X (1.65)
1 1
16 16
SYMM SYMM
4221009/B 07/2016
NOTES: (continued)
8. Laser cutting apertures with trapezoidal walls and rounded corners may offer better paste release. IPC-7525 may have alternate
design recommendations.
9. Board assembly site may have different recommendations for stencil design.
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