Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

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ENT

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

PNS X-RAYS

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

SINUSITIS Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

IOC- Gold standard-

Drainage:
Inf meatus:
Middle meatus:
Superior meatus:
SE recess:
Ethmoidal air cells:
Anterior most-
Largest-
Infarorbital-
Optic nerve compression-
Anterior cells that extend into frontal sinus-

Sinusitis:
MC site child- adult-
MC mucocele, osteomyelitis-
MC orbital complication-
1st sinus to be seen radiologically:
Not present at birth:
Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)
PNS PATHOLOGIES Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Moure Weber-Ferguson Gluck-Sorensen incision

Wood-
Nickel-

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Adolescent male with epistaxis
IOC:
SIGN:
Sampter’s triad:
Trotter’s triad:

Gradenigo syndrome:

Grisel syndrome:

IIIA
IIIB Griesinger syndrome:
TRAUMA Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

TEMPORAL BONE #
Longitudinal Transverse

Parallel to long axis of Perpendicular to long

petrous axis of petrous

Conductive hearing Sensorineural hearing

loss loss

Ossicular injury, TM Facial Nerve paralysis

rupture
Otic capsule Otic capsule more
involvement rare common
 MCC:
Sluder’s neuralgia:
Management:
MC SITE:
SMR vs Septoplasty
IOC to confirm CSF:

IOC to confirm site:

NOSE PATHOLOGIES Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

TB
Sarcoidosis
SLE
Tapir/ Hebra nose Swimmer Diagnosis- Leprosy
Diagnosis- Diagnosis- Syphilis
Frisch bacteria H/P- Wegeners
Russel Body / Mikulicz Cells TOC: Excision + Dapsone Cocaine
DOC: Streptomycin+tetracycline

Roomy Nasal Cavity + Merciful Anosmia:

Diagnosis-
Cause- Perez bacillus
Mx- Mulberry turbinate:
Lautenslager’s procedure: Mx:
EPISTAXIS Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Little’s area
Kiesselbach plexus
EXTERNAL EAR Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)
Referred Otalgia:
-Tonsillitis:
-Larynx/ Pharynx:
-Face:
EAC
Outer 1/3: Cartilaginous-SANTORINI-
Inner 2/3: Bony-HUSHKE-
Syringing direction-
Syncope on syringing:
Hitzelberger sign:

Incisura terminalis-Lempert endaural incision

Not great occipital nerve
SURFER:

SWIMMER:
MIDDLE EAR ANATOMYCerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)
INNER EAR Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)
Scala media:
Round window:
Organ of corti:
Low frequency:
High frequency:
Promontory:
Cristae in SCC:
Maculae in utricle/saccule:
Endolymph:
Production-
Absorption-
Perilymph:
Cochlear aqueduct: CSF

OHC: 3 rows, Modulate cochlear input

IHC: Single row
Transduce mechanical -> electrical signal
Afferent of spiral ganglion
TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
HEARING LOSS EVALUATION
Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Rinne’s Test: Tuning Fork: 256 512 1024 Hz

Positive
AC ˃BC Air-bone gap: 20-30, 30-45, 45-60 dB

Negative
BC ˃ AC

False Negative

Weber
Lateralized
Same-
C/L-

ABC reduced
Schwabach reduced

STAPEDIAL REFLEX:
Afferent:
Efferent:
SUPERIOR CANAL DEHISCENCE: CHL
APPROACH TO PTA Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

U/L episodic TVS

Diplacusis
Tulio
Tumarkin
IOC:
Meniett device
Donaldson line: ELS decompression
Silverstein microwick

Outer hair cell

Paracusis
Pregnancy
B/L gradual CHL
Gelle’s test
Fissula ante fenestrum
Von der Hoeve:
Schwartz sign
Rx:
 Facial nerve
Meatal: Labyrinthine GG: Tympanic/Horizontal Mastoid/Vertical Stylomastoid
Fallopian canal Narrowest 1st MC site for MC site for injury foramen
Shortest Genu dehiscence in mastoid
MC in viral surgery
infections

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Crocodile tears:
Gustatory lacrimation
Ramsay Hunt syndrome

Melkersson Rosenthal syndrome

ENT INFECTIONS Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)
 Prevertebral fascia

Alar fascia

Buccopharyngeal fascia

Cerebellum Discount
Cerebellum code:-ECG1(10%)
Discount code:-ECG1(10%)
MISCELLANEOUS
LARYNX SPOTTERS Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Structures not visible on indirect

laryngoscopy
• Laryngeal part of epiglottis
• Vestibule
• Epiglottis (laryngeal)
• Subglottic area
• Posterior cricoid area
• Apex of piriform fossa
Vocal cord palsy Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)
All muscles supplied by RLN except cricothyroid
SLN :External
Internal
Cough reflex impaired
Posterior cricoarytenoid:

ILN ELN SLN RLN COMPLETE

Thyroplasty
1-
2-
3- Shortening/ relaxation
4- Lengthening/ tightening
CA LARYNX Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

T1 T2 T3 T4

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

T1 glottic: Co2 laser

MC: T1/ T2: RT > PL
Best prognosis: T3/T4: TL > CT-RT
IOC FOR STAGING CA LARYNX-
IOC FOR CARTILAGE INVASION- Polite yawning
STAIN- Super-supraglottic swallow
ORAL CAVITY AND SALIVARY GLAND TUMORS
TX Primary tumor cannot be assessed

Tis Carcinoma in situ

T1 Tumor ≤2 cm, ≤5 mm depth of invasion (DOI) (not tumor thickness) IOC FOR CA ORAL CAVITY :
IOC FOR CA TONGUE:
T2 Tumor ≤2 cm, DOI >5 mm and ≤10 mm or tumor >2 cm but ≤4 cm, and ≤10 mm DOI

T3 Tumor >4 cm or any tumor >10 mm DOI COMMANDO Procedure

(COMbined MAndibulectomy and Neck
T4 Moderately advanced or very advanced local disease Dissection Operation)
T4a Moderately advanced local disease: (lip) tumor invades through cortical bone or involves the
inferior alveolar nerve, floor of mouth, or skin of face or maxillary sinus. Note that superficial
Surgical landmarks of facial nerve in
erosion of bone/tooth socket (alone) by a gingival primary is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4 parotid surgery
1.Cartilaginous pointer –Tragus
2.Tympanomastoid suture
T4b Very advanced local disease; tumor invades masticator space, pterygoid plates, or skull base 3.Styloid process
and/or encases the internal carotid artery
4.Posterior belly of digastric

Sialolithiasis MC site:
Salivary gland tumor Grading system:
MC benign / overall-
MC malignant-
Perineural invasion –
Elderly, smoker, Hot spot-
MRND Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Crile / Radical neck dissection

Central =Delphian LN

*Sublingual gland retained

HEAD AND NECK MASSES

D/D:
Meningocele Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)
Glioma
HIGH-YIELD Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)
Tonsillectomy: Position (MC): 2-3rd ring
Primary- High:
Secondary- Low:
Reactionary- Block: Partial -
Complete-
Ciliocytophoria:
Subglottic stenosis
Staging:
Treatment:

FISTULA TEST
Erosion of horizontal SCC
Fenestration surgery
Post-stapedectomy fistula
A false negative fistula :

A false positive fistula :

Serous labyrinthitis (Hyperactive):

Purulent labyrinthitis/Trauma (Hypoactive)
Indications of Simple Cortical Mastoidectomy (Schwartz Operation)
Acute coalescent or masked mastoiditis
Acute otitis media with reservoir sign
As initial step to perform: Endolymphatic sac surgery, Decompression
of facial nerve

Indications of Radical Mastoidectomy

Residual cholesteatoma
Glomus tumour
Carcinoma middle ear

Tolerable sound level:

TM rupture:

Rhinolalia clausa:
Rhinolalia aperta:

Saccule of inner ear develops from:

 Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

ENT PYQ 2.0

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)
Joined telegram group for pdf @CEREBELLUMBTR2pdfs
1. Identify the structure marked in the image?

A. Fossa of Rosenmuller
B. Tubal tonsil
C. Opening of eustachian tube
D. Adenoid

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

2. A 10-year-old child presents with throat pain, fever, and
ear pain. He is diagnosed with recurrent tonsillitis. Which
nerve is responsible for the ear pain in this patient? (NEET
PG 2023)

A. Glossopharyngeal nerve
B. Greater auricular nerve
C. Auriculotemporal nerve
D. Auricular branch of vagus nerve

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

3. A 55-year-old patient comes with hoarseness of voice
and difficulty swallowing. The patient was diagnosed with
laryngeal carcinoma and surgical management was done.
The post-operative image of the patient is given below.
Which of the following surgery was done on this patient?
(NEET PG 2023)
A. Partial laryngectomy
B. Percutaneous tracheostomy
C. Standard tracheostomy
D. Total laryngectomy

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

4. A female patient with hearing loss is examined and is
found to be Rinne’s negative at 256 Hz and 512 Hz, while
Rinne positive at 1024 Hz. What is the expected air
conduction and bone conduction gap? (NEET PG 2023)

A. 30-45 dB
B. 15-30 dB
C. 45-60 dB
D. >60 dB

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

5. For newborn hearing screening purpose, which test is
most commonly used? (FMGE JULY 2024)

A. OAE
B. BERA
C. PTA
D. Impedance audiometry

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

6. A child was brought to ENT OPD with complaints of mouth
breathing and snoring from a long duration. He also asks to
increase the volume of TV while watching. What is the best
treatment for this child’s condition? (FMGE JULY 2024)
A. Adenoidectomy
B. Antibiotics
C. Wait and watch
D. Adenoidectomy and grommet

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

7. Laryngismus stridulus is due to deficiency of: (FMGE
JULY 2024)

A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin E
D. Vitamin K

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

8. Sludder’s neuralgia is due to compression of anterior
ethmoidal nerve by septal spur in the region of: (FMGE
JULY 2024)
A. Superior turbinate
B. Inferior turbinate
C. Middle turbinate
D. Supreme turbinate

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

9. Anterior ethmoidal sinus drains into: (FMGE JULY 2024)

A. Inferior meatus
B. Middle meatus
C. Superior meatus
D. Nasal cavity

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

10. A 50-year-old male presented with vertigo, tinnitus and
fluctuating hearing loss. The audiogram is given below. What
is the most likely diagnosis based on the given image?
A. BPPV
B. Meniere’s disease
C. Vestibular neuronitis
D. Otosclerosis
 11. A diabetic patient comes with excruciating ear pain,
bloody discharge from the ear and HbA1c of 10. What is
the diagnosis?
A. Otitis externa
B. Necrotizing otitis externa
C. Serous otitis media
D. Acute otitis media

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

12. What type of stridor occur in croup?

A. Inspiratory stridor
B. Biphasic stridor
C. Expiratory stridor
D. No stridor

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

13. Identify the given instrument:

A. Montgomery T tube
B. Tracheoesophageal prosthesis
C. Blom singer prosthesis
D. Grommet

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

14. Which of the following middle ear structure is a
derivative of neural crest cells?

A. Malleus
B. Stapes
C. Foot plate of stapes
D. Incus

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

15. The following image shows which X-ray view?

A. Water’s view
B. Caldwell view
C. Towne’s view
D. Schuller’s view

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

16. A 10 year old girl post tonsillectomy ate a packet of
chips 2-3 days after the surgery and now came to the
hospital with oral bleed. What shall be the management?

A. Antibiotics with semisolid food

B. Surgical exploration
C. Conservative management with observation and ice chips.
D. Immediate cauterization of the bleeding site

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

17. A 35-year-old female patient presents in the ENT OPD
with complaints of pain and discharge from the ear.
Examination reveals the following findings. What is the
best line of treatment?
A. Clotrimoxazole ear drops
B. Ciprofloxacin ear drops
C. Clotrimazole ear drops
D. Wax softening ear drops

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

18. A 7-year-old male presents to the ER with a two-day
history of worsening ear pain and drainage. He was evaluated
in the clinic 5 days ago and diagnosed with acute right otitis
media. He was placed on amoxicillin and he initially appeared
to improve until two days ago when his ear pain recurred and
this is now accompanied by ear drainage, redness behind his
right ear, and a prominent right pinna which is pointing down
and out as shown below. The most likely diagnosis?
A. Otitis externa
B. Otitis media with effusion
C. Acute Mastoiditis
D. Coalescent Mastoiditis

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

19. A 5-year-old child presented with hearing loss. On
examination, a white pearly mass is seen behind an intact
TM as shown below. There is no history of TM perforation
or surgery. What will be the most probable diagnosis?
A. Congenital cholesteatoma
B. Primary cholesteatoma
C. Secondary cholesteatoma
D. Tubotympanic CSOM

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

20. A 36-year-old male patient presents in ENT OPD with
complaints of hearing trouble from the left side of the ear
for the last 2 months. The doctor performs pure tone
audiometry shown below. Interpret the audiogram?
A. Left sided conductive deafness
B. Left side sensorineural deafness
C. Right sided conductive deafness
D. Right sided sensorineural deafness

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

21. A patient presents with nasal obstruction after being
hit on the face from the front. On examination, a boggy
swelling of the septum is seen on both sides (see picture
below), which is fluctuant on palpation with a swab or
blunt probe. He should be managed by?

A. Incision & Drainage

B. Nasal packing
C. Antibiotics
D. Nasal decongestants

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

 22. Identify the instrument shown in the photograph:

A. Frazier's straight suction tube

B. Nasal Hopkin's endoscope
C. Atomizer
D. Tilley antral trochar and canula

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

23. A 5-month-old baby was brought to the ENT OPD with
complaints of abnormal noise during breathing, the severity
of which increases during crying. On examination,
inspiratory stridor is heard and on laryngoscopy, the
following finding is seen. The diagnosis would be?

A. Laryngomalacia
B. Congenital laryngeal web
C. Congenital subglottic stenosis
D. Congenital bilateral choanal atresia
Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)
24. A 42-year-old patient presented in ENT OPD with
hoarseness of voice following a quarrel in public. On
laryngoscopy, the following picture is seen. Management
of this patient is?
A. MLS removal
B. Radiotherapy
C. Cryotherapy
D. Voice rest & Speech therapy

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

25. A 7-year-old girl lately having poor scholastic
performance. She complains of hearing loss for which she
was brought to the clinic by her parents. She breathes with
her mouth and has rhinolalia clausa. The X-ray has been
performed. On audiometry, 30dB of bilateral CHL is
diagnosed. What could be the best treatment for her?

A. Adenoidectomy with Myringotomy

B. Bone anchored hearing aid
C. Myringotomy with grommet insertion
D. Adenoidectomy with grommet insertion

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

26. A 16-year-old girl presented with a history of nasal
obstruction for the last 2 months. A CT scan was done, and
the following findings are seen. What is the most likely
diagnosis?
A. Adenoid hypertrophy
B. Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma
C. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
D. Antrochoanal polyp

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

27. A person presents in ENT OPD having nasal blockage
with crusts, foul-smelling discharge, and hyposmia. On
examination, nose is hard, and biopsy reveals following
histopathological findings. What is the likely cause of his
condition?
A. Rhinosporidium seeberi
B. Klebsiella ozaenae
C. Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis
D. Autoimmunity
28. A patient presents to the OPD with complaints of hearing
loss and can understand only shouted or amplified speech.
What would be the degree of impairment according to the
WHO classification of ability to understand speech ?
A. Mild hearing loss
B. Moderate hearing loss
C. Severe hearing loss
D. Profound hearing loss

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)
29. A patient presents to the OPD with complaints of
bleeding from the nose, nasal obstruction and difficulty in
breathing. He gave the history of bathing in the local pool
near his house. On examination, red polypoidal mass with
whitish dots on the surface is observed. Based on the
history, examination and given histopathological image
what would be the diagnosis of this patient ?
A. Rhinosporidiosis
B. Basal cell carcinoma
C. Rhinoscleroma
D. Lupus vulgaris

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

30. Mark the correct statement/s about Inner and Outer
hair cells:
1. Inner hair cells are in a single row and transmit auditory impulses
2. Outer hair cells are in 3-4 rows and modulate function of inner
hair cells
3. Outer hair cells are more responsible for movement of tectorial
membrane
4. Inner hair cells are in single row and modulate function of outer
hair cells
5. Outer and inner hair cells are present in the ratio 3:1
A. 1, 2 and 5 are correct
B. 1, 2 and 3 are correct
C. All are correct
D. 2, 4 and 5 are correct
Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)
31. Which of the following tests can be used if otoacoustic
emissions is absent for screening?

1. Pure tone audiometry

2. Tympanometry
3. Free field audiometry
4. Speech audiometry

A. 2 and 4
B. 1, 3, 4
C. 2, 3, 4 Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)
D. 2 and 3
32. A woman presents with impaired hearing. Her
audiometry findings are given below.

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Pick the right combination of tuning fork test results that would be seen in
this patient:
A. Left Rinne's test negative, Weber's test lateralized to right ear
B. Left Rinne's test negative, Weber's test lateralized to left ear
C. Left Rinne's test positive, Weber's test lateralized to right ear
D. Left Rinne's test positive, Weber's test lateralized to left ear
33. Which structures pass between superior and middle
constrictor?

A. Eustachian tube
B. IX nerve (Glossopharyngeal Nerve)
C. Superior laryngeal nerve
D. Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)
34. Which of the following signs is not typically seen in
allergic rhinitis?

A. Allergic shiners
B. Allergic salute
C. Otto veraguth folds
D. Dennis Morgan lines
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Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Thank You

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Cerebellum Discount code:-ECG1(10%)

Joined telegram group for pdf

@CEREBELLUMBTR2pdfs