Profile

Name: Cpl Orlando M Villaneza Jr 872342 (SC) PA

Age: 36 Years Old
Address: Catalunan Grande, Davao City
Military Schooling/Training
 Tactical Interrogation Enhancement Training
 Army Combat Skills Enhancement Training
 Warfighting Competency Training
 Army Combat Skills Enhancement Training
 Law Enforcement Training (1DTS, 1ID, PA)
 Instructor Development Training
 Harris Radio Operation and Maintenance Training
 Night Fighting System Opns & Maintenance Trng
 Military Correspondence Training
 Cyber Security Training
 Signal NCO Basic Course
 Cyber Security Course\
 Information System Course
 IDT Course
Unit Assignment
 Auto Rifleman (Charlie Coy, 25IB, 10ID PA)
 Asst- Clerk ODSM (H10ID, PA)
 Rifleman (103DRC, 10ID, PA)
 DS PDS Encoder (OG1,10ID)
 Assigned 1ID, PA
 Guide (14DRC, 1ID, PA)
 Signal NCO, 11RCDG
CLASSROOM INSTRUCTION
BASIC SIGNAL COMMUNICATION
SCOPE OF PRESENTATION
 HISTORY
 DEFINITION OF TERMS
 MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
 SOUND COMMUNICATION
 USE OF SOUND SIGNAL
 INTERNATIONAL MORSE CODE
 AGENCY OF COMMUNICATION
 GUIDELINES OF RADIO TRANSMISSION
 FUNDAMENTALS OF TACTICAL RADIO COMMUNICATION
 PROWORDS
 MESSAGE PRECEDENCE
 MESSAGE WRITING
 PHONETIC ALPHABET
 NUMERICAL PRONUNCIATION
 TEN CODE SIGNAL
 TACTICAL RADIO SETS
 TYPES OF TACTICAL RADIO SETS AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS
HISTORY
HISTORY

• THE SIGNAL CORPS WAS CREATED IN 1936,

SHORTLY AFTER THE PASSAGE OF THE
NATIONAL DEFENSE ACT, AS ONE OF THE
TECHNICAL SERVICES OF THE PHILIPPINE
ARMY. IT WAS GIVEN THE MISSION OF
ESTABLISHING COMMUNICATIONS IN THE TEN
(10) MILITARY DISTRICTS OF THE COUNTRY.

• ALTHOUGH ILL EQUIPPED, THE SIGNAL CORPS

RENDERED COMMENDABLE SERVICES DURING
THE OUTBREAK OF WORLD WAR II.
HISTORY

• AFTER THE WAR, SEVERAL SIGNAL UNITS WERE

ACTIVATED.
• CONSEQUENTLY, AN EXTENSIVE
COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK LINKING GHQ
WITH SUBORDINATE UNITS WAS ESTABLISHED
MANNED BY THE SIGNAL SERVICE GROUP
(COMP), MILITARY POLICE COMMAND, PA.
• THE NETWORK PLAYED A SIGNIFICANT ROLE OF
TRANSMITTING ELECTION RETURNS DURING
THE FIRST POST-WAR ELECTION IN NOVEMBER
1946.
HISTORY

• THE SIGNAL CORPS UNDERWENT A CHANGE TO

CONFORM TO THE REORGANIZATION OF THE
AFP IN APRIL 1950.
• THE OFFICE OF THE CHIEF SIGNAL OFFICER
AND SEVERAL UNITS WERE TRANSFERRED TO
THE PHILIPPINE ARMY.
• THE SIGNAL SERVICE GROUP WAS OFFICIALLY
ACTIVATED ON 27 SEPT 1954 BY VIRTUE OF
GHQ, AFP GO NO. 455
HISTORY
 THE AFP’S INTEGRATION ON COMMUNICATIONS, ELECTRONICS
AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS (CEIS) FUNCTIONS CAME ABOUT
WHEN THE OFFICE OF THE FORMER CHIEF, COMMUNICATIONS –
ELECTRONICS, AFP WAS RECLASSIFIED INTO A JOINT STAFF AND
DESIGNATED AS THE OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY CHIEF OF STAFF
FOR COMMUNICATIONS, ELECTRONICS AND INFORMATION
SYSTEMS, THEN J11 , AFP EFFECTIVE 21 NOVEMBER 1995.
 ON 06 MAY 1996, THE ARMY CHIEF COMMEL OFFICE WAS
ELEVATED TO A GENERAL STAFF AND WAS RENAMED THE ASST
CHIEF OF STAFF FOR COMMUNICATIONS, ELECTRONICS AND
INFORMATION SYSTEMS, G11, PA
 TO CONFORM WITH ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES IN THE AFP AND
PA, OJ11 AND G11 WERE RENAMED OJ6 AND OG6 RESPECTIVELY.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
SIGNAL COMMUNICATION

• IS A METHOD OR MEANS OR A
COMBINATION THEREOF, OF CONVEYING
INFORMATION OF ANY KIND OF ONE
PERSON OR PLACE TO ANOTHER EXCEPT
DIRECT COMMUNICATION.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
SIGNALS
• USED FOR TRANSMITTING ESSENTIAL COMMANDS
AND WARNINGS UNDER CONDITIONS RENDERING
VERBAL COMMANDS OR WARNINGS INADEQUATE.

• MUST BE MEMORIZED AND PRACTICED UNTIL THEIR

USE BECOMES SECOND NATURE.

• MAY PRODUCE DISASTER IF NOT GIVEN

CORRECTLY AND DISTINCTLY OR IF IMPROPERLY
INTERPRETED.
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

 RADIO
 WIRES AND CABLES
 AUTOMATION
 VISUAL AND SOUND
 MANUAL (PHYSICAL MEANS)
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

- IS THE PRINCIPAL MEANS OF

COMMUNICATIONS OF TACTICAL UNITS.
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

URC 187 (HF type)

RF 2301 (HF type) HARRIS
AN/PRC 77 (VHF type)
PRC 126 (VHF type)
PRM 4720 (VHF type)
PRC 1077 (VHF type)
HARRIS 5800 MP/RE (HF)/HARRIS
5800V H/H
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
1. TYPES OF SET: PORTABLE, TRANSPORTABLE,
VEHICULAR AND GENERAL
2. TYPES OF AM (SKY WAVE PROPAGATION)
MODULATION: FM (LINE-OF-SIGHT)

3. FREQUENCY HF - (3-30MHZ),
COVERAGE: VHF - (30-300MHZ)
UHF - (300MHZ-3000MHZ)
4. OPERATING HF - (40 KMS PLANNING RANGE)
RANGE: VHF/UHF (8 KMS PLANNING RANGE)
DRY CELL BATTERY (BA-30),
5. POWER SOURCE:
VEHICULAR BATTERY &
GENERATOR)
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

Speed of installation
Flexible means of communications
Can span great distances
Provides communications across
impassable terrains
Requires minimum manpower and
space for equipment.
Integrates with wire system.
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
SKYWAVE PROPAGATION
(AMPLITUDE MODULATION)

RX
TX
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

RETRANSMISSION(VHF)

PRC-77 RETRANS PRC-77

CIRCUIT

PRC-77
BEYOND LINE OF SIGHT RANGE PRC-77
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
UHF REPEATER

CAVALRY
INFANTRY
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
RADIO: WEAK POINTS
Least secured means of
communications
Subject to noise and
interference
Radio operations requires
common freq, compatible
equipment and common range
 FREE-SPACE
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

IONOSPHERE

Sunspot activity
INTERFERENCE
-sky noise

INTERFERENCE
-rains/lightning/thunderstom

NOISE
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

WIRES AND CABLES

- is
the use of field wires,
combat wires, drop wires
and telephone cables.
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

WIRES AND CABLES

Wire Comm – is one of the most dependable

communication means.

CABLE - a group of metallic conductors, insulated

from each other and made up by pairs into one unit
with a suitable continuous covering of sheath.
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

WIRES & CABLES: Advantages

Uses field wires and cables,
telephones and switchboards to
provide person-to-person
conversations,

Integrates with radio systems.

 WIRES & CABLES: Advantages
More secure than radio.

Reduces probability of interception.

Desirable in defensive operations.

 WIRES & CABLES: WEAK POINTS

Requires more time, personnel,

and equipment to maintain.
Loss of signal over long distances
without repeaters.
Subject to wiretap.
 OPERATE AND MAINTAIN THE TELEPHONE SYSTEM

2ID 1ID 777 774

3ID
4ID 765

5ID 762

6ID 799

8ID
9ID 605
10ID 798
SATTELITE SYS
1 ID

2 ID

3 ID
PA
COMCENTER

SATTELITE
4 ID
HUB

5 ID
 PLDT
COY

9 INF DIV
COT
SATT
E C
Q HUB
A
P B
PCX
4400 S S
I I ANT TGY
D D
E MICROWAVE VAB
E
RDO

Local tel line

MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

AUTOMATION

- a method of sending,
receiving, processing, or
storing of information by
automated capability.
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

AUTOMATION: STRONG POINTS

Speed
Accuracy
Improved text and video display
Store large amount of data
Secured
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
AUTOMATION: WEAK POINTS
Requires quality
telecommunications path for
quality resolution
Needs controlled environment.
Susceptible to electromagnetic
pulse (EMP), power
fluctuations, induced virus
and magnetic disturbances.
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

VISUALS AND SOUNDS

- Concerned with communications
of information using still
photographs, graphic illustrations,
sounds and signaling.
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

VISUAL & SOUNDS: MAIN FEATURES

Numerous means (flags, lights,
panels, arm and hand signals,
pyrotechnics, armbands, horns
bells, whistles, weapon fires
and sirens).
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

VISUAL & SOUNDS: STRONG POINTS

Use to mark locations.

Good for passing information
to large numbers and to
isolated units, passage of
lines and link- up operations.
 VISUAL & SOUNDS: WEAK POINTS
Easily misunderstood.
Vulnerable to interception.
Restricted use during poor
visibility.
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

MANUAL
- methods of sending,
receiving, or storing of
documents by physical
capabilities.
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

MANUAL: MAIN FEATURES

Reliable
Flexible
Most secure means available
to all units
TYPES: MESSENGERS, TRAINED ANIMALS
MODES: MOTOR, AIR AND FOOT
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

MANUAL: STRONG POINTS

Handles long messages
Handles high volume routine
messages/information
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

MANUAL: WEAK POINTS

Subject to enemy action.
Constrained by weather, terrain
and time.
SOUND COMMUNICATION

•Whistle
•Serene
•Bells
•Voice
•Amplifier
•Bugle
•Warning shots
USE OF SOUND SIGNALS

•TO SPREAD ALARMS

•TO ATTRACT ATTENTION
•TO TRANSMIT SHORT PREARRANGED
MESSAGES OVER SHORT DISTANCES

* SOUND SIGNALS ARE NOT

SECRET & THEIR USE MAY BE
PROHIBITED FOR SECURITY
REASONS
PHYSICAL COMMUNICATION

•Messenger
• the oldest and the most
secured means of transmitting
lengthy messages and bulky
items
•Trained Animals
•Mail
VISUAL COMMUNICATION

•Light
•Panels
•Hand to hand signal
•Pyrotechnic
INTERNATIONAL MORSE CODE
INTERNATIONAL MORSE CODE
• A .- • N -.
• B -… • O ---
• C -.-.
• P .--.
• D -..
• Q --.-
• E.
• F ..-. • R .-.
• G --. •S…
• H …. •T–
• I .. • U ..-
• J .--- • V …-
• K -.-
• W .—
• L .-..
• X -..-
• M --
• Y -.—
• Z --..
INTERNATIONAL MORSE CODE

•1 .---- •6 -….
•2 ..--- •7 --…
•3 …-- •8 ---..
•4 ….- •9 ----.
•5 ….. •0 -----
Agency of Communication
AGENCY OF COMMUNICATION
AGENCY OF COMMUNICATION
AGENCY OF COMMUNICATION
21 Nov 1995 – Reclassification /Designation to the Office of DCS for CEIS,
J11 (Now J6)

Major Services also created the

following Offices:
AC of S for CEIS,G6, PA
AC of NS for CEIS, N6, PN
AC of AS for CIS, A6, PAF
AGENCY OF COMMUNICATION

18 Dec 1996 – Activation of NCEISC

(Merging of PNCC and NAVCOMFAC)
AGENCY OF COMMUNICATION

21 Nov 1998 - Creation of AFPCEISS (Merging of CESAFP and AFPCSC)

- Compliance to RA 7898 (AFP Modernization Program)

GHQ Letter Directive dtd 29 Sep 1998

Para 3.c. “Major Services and
AFPWSSUs will likewise undertake the
reorganization process and duplicate
the organizational structure when
applicable.”
AGENCY OF COMMUNICATION

15 Apr 2005 – Creation of 950th CEISG

(Merging of 5221st Commo Squadron, 520ABW and AFMIC)
GUIDELINES FOR RADIO TRANSMISSION

• Always write your message before transmitting

• Always listen before starting to talk.

• When about to talk press down the button of the side

of the handset and do not talk until the hissing sound
ceases.

• Talk directly into the microphone

GUIDELINES FOR RADIO TRANSMISSION

• Speak distinctly and enunciate each word in normal tone

to allow the receiving operator time for copying.

• Release the push-to-talk button immediately after the

completion of your transmission, otherwise you will not hear
the other station.

• Camouflage your radio set when carrying it with your

back, bend the whip antenna slightly downward into the rear
to make it inconspicuous to the enemy.
FUNDAMENTALS OF TACTICAL RADIO COMMUNICATION

• Radio Net
 Group of several stations working together in the
same frequency.
• Call Sign
 A combination of pronounceable words that
identifies the facility or station
• Individual Call Sign
 Identifies the single call to any station within the net.
• Collective Call Sign
 Identifies two or more stations in a particular radio
net but not all stations in the net.
FUNDAMENTALS OF TACTICAL RADIO COMMUNICATION

• Net Call Sign

 Identifies all radio stations operating in a
particular radio net.
• Call
 A method of establishing communication whereby
the station calling transmits the identity of the
station called as well as his own identity.
PROWORDS
• Over
 My transmission is ended and I expect a
response from you.
• Roger
 I received your last message satisfactorily.
• Out
 My transmission is ended and I expect no
response from you.
• Wilco
 I will comply with your instruction.
• Query
 How do you receive my transmission?
PROWORDS
• Lima Charlie
 I received your message loud and clear
• Say Again
 I did not understand your transmission, request repeat your last
transmission
• Request Net With
 Can I talk with _________ ?
• Wait One
 Request that you wait for a minute, I will call the person you want to
talk to.
PROWORDS

• Read Back
 Read back the message you have copied.
• Radio Silence
 Cease transmission immediately, however, keep on listening on the
same frequency.
• Break-Break
 Stop your conversation and allow me to this net to transmit for an
urgent message.
MESSAGE PRECEDENCE

• Z- Flash
• P- Priority
• R- Routine
• U- Urgent
MESSAGE WRITING

• P- 070800H AUG 22
• FM: CG, ARESCOM
• TO: ALL RCDG Comdrs
• CITE NR RC3-11-08-05 PD YOU ARE HEREBY
DIRECTED TO ATTEND ALFA COORDINATING
CONFERENCE AT HQS ARESCOM ON 200800
SEP 05 PD FOR STRICT COMPLIANCE PD END.
PHONETIC ALPHABET
• A- Alpha • N- November
• B- Bravo • O- Oscar
• C- Charlie • P- Papa
• D- Delta • Q- Quebec
• E- Echo • R- Romeo
• F- Fox- trot • S- Sierra
• G- Golf • T- Tango
• H- Hotel • U- Uniform
• I- India • V- Victor
• J- Juliet • W- Whisky
• K- Kilo • X- X-ray
• L- Lima • Y- Yankee
• M- Mike • Z- Zulu
NUMERICAL PRONUNCIATION

• 1-Wun
• 2-Ta-o
• 3-Thu-ree
• 4-Fower
• 5-Fi-yiv
• 6-Six/Sekis
• 7-Seven
• 8-Ate/EIOT
• 9-Niner
• 0-Zero
TEN CODE SIGNAL
• 10-0 – CAUTION • 10-11 – QUERY, TO INQUIRE
• 10-1 – UNABLE TO • 10-12 – STAND-BY
COPY/CHANGE LOCATION
• 10-13 – WEATHER & ROAD
• 10-2 – SIGNAL’S GOOD CONDITION
• 10-3 – SLOWLY/GO SLOW
• 10-14 – TO PICK UP, TAKE,
• 10-4 – ACKNOWLEGE/ GET
ROGER/POSITIVE
• 10-15 – FEEDBACK, REPLY
• 10-5 – RELAY/NOTIFY/ADVICE
• 10-16 – PROBLEM OR
• 10-6 – BUSY/ STANDBY UNLESS TROUBLE
URGENT
• 10-7 – OUT OF SERVICE, OUT OF • 10-17 – REQUEST
LOCATION & TELEPHONE • 10-18 – RECORD OR LOG
NUMBER
• 10-19 – RETURN TO
• 10-8 – IN SERVICE, MONITORING,
ON GOING • 10-20 – LOCATION, AREA
• 10-9 – REPEAT
• 10-10 – OVER & OUT
TEN CODE SIGNAL
• 10-21 – CALL BY TELEPHONE • 10-31 – APPROVAL RESULT
• 10-22 – DISREGARD, AVOID • 10-32 – MAN WITH GUN
• 10-23 – ARRIVED AT • 10-33 – EMERGENCY, URGENT
SCHEDULE
• 10-34 – RIOT, CRIME IN
• 10-24 – FOLLOW UP, MAKE PROGRESS
REPORT
• 10-35 – CRIME ALERT, RED
• 10-25 – REPORT, MEET IN
PERSON ALERT
• 10-26 – VICTIM OR SUBJECT • 10-36 – CORRECT TIME
• 10-27- DRIVERS’ LICENCE • 10-37 – FOOD, FUEL
• 10-28 – VEHICLES’ PLATE • 10-38 –LOCAL POLICE
NUMBER • 10-39 – URGENT, USE LIGHT
• 10-29 – CHECK, VERIFY, SIREN
OBSERVE
• 10-40 – SILENT TOUR OF DUTY
• 10-30 – WATER SUPPLY
THE TACTICAL RADIO SET

• TYPE
• PORTABLE SETS
• TRANSPORTABLE SETS
• VEHICULAR SETS
TYPES OF TACTICAL RADIO SETS AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS

• URC 773M
• Frequency Modulated
• TRANSMISSION RANGE- 10 km (LOS)
• Whip Antenna
• Man pack
• Press to Talk (Hand Set)
• Power Source- 12 VDC 24 pcs
• BA-30 12 V Wet Cell Battery
TYPES OF TACTICAL RADIO SETS AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS

• PRC 77
• Frequency Modulated
• X- Ray Transmission Range- 8 kms (LOS)
• Man pack
• Whip Antenna
• Press to talk (Hand Set)
• Power Source- 12 VDC, 24 pcs
• BA-30 12V Wet Cell Battery
TYPES OF TACTICAL RADIO SETS AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS

• URC 601
• Frequency Modulated
• PRESS-TO-TALK
• WHIP ANTENNA
• TRANSMISSION RANGE-
3-4KmS (LOS)
• 8 pcs BA-30
TYPES OF TACTICAL RADIO SETS AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS

• URC 187
• Intermediate frequency - 12.7 MHz
• Frequency Range- 2 to 12 MHz
amateur band
• PRESS-TO-TALK
• Power of the transmitter - 20W
• BNC/antenna tuning wire/ Whip Antenna
• TRANSMISSION RANGE- 3-4KmS (LOS)
• Operating power 12V
• Power consumption - 160 mA up to 3A
in transmission
TYPES OF TACTICAL RADIO SETS AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS

• URC
• Amplitude Modulated
• Transmission Range- 4 Kms
(Skywave Propagation)
• Dipole Antenna
• Press to talk (Hand Set)
• Power Source- 36 pcs BA-30, 12-24V Wet Cell Battery
TYPES OF TACTICAL RADIO SETS AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS

• FALCON II 5800V-MP
• Very High Frequency – Frequency Modulated
• Frequency Range- 1.6 to 59.999 MHz
• Internal GPS/External GPS Inputs
• Whip Antenna OE-505 10-foot (3 m)
whip (1.6 to 60 MHz) RF-1936P (AS-2259)
NVIS (3.5 to 10 MHZ) RF-1940-AT001/
RF-1941 dipole
• Press to talk (external handset)
• Power Source- 1, 5, 20 watts PEP/Average -1/+2 dB (1, 5, 10 watts FM)
High-Capacity Li-Ion Rechargeable Battery
• Consumption - 35 watts
• Radio Weight 10 lbs (4.7 kg) without batteries
• Immersion 3 ft. (.9m) of water
• Operating Temperature –40˚C to +70˚C
TYPES OF TACTICAL RADIO SETS AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS

• FALCON II 5800V-HH
• Frequency Modulated
• Frequency Range- 30 -51 2 MH z (continuous)
• Internal GPS
• Whip Antenna/Dipole Antenna
• Press to talk (Hand Set)
• Power Source- 10V to 13V, High-Capacity
Li-Ion Rechargeable Battery
• Consumption - 35 watts
• Operation Temperature - -20 ̊C to 60 ̊C (with battery)
TYPES OF TACTICAL RADIO SETS AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS

• FALCON III 7800V-HH

• Frequency Modulated
• Frequency Range- 30-108 MHz
• Internal GPS/External GPS Inputs
• Whip Antenna
• Press to talk (Hand Set)
• Power Source- 10V to 13V, High-Capacity Li-Ion
Rechargeable Battery
• Consumption - 35 watts
THE TACTICAL RADIO SET

• ADVANTAGES:
• SPEED OF INSTALLATION
• FLEXIBLE
• PROVIDES COMMUNICATION ACROSS
TERRAIN OVER WHICH IT MAY BE
IMPRACTICAL TO INSTALL WIRE
THE TACTICAL RADIO SET

• DISADVANTAGES:
• LACK OF SECURITY
• SUBJECT TO INTERFERENCE
ANY QUESTIONS???
END OF PRESENTATION