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Toxic trolling: On India-Pakistan conflict, troll army

Online threats of violence cannot be allowed in the name of free speech

A full-scale war between India and Pakistan may have been averted, but the troll army has come out
in force to disturb the peace. After India’s Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri announced on May 10 that
an understanding had been reached between the two sides to halt all military actions, his personal
account on X (formerly Twitter), was flooded with abusive comments which did not spare his daughter.
Mr. Misri locked the account, and several diplomats and politicians have condemned the toxic culture
in no uncertain terms, pointing out that several red lines had been crossed. Mr. Misri was only doing
his job and conveying a decision taken by the political leadership. The Foreign Secretary had been
addressing the media since Operation Sindoor began on May 7, in response to the deadly terrorist
attack in Pahalgam on April 22, in which 26 people died. The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
(I&B), which had rightly slammed Pakistan for unleashing “a full-blown disinformation offensive” on
social media about the ground reality regarding Operation Sindoor, remained quiet about the vicious
trolling of Mr. Misri and the doxing of his daughter. Unfortunately, with the phenomenal rise of social
media in India but little Internet literacy, there is a pattern of platforms being regularly used for hate
speech, abusive comments, and deliberate distortion of facts.

The public sphere may have become more participatory, but that does not necessarily ensure civil
behaviour. Surveys have shown that women, minorities and marginalised communities are particularly
targeted by trolls. The extreme reactions often include rape and death threats. With surveillance now
the byword for all tech companies, surely it should not take long to locate and end the online run of
trolls. A stringent anti-troll law must be put in place to stop the acute mental and physical harassment
trolls can cause. The draft Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Rules, 2025, set to be rolled out this
year, prescribe penalties for misuse of personal information. Now, there are only a limited number of
provisions under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and the Information Technology Act to address
cyberbullying. The courts have been more proactive by directing quick removal of offending content
and also mandating the disclosure of basic subscriber information linked to such accounts. In the
Shaviya Sharma case (2024), the Delhi High Court had noted that “there can be no doubt that acts of
doxing if permitted to go on unchecked could result in violation of right to privacy”. In a democracy, all
voices should be heard but disinformation and misinformation must be stopped with the help of
guidelines and the law. [Practice Exercise]

• Red/blue coloring of words in the sentence indicates subject verb relationship; where ‘red’
denotes ‘subject’ and ‘blue’ denotes ‘verb’.

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Vocabulary
1. Full-scale (adjective) – complete, total, all- 12. Cross the red lines (phrase) – violate
out, comprehensive, extensive पूर्ण पैमाने limits, break rules, transgress, go too far,
overstep स़ीमाएं पार करना
का
13. Convey (verb) – communicate, express,
2. Avert (verb) – prevent, avoid, stop,
transmit, deliver, inform बताना / पहुँचाना
forestall, deter टालना
14. Address (verb) – speak to, deal with,
3. In force (phrase) – present, active,
tackle, respond to, handle हल करना
operating, deployed, mobilized बड़ी संख्या
में 15. Slam (verb) – criticize, denounce, attack,
condemn, blast कठोर आलोचना करना
4. Halt (verb) – stop, cease, discontinue,
pause, end रोकना 16. Unleash (verb) – release, launch, trigger,
initiate, set off छोड देना / शरू करना
5. Flood (with) (verb) – overwhelm,
overflow, deluge, inundate, swarm भर दे ना 17. Full-blown (adjective) – complete,
developed, extreme, widespread, total
6. Abusive (adjective) – offensive, insulting,
पूर्ण रूप से विकससत
hurtful, derogatory, foul अपमानजनक
18. Vicious (adjective) – cruel, brutal, savage,
7. Spare (verb) – leave out, exclude, omit,
hostile, fierce क्रूर / हहंसक
bypass, ignore बख्श देना
19. Doxing (noun) – information exposure,
8. Diplomat (noun) – envoy, ambassador, data breach, personal leak, identity reveal,
emissary, representative, consul राजनययक cyber disclosure यनज़ी जानकारी उजािर

9. Condemn (verb) – denounce, criticize, करना

censure, rebuke, decry यनंदा करना
20. Unfortunately (adverb) – regrettably,
10. In no terms (phrase) – strongly, clearly, sadly, unluckily, lamentably, unhappily

explicitly, emphatically, firmly स्पष्ट रूप से दभाणग्यिश

11. Point out (phrasal verb) – indicate, 21. Phenomenal (adjective) – extraordinary,
exceptional, remarkable, incredible,
mention, highlight, note, show इंगित करना
impressive अद्भत

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22. Literacy (noun) – education, knowledge, 32. Acute (adjective) – severe, intense, sharp,
proficiency, competence, understanding grave, critical त़ीव्र
साक्षरता
33. Roll out (phrasal verb) – launch,
23. Deliberate (adjective) – intentional, introduce, release, initiate, implement शरू
planned, calculated, conscious, willfull
करना / पेश करना
जानबझ
ू कर
34. Cyberbullying (noun) – online
24. Distortion (noun) – misrepresentation,
harassment, internet abuse, digital
twisting, falsification, alteration,
bullying, trolling, electronic abuse साइबर
manipulation विकृयत / तोड-मरोड
उत्प़ीडन
25. Sphere (noun) – domain, field, area,
35. Proactive (adjective) – anticipatory,
realm, sector क्षेत्र
preemptive, energetic, enterprising,
26. Marginalised (adjective) – excluded, responsive सक्रक्रय
neglected, oppressed, sidelined,
36. Mandate (verb) – order, require, direct,
disadvantaged हासशये पर रखा िया
authorize, command आदे श दे ना
27. Often (adverb) – frequently, regularly,
37. Unchecked (adjective) – uncontrolled,
repeatedly, commonly, usually अक्सर
unrestrained, rampant, unregulated,
28. Surveillance (noun) – monitoring, unbridled बबना रोक-टोक
observation, scrutiny, watch, inspection
38. Result in (phrasal verb) – lead to, cause,
यनिराऩी
bring about, produce, provoke का पररर्ाम
29. Byword (noun) – symbol, representation, होना
hallmark, synonym, embodiment पयाणय /
39. Disinformation (noun) – false information,
प्रत़ीक
propaganda, deceit, misinformation, lies
30. Stringent (adjective) – strict, harsh, tough, भ्रामक सच
ू ना
severe, rigorous कडा
40. Misinformation (noun) – incorrect info,
31. Put in place (phrase) – implement, wrong data, falsehood, untruth,

establish, initiate, enforce, install –लािू inaccuracy िलत जानकारी

करना

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Video solution of Practice Exercise from this Editorial is exclusively

available on App.

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Summary of the Editorial

1. A potential full-scale war between India and Pakistan was averted after an understanding
was reached to halt military actions on May 10.
2. Following this, India’s Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri faced intense trolling and abusive
comments online, including attacks targeting his daughter.
3. Mr. Misri had simply conveyed the government’s official stance regarding Operation
Sindoor, which was launched after a deadly terrorist attack in Pahalgam on April 22.
4. Despite vocally criticizing Pakistan’s disinformation campaign, India’s Ministry of
Information and Broadcasting stayed silent on the personal trolling and doxing of Mr.
Misri.
5. This reflects a broader problem: social media in India has become a platform for hate
speech, abuse, and misinformation due to low internet literacy.
6. The growth of a participatory digital space has not ensured civil discourse, and in fact, has
emboldened toxic behaviour online.
7. Women, minorities, and marginalized groups are often the prime targets of online trolls.
8. Threats of rape and death are common tools used by troll armies to intimidate and harass
individuals.
9. Despite the surveillance capabilities of tech companies, tracking and penalizing trolls
remains insufficient.
10. There is a pressing need for a strong anti-trolling law to combat the psychological and
physical harassment caused by trolls.
11. The upcoming Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Rules, 2025, propose penalties for
misuse of personal information online.
12. Current laws like the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and IT Act offer limited provisions to address
cyberbullying and trolling effectively.
13. Courts have shown more proactive measures by ordering removal of harmful content and
requiring disclosure of the identities behind offending accounts.
14. In the 2024 Shaviya Sharma case, the Delhi High Court acknowledged that unchecked
doxing violates the right to privacy.
15. The editorial emphasizes that while free speech is essential in a democracy, it must not be
used to justify disinformation, abuse, or online threats—rules and legal safeguards are
necessary.

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Practice Exercise: SSC Pattern Based

1. Why did Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri lock his personal X (formerly Twitter) account?
A. It was taken over by Pakistan-based hackers.
B. It was swamped with abusive comments aimed at him and his daughter.
C. The Ministry of I&B ordered him to stay silent during negotiations.
D. He feared accidental disclosure of classified military information.
2. What specific legal step does the writer advocate to curb the online abuse described?
A. Expanding the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita to classify trolling as treason
B. Enacting a stringent anti-troll law to prevent harassment
C. Shutting down all social-media platforms during national crises
D. Creating nationwide censorship boards to pre-screen every post
3. Fill in the blank with the option that best fits the passage’s meaning:
The passage suggests that while social media has made the public sphere more participatory,
it has _____ civil behaviour online.
A. guaranteed
B. automatically ensured
C. eliminated the need for
D. undermined
4. What is the tone of the passage?
A. Celebratory
B. Critical and Cautionary
C. Humorous
D. Apathetic
5. What is the main theme of the passage?
A. The dangers of toxic trolling and the need for stricter laws
B. The success of Operation Sindoor in countering terrorism
C. The role of social media in promoting democracy
D. The diplomatic relations between India and Pakistan
6. Select the appropriate option that can substitute the underlined word in the following
sentence to make it grammatically correct.
Only the beautiful painting is to be displayed in the exhibition
A. the most beautiful
B. beautiful
C. the much beautiful
D. more beautiful
7. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blanks.
His dog did not _________ when thieves were slashing the _________ of his precious tree.
A. stem
B. shout

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C. bark
D. claw
8. The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains
a grammatical error.
We / enjoyed lunch / he gave / us.
A. enjoyed lunch
B. We
C. he gave
D. us
9. Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.
The meteorological department predicted heavy rain over the coming days
A. Light
B. Plentiful
C. Drizzly
D. Rare
10. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
He couldn't attend the meeting _________ he was sick
A. so
B. because
C. although
D. but
11. Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.
Exactly the same words as were used originally
A. Verbatim
B. Precise
C. Factual
D. Ornate
12. Select the sentence that has a grammatical error.
A. I have a lot of work to complete.
B. A young boy offered her his seat.
C. I wish I had eraser to erase all the mistakes in my life.
D. This is a very difficult task to accomplish.
13. Select the option that rectifies the underlined spelling error.
The impacts of climate change on different sectors of society are interelated.
A. interrilated
B. interrelated
C. enterrelated
D. interrelated
14. Select the correctly spelt word to fill in the blank and make the sentence meaningful.
Sheetal has been studying engineering for five years, ____________________ countless hours
to her coursework

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A. daidicating
B. deddicating
C. dedicating
D. dedecating
15. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
If you don’t have a lump sum to ______ in a fixed deposit, you can surely opt for a long-term
recurring deposit.
A. draw
B. publish
C. gather
D. invest
16. Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word.
Proficient
A. Accomplished
B. Recalcitrant
C. Glamorous
D. Callous
17. Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word.
Fatigued
A. Tired
B. Furious
C. Tricky
D. Famous
18. Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.
A person or entity that is unable to pay debts
A. Insolvent
B. Busted
C. Insurgent
D. Recluse
19. The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains
a grammatical error.
Rahul speaks fluently English / although he makes / quite a lot of mistakes /while writing.
A. quite a lot of mistakes
B. although he makes
C. rahul speaks fluently English
D. while writing
20. Select the most appropriate meaning of the underlined idiom.
Despite their differences, the counties found common ground and buried the hatchet.
A. To continue a conflict
B. To disagree publicly
C. To settle a dispute peacefully

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D. To seek revenge in the future

Comprehension:
In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and
select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Sniffer dog Tucker uses (1)________ nose to help researchers find out why a killer whale
population off the northwest coast of the United States is (2)________ the decline. He searches
for whale faeces floating on the surface of the water, which are then collected for examination.
He is one of the elite team members of detection dogs used by scientists studying a (3)________
of species including right whales and killer whales. Conservation canines are fast becoming
indispensable tools for biologists according to Aimee Hurt, associate director and co-founder of
Working Dogs for Conservation, (4)________ in Three Forks, Montana.
Over the last few years, though, so many new conservation dog projects have sprung up that
Hurt can no (5) ________ keep track of them all. Her organisation’s dogs and their handlers are
fully booked to assist field researchers into 2012.
21. Choose the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 1.
A. his
B. her
C. him
D. its
22. Choose the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 2.
A. at
B. on
C. off
D. after
23. Choose the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 3.
A. number
B. division
C. cacophony
D. cadre
24. Choose the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 4.
A. living
B. rested
C. surviving
D. based
25. Choose the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 5
A. lesser
B. shorter
C. moreover
D. longer

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Answers
1. B 2. B 3. D 4. B 5.A 6. A 7. C 8.A 9.A 10.B 11.A 12.V
13. B 14.C 15.D 16.A 17.A 18.A 19.C 20.C 21.A 22.B 23.A 24.D
25. D
Explanations
1. B) It was swamped with abusive comments aimed at him and his daughter.
The passage states that after announcing the cease-fire understanding, Mr Misri’s account
“was flooded with abusive comments which did not spare his daughter,” prompting him to
lock it. This directly answers the “why” in the question.
A: No hacking of the account is mentioned.
C: The Ministry of I&B is criticised for remaining silent, not for issuing gag orders.
D: The concern was harassment, not inadvertent leaks.
2. B) Enacting a stringent anti-troll law to prevent harassment
The author calls for “a stringent anti-troll law … to stop the acute mental and physical
harassment trolls can cause.”
A: The passage only notes that current laws are limited; it does not propose making trolling
tantamount to treason.
C: No blanket shutdown is suggested.
D: The passage urges targeted regulation, not universal pre-censorship.
3. D) undermined
The sentence contrasts increased participation with deteriorating civility; “undermined”
captures that negative impact.
A and B claim civility is now assured, the opposite of the author’s point.
C shifts the meaning to “no longer necessary,” which the passage does not suggest.
4. B) Critical and Cautionary
The author sharply condemns abusive trolling (“several red lines had been crossed”) and warns
that stronger laws are needed, signalling both criticism of current behaviour and caution about
its consequences.
A: The passage highlights problems, not achievements worth celebrating.
C: The language is grave and disapproving, never playful.
D: Far from indifferent, the author urges action and stricter laws.
5. A) The dangers of toxic trolling and the need for stricter laws
The passage primarily discusses toxic trolling, cyberbullying, and the necessity for legal
measures to curb such behavior.
B) The success of Operation Sindoor is incorrect because while it is mentioned, it is not the
main focus.
C) Social media promoting democracy is incorrect because the passage highlights its misuse
rather than benefits.

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D) Diplomatic relations is incorrect because the focus is on trolling, not diplomacy.

6. A) 'Only the beautiful' के बदले 'the most beautiful' का use होिा क्योंक्रक ‘the’ के साथ Superlative
Degree का use क्रकया जाता है; जैस—
े This is the most difficult question in the exam.
'the most beautiful' will be used instead of 'only the beautiful' because 'the' is used with the
Superlative Degree; Like— This is the most difficult question in the exam.
7. C) “bark” का अथण होता है कत्ते का भौंकना। यहाुँ िाक्य में यह बताया िया है क्रक जब चोर उसके कीमत़ी पेड
की छाल को काट रहे थे, तब कत्ता भौंका नहीं। दस
ू रे blank में पेड की बाहरी सरक्षा परत का उल्लेख है, जजसे
“bark” (छाल) कहते हैं।
“bark” is the correct verb to use when referring to the sound a dog makes. In the context of the
sentence, it means the dog did not make any noise or raise an alarm while the thieves were
slashing something. The second blank refers to the outer protective layer of a tree, which is
called “bark” as well.
8. A) 'enjoyed lunch' के बदले 'had enjoyed lunch' का use होगा क्ोोंकक Main Clause में verb Past
Perfect में होनी चाकहए यकद यह ककसी अन्य घटना से पहले की किया को व्यक्त कर रही हो। अतः यह Past
Perfect Tense में होना चाकहए; जैसे— We had enjoyed lunch before he arrived.
'had enjoyed lunch' will be used instead of 'enjoyed lunch' because the main clause should be
in Past Perfect Tense when it expresses an action completed before another action. Therefore,
it must be in Past Perfect Tense; Like— We had enjoyed lunch before he arrived.
9. A) Heavy (adjective) – Large in amount, weight, or intensity; substantial, massive. भारी, ज़्यादा
मात्रा में।
Antonym: Light (adjective) – Small in amount, weight, or intensity; not heavy, gentle, slight.
हल्का, कम मात्रा में।
• Plentiful (adjective) – Existing in or yielding a large amount; abundant, ample. प्रचु र मात्रा
में।
• Drizzly (adjective) – Light rain falling in very fine drops; misty. फुहार।
• Rare (adjective) – Uncommon or infrequent; unusual, extraordinary. दु ललभ।
10. 'B) Because' का use होगा क्ोोंकक यह "वह बीमार था" के कारण को स्पष्ट करता है कक वह मीकटों ग में क्ोों
नहीों जा सका। वाक् में कारण और प्रभाव के सोंबोंध को स्पष्ट करने के कलए 'because' उपयुक्त है। 'Because'
एक subordinating conjunction है, जो कारण या वजह को दर्ालने के कलए use होता है। यहााँ "he was
sick" यह समझाने के कलए है कक उसने मीकटों ग में भाग क्ोों नहीों कलया, कजससे वाक् व्याकरकणक रूप से
सही बनता है। 'So' का अथल होता है "इसकलए।" यह पररणाम व्यक्त करता है, जबकक यहााँ कारण की
आवश्यकता है।, " 'Although' कवरोधाभास को व्यक्त करता है, ले ककन यहााँ कोई कवरोधाभास नहीों है, इसकलए
यह उपयुक्त नहीों है। 'But' कवरोध या कवपरीतता को व्यक्त करता है, जो इस वाक् में सही नहीों बैठता है
'Because' will be used because it explains the reason "he was sick," which is why he couldn't
attend the meeting. The sentence requires a cause-and-effect relationship, making 'because'

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appropriate here. 'Because' is a subordinating conjunction used to indicate cause. The clause
"he was sick" justifies the main clause "He couldn't attend the meeting," making it grammatically
correct. So': 'So' expresses a result and would fit in a different structure, but it doesn’t express
the cause in this context.' Although': It introduces contrast or concession, which is not present
in the sentence. 'But': It expresses contrast, which doesn’t align with the logical flow of this
sentence.
11. A) Verbatim (adverb/adjective) – In exactly the same words as were used originally. र्ब्दर्
• Precise (adjective) – Marked by exactness and accuracy of expression or detail. सटीक
• Factual (adjective) – Concerned with what is actually the case; based on facts. तथ्यात्मक
• Ornate (adjective) – Made in an intricate shape or decorated with complex patterns.
अलोंकृत
12. C) 'an eraser' का use होगा क्ोोंकक 'eraser' एक singular countable noun है और इसके पहले article
'an' का होना अकनवायल है। 'eraser' vowel sound से र्ुरू होता है, इसकलए इसके साथ article 'an' का
उपयोग ककया जाएगा।
The article 'an' should be used before the noun 'eraser' because it is a singular, countable noun,
and nouns of this type require an article. Since 'eraser' begins with a vowel sound, the correct
article is 'an'
13. B) The correct spelling of ‘interelated’ is ‘interrelated’, which means “having a mutual or
reciprocal relation” – परस्पर सोंबोंकधत।
14. C) The correct spelling is "dedicating", which means "to devote (time, effort, or oneself) to a
particular task or purpose." In Hindi, it translates to "समकपलत करना" or "अकपल त करना".
15. D) ‘Invest' का प्रयोग होगा क्ोोंकक इसका अथल है ककसी कवत्तीय योजना या योजना में धन लगाना। sentence
में mention है कक यकद आपके पास एकमुश्त राकर् नहीों है, तो आप एक दीघलकाकलक आवती जमा चुन सकते
हैं। यह स्पष्ट रूप से धन कनवेर् करने की स्थथकत को सोंदकभल त करता है, इसकलए 'Invest' सही है। 'Draw' का
अथल है धन कनकालना या खीोंचना, जो इस सोंदभल में उपयुक्त नहीों है। 'Publish' का अथल है जानकारी या सामग्री
प्रकाकर्त करना, जो यहााँ सोंदभल से मेल नहीों खाता। 'Gather' का अथल है इकट्ठा करना, लेककन यह कनवेर् के
कवचार को व्यक्त नहीों करता।
Invest' will be used because it means to put money into a financial plan or scheme. The sentence
states that if you don’t have a lump sum amount, you can opt for a long-term recurring deposit.
This clearly refers to the act of investing money, making 'Invest' the correct choice. 'Draw' means
to withdraw money or pull, which is not suitable in this context. 'Publish' means to release
information or content, which doesn't align with the context here. 'Gather' means to collect, but
it doesn’t express the idea of investing money.
16. A) Proficient (adjective): Competent or skilled in doing or using something; expert, adept,
capable. कुशल
Synonym: Accomplished (adjective): Highly skilled, talented, or successful in a particular area;
expert, proficient. निपुण

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• Recalcitrant (adjective): Uncooperative, stubbornly resistant to authority or control.

अवज्ञाकारी
• Glamorous (adjective): Having glamour; fascinatingly attractive or stylish. आकर्षक
• Callous (adjective): Showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others;
unfeeling, heartless. निर्ष यी
17. A) Fatigued (adjective) – Extremely tired, exhausted, worn out, weary. थका हुआ
Synonym: Tired (adjective) – Feeling a need for rest or sleep, exhausted, weary, fatigued.
थका हुआ
• Furious (adjective): Very angry, enraged, infuriated. िोकधत
• Tricky (adjective): Difficult to deal with, requiring careful handling. पेचीदा
• Famous (adjective): Known about by many people, celebrated, well-known. प्रकसद्ध
18. A) Insolvent (noun) – A person or entity that is unable to pay debts कदवाकलया
• Busted (adjective) – Broken, ruined, or out of order; not necessarily related to financial
inability. टू टा हुआ या कबगडा हुआ
• Insurgent (noun) – A person who rebels against authority or government. कवद्रोही
• Recluse (noun) – A person who lives a solitary life and tends to avoid other people.
एकाों तवासी
19. C) 'fluently English' के बदले 'English fluently' का प्रयोग होगा क्ोोंकक adverb 'fluently' को हमेर्ा verb
और उसके object के बीच में रखने की बजाय या तो verb से पहले या sentence के अों त में रखा जाता है;
जैसे— Correct Sentence: "Rahul speaks English fluently although he makes quite a lot of mistakes
while writing."
‘English fluently' will be used instead of 'fluently English' because the adverb 'fluently' should
not be placed between the verb 'speaks' and its object 'English'. Proper placement of the adverb
is either after the object or at the end of the sentence. For example:
Correct Sentence: "Rahul speaks English fluently although he makes quite a lot of mistakes
while writing."
20. C) Buried the hatchet (idiom) – To settle a dispute peacefully कववाद को र्ाोंकत से सुलझाना।
21. A) 'His' का उपयोग सही है क्ोोंकक "Tucker" एक sniffer डॉग है और कुत्तोों को अक्सर अोंग्रेजी में he/his के
रूप में सोंदकभलत ककया जाता है। वाक् का मतलब है कक Tucker अपनी नाक का उपयोग करता है, इसकलए
"his nose" सही है। 'Her' गलत है क्ोोंकक यह ककसी मादा (female) का सोंदभल दे ता है, जबकक यहााँ Tucker
(नाम से) नर (male) है। 'Him' गलत है क्ोोंकक "him" object pronoun है, जबकक हमें यहााँ possessive
pronoun (his) की आवश्यकता है। 'Its' भी गलत है क्ोोंकक "its" का उपयोग कनजीव वस्तुओों या जानवरोों के
कलए तब होता है जब उनका कलोंग कनकदल ष्ट न हो। लेककन Tucker का जेंडर सोंदकभलत है।
‘His' is correct because Tucker is a sniffer dog, and dogs are commonly referred to as he/his in
English. The sentence implies that Tucker uses his nose, making "his" the appropriate and
natural choice. 'Her' is incorrect because it refers to a female subject, whereas Tucker (by name)

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is male. 'Him' is incorrect as it is an object pronoun, whereas a possessive pronoun (his) is

required here. 'Its' is incorrect as "its" is used for inanimate objects or animals with unspecified
gender. Tucker's gender is implied
22. B) On" का use होगा क्ोोंकक "on the decline" एक सामान्य अकभव्यस्क्त है कजसका अथल है ककसी चीज़ के
घटने या कम होने की प्रकिया। इस sentence में killer whales की population के घटने की बात हो रही है,
इसकलए 'on' सही है। जबकक 'at' ककसी थथान या कबोंदु को दर्ालता है, 'off' अलगाव या दू री को व्यक्त करता
है, और 'after' िम या समय को दर्ालता है, जो इस सोंदभल में सही नहीों है।
"On" will be used because "on the decline" is a common expression that means something is in
the process of decreasing or deteriorating. The sentence refers to the killer whale population
reducing, making "on" appropriate. Whereas, "at" refers to a specific point or location, "off"
implies separation, and "after" indicates sequence or time, none of which fit in this context.
23. A) ‘Number' का use होगा क्ोोंकक 'number' का अथल होता है ककसी चीज़ की मात्रा या सोंख्या। इस वाक् में
प्रजाकतयोों के एक समूह, जैसे कक सही व्हेल और ककलर व्हेल, का उल्लेख ककया गया है। 'A number of
species' एक grammatically सही वाक्ाोंर् है जो प्रजाकतयोों के सोंग्रह को दर्ालता है। जबकक 'Division' का
अथल है कवभाजन, 'Cacophony' का अथल है कठोर और अकप्रय ध्वकन का कमश्रण, और 'Cadre' का अथल है
प्रकर्कित व्यस्क्तयोों का समूह।
'Number' will be used because it means a quantity or amount of something. In this sentence, it
refers to a group of species, such as right whales and killer whales. 'A number of species' is a
grammatically correct phrase that represents a collection of species. Whereas, 'Division' means
separation, 'Cacophony' refers to a harsh mixture of sounds, and 'Cadre' implies a group of
trained individuals, which do not fit in this context.
24. D) Based' का use होगा है क्ोोंकक "based" का अथल होता है ककसी थथान पर थथाकपत होना। यहााँ पर वाक्
यह बताता है कक "Working Dogs for Conservation" का मुख्यालय Three Forks, Montana में है। इसकलए
'based' इस context में कबल्कुल सही है। जबकक: 'Living' का अथल है जीना, जो मुख्यालय के सोंदभल में उकचत
नहीों है। 'Rested' का अथल है कवश्राम करना, जो यहाों गलत है। 'Surviving' का अथल है जीकवत रहना या बचना,
जो वाक् के भाव से मेल नहीों खाता।
'Based' is used because it means "established in a specific location." The sentence explains that
the headquarters of "Working Dogs for Conservation" is located in Three Forks, Montana,
making 'based' the correct choice. Whereas: 'Living' means residing or being alive, which doesn't
fit the context of headquarters. 'Rested' means taking rest, which is irrelevant here. 'Surviving'
means staying alive or enduring, which doesn't align with the intended meaning of the sentence.
25. D) 'longer' का use होगा क्ोोंकक इसका अथल है "अब और नहीों" या "अब सोंभव नहीों।" sentence यह
indicate करता है कक इतनी अकधक conservation dog projects र्ुरू हो गई हैं कक Hurt अब सभी पर
नज़र नहीों रख सकती। इसकलए, 'longer' यहााँ सही कवकल्प है। 'lesser' का अथल है "कम" या "सामान्यतः
मात्रा या स्तर को दर्ाल ता है," जो यहाों असोंगत है। 'shorter' का अथल है "लोंबाई या समय में कम," जो इस सोंदभल
में उपयुक्त नहीों है। 'moreover' का अथल है "इसके अलावा," जो यहााँ अनुकचत है क्ोोंकक यह वाक् के तकल
के साथ मेल नहीों खाता।

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‘longer' will be used because it means "no more" or "not possible anymore." The sentence
indicates that so many conservation dog projects have been initiated that Hurt can no longer
keep track of them all. Therefore, 'longer' is the correct choice. 'lesser' means "less" or usually
denotes a quantity or degree, which is irrelevant here. 'shorter' implies "less in length or
duration," which is unsuitable in this context. 'moreover' means "besides," which does not fit
the logical progression of the sentence

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