Kayla Harrison
Third Form
Worksheet
Chapter Eight
First Dutch War
1) What was the reason for the war?__The reason why the war was
brought up was because the Dutch refused to obey the
Navigation Act in 1652.
2) Name the two nations involved in the war. _The two nations involved
in the war were The Dutch and The english ( Europeans )
3) When did it start and end? _It started in the year 1652 and ended
in 1654.
4) What was the outcome of the war? __The war was a great success
to London in its point of view. Goods such as colonial sugar,
cotton and dyewoods poured into English warehouses. Re-
exporting them to the rest of Europe was popular. Also, the
Dutch agreed in the Treaty of Westminster to accept the
Navigation Act.
The Western Design
1) Whose idea was the “Western Design’? _The Western Design was
Oliver Cromwell’s idea.
2) What was the purpose of ‘the Western Design’? _The Western Design
was made as a guide to force Spain to recognize Britain’s right
to own colonies in the Caribbean and to trade with Spanish
settlers.
3) Which general was expected to command the forces of the English?
__General Robert Venables was expected to command the
forces of the English
4) What problems did they experience in Hispaniola?__Admiral Penn had
his untrained men in the middle of an unhealthy
swamp .There was a lack of food and water for the long
distant march. The men were scattered by the force of Spanish
lancers. They refused to listen to Venables’ command.
5) Why was Jamaica attacked by the English in 1655? _Jamaica was an
easy target close to Hisponiola since it was the least wealthy
and the worst defended of the Spanish islands.
Capture of Jamaica
1) What method/s did the Spaniards use to thwart the English plans?
Inorder to hinder the English plans the Spanish ranchers
released their cattles loose, freed their slave, and set off with
their valuables to the north coast where they sailed to cuba.
This prevented the English from capturing any valuables or
source of food. Cristoval also organized the freed slaves into
guerilla bands.
2) What was the name of the Spanish commander? The Spanish
commander was Cristoval de Ysasi.
3) Who was Juan de Bolas?
Juan de Bolas was the Spanish name for the slave chief,
Lubolo.
4) What was the name of the man sent by Cromwell to govern Jamaica?
Military Governor Edward D’Oyley.
Buccaneers
1) Who were the first buccaneers? The first buccaneers were runaway
bondservants and men fleeing from the law.
2) Which island was used as their base in the sixteenth and seventeenth
centuries? Jamaica was used as a base
3) Who were the flibustiers? The French were known as the
flibustiers.
4) How did the English buccaneers help Jamaica? The English Buccaneers
were a great help as they navigated the Caribbean current
and shoal, by their knowledge of Spanish ship movements.
Second Dutch War
1) What was the reason for the war? The second Dutch war had started
due to the British attempts of seizing several Dutch trading
factories and capturing the town of New Amsterdam in that
same year.
2) Name the nations involved in the war.
England, Dutch, Jamaica, Monsterrat, Antigua, Anguilla, St.Kitts,
Barbados, St Eustatius Saba, and France,
3) When did it start and end? It started in the year 1665 and ended in
1667.
4) What was the outcome of the war? After a few months Monsterrat,
Antigua and Anguilla were retaken by the British. The war
was then brought to an end by the peace treaty signed at
Breda.
5) What did the English and the Dutch agree to in the Treaty of Breda?
The Dutch and The English agreed that all colonies would be
returned to their rightful owners unless a colony decides to give
away one.
French Settlements
1) Name the French colonies. Parts of St.kitts,, Grenada, Martinique,
Marie Galante. Western Hisponiola , St. Lucia, St. Dominique
2) What caused the French government to redevelop interest in the French
colonies? The French colonized North America to create trading
posts for the fur trade.
3) What was the name of the French minister who brought the colonies back
from the proprietors? Jean Baptiste Colbert.
4) What changes did he make to ensure that the supply of slaves to French
colonies increased? He ordered the small French fort of St Louis on
the Senegal River to be enlarged and had new ones built in
Gambia and Sierra Leone
5) What was the role of the French West India Company? The French West
India Company role was to manage trading deposits and
collect custom duties.
Collapse of the Dutch West India Company / Colbert and Spain
1) What was the reason for the Third Dutch War? The Third Dutch War
was started by Colbert through the intentions of vacating the
Dutch from their empire.
2) Which nations fought in this war? England, Spain, France, Dutch,
Netherlands, and French West Indian colonies.
3) What was the outcome of the war? (name three things)
● The Dutch recognised France and the owner of Tobago
and the Cayenne settlements.
● The Netherlands admitted defeat and decided to
withdraw all Dutch agents from French West Indian
colonies.
● When the war was finished, the English decided to put
in an effort by breaking the Dutch hold on American
trade.
4) What job did Colbert give to Le Comte d’ Estrees? Colbert ordered Le
Comte d’ Estrees, with eleven ships, to gain aid from the
flibustiers in a round of attacks to persuade the Spaniards.
5) What did Colbert hope to achieve by doing this? This plan was meant
to persuade the Spaniards to allow French ships into
American Ports.
St. Domingue
1) What job was de Tracy given? De Tracy was sent to ST Domingue to
suppress the flibustiers.
2) What methods were used by de Tracy to convince the flibustiers to stop
their raids on the Spanish?
● He encouraged them to put the loot gained from the
raids into setting up sugar mills and purchase slaves.
● De Tracy brought women down from France and
auctioned them as wives. He stated that the wives made
an improvement in stopping the flibustiers rather than
the kings’ fleet.
3) Which two nations objected to the French settlement in St.Domingue and
why? _The Spanish and the English contradicted the French
settlement on St Domingue.
4) Which nations were involved in the ‘King William's war’? The English
and the Dutch were involved in the ‘King William’s war .
5) What is the name of the treaty that was signed at the end of the war? At
the end of the war, The Treaty of Ryswick was signed.
Brandenburgers and Danes
1) How did the Dutch merchants plan to maintain trade with the West Indies
after the Third Dutch War? The merchants from holland sent
goods to the West Indies on ships registered in Denmark or
Brandenburg, then a small German state that had Berlin as its
capital.
2) How successful were they? They were successful unless the ships
were ignored by the English and French customs officials.
3) When was the Brandenburg _Guinea Company formed and by whom?
_The Brandenburg Guinea Company was formed in 1682 by
Gross Fredericksburg.
4) How long did the Brandenburgers last in the West Indies? The
Brandenburgers were in the West Indies for 30 years.
5) What colonies did the Danes establish in the Caribbean?
St. Thomas, St. Croix and St. John.
Chapter Nine
English Political Controls
1) What was the name of the organization that maintained political control of
the British colonies?
The council of Trade and Plantations.
Barbados
1) What role did the local assembly play? The local assembly was
assigned to make local laws and had the power to object to
local taxes or custom duties.
The Lesser Antilles
1) In what year did the Council of Trade appoint a governor-in-chief? _
A governor in chief was appointed in 1671.
Jamaica
1) What was the name of the governor who replaced D’Oyley in Jamaica?
Lord Windsor.
2) Who was the leader of each parish? _The Custos.
3) How many parishes existed in Jamaica? _There were 12 parishes in
Jamaica at the time.
Governing English Colonies
1) Put in order of importance: Councils, Governor, Assemblies.
● The Governors
● The Councils
● The Assemblies.
2) What roles did the Colonial Governors play?
The Council had the duty in advising the governor and
providing support in enforcing regulations that came from
the imperial government of England.
3) What was the purpose of the council in each colony?
● Laws that needed to be reinforced by the governor would
first be advised by the council then passed down to the
assembly to seek its approval.
● In most colonies the council acted as a court of appeal.
4) Which group of persons was allowed to vote in elections for the
assemblies?
Only men who owned properties and were not tenants could
vote (wealthy freeholders)
5) What role/s did the local assemblies play?
The local assemblies had control over the local taxes. They
were also responsible for governing and making decisions
on local matters within their jurisdiction.
French Colonial Government
1) What was the French system of economic control over colonies called?
The French system was called exclusive.
2) In what years were these passed and why?
a) Ordinance of Marine
In 1671 the Ordinance of Marine was passed because it
forbade foreigners to trade with the French colonies .
b) Ordinance of Commerce
In 1673 the Ordinance of Commerce was passed down in
1673 because it forbade foreigners to trade with the
French colonists.
3) What role did the Counseil d’ Etat (Council of State) play?
The Council of State had a duty of appointing all officials
and wrote all the laws of the colonies.
4) Put in order of importance : council, governor, intendant
● Governor
● Intendant
● Councils
