MUSIC RHYTHEM LED FLASH LIGHT USING MICROPHONE

MUSIC RHYTHM LED FLASH LIGHT USING MICROPHONE

CHAPTER-01
PROBLEM STATEMENT:
Many people enjoy listening to music and dancing along with the rhythm. However,
there are limited options for visually enhancing the experience. Traditional lighting systems
such as strobe lights or disco balls can be expensive and bulky. Additionally, they may not
synchronize with the music or provide a customizable experience. Therefore, the aim of this
project is to design and implement a low-cost, compact LED flashlight circuit that can
synchronize with music and be used for entertainment and decoration purposes.

The Design and Implementation of a Music Rhythm LED Flashlight Circuit for
Entertainment and Decoration Purposes is a project that focuses on creating a circuit that can
synchronize LED flashing patterns with music rhythms. The purpose of this project is to
create an entertaining and decorative lighting effect that can enhance the ambiance of parties,
events, and home settings. The circuit is designed to receive audio signals from an external
music player and use them to control the flashing of the LEDs. The project involves designing
and building the circuit, programming the microcontroller, and testing the system to ensure it
performs as intended.

The result is a fun and interactive lighting effect that can be customized to fit any
music style and setting. The project aims to create a circuit that can sync LED lights with the
music rhythm, making it a perfect choice for decoration and entertainment purposes. The
circuit can be easily customized, and the user can adjust the sensitivity and intensity of the
LED lights based on their preferences. The LED flashlight circuit can be used at parties,
events, and concerts, where it can create an immersive and captivating lighting experience for
the audience. It can include a more detailed explanation of the purpose and significance of the
project.

INTRODUCTION:
A brief introduction about the related work that is being in this introductory note on
the development of music rhythm based LED’s in a circular fashion. This article gives a brief
overview of the mini project work we undertook that involved the creation of the Music
Rhythm LEDs. Our project's primary goal is to create Music Rhythm LEDs, which will be
used for Disco lights, DJ lights, or lighting at an event and will turn ON and OFF in time with
the beats or rhythm of the music. Using a microphone and the BC547 transistor on a PCB,
this Music Rhythm LED's Circuit causes the led to blink in time with the music. The attached
led will begin blinking as soon as the microphone detects the beat of the music and generates
an electric pulse that the transistor amplifies. There are only a few components needed to

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make this straightforward circuit. The work is completed with the practical implementation of
an application. The created prototype demonstrates the invention's effectiveness and power.

PROJECT OBJECTIVES:
• To design a circuit that can produce a synchronized light and music effect based on the
rhythm of the music.

• To use LED lights in the circuit to create a colorful and attractive display for entertainment
and decoration purposes.

• To implement the circuit using readily available electronic components and tools for ease of
replication by hobbyists and enthusiasts.

• To ensure that the circuit is safe and reliable for use by integrating appropriate safety
measures such as current limiting resistors and fuses.

• To test and evaluate the performance of the circuit in terms of light and music
synchronization and overall functionality.

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CHAPTER-02
REQUIRED COMPONENTS:

No. Component Quantity

1. Power supply (9V) Battery 1

2. BC547 transistor 4

3. Condenser mic 1

4. 68Ω and 10Ω resistor 1,1

5. 10KΩ resistor 2

6. 1MΩ resistor 1

7. 100nf ceramic capacitor (104) 1

8. LED 3

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CHAPTER-03
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Figure-1: Music rhythm led flash light using microphone

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM PICTURE:

Figure-2: diagram setup in music rhythm led flash light using microphone

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF THE DESIGN:

There are certain limitations of the work, for ex., the prepared circuit depends mostly
on the sound that strikes it; if the sound level is below the required level, the project fails is
one such limitation. Another limitation is - it also depends on the distance between the input
signal and the microphone; if the distance is greater than necessary, the light of the led will
undoubtedly dim and the project will fail. We can therefore draw the conclusion that the
LED’s glow is inversely proportional to the distance between the microphone and the sound
waves it receives. LED illumination according to distance between input signal and mic [7].
These are linked in accordance with the diagram above and produced the desired results.
Transistors for every LED will be individually connected since the intake sound must be
amplified. Transistors are utilised because environmental noise may diminish the sound that is
used as input. The type of transistor being used is an NPN transistor. When there is no voltage
provided to the base of an NPN transistor, it can function as an open switch, and when there is
a voltage applied, it can function as a closed switch. Usually, 0.7 volts is sufficient to conduct
it completely. In accordance with its polarity, mic must be appropriately conducted in the
circuit. We can examine the mic terminals to discover the polarity of the microphone. The
negative terminal is the one with three soldering lines

WORKING PRINCIPLE:
In this Simple Music Rhythm Operated LED, the condenser microphone is employed
to capture sound signals and convert them into voltage levels. Subsequently, these voltage
signals are directed through an R-C filter or High Pass filter (R2 and C1) to eliminate any
noise from the sound. Then, an NPN transistor (Q1- BC547) amplifies the signals from the
High Pass filter before being transmitted to an array of four transistors.

Each transistor in this array acts as an amplifier and illuminates the four LEDs
according to the sound pattern. This creates an interesting sequence of dancing LEDs which
follows the beats of the sound, depending on their intensity and pitch. To make it even cooler,
more LEDs can be added to the array with additional transistors.

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CHAPTER:04
METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, we describe the steps and procedures that we followed to design and
implement our clap switch circuit. We also explain the materials and tools that we used and
the testing and troubleshooting methods that we applied.

Bread Board:
The outer appearance of an electronics breadboard can be a little confusing at first.
The small connector holes on the top of a breadboard come in two different varieties: power
rails and terminals. Two power rails run up each side of the breadboard as columns, one for
positive and one for negative, and each point along these columns is connected.

Terminals are a little different. Rather than running up the breadboard as columns,
they run across it as rows. There is usually a gap in the middle of these rows that aren't
connected, effectively doubling the number of available terminal rails.

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5V battery: A battery is a device that can provide electrical power. We used a 5V battery to
power our clap switch circuit and the relay coil

Transistor(BC547):
The BC547 transistor is an NPN transistor. A transistor is nothing but the transfer of
resistance which is used for amplifying the current. A small current of the base terminal of
this transistor will control the large current of emitter and base terminals. The main function
of this transistor is to amplify as well as switching purposes. The maximum gain current of
this transistor is 800A.

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LED working:
Light-emitting diode (LED) is a widely used standard source of light in electrical
equipment. It has a wide range of applications ranging from your mobile phone to large
advertising billboards. They mostly find applications in devices that show the time and
display different types of data.

Resistor(1M):
Resistor are available in different sizes. Its size is directly proportional to its power
rating. The power rating is the maximum amount of power that a resistor can
dissipate without being damaged by excessive heat build-up. The larger the
surface area covered by a resistor, the more power it can dissipate.

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Capacitor:
Ceramic capacitors are tiny! It’s difficult to read their values even with the code.
Imagine if we had to shrink their complete specifications down and print them on the
capacitor! We’d need a microscope to read them! This is why manufacturers started using a
three-digit-code to mark ceramic capacitors. You can either memerize the formula, or use a
calculator to figure them out

 The Capacitor Value Calculator will convert the three digit code into a capacitance
value.

 The Capacitor Code Calculator will convert a value into a code.

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CHAPTER-05
APPLICATIONS:
1.A microphone picks up sound and convert it into an electric pulse

2.The electric pulse is amplified by a transistor

3.the amplified signal turns on and off multiple transistor and LED’s based on the music’s
pitch and beats

4.The LED lights follow the music’s high pitched sounds and drum beats

ADVANTAGES:
 Entertainment: these light can be visually appealing and entertaining, especially at
parties, clubs, and on stage.
 Energy Efficient: LED’s use less power than other types o flashlights, which can
reduce strain on the power supply and pollution.

DISADVANTAGES:

 Safety: It’s important to include safety features in the circuit design to prevent
electrical hazards

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CHAPTER-06

CONCLUSION:
Music rhythm LED circular display was designed, developed & implemented by the
team of mini project students. Any highway sign can be an indicator using music Rhythm
LED circuits. It can also be utilised as decorations for events like Christmas, festivals,
weddings, anniversaries, and birthdays. These are also utilised in bars, nightclubs, party
venues, etc [10]. Following is a summary of the outcomes or results of the mini-project work -
It is possible to implement the music rhythm led effectively. The microphone can take up low
volume noises with greater sensitivity, thus LEDs can also shine to low pitch music.
Therefore, by modifying its sensitivity, we may make it more sensitive to react on every beat
in the music or less sensitive to react only on high note beats. The mic's ability to detect
noises decreases with increasing distance, which also means the led won't light up when it
reaches its maximum range. LEDs glow more when the volume is higher at a particular place;
when the volume is lower, LEDs glow less frequently.

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CHAPTER-07

REFERENCES:
[1]. J. R. Zhang, M. Wang, G. Y. Zhao, Proficient in Labview virtual instrument
programming and case realization, Beijing: People Post Press, 2020, pp. 362-368.

[2]. J. H. Liu, Virtual instrument design based on LabVIEW, Beijing: Electronic Industry
Press, 2021, pp. 58-67.

[3]. G. S. Chen, Y. K. Guo, Z. L. Wang, Proficient in Labview programming, Beijing:

Electronic Industry Press, 2022, pp. 16-34, 33.

[4]. K. R. Aaron, N. L. Foster, D. P. Hazel, A. M. Basher, Closed-loop position control

system using LabVIEW, Southeast Con., 2023, 12(9): 259~262.

[5]. Q. S. Zhang, LED application circuit selection, Beijing: Machinery Industry Press, 2023,
65- 69.

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