OROMIA EDUCATION BUREAU

GRADE 12 BIOLOGY FIRST SEMESTER FINAL EXAMINATION FOR BOARDING AND NON-
BOARDING (SPECIAL) SCHOOLS, JANUARY 2017/2025

TIME ALLOWED: 1:15'

GENERAL DIRECTIONS

THIS BOOKLET CONTAINS BIOLOGY FIRST SEMESTER FINAL EXAMINATION FOR GRADE 12.
IN THIS BOOKLET, THERE ARE A TOTAL OF 50 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS.

THERE IS ONLY ONE BEST ANSWER FOR EACH QUESTION. CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER FROM
THE GIVEN ALTERNATIVES AND WRITE THE LETTER OF YOUR CHOICE ON THE ANSWER
SHEET PROVIDED.

YOU ARE ALLOWED TO WORK ON THE EXAM QUESTIONS FOR 75 MINUTES ONLY. WHEN
TIME IS CALLED, YOU MUST IMMEDIATELY STOP WORKING ON THE QUESTIONS AND PUT
DOWN YOUR PEN/PENCIL AND WAIT FOR WHAT YOU MIGHT BE TOLD TO DO.

ANY FORM OF CHEATING OR AN ATTEMPT TO CHEAT IN THE EXAM WILL RESULT IN AN

AUTOMATIC DISMISSAL FROM THE EXAM HALL AND CANCELLATION OF YOUR SCORE.

PLEASE MAKE SURE THAT YOU HAVE WRITTEN ALL THE REQUIRED INFORMATION ON THE
ANSWER SHEET BEFORE YOU START TO WORK ON THE EXAM.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

Biology Grade 12 2017 Page 0

1. Which of the following general characteristics of eubacteria differentiates them from eukaryotic
organisms? Bacteria:
A. are either autotrophic or heterotrophic C. have both DNA and RNA
B. have no nucleus and mitochondria D. have rigid cell wall made up of chitin.
2. Which of the following is not common to both C4 and CAM plants?
A. CO2 is fixed primarily into Phosphoenolpyruvate to produce oxaloacetate
B. CO2 fixed by Calvin cycle is obtained from decarboxylation of malate
C. Phosphoenolpyruvate is regenerated in both types of plants
D. Their stomata are closed during the day time and opened at night.
3. It is known that about 95% of plants on the earth are C3 plants but some plants are C4 and others are CAM
plants. What makes some plants such as cacti to follow the CAM photosynthetic pathway?
A. to improve water use efficiency. C. to fix CO2 from the atmosphere twice
B. to reduce the problem of photorespiration D. to maximize the use of NADPH in their pathway
4. Which of the following two cellular processes do not produce CO2 that will contribute to global warming?
A. aerobic respiration and photosynthesis
B. lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation.
C. aerobic respiration and Photorespiration.
D. photosynthesis and lactic acid fermentation.
5. Photorespiration is highly reduced in C4 plants because in these plants
A. the light reactions and carbon refixation occur in different cells.
B. oxygen is not produced in their cells
C. they have no RUBISCO enzyme that binds with oxygen
D. there is a very fast respiration that uses more oxygen in C4 plants.
The next question is based on the following given information about bacterial structure.
I. Lipoteichoic acid II. Porin protein III. Peptidoglycan IV. Outer membrane V. Lipoprotein
6. Which of the above bacterial structure is found only in Gram negative bacteria?
A. I, II, and III B. II, III and IV C. II, IV and V D. III, IV and V
7. At what phase of the Calvin cycle do plants use NADPH?
A. reduction phase C. RUBP regeneration phase
B. CO2 uptake phase D. electron transport chain and chemiosmosis phase
8. Which of the following characterizes the cyclic photophosphorylation?
A its last electron acceptor is NADP C. it produces ATP, NADPH and oxygen
B. it involves only photosystem I D. its primary electron donor is water
9. The final electron acceptor in cyclic photophosphorylation, non-cyclic photophosphorylation and oxidative
phosphorylation respectively are?
A. oxygen, photosystem I and NADP C. NADP, photosystem I and oxygen
B. NADP, oxygen and photosystem I D. photosystem I, NADP and oxygen
10. Identify the incorrectly matched archaebacteria with the environment in which they live.
A. hyperthermophiles- live in very hot C. psychrophiles- live in very cold environments
B. halophiles- live in saline environments D. methanogens - live in oxygen rich environments

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11. Animals, including humans, obtain useful ATP for their cellular activities from the food they ingest as a
result of
A. catabolism B. anabolism C. biosynthesis D. endergonic process
12. Which of the following is incorrect statement about dating fossils?
A. The oldest fossils are found in the lowest layers of sedimentary rocks.
B. The abundances of parent and daughter isotopes in a sample can be measured and used to determine
their age.
C. Relative dating determines the specific time when that event has occurred.
D. Half-life is the time needed for half the atoms of a radioactive substance to decay.
13. How many percentage of the original carbon 14 remains after 17190 years if half-life of carbon 14 to decay
is 5730years?
A. 6.25 B. 50 C. 12.5 D. 3.125
14. All of the following are the ways biologists take a position in conserving animals and saving them from
extinction EXCEPT
A. Forest restoration C. preservation in seed banks
B. Habitat conservation D. preservation in zoos
15. Food security is best defined as
A. The state in which developing countries have economic power obtain sufficient food.
B. The state in which all people have the potential to buy the food that they wants to eat.
C. The state in which all people have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and
nutritious food.
D. The state in which all people have access to sufficient food so that they survive without hunger
throughout their entire life.
16. Which stages of cellular respiration would you include if you are engaged with engineering an anaerobic
organism and why?
A. Glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation for efficiency.
B. Glycolysis and fermentation for ATP production under anaerobic conditions.
C. Only the Krebs cycle for intermediate products.
D. Oxidative phosphorylation to utilize oxygen better
17. What is the beneficial aspect of polyploidy in plant evolution?
A. it has allowed infertile hybrids to become fertile.
B. it has allowed fertile hybrids to become infertile.
C. it has prevented the formation of new plant species.
D. it has prevented the formation of plant gametes by the hybrid plant.
18. Biologists provide scientific evidences that support the gradual changes of genetic composition of a
population over time. In this regard, all of the following can help to prove the theory of evolution and
common ancestry, except
A. comparative embryology of some vertebrates
B. comparison of homologous structures of some mammals
C. fossil records obtained by paleontologists
D. comparison of analogous structures of some animals

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19. It is impossible for each stages of cellular respiration to occur without the production of NAD+. This vital
electron carrier is regenerated in lactic acid fermentation because
A. lactic acid accepts electrons from NADH C. oxygen accepts electrons from NADH
B. pyruvate accepts electrons from NADH D. Acetaldehyde accepts electrons from NADH.
20. Suppose your friend is a vegetarian who does not want to eat meat. How can a biotechnological knowledge
of a mycologist helps him provide a meat substitute?
A. producing vitaminB12 through fermentation by using propionic bacteria
B. producing pruteen by mass culture of the bacterium Methylophilus methylotrophus
C. producing mycoprotein from the fungus Fusarium venenatum,
D. producing alcoholic beverages.by using yeast.
Answer the following question based on the following procedures of producing wine
1. Juice extracted from grapes, 4. Bottle and age the wine in a cool place.
2. Separate the liquid wine from yeast sediment 5. Add sugar and a strain of Saccharomyces
3. Treat the juice with SO2 to kill any wild yeast
21. Based on the above information, what correct sequence a wine maker should follow to prepare the wine?
A. 1, 3,5,2,4 B. 1,2,4,3,5 C. 1,3,5,4,2 D. 1,5,3,2,4
22. Why is genetic modification of animals more preferable than selective breeding? Because the former
A. is time consuming C. the only way to enhance productivity
B. more rapid process D. benefits both humans and the animals
23. Which of the following biotechnology represents the transfer of group of cells from an animal or plant to
an artificial environment in which they can continue to survive and function?
A. gene therapy B. Culturing bacteria in Lab C. monoculture D. tissue culture
24. Fermentation by transgenic bacteria can produce drugs for diabetics if the bacteria are made to receive gene
for
A. growth hormone production from humans C. insulin production from humans
B. tissue plasminogen activator D. any hormone production from humans
25. What force drives the ATP synthase to generate ATP during oxidative phosphorylation?
A. transfer of phosphate from a high energy phosphorylated organic compounds.
B. an electrochemical potential difference across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
C. energy obtained from the oxygen inhaled during breathing
D. GTP serves as an energy source by providing the phosphate needed to phosphorylate ADP
26. In a population of moths, those with darker coloration might be better camouflaged against predators on
soot-darkened trees. As a result, the dark-colored moths survive and reproduce more effectively and over
time, the population shifts toward darker coloration because this trait increases a survival advantage. This
is a good example of
A. directional selection B. stabilizing selection C. disruptive selection D. use and misuse
27. Which of the following postulates of Charles Darwin states that only those individuals which show high
selective value can survive and in the course of time they develop various adaptive modifications to suit the
changed conditions of life?
A. survival of the fittest C. struggle for existence
B. geometric increase D. Variation under nature

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 The next question is based on the following table about Lamarckism and Darwinism
Aspects of theory Lamarck’s theory of use and Darwin’s theory of natural selection
disuse
W Variation There is a natural variation in Environment changes, creating a need
features and the variations are for the organism to change
heritable
X Survival Development of new features in Environment selects in favor of those
order to survive traits that adapt the organism to the
environment
Y Inheritance individuals pass on their new features acquired during lifetime
advantageous variations to their of an individual are passed to the
offspring offspring
Z speciation No new species formation new species will be formed over time

28. Which row of the table contains the correct comparisons of Lamarck’s and Darwin’s postulates about
theory of evolution?
A. W B. X C. Y D. Z
29. Neo-Darwinism is a revised version of Darwin’s theory of evolution that combines all of the following
EXCEPT
A. use and disuse theory C. genetic theory
B. evolution by means of natural selection D. Reproductive Isolation
30. Identify the correct definition given for evolution.
A. it is a continuous genetic similarity of populations over successive generations
B. it is a change in genetic composition of a population over successive generations
C. it is the ability of a population to use some of their organs and disuse the others.
D, it is a change in behavior of a population over successive generations
31. Which of the following theories about the origin of life states that life on Earth originally came from
elsewhere in the Universe ?
A. special creationism B. spontaneous generation C. eternity of life D. cosmozoan theory
32. When compared with aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration
A. produces more ATP C. requires oxygen
B. produces ATP more quickly D. needs mitochondria
33. Which of the following does NOT characterize the link reaction?
A. Decarboxylation C. ATP formation
B. Dehydrogenation D. production of acetyl Coenzyme A
34. Which of the following statements about aerobic respiration is correct?
A. Glycolysis takes place in the matrix of the mitochondrion.
B. Carrier molecules of the ETC exist on the outer membrane of the mitochondrion.
C. A high concentration of hydrogen ions builds up in the matrix of the mitochondrion.
D. Kreb’s cycle takes place in the matrix of the mitochondrion

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35. Which of the following differentiates oxidative phosphorylation from substrate level phosphorylation?
Oxidative level phosphorylation:
A. occurs at the krebs cycle and glycolysis C. is a process catalyzed by PEPCO enzyme
B. produces 10% of ATP in aerobic respiration D. cannot produce ATP without oxygen
36. The correct chemical equation of aerobic respiration in animal muscle cell is
A. C6H12O6 + 6CO2 ➞6H2O + 6O2 + 36 ATP
B. C6H12O6 + 6O2 ➞6H2O + 6CO2 + Lactic acid
C. C6H12O6 + 6O2 ➞ 6H2O + 6CO2 + 36ATP
D. 6H2O + 6CO2 ➞C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 36ATP
37. Which of the following pathways would produce the most ATP if combined into a single metabolic
process?
A. Glycolysis and fermentation
B. Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation
C. Fermentation and oxidative phosphorylation
D. Only the Krebs cycle
38. In an experiment, mitochondria are removed from a cell. Which stages of respiration can still occur, and
how effective would they be?
A. Only glycolysis, which would produce 2 ATP per glucose molecule.
B. Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, which would produce 4 ATP.
C. Oxidative phosphorylation, but it would be less efficient.
D. Fermentation, which would produce the same ATP as oxidative phosphorylation
39. Which of the following criterion would best evaluates the success of genetic engineering in improving food
security?
A. Public acceptance of GMOs C. Increased costs of genetically engineered seeds
B. Reduction in scientific research funding D. Increased resistance to environmental stress in crops
40. Biological warfare uses all of the following to kill or incapacitate humans, animals or plants as an act of
war EXCEPT
A. X rays B. Infectious agents C. harmful bacteria, viruses and fungi D. biological toxins
41. People can prevent themselves from the infection of a mycosis known as Tinea pedis through the following
methods EXCEPT?
A. avoiding physical contact with infected people C. sharing personal items
B. Regular disinfection of showers and wardrobes D. keeping the skin dry.
42. The fungi that cause athlete’s foot multiply by asexual spores that are formed by fragmentation of the
hyphae. What are these spores called?
A. conidiophores B. blastospore C. sporangiospores D. arthrospores
43. Identify the correctly matched organism with its locomotory organ.
A. Amoeba - cilia C. paramecium- no locomotory organ
B. Giardia – flagella D. Plasmodium- pseudopodia
44. What is the health impact of the protozoan pathogen causing diseases known as Leishmaniasis?
A. It affects mainly the Liver and red blood cells
B. It affects mainly White blood cells, skin and intestine.
C. It affects mainly the genetic material of organisms
D. It affects mainly Blood and the brain

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45. Viruses are acellular particles which only reproduce inside living organisms. What appropriate steps they
follow to multiply inside living organisms?
A. Adsorption→Penetration → Maturation → Synthesis →Release
B. Adsorption→ Synthesis → Penetration →Maturation→Release
C. Adsorption→Penetration →Synthesis→Maturation→Release
D. Penetration → Adsorption →Synthesis→Maturation→Release

The following figure shows an enveloped viral structure.

46. The structure of the virus represented by letter “C” is known as

A. Protein capsid B. Lipid envelope C. Envelop protein spike D. Genetic material
47. What is the aim of a medical laboratory technician taking stool sample from his diseased clients?
A. to inoculate pathogens into the patients.
B. to cultivate the obtained pathogen in healthy individuals
C. to isolate and examine pathogens from the patients.
D. to isolate and remove normal microbiota from the patients.
48. What is the mode of transmission of respiratory diseases that affect the air ways of the lung?
A. Droplet infection C. eating contaminated food
B. Direct contact D. Animal vectors
49. Suppose you want to drink cow milk. Which of the following physical methods of sterilization do you
employ to make the milk safe to drink?
A. Dry heat sterilization C. Pasteurization
B. Hot air oven D. Incineration
50. What benefit do animals, including humans, obtain from the process of photosynthesis?
A. oxygen and CO2 B. oxygen and glucose C. increased global warming D. Water

The End

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