SAFETY DATA SHEET Version 6.

13
Revision Date 11/20/2024
Print Date 11/21/2024

SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking

1.1 Product identifiers
Product name : Formic acid
Product Number : F0507
Brand : SIGALD
Index-No. : 607-001-00-0
CAS-No. : 64-18-6
1.2 Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
Identified uses : Laboratory chemicals, Synthesis of substances

Uses advised against : The product is being supplied under the TSCA R&D Exemption
(40 CFR Section 720.36). It is the recipient’s responsibility to
comply with the requirements of the R&D exemption. The
product may not be used for a non-exempt commercial purpose
under TSCA unless appropriate consent is granted in writing by
MilliporeSigma.

1.3 Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet

Company : Sigma-Aldrich Inc.
3050 SPRUCE ST
ST. LOUIS MO 63103
UNITED STATES
Telephone : +1 314 771-5765
Fax : +1 800 325-5052
1.4 Emergency telephone
Emergency Phone # : 800-424-9300 CHEMTREC (USA) +1-703-
527-3887 CHEMTREC (International) 24
Hours/day; 7 Days/week

SECTION 2: Hazards identification

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
Flammable liquids (Category 3), H226
Acute toxicity, Oral (Category 4), H302
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 Acute toxicity, Inhalation (Category 3), H331
Skin corrosion (Category 1A), H314
Serious eye damage (Category 1), H318
For the full text of the H-Statements mentioned in this Section, see Section 16.
2.2 GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
Pictogram

Signal Word Danger

Hazard Statements
H226 Flammable liquid and vapor.
H302 Harmful if swallowed.
H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
H331 Toxic if inhaled.
Precautionary Statements
P210 Keep away from heat/ sparks/ open flames/ hot surfaces. No
smoking.
P233 Keep container tightly closed.
P240 Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241 Use explosion-proof electrical/ ventilating/ lighting/ equipment.
P242 Use only non-sparking tools.
P243 Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P261 Avoid breathing mist or vapors.
P264 Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P280 Wear protective gloves/ protective clothing/ eye protection/ face
protection.
P301 + P312 + P330 IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/ doctor if you feel
unwell. Rinse mouth.
P301 + P330 + P331 IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
P303 + P361 + P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated
clothing. Rinse skin with water/ shower.
P304 + P340 + P310 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable
for breathing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER/ doctor.
P305 + P351 + P338 + IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
P310 Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue
rinsing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER/ doctor.
P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P370 + P378 In case of fire: Use dry sand, dry chemical or alcohol-resistant
foam to extinguish.
P403 + P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P403 + P235 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P405 Store locked up.
P501 Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal
plant.

2.3 Hazards not otherwise classified (HNOC) or not covered by GHS

Corrosive to the respiratory tract.

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SECTION 3: Composition/information on ingredients
3.1 Substances
Formula : CH2O2
Molecular weight : 46.03 g/mol
CAS-No. : 64-18-6
EC-No. : 200-579-1
Index-No. : 607-001-00-0
Component Classification Concentration
Formic acid
Flam. Liq. 3; Acute Tox. 4; <= 100 %
Acute Tox. 3; Skin Corr.
1A; Eye Dam. 1; H226,
H302, H331, H314, H318
Concentration limits:
> 78.5 %: Acute Tox. 3,
H331; 75 - 78.5 %: Acute
Tox. 4, H332; > 75 %: ,
EUH071; >= 90 %: Skin
Corr. 1A, H314; 10 - < 90
%: Skin Corr. 1B, H314; 2
- < 10 %: Skin Irrit. 2,
H315; 2 - < 10 %: Eye
Irrit. 2, H319;

For the full text of the H-Statements mentioned in this Section, see Section 16.

SECTION 4: First aid measures

4.1 Description of first-aid measures
General advice
First aiders need to protect themselves. Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor
in attendance.
If inhaled
After inhalation: fresh air. Immediately call in physician. If breathing stops: immediately
apply artificial respiration, if necessary also oxygen.
In case of skin contact
In case of skin contact: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with
water/ shower. Call a physician immediately.
In case of eye contact
After eye contact: rinse out with plenty of water. Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.

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 If swallowed
After swallowing: make victim drink water (two glasses at most), avoid vomiting (risk of
perforation). Pulmonary failure possible after aspiration of vomit. Call a physician
immediately. Do not attempt to neutralise.
4.2 Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
The most important known symptoms and effects are described in the labelling (see section
2.2) and/or in section 11
4.3 Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
No data available

SECTION 5: Firefighting measures

5.1 Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
Water Foam Carbon dioxide (CO2) Dry powder
Unsuitable extinguishing media
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
5.2 Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides
Combustible.
Vapors are heavier than air and may spread along floors.
Forms explosive mixtures with air at elevated temperatures.
Development of hazardous combustion gases or vapours possible in the event of fire.
5.3 Advice for firefighters
Stay in danger area only with self-contained breathing apparatus. Prevent skin contact by
keeping a safe distance or by wearing suitable protective clothing.
5.4 Further information
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water. Prevent fire extinguishing water
from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

SECTION 6: Accidental release measures

6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Advice for non-emergency personnel: Do not breathe vapors, aerosols. Avoid substance
contact. Ensure adequate ventilation. Keep away from heat and sources of ignition.
Evacuate the danger area, observe emergency procedures, consult an expert.
For personal protection see section 8.
6.2 Environmental precautions
Do not let product enter drains. Risk of explosion.
6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Cover drains. Collect, bind, and pump off spills. Observe possible material restrictions
(see sections 7 and 10). Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material (e.g.
Chemizorb®). Dispose of properly. Clean up affected area.

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6.4 Reference to other sections
For disposal see section 13.

SECTION 7: Handling and storage

7.1 Precautions for safe handling
Advice on safe handling
Work under hood. Do not inhale substance/mixture. Avoid generation of vapours/aerosols.
Advice on protection against fire and explosion
Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces and sources of ignition.Take precautionary
measures against static discharge.
Hygiene measures
Immediately change contaminated clothing. Apply preventive skin protection. Wash hands
and face after working with substance.
For precautions see section 2.2.
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Storage conditions
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Keep away from heat and
sources of ignition. Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized
persons.

Vent periodically. Handle and open container with care. Hygroscopic. Refrigerate before
opening.
Storage class
Storage class (TRGS 510): 3: Flammable liquids
7.3 Specific end use(s)
Apart from the uses mentioned in section 1.2 no other specific uses are stipulated

SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection

8.1 Control parameters
Ingredients with workplace control parameters

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 Component CAS-No. Value Control Basis
parameters
Formic acid 64-18-6 TWA 5 ppm USA. ACGIH Threshold Limit
Values (TLV)
TWA 5 ppm USA. NIOSH Recommended
9 mg/m3 Exposure Limits
TWA 5 ppm USA. Occupational Exposure
9 mg/m3 Limits (OSHA) - Table Z-1
Limits for Air Contaminants
STEL 10 ppm California permissible exposure
19 mg/m3 limits for chemical
contaminants (Title 8, Article
107)
PEL 5 ppm California permissible exposure
9 mg/m3 limits for chemical
contaminants (Title 8, Article
107)
8.2 Exposure controls
Appropriate engineering controls
Immediately change contaminated clothing. Apply preventive skin protection. Wash
hands and face after working with substance.
Personal protective equipment
Eye/face protection
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate
government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU). Tightly fitting safety
goggles
Skin protection
Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact
with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with
applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.
Full contact
Material: Nature latex/chloroprene
Minimum layer thickness: 0.6 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Lapren® (KCL 706 / Aldrich Z677558, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nature latex/chloroprene
Minimum layer thickness: 0.6 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Lapren® (KCL 706 / Aldrich Z677558, Size M)
data source: KCL GmbH, D-36124 Eichenzell, phone +49 (0)6659 87300, e-mail
sales@kcl.de, test method: EN374
If used in solution, or mixed with other substances, and under conditions which
differ from EN 374, contact the supplier of the EC approved gloves. This
recommendation is advisory only and must be evaluated by an industrial hygienist
and safety officer familiar with the specific situation of anticipated use by our

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 customers. It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use
scenario.
Body Protection
Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing.
Respiratory protection
Recommended Filter type: Filter E-(P3)
The entrepeneur has to ensure that maintenance, cleaning and testing of respiratory
protective devices are carried out according to the instructions of the producer.
These measures have to be properly documented.
required when vapours/aerosols are generated. Our recommendations on filtering
respiratory protection are based on the following standards: DIN EN 143, DIN 14387
and other accompanying standards relating to the used respiratory protection
system.
Control of environmental exposure
Do not let product enter drains. Risk of explosion.

SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties

9.1 Information on basic physical and chemical properties
a) Appearance Form: liquid
Color: colorless
b) Odor stinging
c) Odor Threshold 0.02 ppm
d) pH 2.2 at 10 g/l at 20 °C (68 °F)
e) Melting Melting point/ range: 8.2 - 8.4 °C (46.8 - 47.1 °F) - lit.
point/freezing point
f) Initial boiling point 100 - 101 °C 212 - 214 °F - lit.
and boiling range
g) Flash point 49.5 °C (121.1 °F) - closed cup - Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008,
Annex, A.9
h) Evaporation rate No data available
i) Flammability (solid, No data available
gas)
j) Upper/lower Upper explosion limit: 38 %(V)
flammability or Lower explosion limit: 18 %(V)
explosive limits
k) Vapor pressure 171 hPa at 50 °C (122 °F) - OECD Test Guideline 104
l) Vapor density 1.59 - (Air = 1.0)
m) Density 1.22 g/cm3 at 25 °C (77 °F) - lit.
Relative density 1.2220 °C - OECD Test Guideline 109
n) Water solubility miscible in all proportions, (experimental)
o) Partition coefficient: log Pow: -2.1 at 23 °C (73 °F) - OECD Test Guideline 107 -
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 n-octanol/water Bioaccumulation is not expected.
p) Autoignition 528 °C (982 °F) at 1,008 hPa - Tested according to Directive
temperature 92/69/EEC.
q) Decomposition 350 °C (662 °F) -
temperature
r) Viscosity 1.47 mm2/s at 20 °C (68 °F) - OECD Test Guideline 114 - 1.02
mm2/s at 40 °C (104 °F) - OECD Test Guideline 114 -
s) Explosive properties Not classified as explosive.
t) Oxidizing properties none
9.2 Other safety information
Surface tension 71.5 mN/m at 1g/l at 20 °C (68 °F) - OECD Test Guideline 115
Dissociation constant 3.7 at 20 °C (68 °F) - OECD Test Guideline 112
Relative vapor 1.59 - (Air = 1.0)
density

SECTION 10: Stability and reactivity

10.1 Reactivity
Vapor/air-mixtures are explosive at intense warming.
10.2 Chemical stability
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
Contains the following stabilizer(s):
water (5 %)
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions
Risk of ignition or formation of inflammable gases or vapours with:
Aluminum
Risk of explosion with:
organic nitro compounds
sodium hypochlorite
hydrogen peroxide
furfuryl alcohol
Generates dangerous gases or fumes in contact with:
alkalines
Strong oxidizing agents
sulfuric acid
nonmetallic oxides
metal catalysts
Oxides of phosphorus
Nitric acid
nitrates
Exothermic reaction with:
alkaline earth hydroxides
alkali hydroxides
bases
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 Amines

10.4 Conditions to avoid

Heating.
10.5 Incompatible materials
No data available
10.6 Hazardous decomposition products
In the event of fire: see section 5

SECTION 11: Toxicological information

11.1 Information on toxicological effects
Acute toxicity
LD50 Oral - Rat - male and female - 730 mg/kg
(OECD Test Guideline 401)
LC50 Inhalation - Rat - male and female - 4 h - 7.85 mg/l - vapor

(OECD Test Guideline 403)

Dermal: No data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
Skin - Rabbit
Result: Causes severe burns.
(OECD Test Guideline 404)
Remarks: Classified according to Regulation (EU) 1272/2008, Annex VI (Table 3.1/3.2)
Serious eye damage/eye irritation
Remarks: Causes serious eye damage.
conjunctivitis
Lacrimal irritation due to vapours.
Respiratory or skin sensitization
Buehler Test - Guinea pig
Result: negative
(OECD Test Guideline 406)
Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause allergic reactions in certain sensitive
individuals.
Germ cell mutagenicity
Test Type: Ames test
Test system: Salmonella typhimurium
Metabolic activation: with and without metabolic activation
Method: OECD Test Guideline 471
Result: negative
Test Type: sister chromatid exchange assay
Test system: Chinese hamster lung cells
Metabolic activation: with and without metabolic activation
Method: OECD Test Guideline 479
Result: negative
Test Type: sister chromatid exchange assay

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 Test system: Human lymphocytes
Metabolic activation: without metabolic activation
Method: OECD Test Guideline 479
Result: negative
Test Type: In vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test
Test system: Chinese hamster ovary cells
Metabolic activation: with and without metabolic activation
Method: OECD Test Guideline 476
Result: negative
Test Type: Chromosome aberration test in vitro
Test system: Chinese hamster ovary cells
Metabolic activation: with and without metabolic activation
Method: OECD Test Guideline 473
Result: negative

Test Type: gene mutation test

Species: Drosophila melanogaster

Application Route: Oral

Method: OECD Test Guideline 477
Result: negative
Carcinogenicity
IARC: No ingredient of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is
identified as probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC.
NTP: No ingredient of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is
identified as a known or anticipated carcinogen by NTP.
OSHA: No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is
on OSHA’s list of regulated carcinogens.
Reproductive toxicity
No data available
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
Corrosive to the respiratory tract.
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure
No data available
Aspiration hazard
No data available
11.2 Additional Information
Repeated dose toxicity - Rat - male and female - Oral - 52 Weeks - NOAEL (No observed
adverse effect level) - 400 mg/kg - LOAEL (Lowest observed adverse effect level) - 2,000
mg/kg
Remarks: (in analogy to similar products)

RTECS: LQ4900000
Material is extremely destructive to tissue of the mucous membranes and upper respiratory
tract, eyes, and skin., spasm, inflammation and edema of the larynx, spasm, inflammation
and edema of the bronchi, pneumonitis, pulmonary edema, burning sensation, Cough,
wheezing, laryngitis, Shortness of breath, Headache, Nausea, Vomiting
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 To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not
been thoroughly investigated.
Kidney - Irregularities - Based on Human Evidence

Kidney - Irregularities - Based on Human Evidence

SECTION 12: Ecological information

12.1 Toxicity
Toxicity to fish static test LC50 - Danio rerio (zebra fish) - 130 mg/l - 96 h
(OECD Test Guideline 203)
Remarks: The value is given in analogy to the following substances:
ammonium formate

Toxicity to daphnia static test EC50 - Daphnia magna (Water flea) - 365 mg/l - 48 h
and other aquatic (OECD Test Guideline 202)
invertebrates Remarks: The value is given in analogy to the following substances:
ammonium formate

Toxicity to algae static test ErC50 - Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata - 1,240 mg/l - 72

h
(OECD Test Guideline 201)
Remarks: The value is given in analogy to the following substances:
ammonium formate

Toxicity to bacteria static test NOEC - activated sludge - 72 mg/l - 13 d

Remarks: (ECHA)

Toxicity to daphnia semi-static test NOEC - Daphnia magna (Water flea) - >= 100 mg/l
and other aquatic - 21 d
invertebrates(Chronic (OECD Test Guideline 211)
toxicity)
12.2 Persistence and degradability
Biodegradability aerobic - Exposure time 14 d
Result: 100 % - Readily biodegradable.
(OECD Test Guideline 301C)
Biochemical Oxygen 86 mg/g
Demand (BOD) Remarks: (External MSDS)
Ratio BOD/ThBOD 8.60 %
12.3 Bioaccumulative potential
Bioaccumulation is unlikely.
Does not significantly accumulate in organisms.
12.4 Mobility in soil
No data available
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12.5 Results of PBT and vPvB assessment
PBT/vPvB assessment not available as chemical safety assessment not required/not
conducted
12.6 Endocrine disrupting properties
No data available
12.7 Other adverse effects

SECTION 13: Disposal considerations

13.1 Waste treatment methods
Product
Waste material must be disposed of in accordance with the national and local regulations.
Leave chemicals in original containers. No mixing with other waste. Handle uncleaned
containers like the product itself.

SECTION 14: Transport information

DOT (US)
UN number: 1779 Class: 8 (3) Packing group: II
Proper shipping name: Formic acid
Reportable Quantity (RQ): 5000 lbs
Poison Inhalation Hazard: No

IMDG
UN number: 1779 Class: 8 (3) Packing group: II EMS-No: F-E, S-C
Proper shipping name: FORMIC ACID

IATA
UN number: 1779 Class: 8 (3) Packing group: II
Proper shipping name: Formic acid

SECTION 15: Regulatory information

CERCLA Reportable Quantity
Components CAS-No. Component Calculated product
RQ (lbs) RQ (lbs)
Formic acid 64-18-6 5000 5000
SARA 304 Extremely Hazardous Substances Reportable Quantity
This material does not contain any components with a section 304 EHS RQ.
SARA 302 Extremely Hazardous Substances Threshold Planning Quantity
This material does not contain any components with a section 302 EHS TPQ.
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 SARA 311/312 : Fire Hazard
Hazards Acute Health Hazard
Chronic Health Hazard

SARA 313 : The following components are subject to reporting

levels established by SARA Title III, Section 313:

Formic acid 64-18-6 >= 90 - <= 100 %

Clean Air Act

This product neither contains, nor was manufactured with a Class I or Class II ODS as
defined by the U.S. Clean Air Act Section 602 (40 CFR 82, Subpt. A, App.A + B).
This product does not contain any hazardous air pollutants (HAP), as defined by the U.S.
Clean Air Act Section 112 (40 CFR 61).
This product does not contain any chemicals listed under the U.S. Clean Air Act Section
112(r) for Accidental Release Prevention (40 CFR 68.130, Subpart F).
The following chemical(s) are listed under the U.S. Clean Air Act Section 111 SOCMI
Intermediate or Final VOC's (40 CFR 60.489):
Formic acid 64-18-6 >= 90 - <= 100 %
Clean Water Act
The following Hazardous Substances are listed under the U.S. CleanWater Act, Section 311,
Table 116.4A:
Formic acid 64-18-6 >= 90 - <= 100 %
The following Hazardous Chemicals are listed under the U.S. CleanWater Act, Section 311,
Table 117.3:
Formic acid 64-18-6 >= 90 - <= 100 %
This product does not contain any toxic pollutants listed under the U.S. Clean Water Act
Section 307
This product does not contain any priority pollutants related to the U.S. Clean Water Act
US State Regulations
Massachusetts Right To Know
Formic acid 64-18-6
water 7732-18-5
Pennsylvania Right To Know
Formic acid 64-18-6
Maine Chemicals of High Concern
water 7732-18-5
Vermont Chemicals of High Concern
water 7732-18-5
Washington Chemicals of High Concern
water 7732-18-5
The ingredients of this product are reported in the following inventories:
TSCA : All substances listed as active on the TSCA inventory

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 TSCA list
No substances are subject to a Significant New Use Rule.

No substances are subject to TSCA 12(b) export notification requirements.

SECTION 16: Other information

Further information
The information is believed to be correct but is not exhaustive and will be used solely as
a guideline, which is based on current knowledge of the chemical substance or mixture
and is applicable to appropriate safety precautions for the product. It does not represent
any guarantee of the properties of the product. Sigma-Aldrich Corporation and its
Affiliates shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact
with the above product. See www.sigma-aldrich.com and/or the reverse side of invoice
or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale.
Copyright 2020 Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC. License granted to make unlimited paper copies
for internal use only.
The branding on the header and/or footer of this document may temporarily not visually
match the product purchased as we transition our branding. However, all of the
information in the document regarding the product remains unchanged and matches the
product ordered. For further information please contact mlsbranding@sial.com.
Version: 6.13 Revision Date: 11/20/2024 Print Date: 11/21/2024

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