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Free Study Material for CBSE Junior Assistant Exam

Topic- School Education

School education plays a crucial role in shaping the future of students and ensuring their overall development. It provides a
structured learning environment where children acquire knowledge, develop critical thinking skills, and prepare for future
academic and career opportunities.
The CBSE Junior Assistant Exam 2025 requires aspirants to have a deep understanding of the structure of school education,
examination administration, and the role of different educational policies. By understanding these aspects in detail, aspirants
will be better equipped to handle questions related to school education in the exam.

1. Structure of School Education

School education in India is divided into different stages to ensure structured learning and overall development.

Primary Education (Class 1-5)

● Focuses on building basic literacy, numeracy, and social skills.
● Subjects include Language, Mathematics, and Environmental Studies.
● Activity-based learning is encouraged for better understanding.
● Develops creativity and foundational cognitive skills.
Secondary Education (Class 6-10)
● Introduces core subjects like Science, Social Science, and Mathematics.
● Enhances analytical and logical thinking.
● Prepares students for board examinations.
● Includes extracurricular activities for holistic development.

Higher Secondary Education (Class 11-12)

● Students can choose Science, Commerce, or Humanities.
● Career-oriented subjects are introduced.
● Focuses on project-based learning and competitive exam preparation.
● Develops specialized knowledge and practical applications.

2. Curriculum
● Designed by CBSE, ICSE, and State Boards to maintain standardization.
● Includes core subjects and co-curricular activities.
● Focuses on skill-based learning, critical thinking, and problem-solving.
● Special emphasis on environmental education, health education, and life skills.
● Regular updates to include modern teaching techniques and digital education.

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3. Teaching Methods
Traditional Teaching
● Textbook-based and lecture-oriented learning.
● Direct teacher-student interaction.

Interactive Learning
● Group discussions, storytelling, and role plays.
● Enhances communication and critical thinking skills.

Technology-Enabled Learning
● Use of smart classes, digital assessments, and e-learning.
● Personalized learning experiences with AI tools.

Experiential Learning
● Hands-on activities, projects, and practical applications.
● Encourages deeper understanding of concepts.

Inclusive Education
● Special teaching methods for students with disabilities.
● Adaptive learning techniques for diverse needs.

Blended Learning
● Combination of online and offline teaching methods.
● Flexible and student-centric learning approach.

Competency-Based Education (CBE)

● Focuses on mastery of skills rather than rote memorization.
● Helps students develop real-world problem-solving abilities.

4. Educational Policies and Reforms

National Education Policy (NEP) 2020
● Introduces a new 5+3+3+4 school structure.
● Promotes multidisciplinary education and flexible learning paths.
● Encourages use of mother tongue as the medium of instruction.
● Vocational education integrated from early stages.
● Coding, computational thinking, and digital literacy introduced early.

Right to Education (RTE) Act, 2009

● Ensures free and compulsory education for children aged 6-14 years.
● Mandates proper infrastructure, trained teachers, and fair assessment methods.

Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE)

● Focuses on regular assessments instead of one-time exams.
● Includes scholastic (academic) and co-scholastic (extracurricular) activities.
● Encourages periodic tests that help in progressive learning.

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5. Examination Boards
Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE)
● National-level board that conducts Class 10 and 12 board exams.
● Uses a 9-point grading system for evaluation.
● Follows a structured and standardized syllabus.

Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE)

● Conducted by CISCE (Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations).
● More detailed syllabus emphasizing analytical skills.

State Boards
● Different for each state with region-specific curricula.
● Conducts Class 10 and 12 board exams at the state level.
● Exams are based on local educational policies.

Role in Student Assessment and Certification

● Examination boards ensure fair and standardized assessments.
● Certify students based on their academic performance.
● Set guidelines to maintain examination integrity.
● Provide equal opportunities for all students through transparent evaluation.

6. Examination Administration
Exam Management
● Conducting exams in schools and external centers.
● Coordination between schools, examination boards, and authorities.
● Strict security measures to prevent malpractices.
● Use of technology-driven monitoring for fair examinations.

Nodal Centre
● A centrally located school responsible for examination administration.
● Provides facilities for evaluation and result processing.
● Covers a neighborhood of 10 schools for accessibility.

Paper Setting and Evaluation

● Question papers are prepared considering syllabus guidelines.
● Different difficulty levels included for balanced assessment.
● Centralized and digital evaluation methods to ensure accuracy.

Result Declaration
● Compilation of marks and final result preparation.
● Online and offline announcement of results.
● Digital mark sheets are provided for easy access.
● Rechecking and verification options available for students.

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7. Role of Schools in Student Learning
● Schools provide structured education and disciplined learning environments.
● Encourage extracurricular activities for personality development.
● Help students build social, emotional, and academic skills.
● Act as a bridge between students and higher education/career opportunities.

8. Special Provisions for Students with Disabilities

● Visually impaired students and those covered under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 are required
to study only one compulsory language instead of two.
● Special accommodations, including extra time and assistive technology, are provided during exams.

9. Evaluation and Grading System

● CBSE follows a 9-point grading system for scholastic subjects.
● Formative and summative assessments ensure comprehensive student evaluation.
● Assignments, homework, and classwork are assessed through portfolios, which track student progress over time.

Test Your Knowledge

Q.1 What is a ‘Nodal Centre’?
1. It is a school with all facilities to conduct CBSE board examinations and is easily accessible to students
2. .It is a model school that best demonstrates CBSE methods
3. It is a CBSE school in Delhi
4. It is a school centrally located providing all facilities for evaluation and is located in the neighborhood of 10 schools
Answer- “D”
Explanation-
A Nodal Centre is a centrally located educational institution that serves as an evaluation and coordination hub for academic
activities, especially during examinations. These centres are typically selected based on their geographical location to ensure
accessibility for multiple schools in the vicinity.
In the case of CBSE (Central Board of Secondary Education), nodal centres are designated during board examinations
to support nearby schools by serving as a hub for receiving and sending exam papers, providing space for evaluation, and
assisting with other essential processes. These centres generally cater to a cluster of at least 10 schools, making them a key
component of the examination and assessment system.
Information Booster:
1. Purpose of Nodal Centres – They ensure systematic handling of academic evaluations and secure distribution of
examination materials.
2. Role in Examinations – They serve as a collection and dispatch point for board exam answer sheets.
3. Location Selection – Centrally chosen to benefit multiple schools within a specific region.
4. Security and Confidentiality – They maintain strict protocols to ensure question paper security and prevent
leakage.
5. Impact on Examinations – Nodal Centres streamline logistics, ensuring that exams are conducted smoothly
without disruptions.
6. CBSE and Other Boards – Many examination boards, including CBSE, ICSE, and state boards, use the Nodal
Centre system.
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Q.2 Which domain of education is related to attitudes and values?
1. Cognitive Domain
2. Psychomotor Domain
3. Neuropsychological Domain
4. Affective Domain
Answer- “D”
Explanation-
The Affective Domain is the area of education that deals with emotions, values, attitudes, and feelings. It was introduced
by Benjamin Bloom and his colleagues in 1956 as part of Bloom's Taxonomy. The affective domain focuses on how
learners internalize and express their values and beliefs. It includes five hierarchical levels:
1. Receiving – Awareness and willingness to listen.
2. Responding – Active participation and reaction to stimuli.
3. Valuing – Acceptance and commitment to certain values.
4. Organization – Integrating values into a consistent belief system.
5. Characterization – Acting consistently with deeply held values.
Information Booster:
• Developing the affective domain helps in improving interpersonal relationships and ethical decision-making.
• The affective domain is important for motivation and engagement in learning.
• Teachers can develop affective learning through storytelling, role-playing, and ethical debates.
• Social and emotional learning (SEL) programs emphasize affective learning for holistic education.
• The Affective Filter Hypothesis by Krashen states that emotional states affect language learning.
• Assessment in the affective domain includes observation, self-reflection journals, and attitude scales.

Q.3 How many languages are compulsory for visually impaired students and for the candidates with disabilities as
defined in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016?
1. 2
2. depends on the student
3. 1
4. 3
Answer- “C”
Explanation-
As per the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, and the CBSE guidelines, visually impaired students and students
with disabilities are required to study only one compulsory language, as opposed to the standard requirement of two or
more languages for other students.
This provision ensures inclusivity and accessibility in education by reducing the academic burden on students with
disabilities, particularly those who face challenges in learning multiple languages due to visual impairment, cognitive
disabilities, or other challenges recognized under the Act.
For students with disabilities, alternative subjects may be offered in place of the second language to accommodate their
specific learning needs. These adjustments align with the principle of equal opportunities in education and ensure that
they receive the necessary support to excel academically without undue hardship.
Thus, the correct answer is (c) 1 language.

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Information Booster:
1. Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 – A law aimed at protecting and promoting the rights of persons
with disabilities.
2. CBSE Guidelines – CBSE allows students with disabilities to study only one language instead of two.
3. Alternative Subjects – In place of the second language, students may opt for subjects like music, painting, or
computer applications.
4. Inclusivity in Education – These changes ensure that all students, regardless of their disabilities, have access to a
fair and manageable curriculum.
5. Exemption for Visually Impaired Students – They are often given additional time and assistance in exams.
6. Language Flexibility – The choice of the single compulsory language is usually determined by the student’s
preference or medium of instruction.

Q.4 What is the name of the test meant for fore-telling, prediction and forecast designed to
predict the student's ability or readiness to undertake the study?
1. Norm-reference test
2. Standardised test
3. Prognostic test
4. .Aptitude test
Answer- “C”
Explanation-
A Prognostic Test is designed to predict a student's ability or readiness to undertake a particular study or educational
program. These tests are predictive assessments used to determine future performance based on current skills,
knowledge, and aptitude.
Prognostic tests help educators identify students who may require additional support or special programs before
beginning a course or academic track. Their predictive nature makes them useful for designing tailored learning experiences.
Thus, the correct answer is (c) Prognostic Test.
Information Booster:
1. Purpose – Prognostic tests predict a student’s future performance in academics or a specific field.
2. Use in Education – Used in admissions, subject placement, and assessing readiness for advanced studies.
3. Difference from Diagnostic Tests – Diagnostic tests measure existing skills, while prognostic tests predict future
performance.
4. Examples – Entrance exams, SAT, GRE, and placement tests often have prognostic elements.
5. Role in Career Planning – Helps students and educators decide if additional preparation is needed before
choosing a field.
6. Data-Driven Predictions – These tests analyze patterns in cognitive ability, knowledge, and past performance
to forecast future outcomes.

Q.5 What is the analysis conducted by the teacher that helps students reach more precise and higher-level responses
called?
1. Evaluation
2. Remediation
3. Peace Education
4. Importance Clarification

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Answer- “B”
Explanation-
Remediation refers to instructional strategies designed to help students improve their understanding and correct their
learning difficulties. It involves targeted teaching interventions, feedback, and corrective measures to ensure that
students grasp concepts more accurately and achieve higher-level thinking. Teachers use remediation to clarify doubts,
reinforce prior learning, and support students in mastering difficult topics.
This process includes:
● Identifying misconceptions or gaps in student learning.
● Providing corrective instruction through explanations, additional exercises, or alternative teaching methods.
● Encouraging critical thinking and deeper understanding through guided questioning.
Information Booster:
● Remediation enhances student performance by addressing weaknesses.
● It is widely used in special education and differentiated learning.
● Teachers can employ visual aids, discussions, and feedback loops for remediation.
● Assessment-based remediation ensures targeted improvements.
● It plays a crucial role in personalized learning models.
● Technology-assisted remediation (like online learning tools) is widely used in modern education.

Q.6 In which year, the Board was given its present name 'Central Board of Secondary Education'?
1. 1952
2. 1953
3. 1954
4. 1955
Answer- “A”
Explanation-
The Board was reconstituted in 1952, and it was at this time that it was given its present name, the "Central Board of
Secondary Education" (CBSE). This change was implemented to bring uniformity in education across the country and to
centralize the administration of secondary and senior secondary education under one umbrella. The CBSE plays a crucial
role in setting curricula, conducting exams, and accrediting schools.
Information Booster
1. CBSE was initially established in 1929 as the "Board of High School and Intermediate Education, Rajputana."
2. The reconstitution and renaming in 1952 aimed to streamline education standards across India.
3. CBSE is one of the largest education boards in India, governing numerous schools nationally and internationally.
4. The CBSE is known for introducing reforms in education, such as the Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation
(CCE) system.
5. It conducts major national-level exams like the CBSE Class X and XII board exams and competitive exams like
JEE Main.

Q.7 ______ would include classwork and homework assignments that would help evaluate learner’s progress.
1. Teachers Diary
2. Class registers
3. Anectodal records
4. Portfolios

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Answer- “D”
Explanation-
A portfolio is a purposeful collection of student work that showcases their learning progress, achievements, and skills over
time. It includes classwork, homework, projects, and other assignments, helping teachers evaluate a learner’s academic
growth. Portfolios emphasize a continuous assessment approach and are considered a formative assessment tool. They
enable personalized feedback, fostering better understanding and self-reflection in students.
Information Booster
1. Portfolios provide a comprehensive view of a student’s progress rather than focusing solely on exam performance.
2. They encourage students to take ownership of their learning by compiling and reflecting on their work.
3. Teachers can use portfolios to identify learning gaps and design targeted interventions.
4. They are effective tools for showcasing creativity and practical applications of knowledge.
5. Portfolios are widely used in subjects that emphasize skill-based learning, such as arts, literature, and project-based
courses.

Q.8 According to CBSE Guidelines for Examination, these tests tend to follow a pattern, which is quite similar to the
final end of course examination, and have a gradually increasing portion of content.
1. Class tests
2. Periodic tests
3. Formative tests
4. None of the above
Answer- “B”
Explanation-
Periodic tests are conducted as part of the CBSE guidelines for continuous and comprehensive evaluation. These tests
follow a structured pattern, similar to the final end-of-course examinations, with an increasing portion of the syllabus as the
academic year progresses. Periodic tests are intended to provide students with regular practice, assess their understanding
of concepts, and familiarize them with the examination pattern. The gradual increment in content ensures that students are
prepared systematically for their final exams.
Information Booster
1. Periodic tests are an essential component of CBSE's internal assessment system.
2. They aim to promote consistent learning and reduce last-minute exam stress.
3. These tests help students and teachers identify strengths and weaknesses in specific subject areas.
4. Regular periodic tests improve students’ time management and writing skills for final exams.
5. The results of periodic tests contribute to the overall internal assessment score.

Q.9 Which one is a Salient Features of the CBSE Secondary School Curriculum 18-19?
1. enlisting general and specific teaching and assessment objectives
2. provide ample scope for physical, intellectual and social development of students
3. promote inclusive education by providing equal opportunities to all students
4. All of the above
Answer- “D”
Explanation-
All the mentioned points are salient features of the CBSE Secondary School Curriculum 2018-19. The curriculum
emphasizes clear teaching and assessment objectives to ensure consistent learning outcomes. It also aims to foster the
physical, intellectual, and social development of students, reflecting CBSE’s holistic approach to education. Additionally,

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the curriculum promotes inclusive education by creating equal learning opportunities for all students, regardless of their
background or abilities, ensuring every learner achieves their full potential.
Information Booster
1. CBSE's curriculum is designed to meet global educational standards while adapting to Indian needs.
2. It focuses on holistic development by balancing academics, co-curricular activities, and life skills.
3. Inclusivity is a major aspect, ensuring equitable opportunities for all students.
4. Assessment objectives align with promoting conceptual clarity, analytical skills, and creativity.
5. The curriculum incorporates life skills, value education, and health education for well-rounded growth.

Q.10 According to CBSE, marks and grades on the basis of _____ grading system Grades will be awarded in each
scholastic subject.
1. 5-point
2. 7-point
3. 9-point
4. 10-point
Answer- “C”
Explanation-
The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) uses the 9-point grading system for awarding grades in each scholastic
subject. This system is designed to reduce the pressure of marks and encourage holistic learning. Grades are assigned based
on the range of marks achieved by the students, and it emphasizes students' performance rather than their numerical scores.
Each grade corresponds to a specific grade point, with A1 being the highest and E2 indicating the lowest level of
achievement.
Information Booster:
1. The 9-point grading system reduces unhealthy competition among students.
2. Grades range from A1 to E2, with grade points from 10 to 4.
3. The grading system evaluates both scholastic and co-scholastic areas.
4. It focuses on Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE).
5. Grade thresholds vary annually depending on overall student performance.
6. The system promotes conceptual understanding rather than rote learning.

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