For Tv
b’
B
a’
A Y
b
X
a
a’
A
FV
b’
Y
B
TV a b
X
b’
True Length
b’ a’
B Ø
A B
Y
a’
Ø
A a b
b
X
a True Length
For Tv
b’
B
Y
a’ Ø
A
X
a T.V. b
For Tv
b’
B
a’
A Y
b
X
a
Apparent Inclinations
Line inclined to both the HP and VP
Draw the projections of a line AB, 100 mm long inclined at 30o to HP and 45o to VP. The end A of the
line is 20 mm above HP and 25 mm infront of VP. The line slopes upward forward right from A to B.
A line AB 70 mm has its end A 15 mm in front of VP and 20 mm above HP and the
other end B is 60 mm in front of VP and 50 mm above HP. Draw projections of the line
and find the inclinations of the line with HP and VP.
TL – 70
A – 15 infront
-- 20 above
B – 60 infront
-- 50 above
θ-?
Ф-?
A line PQ has its end P 15 mm above HP and 10 mm in front of VP. The end Q is 55 mm
above HP, and line is inclined at 30o to HP. The distance between the end projectors of
the line when measured parallel to the line of intersection of HP and VP is 50 mm.
Draw projections of the line and find the inclination of the line with VP.
The front view of a line AB, 90 mm long is inclined at 45o to the XY line. Its front view
measures 65 mm long. The end A of the line is 15 mm above HP and is in VP.
Draw the projections of the line and find its inclinations with HP and VP.
The front view of a line AB measuring 100 mm long is 60 mm and its top view is
90 mm long. Its end A is 30 mm infront of both the planes. Draw the projections
and find its inclinations with the reference planes.
11. The mid point of a line AB is 60 mm above HP and 50 mm in front of VP. The line
measures 80 mm and is inclined at 30o to HP and 45o to VP. Draw its projections.
The front view of a line is 80 mm in length and makes 40o with the XY line. Its
mid point C is 60 mm infront of VP and 60 mm above HP. The end A is 30 mm
infront of VP and nearer to HP. Draw the top and front views of the line.
Determine true length and inclinations of the line with the reference planes.
b
The top view of a 75 mm long line CD measures 50 mm. The mid point of the line is
60 mm infront of VP and 75 mm above HP. The point D is 40 mm infront of VP.
Draw the projections and find its inclinations with HP and VP.
m’
m
The front view of a line AB 125 mm long measures 85 mm and its top view measures
100 mm. The mid point M being 65 mm from both the planes. Draw the projections
of the line AB and find the inclinations of the line with HP and VP.
A line has one end in HP and the other end in VP. It is inclined at 45o to HP and 30o to VP.
Length of the line is 100 mm. Draw the three views of the line and find the shortest
distance between the line AB and the line of intersection of planes of projection.
b2
a2
One end of a pole 3 meter long rests against a wall and the other on the top of a box.
The box is 1 meter high. The pole makes 40o with the top of the box and 25o with the
wall. Draw the projections and find the height of the end of the pole which rests against
the wall. Take a scale of 1:50.
A room is 6m x 5m x 3.5m high. An object is placed 1.2m above the ground
and in the center of the room. Determine graphically its distance from one of
the corners between the roof and the adjacent walls. Select a scale of 1:50.
A room is 5m x 4m x 3m high. Determine graphically the
length of the diagonal of the space choosing a suitable scale.
A straight road going uphill from a point A due east to an another point B,
is 4 km long and has a slope of 15o. Another straight road from B, due
30o East of North, to a point C is also 4 km long but is on a level
ground. Determine the length and slope of the straight road joining
the points A and C. Take a scale of 1 cm = 0.4 km.
A flag post O is 9 m high. It is supported by three guy wires. The top ends of the wires are tied to the
flag post and their lower ends are tied to the top of the three pegs, A, B and C fixed to the ground.
The pegs, A, B and C are 0.5 m, 0.75 m and 1 m high respectively. In the top view three guy wires
appear to be at 120o to each other and the lengths of their top views are oa = 3 m, ob = 4 m and
oc = 5 m. Draw the projections of the guy wires and the pegs, and determine the true lengths of
the guy wires and the true inclinations they make with the ground. Adopt a scale of 1 : 100.
