Administratively, the division is made of 22 parishes –
SANITATION of which 17 have informal settlements. The division is
politically headed by a Mayor and an Urban council
PROFILE – whilst the technical team is headed by the Town Clerk.
NAKAWA
DIVISION NAKAWA
Increasing Access to Improved
Sanitation in Kampala Capital City
Correspondence contacts: Directorate of Public Health &
Environment, KCCA, #7010 Kla; email: ankurunziza@kcca.go.ug,
bkwebiha@kcca.go.ug
Introduction
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 6.2 aims to
achieve universal access to adequate and sustainable Nakawa Division has a population of 318,447 (UBOS,
sanitation and hygiene for all and to end open
2014), 51% of whom are women and 84,793
defecation. This goal is enshrined in the National households.
Development Plan II that aims to achieve Uganda’s
2040 Vision by propelling the nation to middle income
status by 2030. Key Information
Data from the Mapping exercise was analysed as per
In 2017, KCCA conducted a CityWide Sanitation the WHO/JMP (JMP, 2017) Sanitation service levels.
Mapping exercise and developed baselines for the city.
The information presented in this fact sheet is based Access to Sanitation
on analysis done on the data obtained during the The Mapping exercise shows that access to Sanitation
mapping exercise. Citywide and in Nakawa Division is at 99.7%. This
implies that 0.3% of the population is still practicing
Open Defecation sometimes referred to as flying
toilets.
Access to Sanitation % Distribution by
Property Type(By
99.7% Population)
66.6%
22.6%
9.6%
0.3% 0.3% 1.0%
Institutional
Sanitation Facility
Sanitation Facility
Commercial
Industrial
Residential
Public
No Access to a
Access to a
Figure 1: Mapping of On-site Sanitation in Nakawa Division
Nakawa Division Profile
Nakawa Division, located in the eastern part of
Kampala City, Nakawa Division lies in the eastern part
of the city, bordering Kira Town to the east, Wakiso Figure 2: Access to Sanitation in Kawempe Division
District to the north, Kawempe Division to the north-
west, Kampala Central Division to the west, Makindye
Division across Murchison Bay to the south-west
and Lake Victoria to the south.
SANITATION PROFILE – NAKAWA DIVISION
Access to Sewerage Services • The sanitation technology types in these parishes
include;
• In terms of population, 10% of the population in
Nakawa Division access sewerage services
63%
• Parishes in Nakawa Division are connected to
the sewer are Banda, Bugolobi, Butabika, ITEK, 45.0%
38% 36.8%
Kiswa, Mbuya II and Naguru I&II
15.1%
0.0% 0.3% 3.0%
Composting Toilet
Unlined Pit Latrines
Improved Sanitation
No Facility
Septic Tanks
Sewered Connected
Improved Sanitation
Lined Pit Latrine
(Not Shared)
(All)
Figure 4: Sanitation Technology Types in Sewered and Non/Partially
Sewered Parishes in Nakawa Division (By Population)
The majority of the population in the Non-
sewered (Informal Settlements) rely on non-
sewered sanitation technologies and services
(96.9%)
Access to Improved Sanitation
• 63% of the population in Nakawa Division
accesses an improved sanitation facility i.e. a
facility designed to hygienically separate excreta
from human contact.
Sewered Parishes
• Lined sanitation facilities are the minimum
Non / Partially Sewered Parishes standard for improved sanitation (KCCA, 2017).
Figure 3: Sewered and Non/ Partially Sewered Parishes in Nakawa
Division
Access to Non Sewered Sanitation Services
• Non Sewered Sanitation refers to a sanitation
system that is not connected to a networked
sewer system and that collects, conveys, and
ensures that the waste is fully treated to allow
for safe reuse or disposal (IWA 24:2016).
• 73% of the parishes in Nakawa division access
Non sewered services.
• These non sewered parishes are mainly Figure 5: Lined facility under construction
constituted by Informal Settlements.
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SANITATION PROFILE – NAKAWA DIVISION
Access to Safely Managed and Basic Access to Limited Sanitation or Shared
Sanitation Sanitation
Safely managed sanitation refers to improved • Limited sanitation refers to improved sanitation
sanitation facilities that are not shared and whose facilities that are shared with other households.
waste is either; i) safely treated on-site, ii) temporarily • 25% of the population in Nakawa Division access
stored and safely transported to treatment off-site or limited sanitation. This figure doubles when
iii) transported by sewer to treatment off-site sewered parishes are discounted to make it the
biggest sanitation service category in the non-
sewered parishes i.e. more households share in
non-sewered parishes.
The majority of households and population in
non-sewered parishes (50%), share sanitation
facilities.
Figure 6: Safe Emptying of a lined toilet
Nakawa -Sanitation Levels of
Service 2017
13% Safely
Managed
25% Basic
Limited
25%
Unimproved Figure 8: Community toilet at Luzira
Unimproved Sanitation
37% Open
Defecation • Unimproved sanitation refers to facilities that do
0% not hygienically separate excreta from human
contact e.g. unlined pit latrines, pit latrines
Figure 7: Mapped Sanitation Service Levels in Nakawa Division,
without slabs, bucket latrines, pit latrines and
Sewered Parishes septic tanks discharging into drains, e.t.c
• Unimproved sanitation is a major cause of
• 13% of Nakawa’s population accesses safely surface and groundwater pollution that leads to
managed sanitation. the proliferation of sanitation related diseases.
• When the management of waste from improved • 37% of the population accesses unimproved
sanitation facilities that are not shared is not sanitation. The number increases to a third of the
safely managed, then people using those facilities population in non sewered parishes.
are classified as having Basic sanitation.
• 25% of the population therefore, access basic
sanitation.
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SANITATION PROFILE – NAKAWA DIVISION
• Luzira, Mbuya II, Mbuya I, Kiswa, Nakawa,
Naguru I, Kyambogo, Banda, Nabisunsa, Banda,
Kyambogo Institutions, UPK, Bukoto II, Kyanja
parishes have the highest levels of Unimproved
sanitation i.e. facilities that do not meet the
minimum standards.
• Bukoto I, Naguru II, Kiwatule, Mutungo and
Butabika parishes have the highest levels of
Limited or Shared sanitation.
• ITEK and Nakawa Institution have the highest
levels of service due to the sewer system.
Cross cutting issues
Figure 9: Toilet and Bathroom waste flowing into drains • Solid waste is disposed of in pit latrines
constraining emptying processes when the
Open Defecation
latrines fill
• There is still a section of the population in • Manual emptiers are still used by 2% of the
Nakawa division and in the rest of the city that population. These empty the waste into drains or
has no access to a sanitation facility i.e. practices the environment during rain events raising the
open defecation (0.3%). risks for sanitation related diseases and
• These are mainly found in the parishes of Banda, constraining the way of life for those that live
Naguru I and Luzira. downstream.
• 91% of the sanitation facilities were found not
Sanitation Levels of Service per Parish have any significant defects
• Figure 8 shows the Sanitation Service levels per • Accessibility – 99% have access to a sanitation
Parish. facility
Nakawa Division Statistics in Numbers
Access to Improved
63%
Sanitation
Access to Sanitation 99.50%
Formalised Emptying
4%
Operators
FS Collection Efficiency 50%
FS Discharged into
37%
Environment
Technologies-Latrine 56%
Treatment Capacity 50%
Figure 10: Map of Parishes in
Nakawa Division showing
Sanitation Service Levels
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SANITATION PROFILE – NAKAWA DIVISION
Areas of Sanitation that can be improved References
• End Open Defecation in the Division. 1. UN, Sustainable Development Goals. 2018.
• Focus on the development, promotion and www.un.org
upscaling of non-sewered sanitation technologies 2. The National Development Plan II, 2015.
in Informal Settlements to complement sewered www.opm.go.ug.
services and enable these areas achieve the SDG 3. KCCA, Citywide Sanitation Mapping Report, 2017
targets in Informal Settlements. (Unpublished).
• Provide low cost sanitation technologies to 4. UBOS, National Census, 2014. www.ubos.org.ug.
facilitate the progression to improved sanitation 5. WHO/UNICEF, Joint Monitoring Program for
facilities. Water Supply, Hygiene and Sanitation (JMP), 2017.
• Target landlords in program activities, to build www.unwater.org
sanitation facilities that meet the KCCA Minimum 6. IWA 24:2016 : Non-sewered sanitation systems -
standards for On-site Sanitation facilities; and to - General safety and performance requirements for
provide access to these facilities. design and testing
• Create awareness amongst the private sector
particularly local masons and contractors, on the
Construction of sanitation facilities that meet the
minimum standards.
• Create awareness among tenants to ensure
hygiene of sanitation facilities.
• Increase coverage and availability of safe emptying
services to cover the whole division.
• Provide improved, adequate and sustainable
public sanitation facilities for the commuting
population.
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