VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

JNANA SANGAMA, BELAGAVI - 590018

Report
on
NON CREDIT MANDATORY COURSE (NCMC)
Physical Education & Sports - 21PE83
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment for the Award of Degree of

Bachelor of Engineering
in

Information Science and Engineering

Submitted by
Monish V
1EP21IS062

NCMC Guide and Dept. Co ordinator Physical Education, Sports

Dr. Shanthi Magesh Mr. Suresha S
HOD & Prof. ISE Dept. Physical Education - Director

EPCET
ESTD -1999

Department of Information Science and Engineering

MG CHARITABLE TRUST®

EAST POINT COLLEGE OF

ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Autonomous Institution Affiliated to VTU, Approved by AICTE (NAAC A Grade’
Accredited, NBA Accredited (UG-CSE, ECE, ISE) East Point Campus, Jnana
Prabha, Virgo Nagar Post, Bengaluru - 560 049
Ph: +91 8095044449 URL:www.epcet.edu.in
2025–26
 MG CHARITABLE TRUST®

EAST POINT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

AND TECHNOLOGY
Autonomous Institution Affiliated to VTU, Approved by AICTE (NAAC A Grade’
Accredited, NBA Accredited (UG-CSE, ECE, ISE) East Point Campus, Jnana Prabha, Virgo
Nagar Post, Bengaluru - 560 049
Department of Information Science and Engineering

EPCET
ESTD -1999

NON CREDIT MANDATORY COURSE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Non-Credit Mandatory Course (NCMC)- Physical Education &
Sports (21PE83) has been successfully carried out by Monish V bearing USN: 1EP21IS062
bonafide student of EAST POINT College of Engineering and Technology in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Dept. of
Information Science and Engineering of Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi
during 2025-26
It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for Internal Assessment have been
incorporated in the report. The NCMC- Physical Education & Sports (21PE83) report has
been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of NCMC for the said
degree.

…................................ …………………….…
… ............................... ………………………
Dr. Shanthi Magesh Dr. Udaya Dr. Mrityunjaya V
NCMC Guide and Dept. Mr. Suresha S Latte
Physical Education Balasingam
Co ordinator Assosiate Prof. Principal
Director
HOD & Prof. ISE Dept. Of ISE Dept.

External Exam
Name of the Examiners Signature with Date

1. …………………………… ………………………...

2. …………………………… ………………………...
 MG CHARITABLE TRUST®

EAST POINT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

AND TECHNOLOGY
Autonomous Institution Affiliated to VTU, Approved by AICTE (NAAC A Grade’
Accredited, NBA Accredited (UG-CSE, ECE, ISE) East Point Campus, Jnana Prabha, Virgo
Nagar Post, Bengaluru - 560 049

Department of Information Science and Engineering

EPCET
ESTD -1999

DECLARATION

I, Monish V bearing the USN 1EP21IS062, student of Bachelor of Engineering in Dept. of

Information Science and Engineering at East Point College of Engineering and Technology,
Bengaluru, hereby declare that the Non Credit Mandatory Course( NCMC) - Physical Education &
Sports (21PE83) work has been carried out by me under the supervision and guidance of Department
Staff Coordinators submitted by me as a partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering
degree in Information Science and Engineering from Visvesvaraya Technological University,
Belagavi during 2025-26. I also declare that, this work has not been submitted previously for the award
of any degree or diploma, by me, to any institution.

MONISH V
1EP21IS06
2
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I want to profoundly thank the Management of East Point College of Engineering and Technology for
providing me such a healthy environment for the pursuing this work.

I am thankful to Dr. Ashok Herur, Academic Director, East Point college of Engineering and
Technology for providing me excellent facilities for carrying out this programme.

I am grateful to Dr. Mrityunjaya V Latte, Principal, East Point College of Engineering and Technology for
providing me excellent facilities and academic ambience for carrying out this work at EPCET.

I express my thanks to Dr. Udaya Balasingam, Associate Prof. of ISE Dept. for his valuable support.

I am also grateful to NCMC guide and Department Coordinator Dr. Shanthi Magesh for the support
extended during the execution of NCMC.

I am also grateful to Mr. Suresha S, Physical Education Director for his valuable guidance,
suggestions, and cheerful encouragement during the Non-Credit Mandatory Course NCMC.

Finally, I take this opportunity to extend my gratitude and respect to my parents, teaching and non-
teaching staff of the Department and all my friends who have directly or indirectly supported me
during the period this course.

MONISH
V
1EP21IS06
2
 Visvesvaraya Technological University
(State University of Government of Karnataka Established as per the VTU Act, 1994)
“Jnana Sangama”, Belagavi -590 018, Karnataka State
Department of Physical Education & Sports
Guide line for Athletic and Sports
Sem Course Title C No. o
Fitness Components Meaning and Importance, Fit India Movement, Definition of
fitness, Components of fitness, Benefits of fitness, Types of
fitness and Fitness tips. Practical Components: Speed,
Strength, Endurance, Flexibility, and Agility KABADDI
A. Fundamental skills
1. Skills in Raiding : Touching with hands, Use of leg-
toe touch, squat leg thrust, side kick, mule kick, arrow
fly kick, crossing of baulk line. Crossing of Bonus
Speed Strength line.
Endurance Agility 2. Skills of holding the raider: Various formations,
Flexibility catching from particular position, different catches,
catching formation and techniques.
3. Additional skills in raiding: Escaping from various
holds, techniques of escaping from chain formation,
offense and defense.
4. Game practice with application of Rules and
Regulations.
Total
A. Fundamental skills 32hrs
rd 1. Skills in Chasing : Sit on the box (Parallel & Bullet
3 Sem toe method), Get up from the box(Proximal & Distal
foot method), Give Kho (Simple, Early, Late 2hrs/
&Judgment), Pole Turn, Pole Dive, Tapping, week
Kho kho
Hammering, Rectification of foul.
2. Skills in running: Chain Play, Ring play and Chain &
Ring mixed play.
3. Game practice with application of Rules and
Regulations.
A. Fundamental skills
1. Skills in Raiding: Touching with hands, Use of leg-toe
touch, squat leg thrust, side kick, mule kick, arrow fly
kick, crossing of baulk line. Crossing of Bonus line.
2. Skills of holding the raider: Various formations,
Kabaddi catching from particular position, different catches,
catching formation and techniques.
3. Additional skills in raiding: Escaping from various
holds, techniques of escaping from chain formation,
offense and defense.
4. Game practice with application of Rules and
Regulations.
Track Events
1. Starting Techniques: Standing start and Crouch
start(its variations) use of Starting Block.
Athletics Track- 2. Acceleration with proper running techniques.
Sprints Jumps-Long 3. Finishing technique: Run Through, Forward Lunging
th and Shoulder Shrug.
4 Sem Jump Throws- Shot
Put Long Jump: Approach Run, Take-off, Flight in the air(Hang Style/
Hitch Kick) and Landing
Shot put: Holding the Shot, Placement, Initial Stance, Glide,
Delivery Stance Recovery (Perry O’Brien Technique)

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Physical Education & Sports- 21PE83

A. Fundamental skills Total

1. Service: Under arm service, Side arm 32hrs
service, Tennis service, Floating service.
Volley ball 2. Pass: Under arm pass, Over head pass.
3. Spiking and Blocking. 2hrs/
4. Game practice with application of Rules week
and Regulations
A. Fundamental skills:
Over hand service, Side arm service, two hand catching, one
Throw ball hand overhead return, side arm return.
B. Rules and the interpretations and duties of officials

110Mtrs and400Mtrs:
Athletics
Hurdling Technique : Lead leg Technique, Trail leg
Track-110&400
Technique, Side Hurdling, Over the Hurdles Crouch start (its
Mtrs
variations) use of Starting Block.
Hurdles Jumps-
Approach to First Hurdles, In Between Hurdles, Last Hurdles to
High Jump
Finishing.
Throws-Discuss
Throw High jump: Approach Run, Take-off, Bar Clearance (Straddle)
and Landing.
A. Fundamental Skills
Kicking: Kicking the ball with inside of the foot, Kicking the
ball with Full Instep of the foot, Kicking the ball with Inner
Instep of the foot, Kicking the ball with Outer Instep of the
foot and Lofted Kick.
Trapping: Trapping- the Rolling ball, and the Bouncing ball
with sole of the foot.
Dribbling: Dribbling the ball with Instep of the foot, Dribbling Total
Football the ball with Inner and Outer Instep of the foot. 32hrs
5
Sem Heading: In standing, running and jumping
condition. Throw-in: Standing throw-in and
2hrs/
Running throw-in. Feinting: With the lower limb
week
and upper part of the body. Tackling: Simple
Tackling, Slide Tackling.
Goal Keeping: Collection of Ball, Ball clearance-kicking,
throwing and deflecting. Game practice with application
of Rules and Regulations.
B. Rules and the interpretation and duties of officials.
A. Fundamental Skills
Passing: Short pass, Long pass, push pass, hit
Trapping.
Dribbling and Dozing.
Penalty stroke practice.
Hockey Penalty corner
practice.
Tackling: Simple Tackling, Slide Tackling.
Goal Keeping, Ball clearance- kicking, and deflecting. Game
practice with application of Rules and Regulations.
B. Rules and the interpretation and duties of officials.
Relay Race: Starting, Baton Holding/ Carrying, Total
Athletics Track- Baton Exchange in between zone, and Finishing 32hrs
Relays Jumps- Triple Jump: Approach Run, Take-off, Flight in the Hop, Step, Jump
6
Sem Triple Jump and Landing
Throws-Javelin Javelin Throw: Grip, Carry, and Recovery (3/5
2hrs/
Throw Impulse stride). Release week

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Physical Education & Sports- 21PE83

A. Fundamental Skills
Batting-Forward Defense Stroke, Backward Defense Stroke, Off
Drive, On Drive, Straight Drive, Cover Drive, Square Cut.
Bowling-Out-swing, In-swing, Off Break, Leg Break and
CRICKET Googly.
Fielding: Catching - The High Catch, The Skim Catch, The
Close Catch and throwing at the stumps from different angles.
Long Barrier and Throw, Short Throw, Long Throw,
Throwing on the Turn.
A .Fundamental Skills
Player Stances–walking, extending walking, L stance, cat stance
Grip
Standard grip,
BASEBALL choke grip
Batting grip
Swing

Athletics Combined Events: Heptathlon all the 7events

Combined Decathlon: All 10 Events
Events- Pole Vault: Approach Run, Planting the Pole, Take-off, Bar
Heptathlon & Clearance and Landing.
Decathlon Hammer Throw: Holding the Hammer, Initial Stance Primary
Jumps- Pole Swing, Turn, Release and Recovery(Rotation in
A. Fundamental Skills
1. Passing: Two hand Chest Pass, Two hands Bounce
Pass, One hand Baseball
2. Pass, Side arm Pass, Over head Pass, Hook Pass.
3. Receiving: Two hand receiving, One hand receiving,
Receiving in stationary position, Receiving while
Jumping and Receiving while Running.
4. Dribbling: How to start dribble, drop dribble, High
Basketball Dribble, Low Dribble, Reverse Dribble, Rolling
Dribble.
5. Shooting: Lay- up shot and its variations, One
hand set shot, Two hands jump shot, Hook Total
shot, Free Throw. 32hrs
th 6. Rebounding: Defensive rebound and Offensive
7 Sem rebound.
7. Individual Defence: Guarding the player with the 2hrs/
ball And without the ball, Pivoting. week

A. Fundamental skills
1. Catching: one handed, two handed, with feet
grounded and in flight.
2. Throwing (Different passes and their uses): One hand
passes (shoulder, high shoulder, underarm, bounce,
lob), two hand passes (Push, overhead and bounce).
3. Footwork: Landing on one foot, landing on two feet,
Pivot, Running pass.
Netball 4. Shooting: One hand, forward step shot, and backward
step shot.
5. Techniques of free dodge and sprint, sudden sprint,
sprint and stop, sprinting with change at speed.
6. Defending: Marking the player, marking the ball,
blocking, inside the circle, outside the circle.
Defending the circle edge against the passing.
7. Intercepting: Pass and shot.
8. Game practice with application of Rules

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Physical Education & Sports- 21PE83

A. Fundamental skills
1. Basic Knowledge: Various parts of the Racket
Individual and Grip.
games 2. Service: Short service, Long service, Long-
Shuttle high service.
Badminton 3. Shots: Over head shot, Defensive clear shot,
Attacking clear shot, Drop shot, Net shot,
Smash.
4. Game practice with application of Rules and
A. Fundamental skills
1. Basic Knowledge: Various parts of the Racket and
Grip (Shake Hand& Pen Hold Grip).
2. Stance: Alternate & Parallel.
3. Push and Service: Back hand & Forehand.
Table Tennis 4. Chop: Backhand& Forehand.
5. Receive :Push and Chop with both Back hand Total
& Forehand. 32hrs
th
6. Game practice with application of Rules and
8 Sem
Regulations.
A. Fundamental Skills 2 hrs
1. Catching, Throwing and Ball control, /
2. Goal Throws: Jump shot, Center shot, Dive shot, week
Reverse shot.
Handball 3. Dribbling: High and low.
4. Attack and counter attack, simple counter
attack, counter attack from two wings and
center.
5. Blocking ,Goal Keeping and Defensive skills.
6. Game practice with application of Rules and
Regulations.
A. Fundamental skills
1. Basic Knowledge: Various parts of the Racket
and Grip.
Ball Badminton 2. Service: Short service, Long service, Long-high service.
3. Shots: Over head shot, Defensive clear shot,
Attacking clear shot, Drop shot, Net shot, Smash.
4. Game practice with application of Rules and

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Physical Education & Sports- 21PE83

Table of Contents
(As per 2021 Scheme Physical Education & Sports (21PE83) Syllabus)

Chapter. No. Chapter Name Page

No.

Fitness Components, Speed Strength Endurance Agility

1
Flexibility, Kabaddi
Athletics Track- Sprints Jumps- Long Jump Throws-Shot
2
Put, Volley ball, Throw ball

Athletics – Track – 110 & 400 Mtrs, Hurdles Jumps-High

3
Jump Throws-Discuss Throw, Football, Hockey

Athletics Track – Relays Jumps – Triple Jump, Throws-

4
Javelin Throw, CRICKET,BASEBALL

Athletics Combined Events – Heptathlon & Decathlon

5
Jumps – Pole Vault Throws – Hammer Throw,
Basketball, Net ball
Individual games-Shuttle Badminton, Table Tennis, Hand
6
ball, Ball Badminton

7 Sports activity - 1

8 Sports activity - 2

9 Sports activity - 3

10 Sports activity - 4

11 Sports activity - 5

12 Sports activity - 6

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 Physical Education & Sports- 21PE83

Chapter1
Fitness Components, Speed Strength Endurance Agility
Flexibility, Kabaddi
Fitness Components
Warming Up (Free Hand Exercises)
Warming up is an essential part of any physical activity as it prepares the body for exercise by
gradually increasing heart rate, circulation, and flexibility. Some common free-hand exercises
include:
• Arm rotations
• Neck rolls
• Side bends
• Spot jogging
• Shoulder shrugs
• Lunges and squats
Strength (Push-ups and Pull-ups)
Strength is the ability of muscles to exert force. It plays a crucial role in sports and daily activities.
• Push-ups: Develop upper body strength, focusing on the chest, shoulders, and triceps.
• Pull-ups: Enhance back and arm strength, improving endurance and grip.
Regular strength training boosts muscle power, enhances performance, and prevents injuries.
Speed(3-meterDash)
Speed refers to the ability to move quickly across a distance. The 3-meter dash is an effective
test of speed, assessing reaction time and acceleration. It is essential for sports requiring quick
movements, such as Kho- Kho and sprinting events.
Agility (Shuttle Run)
Agility is the ability to change direction quickly and efficiently. The shuttle run is a test where
participants sprint back and forth between two points, improving:
• Quick reflexes
• Body coordination
Flexibility (Sit and Reach Test)
Flexibility determines the range of motion around a joint. The sit and reach test is used to measure
lower back and hamstring flexibility. Benefits of flexibility include:

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• Reduced risk of injuries

• Improved posture and movement efficiency
• Enhanced performance in sports requiring extensive motion
Cardiovascular Endurance (Harvard Step Test)
Cardiovascular endurance measures how efficiently the heart, lungs, and blood vessels supply
oxygen to muscles during prolonged physical activity. The Harvard Step Test is a common
endurance test involving:
• Stepping up and down on a platform for a fixed duration
• Measuring heart rate recovery post-exercise
Good cardiovascular endurance is essential for stamina and prolonged sports performance.
Speed, Strength, Endurance, Agility, Flexibility
Each fitness component plays a vital role in athletic performance:
• Speed enables rapid movement and reaction time.
• Strength provides power for explosive actions.
• Endurance supports sustained activity without fatigue.
• Agility allows for quick directional changes.
• Flexibility prevents injuries and improves range of motion.
Training for these components enhances overall athletic ability, making athletes more
effective in various sports.
Kabaddi
Kabaddi is a high-intensity contact sport that demands strength, agility, endurance, and
strategy. The game involves raiders tagging defenders and returning to their side while
defenders work together to stop them. Key aspects include:

 Strength: Raiders break through holds; defenders stack le and restrain.

 Agility : Quick direction changes help raiders and defenders.
 Endurance : Sustained effort is crucial for raiders and defenders.
 Reflexes & Awareness : Quick reaction said in anticipating moves.
 Team Coordination: Communication ensures successfultackles
and strategies.

Kabaddi enhances fitness, team work, and mental resilience, making sport-specific
training essential for peak performance.

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Chapter2

Athletics Track - Sprints Jumps

Long Jump
The long jump is a track and field event where athletes sprint down a runway and jump as
far as possible into a sandpit from a take-off board. It tests speed, strength, and agility.
Phases of Long Jump:
• Approach Run: Athletes accelerate down the runway to generate maximum speed.
• Take-off: A strong push-off from the board helps gain height and distance.
• Flight: The athlete maintains body control mid-air to optimize distance.
• Landing: A well – balanced landing ensures the best possible jump measurement.
Training for Long Jump:
• Sprinting drills to improve approach speed.
• Plyometric exercises to enhance explosive power.
• Core strengthening for better balance and control.

Throws–Shot Put
Shot put is a track and field event where athletes throw a heavy spherical object(shot) as far
as possible. It emphasizes strength, technique, and coordination.
Techniques in Shot Put:
• Grip and Stance: The shot is placed near the neck, and the athlete maintains a
balanced stance.
• Glide or Spin: The two techniques used to generate moment um before the throw.
• Throw and Follow-through: The shot is pushed force fully using arm strength
while maintaining balance.
Training for Shot Put:
• Weight training to build upper body strength.
• Rotational drills for better throwing motion.
• Footwork exercises for improved stance and power transfer.

Volleyball
Volley ball is a team sport where two teams of six players each compete to score points by
hitting the ball over the net and into the opponent's court.

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Basic Skills in Volley ball:

• Serving: The act of putting the ball into play.
• Passing: Receiving and controlling the ball to setup an attack.
• Setting: Assisting a team mate by positioning the ball for a hit.
• Spiking: A powerful shot aimed at the opponent’s court.
• Blocking: Defending against an opponent’s spike.
Training for Volley ball:
• Jumping drills for better spike sand blocks.
• A agility drills for quick movements on the court.
• Strength training for powerful serves and hits.

Throw Ball
Throw ball is a popular team sport similar to volleyball but played with different rules .It involves
throwing and catching the ball instead of hitting it.
Basic Rules of Throw Ball:
• Team Structure: Played between two teams of 7 players each.
• Service: The ball is thrown over the net to start the game.
• Passing: Players must catch and pass the ball with in three seconds.
• Scoring: Points are awarded when the ball lands in the opponent’s court or if
the opposing team commits a fault.
Training for Throw Ball:
• Hand-eye coordination exercises for better catching and passing.
• Throwing drills to improve accuracy and power.
• Team works strategies for effective game play.

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Chapter3
Athletics
Track–110 & 400 Meters
Track events are among the most exciting and physically demanding parts of athletics. They
test an athlete’s speed, endurance, and technique.
110 Meters Sprint:
• A short – distance sprint requiring explosive speed and quick acceleration.
• Athletes must have strong leg power and a fast reaction time.
• Training includes sprint drills, resistance running, and agility exercises.
400 Meters Race:
• Considered along sprint, requiring both speed and endurance.
• Athletes need efficient pacing to maintain energy throughout the race.
• Training involves interval runs, endurance drills, and sprint-strength exercises.

Hurdles Jumps–High Jump

The high jump is a track and field event where athletes must clear a horizontal bar using a
specific jumping technique.
High Jump Techniques:
• Approach Run: A controlled run to generate momentum.
• Take - Off: A powerful leap using one leg top rope the body upwards.
• Flight: The body arches over the bar using techniques like the Fosbury Flop.
• Landing: A safe descent on toe cushioned mat.
Training for High Jump:
• Plyometric exercises for explosive power.
• Flexibility drills to improve body control.
• Strength training to enhance jump height.

Throws–Discus Throw
The discus throw is a track and field event where an athlete throws a heavy discus far as possible.
Discus Throw Techniques:
• Grip and Stance: The discus is held with fingers spread wide for control.

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• Rotation: A spinning motion generates for cube for the release.

• Release: The discus is thrown at an optimal angle for maximum distance.
Training for Discus Throw:
• Strength training for improved arm power.
• Rotational exercises for better throwing technique.
• Agility drills to enhance foot work.

Football
Football is one of the most popular team sports, requiring speed, agility, teamwork, and strategy.
Basic Rules of Football:
• Played between two teams of 11 players each.
• The objective is to score goals by kicking the ball into the opponent’s net.
• Players can pass, dribble, and shoot the ball but cannot use their hands (except
for goal keepers).
Skills in Football:
• Dribbling: Controlling and maneuvering the ball effectively.
• Passing: Delivering accurate passes to team mates.
• Shooting: Striking the ball towards the goal with precision.
• Defending: Preventing the opposing team from scoring.
Training for Football:
• Endurance training for sustained energy during matches.
• Speed drills to improve acceleration.
• Tactical exercises to enhance game play strategies.

Hockey
Hockey is a fast-paced team sport played on a field, with players using sticks to hit a ball and
score goals.
Basic Rules of Hockey:
• Played betweentwoteamsof11playerseach.
• The objective is to score goals by hitting the ball into the opponent’s net.
• Players must use their sticks to pass, dribble, and shoot.

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Skills in Hockey:
• Dribbling: Moving the ball with precise stick control.
• Passing : Making accurate passes to team mates.
• Shooting: Striking the ball with power and accuracy.
• Defending: Blocking opponents and intercepting passes.
Training for Hockey:
• Agility drills for quick movements on the field.
• Strength training for better stick handling.
• Team work exercises for coordinated game play.

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Chapter4
Athletics Track –Relays, Jumps- Triple Jump
Relay races area an essential part of track and field events, requiring team work, speed, and precise
baton exchanges. The most common relay races include:
• 4x100 meters relay–Each of the four athletes runs a 100-meter stretch before
passing the baton. This race requires explosive speed and smooth transitions.
• 4x400 meters relay–Each runner covers a 400-meter lap, emphasizing endurance
and strategy.
• Medley relays–A combination of different distances, such as the sprint medley
(200m, 200m, 400m, 800m) or distance medley (1200m, 400m, 800m,
1600m).
Baton Exchange Techniques
• Upsweep technique–The incoming runner places the baton from below into the
hand of the outgoing runner.
• Down sweep technique–The baton is placed from above into the out going
runner’s hand.
• Push-pass technique–The out going runner extends their hand backward, and
the baton is directly pushed into it.
Triple Jump
Triple jump is a track and field event where an athlete makes a hop, step, and jump sequence to
cover maximum distance. The three phases are:
• Hop: The athlete takes of from the same foot they landed on.
• Step: The opposite foot lands forward.
• Jump: The athlete leaps into the sand pit, aiming for maximum distance.
Key techniques for success:
• Proper run-up speed and rhythm.
• Balance during the transition between phases.
• Strong take off from the board to maximize jump distance.

Throws-Javelin Throw
Javelin throw is a field event in which an athlete throws a spear-like object called a javelin as
far as possible. The throw is judged by the distance it travels within the legal boundaries.
Phases of Javelin Throw:

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• Grip and Hold: The javelin is held using the V-grip, American grip, or Finnish
grip for control and power.
• Run-up: A controlled sprint to build momentum before the throw.
• Withdrawal & Pre-Throw: The javelin is pulled back while maintaining balance.
• Final Impulse: The athlete plants the front foot firmly and throws the javelin with
full arm extension.
• Follow-through: A smooth finish to maintain control and avoid fouls.
Rules of Javelin Throw:
• The javelin must land tip- first with in the marked sector.
• The thrower must not step beyond the foul line.
• Athletes are allowed multiple attempts, with their best throw recorded.
World Records:
• Men’s Record: Jan Železný(Czech Republic)–98.48m
• Women’s Record: Barbora Špotáková(Czech Republic) –72.28m

Cricket
Cricket is a popular bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of eleven players. It
involves batting, bowling, and fielding strategies. The game is played in three formats: Test
Cricket, One Day Internationals (ODIs), and T20 cricket.
Basic Rules of Cricket:
• Each team takes turns to bat and bowl.
• The batting team tries to score runs while the bowling team aims to dismiss
the batters.
• A bowler delivers six balls per over.
• Runs can be scored through boundaries(4 and 6)or by running between the wickets.
• Common dismissals include bowled, caught, L B W (Leg Before Wicket), run-
out, and stumped.
Fielding Positions:
• Slip : Positioned next to the wicket keeper to catch edges.
• Mid-on & Mid- off: Close to the bowler for defensive fielding.
• Long-on & Long- off: Near the boundary for stopping big shots.

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Popular Cricket Tournaments:

• ICC Cricket World Cup
• Indian Premier League (IPL)
• Ashes Series
• T20 World Cup
• Ranji Trophy

Base ball
Base ball is a bat- and- ball game played between two teams of nine players. The game consists
of innings where teams take turns batting and fielding.
Basic Rules of Base ball:
• A pitcher throws the ball, and a batter attempts to hit it.
• The batter must run around four bases to score arun.
• The fielding team tries to get three outs to end the opponent’s inning.
• An inning consists of both teams batting once.
• The team with the most runs at the end of nine innings wins.
Types of Pitches:
• Fastball: Thrown at high speed to over power the batter.
• Curve ball: Spins sharply, making it harder to hit.
• Slider: Moves laterally to deceive the batter.
Famous Base ball Leagues:
• Major League Base ball(MLB)–USA
• Nippon Professional Base ball(NPB)– Japan
• Caribbean Series –Latin America
Baseball is known forts legends like Babe Ruth, Jackie Robinson, and Derek Jeter, shaping the
sport’s history.

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Chapter5
Athletics Combined Events
Heptathlon & Decathlon, Jumps- Pole Vault
The Heptathlon is a combined event in athletics consisting of seven track and field events. It
is primarily contested by women and is spread across two days.
Events in Heptathlon:
• Day1:100m hurdles, High jump, Shot put,200m sprint
• Day2:Long jump, Javelin throw, 800m run
Athletes earn points based on performance in each event, and the one with the highest total
wins.

Decathlon
The Decathlon is a ten- event competition, primarily for men, testing an athlete’s endurance,
strength, and versatility.
Events in Decathlon:
• Day1:100m sprint, Long jump, Shot put, High jump, 400m sprint
• Day2:110m hurdles, Discus throw, Pole vault, Javelin throw,1500m run

Pole Vault
The Pole Vault is a jumping event where an athlete uses along, flexible pole to clear a high
bar.
Technique of Pole Vault:
• Approach Run: Sprint down the run way for momentum.
• Plant &Take-off: The pole is planted in the box, and the athlete jumps upward.
• Swing-up & Extension: The body rotates, using the pole’s bend for lift.
• Clearance & Landing: The athlete crosses the bar and lands on a cushioned mat.

Throws-Hammer Throw, Basket ball, Net ball

The Hammer Throw is a field event where an athlete swings a metal ball attached to a wire
and releases it for maximum distance.
Phases of Hammer Throw:
• Grip & Stance: The hammer is held with both hands.
• Swing &Turns: The athlete rotates multiple times in a circular motion.
• Release: The hammer is thrown at the right angle for maximum distance.
• Follow-through: Proper balance is maintained to avoid fouling.
Basket ball
Basket ball is a fast- paced teams port played between two teams of five players each. The objective
is to score points by throwing the ball into the opponent’s basket.
Basic Rules of Basket ball:
• A game consists off our quarters of 10 or 12 minutes each.
• Players dribble the ball to move and pass to teammates.
• Field goal:2points
• Three -pointer:3points

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Famous leagues include the NBA and FIBA Basket ball World Cup.

Net ball
Net ball is a team sport played mainly by women, featuring seven players per team.
Basic Rules of Net ball:
• The game is divided into fourquartersof15minuteseach.
• Players must pass the ball with in three seconds.
• Only designated players can shoot goals.
• No dribbling is allowed; movement is based on passing.
• Net ball is widely played in countries like Australia, NewZealand and England.

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Chapter6
Individual games
Shuttle Badminton
A fast- paced racket sport where player shit a shuttle cock over a net.
Basic Rules of Badminton:
• A match is played in a best – of – three games format, with each game played to
21 points.
• The shuttle cock must be hit only once before crossing the net.
• Players serve diagonally, and points are scored when the opponent fail store turn
the shuttle cock within the boundaries.
Famous Badminton Tournaments:
• All England Open
• BWF World Championships
• Olympic Badminton
Famous players include P.V.Sindhu, Lin Dan, and Viktor Axelsen.

Table Tennis
A high- speed in door game players uses mall paddles to hit lightweight ball across table.
Basic Rules of Table Tennis:
• A game is played to11 points, and a match is usually best of 5or 7games.
• Players must allow the ball to bounce once on their side before returning it.
• A legal serve must be tossed at least 6 inches in the air before being struck.
Types of Table Tennis Shots:
• Top spin: Ball rotates forward for a fast return.
• Back spin: Ball moves slower with reverse spin.
• Smash: A powerful attacking shot.
Famous Table Tennis Tournaments:
• World Table Tennis Championships
• Olympic Table Tennis

Hand ball
A team sport players pass and throw a ball to score goals in opponent's net.

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Basic Rules of Hand ball:

• Matches are played in two halves of 30 minutes each.
• Player scan take up to three steps without dribbling.
• A goal is scored when the ball fully crosses the goal line.
Famous Hand ball Events:
• IHF World Hand ball Championship
• Olympic Hand ball Tournament

Ball Badminton
A traditional Indian sport where players use rackets to hit a yellow ball made of wool across a
net.
Basic Rules of Ball Badminton:
• A match is played in best – of – three games, with each game up to 35points.
• Players hit the ball using rackets, ensuring it does not touch the ground.
• The ball should cross the net with in the boundaries to be a valid shot.
Ball Badminton is popular in India and South Asian countries, with national championships
held regularly.

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Chapter7
Sports acivity-1
A INTRAMURAL is EPCET annual inter-department sports festival, fostering
sportsmanship and unity among students.
INTRAMURAL: Tug of War Highlights

• Participation: The Tug of War event witnessed enthusiastic participation from

multiple departments, with both men's and women's teams competing fiercely. The
event attracted large crowds, adding to the excitement and energy of the
competition.

• Format: Matches were conducted in a knockout format, with teams facing off in
intense head-to-head battles. Each round tested not just raw strength but also
coordination, endurance, and strategy, making for an exhilarating contest.

• Highlights:

 The ISE men's team displayed remarkable teamwork and resilience,

overpowering their opponents in a series of hard-fought matches to claim the
championship title.

The event was a true test of endurance and teamwork, leaving participants and
spectators alike with unforgettable moments of sportsmanship and determination.

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Chapter8
Sports activity-2
8 th International Yoga Day (2022)

Theme: "Yoga for Humanity"

• Morning yoga sessions were regularly organized on campus, providing students and
faculty with an opportunity to start their day with physical and mental rejuvenation.
These sessions were led by certified yoga instructors, ensuring proper guidance and
effective practice. The serene and refreshing environment of the campus added to the
calming experience, making it an ideal setting for practicing yoga.
• Both students and faculty actively participated in the sessions, highlighting the
growing awareness of the importance of yoga in daily life. By promoting consistent
participation, the initiative aimed to in still the habit of integrating yoga into daily
routines, helping participants experience its long-term benefits.
• In addition to the regular sessions, specialized workshops were conducted to educate
participants about the holistic benefits of yoga. These workshops emphasized how
yoga improves both mental and physical health, including stress relief, enhanced
focus, flexibility, and overall vitality. By showcasing real-life examples and providing
practical tips, the workshops empowered individuals to adopt yoga as a sustainable
wellness practice.
• The overarching goal of the yoga initiative was to promote holistic well-being, not
only for individuals but also for the broader community. The emphasis on integrating
yoga into daily life aimed to encourage long-term wellness practices, positively
impacting physical fitness, emotional balance, and mental clarity. By fostering a
culture of health-consciousness, the initiative contributed to the overall well-being of
the campus community.

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Chapter9
Sportsactivity-3
INTRAMURL:
Throw ball:
• Participation: The events a win creased enthusiasm, with more
departments fielding teams for both men's and women's categories.
• Format: A round- robin format was introduced, ensuring each team
played multiple matches, enhancing the competitive spirit.
• Outcome:TheInformationScienceandEngineering(ISE)women'steamclinche
d the title, displaying remarkable coordination and skill
Athletics:
• Events: Building on the previous year's success, the same range of track and
field events were organized.
• Participation: There was an table increase in participation, with students
aiming to break previous records.
• Highlights:
• The Civil Engineering department made a mark by winning gold in the
400m and 800m races.
• The Computer Science and Engineering department showcased
versatility, securing top positions in both track events and javelin throw.

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Chapter 10
Sports activity-4
National Sports Day–Aerobics Session
On August 28,2023,EPCET commemorated National Sports Day with a series of activities
emphasizing physical fitness and active living. The event was organized by the EPCET
Sports Ground in collaboration with the Physical Education Department. Key highlights
include:

1. Aerobics Session

A dynamic aerobics session was held on campus, led by certified instructors with expertise in
fitness and wellness. The session focused on promoting cardiovascular health, enhancing
flexibility, and boosting overall physical fitness. Participants engaged in rhythmic movements
set to energetic music, creating an invigorating and enjoyable atmosphere. The session not
only encouraged physical activity but also highlighted the benefits of regular aerobic exercise
in maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

2. Community Engagement

The event successfully fostered a sense of community by bringing together students, faculty,
and staff in a shared celebration of sportsmanship and wellness. Through collaborative
participation, the event strengthened bonds, encouraged teamwork, and promoted mutual
support. The inclusive and interactive nature of the activities helped create a positive and
welcoming environment, reinforcing the importance of collective well-being and unity.

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Chapter 11
Sports activity-5
The Inter-Department Cricket Championship at EPCET in 2022 was a highly anticipated
event, filled with excitement, sportsmanship, and camaraderie. Among the various matches,
the Girls' Cricket Match stood out, showcasing the talent and competitive spirit of the
female participants.
Event Highlights:
1. Participation and Team Formation:
• Various departments formed their own teams, each comprising killed
and enthusiastic players.
• The teams were well-balanced, with players demonstrating their
cricketing skills, including batting, bowling, and fielding.
2. Match Atmosphere:
• The event drew a large crowd of students and faculty members
who cheered enthusiastically.
• The match was played with great intensity, highlighting the
growing interest and participation of girls in sports.
3. Outstanding Performances:
• Several players displayed exceptional cricketing skills.
• The batting line up saw impressive boundaries and sixes, while
the bowlers delivered some spectacular spells.
• The fielders show cased remarkable agility and coordination.
4. Sports man ship and Team Spirit:
• Despite the competitive nature of the match, the players
displayed remarkable sportsmanship.
• Both winning and losing teams were celebrated for their effort
and dedication.
5. Impact and Encouragement:
• The match inspired more female students to participate in sports activities.
• It promoted physical fitness, team work, and self-confidence among
the participants.

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Chapter 12
Sportsactivity-6
The Inter-Department Badminton Championship at RNS Institute of Technology (RNSIT) in
2022 was a thrilling and well-organized event that brought together talented players from
various departments. The Boys’ Badminton Match was one of the key highlights, displaying
exceptional athleticism, coordination, and competitive spirit.
Event Highlights:
1. Participation and Team Formation:
• Several departments formed their own teams, with both singles
and doubles matches conducted.
• The participants showcased impressive badminton skills,
including powerful smashes, strategic drop shots, and quick
footwork.
2. Match Atmosphere:
• The match drew a lively audience of students and faculty members,
who enthusiastically cheered for their respective departments.
• The energetic environment added to the excitement, motivating the
players to perform their best.
3. Outstanding Performances:
• Many players displayed excellent racket control, agility, and strategic
shot placement.
• The rallies were in tense, with both sides showcasing quicker flexes
and precision.
• The doubles match was particularly thrilling, with seamless
coordination and teamwork.
4. Sportsmanship and Team Spirit:
• The players demonstrated great sportsmanship, respecting the
ir- opponents and officials.
• Both winners and runners-up were appreciated for their dedication
and skill.
• The event foster deafens of unity and friendly competition among
the departments.

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