URBAN TRANSFORMATIONS
URBAN RENEWAL PROJECTS IN
INDIA
INDORE
ANKUR PUROHIT SUBMITTED TO - AR.RIA KAPOOR
230MPLANUP011
URBAN RENEWAL – DEFINITION
The term Urban renewal means rebirth or regeneration of a city or a part of it which has been plagued by the ills of urbanization
1. Local policies and strategies designed to deal with urban decline, decay or transformation are termed as urban renewal.
2. It is a comprehensive and integrated vision and action which leads to the resolution of urban problems and which seeks to bring
about a lasting improvement in the economic, physical, social and environmental conditions of an area that has been subject to
change’
3. With the decision and authority of a governing municipality, re arranging land use, function and ownership features of a socially,
economically or structurally decayed part of a certain city .
4. such as slum zones or brown fields, for the purpose of obtaining a desired, well organized neighbourhood.
WHERE URBAN RENEWAL IS REQUIRED?
• Dilapidating, ageing parts of the city, not providing
the city its full potential and becoming a health hazard
• In built form it consists of old area of the city,
congested area around transit points, illegal
settlements needing redevelopment
• In terms of infrastructure- measures for efficient and
smooth movement of traffic, improvement of
transportation network, provision /improvement of
utilities
BACKGROUND
Urbanization in India and the Need for Urban Renewal
India is experiencing rapid urbanization, with a growing urban population leading to congestion,
pollution, inadequate infrastructure, and declining living standards in many cities.
Urban renewal projects are designed to address these issues by improving infrastructure (like
roads, water, sanitation), enhancing green spaces, and upgrading old housing and commercial
areas.
Urban renewal projects are a key strategy for addressing the challenges of rapid urbanization,
infrastructure degradation, and environmental concerns in Indian cities. These projects aim to revitalize
deteriorating urban areas, improve infrastructure, and provide better living conditions for residents. One of
the cities in India where urban renewal has been actively implemented is Indore, a major city in Madhya
Pradesh. By studying the case of Indore, ONE can gain insights into the objectives, challenges, and
successes of urban renewal in India.
INDORE: AN OVERVIEW
Indore, with a population of over 3 million people, is one of the fastest-growing cities in central India. It has been recognized for its efforts in
urban renewal and infrastructure development. Indore has undergone significant changes in recent years, partly due to various government
schemes and public-private partnerships aimed at transforming the city into a modern, sustainable urban space.
CASE STUDY: URBAN RENEWAL PROJECTS IN INDORE
A. Redevelopment of Slums
Indore has also focused on redeveloping its slum areas to improve the living conditions of the urban poor. Key elements include:
In-situ Rehabilitation: Providing new housing to slum dwellers in the same area, thus reducing displacement.
Basic Services: Ensuring that slum areas have access to clean water, sanitation, electricity, and waste management.
Affordable Housing: The government and private developers have come together to provide affordable housing units under schemes like
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY).
ABSTRACT
Slum Networking is an innovative concept which exploits the linkage
between the slums, natural drainage paths which influence the urban
infrastructure and the environmental fabric of the city. Thus slums,
instead of being resource draining liabilities as in the conventional
developmental approach, actually become opportunities of a
quantum change in the infrastructure levels and environmental quality
of the city. Slum Networking is an initiative driven primarily through
community control. In a holistic frame which converges scales,
activities, agencies and resources it exploits the slum fabric in the
context of the total city for sustainable and cost effective improvement
in the quality of life of its people as whole
SLUM NETWORKING OF INDORE CITY TECHNICAL
INFORMATION
1. Award Cycle: 1996-1998 Cycle
2. Status: Recipient
3. Location: Indore, India
4. Client: Indore Development Authority
5. Architect: Himanshu Parikh
6. Size: 8,000,000 m² Completed: 1997
ABSTRACT
USING THE CONCEPT, OVER A PERIOD OF SIX YEARS, THE ENVIRONMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE SLUM MATRIX OF
INDORE CITY WAS IMPROVED TO COVER THE LIVES OF 450,000 SLUM DWELLERS.
AS A BY-PRODUCT OF SLUM NETWORKING BETWEEN THE SLUM LOCATIONS, INDORE NOW HAS 90 KMS OF PIPED SEWER
MAINS SERVING THE NON-SLUM AREAS AND A SMALL STRETCH OF POLLUTED RIVER RUNNING THROUGH THE CITY CENTRE
WAS CLEANED UP AND LANDSCAPED AS A CONSEQUENCE.
BASED ON THE LESSONS LEARNT IN INDORE, THE CONCEPT WAS EVOLVED AND REPLICATED IN DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS
IN THE CITIES OF BARODA, AHMEDABAD AND MUMBAI, EACH TIME BRINGING GREATER COMMUNITY INTERACTION AND
SELF-SUFFICIENCY OF RESOURCES. SLUMS, HENCE, CEASE TO BE LIABILITIES AND, INSTEAD, BECOME OPPORTUNITIES OF
CHANGE FOR THE CITIES.
ANALYSIS
Aggregate Infrastructure in Indore Slums
1.Quantity Total length of new roads 360 km.
2. Total length of new sewer lines 300 km.
3.Total length of new storm drains 50 km.
4. Total length of new water lines 240 km.
5. New trees planted 120,000 Total area of grassing/shrubbing 500,000 m2
There is a common misconception that underground storm drainage is more
expensive than open drains. As seen below, well designed piped drain can be
cheaper.
A. SMART CITIES MISSION
The Government of India has launched the Smart Cities Mission on 25 June 2015.
• The objective is to promote sustainable and inclusive cities that provide core infrastructure and give a decent quality of life to its citizens, a clean and sustainable environment
and application of ‘Smart’ Solutions.
• The focus is on sustainable and inclusive development and the idea is to look at compact areas, a replicable model which will act like a lighthouse to other aspiring cities. The
Smart Cities Mission is meant to set examples that can be replicated both within and outside the Smart City, catalysing the creation of similar Smart Cities in various regions and
parts of the country.
• Some of the core infrastructure elements in a Smart City would include adequate water supply, assured electricity supply, sanitation, including solid waste management,
efficient urban mobility and public transport, affordable housing, especially for the poor, robust IT connectivity and digitalization, good governance, especially e-Governance
and citizen participation, sustainable environment, safety and security of citizens, particularly women, children and the elderly and health and education.
• The strategic components of the Smart Cities Mission are city improvement (retrofitting), city renewal (redevelopment) and city extension (Greenfield development) plus a Pan-
city initiative in which Smart Solutions are applied covering larger parts of the city.
• Area-based development will transform existing areas (retrofit and redevelop), including slums, into better planned human settlements, thereby, improving liveability of the
whole cities. Development of well-planned and fully serviced new areas (greenfield) will be encouraged around cities in order to accommodate the rapidly expanding
population in urban areas. Application of Smart Solutions will enable cities to use technology to improve infrastructure and services.
• Comprehensive development in this way will improve quality of life, employment and enhance incomes for all, especially the poor and the disadvantaged, leading to inclusive
cities.
A. Water Management and Sewage Treatment
Indore has made significant strides in improving its water management systems:
Water Supply and Distribution: Indore has implemented smart water meters to reduce wastage and improve efficiency in water
distribution. These meters allow real-time monitoring of water usage, helping in the early detection of leaks and improving the
overall water supply management.
Sewage Treatment: The city has focused on expanding sewage treatment plants (STPs) and ensuring that wastewater is properly
treated before being released into water bodies. This reduces pollution and contributes to environmental sustainability.
B. Waste Management
Indore is well-known for its success in waste management, especially in the context of the Swachh Survekshan ranking, where it
has been ranked as India's cleanest city multiple times. Under the Smart Cities Mission, the city has:
Implemented automatic waste segregation and waste-to-energy projects to minimize landfill usage and make waste
management more efficient.
Introduced smart waste bins equipped with sensors that alert authorities when they are full, optimizing waste collection routes.
A. Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) System
Indore has developed a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) System, which is part of the city’s integrated transport network. The BRT system is designed to:
Provide dedicated lanes for buses, ensuring faster and more reliable public transport.
Improve connectivity between major areas of the city, reducing traffic congestion and pollution.
Enhance the accessibility of the urban center for people who rely on public transportation.
B. Pedestrianization and Cycling Infrastructure
To promote non-motorized transport, Indore has been working on pedestrian-friendly streets and bicycle lanes:
Pedestrianization Projects: Certain areas of the city, especially the commercial hubs, have been redesigned to give priority to pedestrians over
vehicles, making them safer and more accessible.
Cycle Sharing Systems: The city has started introducing cycle-sharing schemes, where residents can rent bicycles for short trips, contributing to a
cleaner environment and encouraging physical activity.
C. Smart Traffic Management
Indore has implemented smart traffic management systems with the aim of reducing traffic congestion and ensuring smoother vehicle flow. These
systems include:
Intelligent Traffic Signals that adjust in real-time based on traffic conditions, improving the efficiency of traffic flow.
CCTV cameras for surveillance, which help monitor traffic patterns and identify violations, contributing to better law enforcement.
3. RIVERFRONT DEVELOPMENT (KALI SINDH RIVER)
Indore, as a result of Slum Networking has 90 kilometers of piped sewer mains
installed in non-slum areas. This transformation was possible, firstly, by
interconnecting the internal sewerage lines of slums along the rivers to make a city
level network, and secondly, by incresing the pipe sizes to accept sewage from teh
entire city population. The cost was less than half that for a conventional city system
in India at the time
Indore city plan showing the relation between natural
drainage paths and slum areas
There is a correlation between the slum matrix
and the natural drainage paths of the city. Thus
slums help to build up lo cost service trunks,
particularly gravity based systems of sewerage
and storm drainage, together with environmental
improvements such as new fresh water bodies,
cleaning of rivers, green padestrian spines and
restoration of waterfront structures. The slums
naturally benefit from the improved city-level
support. While development alternatives designed
for the urban poor rarely transcend beyond the
slum boundaries, for the city as well, slum
networking offers opportunities for change
through this systematic process
Riverfront Development (Kali Sindh River)
The Kali Sindh Riverfront Development project is one of Indore’s significant urban renewal efforts, aiming to
rehabilitate the river and create a recreational space along its banks.
Key Features:
Beautification and Public Spaces: The project involves developing green parks, walkways, and recreational
areas along the riverfront, creating spaces for community events and public gatherings.
Pollution Control: One of the primary objectives is to prevent pollution from entering the river. The project
includes the construction of sewage treatment plants and better waste management systems to ensure that
untreated wastewater does not flow into the river.
Ecological Restoration: Efforts are being made to restore the natural ecosystem of the river and its surrounding
areas, making the riverfront a vibrant part of the city's environment.
Impact:
Enhanced Livability: The development of green spaces and recreational areas offers citizens a place to relax
and engage in outdoor activities, improving the overall quality of life.
Environmental Sustainability: By improving sewage treatment and pollution control, the project helps restore the
river's ecosystem and prevent further environmental degradation.
Community Engagement: The riverfront development project encourages public participation in maintaining
the cleanliness of the area, fostering a sense of ownership and community pride.
THANK YOU
