Заняття № 12
Дата:
Тема: Вибори. Подорожі.
План заняття
1. Опрацювання ЛО.
2. Читання тексту.
3. Виконання тестування.
Джерела інформації:
1. Oksana Karpiuk, “English 11. Standard Level” – Тернопіль: «Видавництво
«Лібра Терра», 2012. – 296с.
Завдання:
1. Learn the glossary.
block vote – блокове голосування (у одній партії, у межах однієї організації, по
політичним блокам).
by-election – проміжні вибори, додаткове голосування.
campaign – кампанія.
candidate – кандидат.
coalition – коаліція.
constituent – громадянин, представлений в уряді чиновниками, за яких він або вона
голосує.
constituency – виборчий округ.
debate – дебати.
deposit – депозит. Сума грошей, яку кандидат повинен заплатити в обмін на право
балотуватися на виборах до британського парламенту.
elect – обирати.
election – вибори.
electorate – електорат, люди, які мають право голосувати на виборах.
general election – загальні вибори.
government – уряд.
House of Commons – Палата громад (Нижня палата британського парламенту).
House of Lords – Палата лордів (Верхня палата британського парламенту).
Independent candidate – незалежний кандидат, не закріплений за політичною
партією.
leader – лідер, який керує політичною партією.
local election – місцеві вибори.
MP – абревіатура від Member of Parliament (член парламенту).
Opposition – опозиція.
Party – партія.
policy – політика.
Political – політичний.
Politician – політик.
PM – абревіатура від Prime Minister.
proxy vote – голосування за дорученням.
Rhetoric – риторика.
Run – переконати когось прийняти ту чи іншу політичну думку. (одну людину)
Spin – агітувати за політичну позицію. (на публіці)
Veto – вето, голосування, яке блокує рішення.
2. Read the text carefully and translate it orally.
The maximum life of the House of Commons has been restricted to five years
since the Parliament Act 1911. The franchise (right to vote) became universal for men in
the nineteenth century. Women's suffrage came in two stages (1918 and 1928).
For parliamentary elections the United Kingdom is divided into 650 constituencies
of roughly equal population. The average constituency contains about 60,000 registered
votes. Any British citizen from the age of 18 registered as an elector for the constituency
elects a single member to the House of Commons.
Voting is on the same day (usually on Thursday) in all constituencies, and the
voting stations are open from 7 in the morning till 9 at night. Each voter has only one
vote, if he knows that he will be unable to vote, because he is ill or has moved away or
must be away on business, he may apply in advance to be allowed to send his vote by
post.
Voting is not compulsory. But in the autumn of each year every householder is
obliged by law to enter on the register of electors the name of every resident who is
entitled to vote. Much work is done to ensure that the register is complete and accurate.
It's only possible to vote at the polling station appropriate to one's address.
As in Britain the political scene is dominated by the Conservatives and the Labour
Party, in every constituency each of these parties has a local organization whose first task
is to choose the candidate and which then helps him to conduct his local campaign. Any
British subject can be nominated as a candidate, there is no need to live in the area,
though peers, clergymen, lunatics and felons in prison are disqualified from sitting in the
House of Commons.
There are usually more than two candidates for each seat. The candidate who wins
the most votes is elected. This practice is known as the majority electoral system.
General elections
A general election is an opportunity for people in every part of the UK to choose
their MP. This person will represent a local area (constituency) in the House of
Commons for up to five years.
There is a choice of several candidates in each constituency. Some will be the local
candidates for national political parties. The candidate that receives most votes becomes
their MP.
The Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 sets the next date of the general election at
five-year interval on the first Thursday of May.
If an earlier general election is triggered outside of the five-year period, the
election does not have to be held on a Thursday.
The date of the last general election was 12 December 2019. Under the terms of
the Fixed-term Parliaments Act, the next general election can be expected to take place
on Thursday 2 May 2024.
3. Take a test.
https://forms.gle/42dnZRrZ8ojihahg6
