SPORTS HOCKEY

REPORTER:

JAIDEE CAS BELATOR

MICAH MALINAO
Hockey is a term used to denote a family of various types of both summer and winter
team sports which originated on either an outdoor field, sheet of ice, or dry floor such
as in a gymnasium. While these sports vary in specific rules, numbers of players,
apparel, and playing surface, they share broad characteristics of two opposing teams
using sticks to propel a ball or disk into a goal.

There are many types of hockey. Some games make the use of skates, either wheeled
or bladed, while others do not. In order to help make the distinction between these
various games, the word hockey is often preceded by another word, as in field
hockey, ice hockey, roller hockey, rink hockey, or floor hockey. In each of these
sports, two teams play against each other by trying to manoeuvre the object of play,
either a type of ball or a disk (such as a puck), into the opponent's goal using a hockey
stick. Two notable exceptions use a straight stick and an open disk (still referred to as
a puck) with a hole in the center instead. In most of the world, the term hockey when
used without clarification refers to field hockey, while in Canada, the United States,
Russia and most of Eastern and Northern Europe, the term usually refers to ice
hockey.
In more recent history, the word "hockey" is used in reference to either the summer
Olympic sport of field hockey, which is a stick and ball game, and the winter ice team
skating sports of bandy and ice hockey. This is because field hockey and other stick
and ball sports and their related variants preceded games which would eventually be
played on ice with ice skates, namely bandy and ice hockey, as well as sports
involving dry floors such as roller hockey and floor hockey. However, the "hockey"
referred to in common parlance often depends on locale, geography, and the size and
popularity of the sport involved. For example, in Europe, "hockey" more typically
refers to field hockey, whereas in Canada, it typically refers to ice hockey. In the case
of bandy, the game was initially called "hockey on the ice" and preceded the
organization and development of ice hockey, but was officially changed to "bandy"
in the early 20th century in order to avoid confusion with ice hockey, a separate sport.
Bandy, while related to other hockey games, derives some of its inspiration
from Association football.

TYPES OF HOCKEY:

1. Field hockey
- Field hockey is played on gravel, natural grass, or sand-
based or water-based artificial turf, with a small, hard ball
approximately 73 mm (2.9 in) in diameter. The game is
popular among both men and women in many parts of the
world, particularly in Europe, Asia, Australia, New
Zealand, South Africa, and Argentina. In most countries,
the game is played between single-sex sides, although they
can be mixed-sex.
The governing body is the 126-member International Hockey Federation (FIH). Men's
field hockey has been played at every Summer Olympic Games since 1908 except for
1912 and 1924, while women's field hockey has been played at the Summer Olympic
Games since 1980.

Modern field hockey sticks are constructed of a composite of wood, glass fibre or
carbon fibre (sometimes both) and are J-shaped, with a curved hook at the playing
end, a flat surface on the playing side and a curved surface on the rear side. All sticks
are right-handed – left-handed sticks are not permitted.

2. Ice hockey

- Ice hockey is played between two teams of skaters on a large

flat area of ice, using a three-inch-diameter
(76.2 mm) vulcanized rubber disc called a puck. This puck is
often frozen before high-level games to decrease the amount of
bouncing and friction on the ice. The game is played all over
North America, Europe and to varying extents in many other
countries around the world. It is the most popular sport
in Canada, Finland, Latvia, the Czech Republic,
and Slovakia. Ice hockey is the national sport of Latvia and the
national winter sport of Canada. Ice hockey is played at a number
of levels, by all ages. Ice hockey sticks are long L-shaped sticks
made of wood, graphite, or composites with a blade at the bottom
that can lie flat on the playing surface when the stick is held
upright and can legally curve either way, for left- or right-handed players.

3. Sledge Hockey

- Sledge hockey, a variant of ice hockey designed for players with physical
disabilities, was created in the 1960s and has since
been renamed, "Para-ice hockey".

Ice sledge hockey, or "para ice hockey", is a form of

ice hockey designed for players with
physical disabilities affecting their lower bodies.
Players sit on double-bladed sledges and use two
sticks; each stick has a blade at one end and small
picks at the other. Players use the sticks to pass,
stickhandle and shoot the puck, and to propel their
sledges. The rules are very similar to IIHF ice hockey rules.
4. Roller Hockey

- Roller hockey (in British English), rink

hockey (in American English) is a form
of hockey played on a dry surface using
wheeled skates. It can be played with
traditional roller skates (quad skates) or
with inline skates and use either a ball or
puck. Combined, roller hockey is played in
nearly 60 countries worldwide. Roller hockey
is played on both quad skates and inline
skates, have different rules and equipment,
and involve different types of skating but share the category and name of roller
hockey. Roller hockey (quad) is played using traditional quad roller skates, affording
greater maneuverability to the player - this results in games filled with fancy
footwork, tight maneuvering, and is more similar to football or basketball. The stick is
more or less the same as in bandy and shinty.

5. Floor Hockey
- is a broad term for several indoor floor game codes
which involve two teams using a stick and type of ball
or disk. Disks are either open or closed but both
designs are usually referred to as "pucks". These
games are played either on foot or with wheeled
skates. Variants typically reflect the style of ice
hockey, field hockey, bandy or some other
combination of sport. Games are commonly known by
various names including cosom hockey, ball
hockey, floorball, or simply floor hockey. Two floor
hockey variants involve the use of wheeled skates and
are categorized as roller sports under the title of roller hockey. Quad
hockey uses quad skates, commonly known as roller skates, and appears similar to
bandy, while inline hockey uses inline skates and is of the ice hockey variation.

All styles and codes are played on dry, flat floor surfaces such as a gymnasium or
basketball court. As in other hockey codes, players on each team attempt to shoot a
ball, disk or puck into a goal using sticks, some with a curved end and others a
straight, bladeless stick.
6. Street Hockey

- (also known as shinny, dek hockey, ball

hockey, road hockey or street roller hockey) is a
collection of team sport variants played outdoors
either on foot or with wheeled skates (either quad
or in-line), using either a ball or puck designed for
play on flat, dry surfaces. The object of every
game is to score more goals than the opposing
team by shooting the ball or puck into the
opposing team's net. Street hockey is commonly
played on an outdoor surface (often a street, parking lot, tennis court, or
other asphalt surface), which the genesis of the name street hockey. Teams are
selected by various methods but usually are selected by captains via alternate
selection of available players.

Street hockey in "pickup" form is generally played under the following guidelines
since there are no "official rules" for local pickup hockey:

 Physical contact between players is extremely limited to avoid injury.

 Minimal or no hockey equipment is worn by the runners, depending on players'
preferences.
 Players agree whether or not to allow slap shots and raising of the stick, both of
which can incur serious injury to players, as there is minimal or no equipment
worn.
 Players determine whether to use a hockey ball, a tennis ball, or a street hockey
puck.
 There is no referee except when agreed upon by both teams.

Equipment Needed:

1. Field Hockey

 Stick: J-shaped, flat on one side

 Ball: Small, hard plastic ball (~73 mm diameter)
 Footwear: Turf shoes or cleats
 Protective Gear:

 Shin guards
 Mouthguard
 Gloves (optional)
 Goalkeepers wear helmet, chest pad, padded gloves, leg guards, and kickers
2. Ice Hockey

 Stick: Long, L-shaped, with a curved blade (left or right-handed)

 Puck: Hard vulcanized rubber disk (76.2 mm diameter)
 Footwear: Ice skates
 Protective Gear:

 Helmet with face shield or cage

 Shoulder pads
 Elbow pads
 Shin guards
 Gloves
 Mouthguard and neck guard
 Goaltender: full mask, chest/arm protector, leg pads, blocker, catcher

3. Sledge Hockey (Para Ice Hockey)

 Stick: Two short sticks with metal picks on one end and blades on the other
 Puck: Standard ice hockey puck
 Sledge: Aluminum frame mounted on two skate blades
 Protective Gear:

 Helmet with cage

 Elbow and shoulder pads
 Gloves with reinforced palms
 Shin and knee protection
 Mouthguard

4.Roller Hockey (Inline)

 Stick: Similar to ice hockey sticks

 Puck or Ball: Depends on variation (puck in North America, ball in Europe)
 Footwear: Inline skates
 Protective Gear:

 Helmet with face shield or visor

 Gloves
 Shin and elbow pads
 Girdle with tailbone/coccyx pad
  Lightweight chest protector (optional)
 Goalie: similar to ice hockey but with lighter gear

5.Floor Hockey

 Stick: Plastic or foam blade with lightweight shaft

 Ball or Puck: Foam or plastic ball/puck
 Footwear: Standard gym shoes (indoor court surface)
 Protective Gear:

 Optional: shin guards, mouthguard

 Goalie: helmet, gloves, chest protector (if competitive)

6.Street Hockey

 Stick: Similar to ice or roller hockey stick (can be plastic or composite)

 Ball: Hard plastic street hockey ball (usually orange
 Footwear: Athletic shoes (played on asphalt or concrete)
 Protective Gear:

 Optional: gloves, shin guards, knee pads

 Goalie: helmet, pads, gloves (varies by level of play)