SEVENTH EDITION
Organic Chemistry
Robert Thornton Morrison
Robert Neilson Boyd
New York University
S. K. Bhattacharjee
Gauhati University
MORRMCTOC_8131704815_A.indd iii 8/25/10 2:54:07 PM
Authorized adaptation from the United States edition, entitled Organic Chemistry 6th Edition,
ISBN: 0136436692 by Morrison, Robert Thornton; Boyd, Robert Neilson; published by Pearson
Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall © 1992
Indian Subcontinent Adaptation
Copyright © 2011 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd
This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent,
resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior written consent in any form
of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition
including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser and without limiting the rights
under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or
introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise), without the prior written permission of both
the copyright owner and the above-mentioned publisher of this book.
Pearson Prentice Hall™ is a trademark of Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson® is a registered trademark of Pearson Plc.
Prentice Hall® is a registered trademark of Pearson Education, Inc.
ISBN 978-81-317-0481-3
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
This edition is manufactured in India and is authorized for sale only in India, Bangladesh,
Bhutan, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and the Maldives.
Published by Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd., licensees of Pearson Education in South Asia.
Head Office: 7th Floor, Knowledge Boulevard, A-8(A), Sector – 62, Noida, UP 201309, India.
Registered Office: 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi 110 017, India.
MORRMCTOC_8131704815_A.indd iv 8/25/10 2:54:07 PM
Contents
Preface xxv
Acknowledgements xxix
List of Reviewers xxxi
PART ONE
Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry
1 Structures of Organic Compounds 3
1.1 Organic chemistry 3
1.2 Structures and properties of molecules 5
1.3 Isomerism 6
1.4 Nomenclature of organic compounds 8
2 Structural Theory 15
2.1 Introduction 15
2.2 The chemical bond before 1926 16
2.3 Quantum mechanics 17
2.4 Shapes of atomic orbitals 18
2.5 Electronic configuration. Pauli exclusion principle 19
2.6 Molecular orbitals 20
2.7 The covalent bond 20
2.8 Types of MOs 22
2.9 Hybridization of orbitals 23
2.10 Hybridization and overlap 25
2.11 Energies of hybridization 26
2.12 Parameters of molecular geometry 26
MORRMCTOC_8131704815_A.indd v 8/25/10 2:54:07 PM