UNIT3 : GLOBALIZATION

I.PRE-READING ACTIVITES

A.Each picture represents a different field impacted by globalization. Below are the field titles.
Match each title with the picture it best represents.

a) Technology and Communication

b) Environment and Sustainability
c) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
d) Global Knowledge Exchange
e)Labor and Workforce
f)Global Trade and Commerce
g)Culture and Society

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1_______________________ 2____________________ 3 ___________________

4_____________________ 5___________________ 6 _______________________

7______________________

B.Form small groups and discuss each field you matched to a picture. For each field, share
your opinions on how globalization has impacted it. Consider both the positive and negative
effects.

POSITIVE EFFECTS NEGATIVE EFFECTS

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C. Match each word below to its correct definition. Use the context of the passage and the
definitions provided to make the best choice.

Word List Definitions

A. Changed or transformed the structure or

1 Affordable appearance of something.
B. Initiated or stimulated a particular action
2 Enhance or response.
C. Within financial reach; not too expensive.
3 Broaden D. Improved or intensified, often making
something better in quality or impact.
4 Prompted E. Customized or specifically adapted for a
certain purpose or individual needs.
5 Tailored F. Made more extensive in scope or range.
G. Never seen or experienced before; unique
6 Unprecedentd or without precedent.
H. The patterns or forces that drive changes
7. Dynamics within a system or group

8 Reshaped

D.Read each sentence and fill in the blank with the most suitable word from the list below .

a)Reshaped

b)Affordable

c)Enhance

d) Broaden

e) Prompted

f)Tailored

g) Unprecedented

h)Dynamics

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1. The increasing awareness of climate change has _______ governments to implement
stricter regulations on emissions.

2.The rapid advancement of technology in recent years has completely _______ how people
communicate and access information.

3. Many non-profit organizations work to make essential medicines more _______ for people
in low-income communities.

4.Teachers often use a variety of resources to _______ students' learning experiences, making
classes more engaging and effective.

5.Global trade has significantly _______ access to products from different cultures, allowing
consumers to enjoy a wide range of goods.

6. High-end designers often create _______ clothing for their clients, ensuring that each piece
meets specific personal preferences.

7. The scale of the recent global response to the pandemic has been _______ in modern
history, with widespread lockdowns and massive vaccine rollouts.

8. The social and cultural _______ within the workplace are constantly evolving, influenced
by trends, technology, and diversity.

D.Text Structure : Informational Texts : Cause-effect structure

Definition Cause Signals Effect Signals

(Indicating the reason)
(Indicating the outcome)
The cause-and-effect Because of Therefore
structure is a common Due to
approach in informational As a result
Owing to
texts. Since Consequently
It is used to logically connect As Thus
events, actions, or phenomena. The reason for
Caused by Hence
It examines the reasons
Causative verbs =Allow, causative verbs such as :
behind an outcome (causes)
and the consequences that Help, enable Result in
result from it (effects).
Lead to
Contribute

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 Help
Allow
enable

D.1Example : let’s study the following passage

The rise in global temperatures is largely caused by human activities, such as the
burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. As a result, greenhouse gases like carbon
dioxide accumulate in the atmosphere, trapping heat and warming the planet.
Consequently, climate change has led to more frequent extreme weather events,
including droughts, floods, and hurricanes. Because of rising sea levels, coastal
communities face increased risks of flooding and displacement. In addition, ecosystems
are affected, with some animal species struggling to adapt to the changing environment.
This highlights the urgent need for sustainable practices to mitigate the effects of climate

SIGNALS WORDS CAUSE EFFECT

Caused by Human activies Global temperatures

a result Greeenhouse gases

accumulate

Warming the plabet

Consequently Climate change Frequent extreme weather

events

Because Rising sea levels Increased risks of flooding

and dispalcement

are affected Animals struggling to adapt

D.2. Read the text below and fill in the following table with the appropriate word or

phrase.

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SIGNAL WORDS OR CAUSE EFFECT

PHRASES

SOURCE://www.oxfordscholastica.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-business-and-business-theory/ 1

II READING ACTIVITIES Globalization in World

Affairs

Globalization refers to the process by which businesses, technologies, ideas, cultures, and
political systems increasingly interact and become interconnected across the globe. This

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"Changes were made to the original text for pedagogical purposes.

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phenomenon has rapidly accelerated in recent decades due to advancements in technology,
communication, and transportation. Globalization influences almost every aspect of modern
life, from the economy and politics to culture and society.

One of the most significant effects of globalization is its impact on the global economy.
Trade barriers have lowered, making it easier for goods, services, and capital to flow freely
across borders. As a result, multinational corporations have flourished, while small businesses
must adapt to international competition. This economic integration has also led to greater
interdependence between countries, where economic crises in one region can quickly ripple
through the entire world.

In terms of culture, globalization has made the exchange of ideas and traditions more
widespread. People from different countries are more likely to share cultural experiences,
from music and movies to food and fashion. However, while globalization promotes cultural
diversity, it has also raised concerns about cultural homogenization. Some fear that local
traditions and languages may be overshadowed by dominant global cultures, particularly
Western values.

Another significant aspect of globalization is its influence on politics and international

relations. Global institutions such as the United Nations (UN), World Trade Organization
(WTO), and International Monetary Fund (IMF) have played pivotal roles in fostering
cooperation among countries. However, globalization has also brought about challenges like
economic inequality and environmental degradation, leading to political debates over the
extent to which nations should cooperate or protect their own interests.

The environment is another area profoundly affected by globalization. The global demand
for resources, energy, and goods has led to more intensive exploitation of natural resources.
This has contributed to issues such as climate change, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity.
Environmental problems now require international cooperation and policy agreements
since their impacts transcend national borders.

Despite its benefits, globalization has also sparked significant criticism. Critics argue that it
disproportionately benefits wealthy nations and multinational corporations, leaving poorer
countries vulnerable to exploitation. The rise of inequality, both within and between nations,
is often seen as one of the most troubling consequences of globalization.

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Vocabulary:

 Globalization: The increasing interconnection and integration of countries through

trade, communication, and culture.
 Multinational corporations: Companies that operate in multiple countries and often
influence global markets.
 Cultural homogenization: The process by which local cultures become similar due to
the dominance of global culture.
 Economic interdependence: A condition where countries rely on each other for
economic stability, trade, and growth.
 International institutions: Organizations that promote cooperation and governance at
a global level, such as the UN or WTO.
 Environmental degradation: The deterioration of the environment through activities
like pollution and deforestation.
 Inequality: The unequal distribution of resources, wealth, or opportunities within or
between countries.

Questions :

1. What are the primary drivers of globalization, and how have technological
advancements contributed to its growth?
2. In what ways has globalization affected the global economy, and what are the benefits
and drawbacks for developing countries?
3. How has globalization influenced cultural exchange, and what are the potential risks
of cultural homogenization?
4. What role do international institutions play in managing the challenges of
globalization? Can they effectively address issues like inequality and environmental
degradation?
5. How has globalization impacted political relations between countries, especially
regarding issues such as sovereignty and national interests?
6. Do you think the benefits of globalization outweigh the challenges? Why or why not?
7. What measures can be taken to ensure that the negative effects of globalization, such
as inequality and environmental harm, are minimized?
8. How has globalization influenced the global response to climate change, and what role
do international agreements play in addressing this issue?

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