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PART A: LISTENING. (5.0 POINTS)

Part 1. Listen and decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) according to what
you hear. Write your answers in the spaces provided. (1.0 point)
Question 1. There is a concert on Saturday night at Candie Gardens.
Question 2. The woman says that Hauteville House was the home of a famous writer.
Question 3. The guided walk in St Peter Port starts at 2.00 and lasts 1.5 hours.
Question 4. Tennerfest is a festival to celebrate sports.
Question 5. The man went the island of Jersey last year.
Part 2. You will hear a man called Dan Pearman, talking on the radio about Pedal Power, a UK
charity which sends bicycles to people in developing countries. Listen and circle the correct letter A, B,
or C for each of the following questions. (1.0 point)
Question 1. In 1993 Dan Pearman went to Ecuador __________.
A. as a tourist guide B. as part of his studies C. as a voluntary work
Question 2. Dan’s neighbour was successful in business because he __________.
A. employed carpenters from the area
B. was the most skilled craftsman in the town
C. found it easy to reach customers
Question 3. Dan says the charity relies on __________.
A. getting enough bicycles to send regularly
B. finding new areas which need bicycles
C. charging for the bicycles it sends abroad
Question 4. What does Dan say about the town of Rivas?
A. It has received the greatest number of bikes.
B. Its economy has been totally transformed.
C. It has almost as many bikes as Amsterdam.
Question 5. What problem did the charity face in August 2000?
A. It couldn’t meet its overheads.
B. It had to delay sending the bikes.
C. It was criticized in the British media.
Part 3. You will hear a conversation between two students, Maddie and John, who are planning a
biology experiment. Listen and fill in each blank with ONE WORD ONLY. (2.0 points)
Experiment Planning Form
Experimental hypothesis
That human activity (1) __________ on crabs at the beach
Variables
Visitor numbers overall number of visitors
Time of day changes in number of people and (2) __________ level
(3) __________ rubbish left by visitors to the beach
Constants:
 (4) __________ rubbish
 boat pollution
Available beaches and usage levels:
Main town beach high use
Beach over the hill Little use
Sandy Point No use; (5) __________
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Experimental methods
Count crab holes:
 over a set time (6) __________
 in a defined area of sand
 the same (7) __________ from the sea
Equipments: (3 of each)
 measuring (8) __________, balls of string, small posts
 mobile phones to check that we start and stop at the same time
 stop watches for timing
 (9) __________ to see night
Observations:
 Initial time period: one hour/ day and night
 Total observation period: 20 hours over a (10) __________
Part 4. Listen to the talk and complete the notes with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR
NUMBER. (1.0 point)
The Pi Le is (1) __________ cm long and has 7 open holes.
Its melodies can show the joy, (2) __________ or an excitement.
The Giay possess a rich and (3) __________ culture.
The players in Pi Le troupes can be old or (4) __________.
Despite the easy (5) __________ musical instruments, the Pi Le is still important in the Giay’s daily life.

PART B: GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY. (5.0 POINTS)

I. Circle the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. (2.0 points)
Question 1. I think you will pass this examination, __________?
A. won’t you B. don’t you C. won’t I D. don’t I
Question 2. Each of the reference __________ available in the school library.
A. book on that list are B. books on that list are
C. book on that list is D. books on that list is
Question 3. It’s true that __________ rich lead a different life from __________ poor.
A. a/a B. the /the C. the/x D. x/x
Question 4. We are looking forward to a bumper __________.
A. crop B. village C. countryside D. light house
Question 5. __________ the students in this school is about three thousand, __________ of whom are
girls.
A. A number of - two third B. A number of - two thirds
C. The number of - two thirds D. The number of - two third
Question 6. A village is often __________ than a city.
A. more densely populated B. less densely populated
C. more densely populating D. less densely populating
Question 7. He spent the entire night thinking and in the end __________ a brilliant idea.
A. came up with B. put up with
C. come up with D. put through
Question 8. Here are your photos. We __________ at the photographer’s.
A. got them developed B. had them develop
C. develop them D. got them to develop

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Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or
sentences to make a meaningful exchange in each of the following questions.
Question 9.
a. Nam: That’s too bad. You should eat a lot of chicken noodle soup.
b. Nam: No, it’s not. I feel terrible. I can’t breathe very well. And I keep sneezing.
c. Mark: Hey, Regina. Is your cold any better?
A. c-a-b B. b-c-a C. c-b-a D. a-c-b
Question 10.
a. Alex: Oh. How should I get to my doctor’s appointment? Drive? Take a taxi?
b. Sue: I’ll probably take the subway to the station and then walk from there.
c. Alex: What’s the traffic like downtown today?
d. Alex: It’s pretty bad. One of the traffic lights is broken, so all the traffic is backing up.
e. Sue: A taxi won’t be any faster than driving.
A. c-b-a-e-d B. c-e-d-b-a C. d-b-a-e-c D. c-d-a-e-b
II. Give the correct form of the word given in each sentence. (1.0 point)
Question 1. She looks more __________ than her sister. (BEAUTY)
Question 2. The __________ you can find in Sapa include the Hmong, Dao, and Tay. (ETHNIC)
Question 3. The northern part of our country was slow to __________. (INDUSTRY)
Question 4. The Tai are known for their __________ garments and their houses on stilts. (WEAVE)
Question 5. The Internet is very __________, it takes up a lot of our time. (ADDICT)
Question 6. Face to face __________ is better than Skype video calls. (COMMUNICATE)
Question 7. Encouraging children to eat and drink __________ is very important. (HEALTH)
Question 8. It is a quiet fishing village with a __________ harbour. (PICTURE)
Question 9. __________ when dining, South Koreans use cushions to sit on the floor and eat from a low
table. (TRADITION)
Question 10. People usually hang __________ items on Kumpuat trees at Tet. (DECORATE)
III. Complete each sentence with the correct form of ONE of the phrasal verbs below. Write your
answers in the numbered spaces provided. Each verb is used ONLY once. (1.0 point)
run out of cut down on get on with draw up put out turn off
Question 1. By the time the firefighters arrived, the neighbors __________ most of the flames
themselves.
Question 2. The manager suggested __________ unnecessary expenses to help the company save money.
Question 3. While he __________ the side of the street, he came across his girl friend there.
Question 4. They promised __________ fuel soon if the shipment didn’t arrive in time.
Question 5. She kept __________ her work despite the constant interruptions from her colleagues.

PART C: READING. (5.0 POINTS)

I. Read the following passage and circle letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions. (2.0 points)
Thanks to our modern lifestyle, with more and more time spent sitting down in front of computers than
ever before, the number of overweight people is at a new high. As people frantically search for a solution
to this problem, they often try some of the popular fad diets being offered. Many people see fad diets as
innocuous ways of losing weight, and they are grateful to have them. Unfortunately, not only don’t fad
diets usually do the trick, they can actually be dangerous for your health.
Although permanent weight loss is the goal, few are able to achieve it. Experts estimate that 95 percent
of dieters return to their starting weight, or even add weight. While the reckless use of fad diets can bring
some initial results, long-term results are very rare.
Nonetheless, people who are fed up with the difficulties of changing their eating habits often turn to
fad diets. Rather than being moderate, fad diets involve extreme dietary changes. They advise eating only

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one type of food, or they prohibit other types of foods entirely. This results in a situation where a
person’s body doesn’t get all the vitamins and other things that it needs to stay healthy.
One popular fad diet recommends eating lots of meat and animal products, while nearly eliminating
carbohydrates. A scientific study from Britain found that this diet is very high in fat. According to the
study, the increase of damaging fats in the blood can lead to heart disease and, in extreme cases, kidney
failure. Furthermore, diets that are too low in carbohydrates can cause the body to use its own muscle for
energy. The less muscle you have, the less food you use up, and the result is slower weight loss.
Veteran dieters may well ask at this point, “What is the ideal diet?” Well, to some extent, it depends on
the individual. A United States government agency has determined that to change your eating habits
requires changing your psychology of eating, and everyone has a different psychology. That being said,
the British study quoted above recommends a diet that is high in carbohydrates and high in fiber, with
portions of fatty foods kept low. According to the study, such a diet is the best for people who want to
stay healthy, lose weight, and keep that weight off. And, any dieting program is best undertaken with a
doctor’s supervision.
(Adapted from https://www.tuyensinh247.com)
Question 1. What is the author’s main point?
A. Reckless fat dieting probably takes weight off the fastest.
B. Most people shouldn’t try to lose weight.
C. High-protein diets can make you sick.
D. Fad diets are ineffective and unsafe; high-carbohydrate, low-fat diets are best.
Question 2. According to the passage, why are there more overweight people nowadays?
A. They are using fad diets. B. They spend a lot of time in front of computers.
C. They have heart disease. D. They are eating more protein than ever before.
Question 3. After losing weight by dieting, what usually happens to people?
A. They have kidney failure. B. They gain weight back again.
C. They keep the weight off. D. They have less muscle.
Question 4. In which paragraph does the writer mention a fad diet, which, being too extreme, doesn’t
give the body everything it needs?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Question 5. Which is not mentioned as an effect of the meat and animal product diet?
A. Heart disease B. Slower weight loss
C. Psychological changes D. Kidney failure
Question 6. According to the passage, why does the ideal diet depend in the individual?
A. The less muscle you have, the less food you use up.
B. Everyone can gain weight back.
C. Everyone has a different psychology.
D. Everyone likes different food.
Question 7. According to the passage, what diet does a British study recommend?
A. A meat and animal product diet
B. A diet high in carbohydrates, low in fiber, and high in fat
C. A fad diet but with healthier foods
D. A diet high in carbohydrates, low in fiber, and low in fat
Question 8. The word innocuous in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to __________.
A. safe B. harmful C. secure D. healthy
Question 9. What does the word this in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. changing eating habits B. that people change their habits
C. extreme dietary change D. eating one type of food

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Question 10. What does the writer imply in the last paragraph?
A. There are many different ways of dieting.
B. The best way of dieting is psychological.
C. There is no such a thing called best diet for all.
D. Dieting takes a lot of psychology.
II. Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each
of the blanks. (2.0 points)
In summary, for most visitors, the Japanese are complex and difficult to understand. The graceful act
of bowing is the traditional (1) __________. However, they have also adopted the western custom of
shaking hands, but with a light grip. Meanwhile, to (2) __________ respect for their customs, it would
flatter them to offer a slight bow when being (3) __________. It is a good idea to avoid hugging and
kissing when greeting. It is considered rude to stare. Prolonged direct eye contact is considered to be (4)
__________ or even intimidating. It is rude to stand (5) __________ your hand or hands in your pockets,
especially when greeting someone (6) __________ when addressing a group of people. The seemingly
simple act of exchanging business cards ismore complex in Japan because the business card represents
not only one’s identity but also his (7) __________ in life. Yours should be printed in your own language
and in Japanese. The Japanese are not a touch-oriented society, (8) __________ avoid open displays of
affection, touching or any prolonged form of body contact. Queues are generally respected; especially (9)
__________ crowded train and subway stations where the huge volume of people causes touching and
(10) __________.
(Adapted from https://www.tailieumoi.vn)
Question 1. A. practice B. part C. greeting D. gesture
Question 2. A. draw B. show C. pay D. point
Question 3. A. introduced B. presented C. invited D. welcomed
Question 4. A. impolitely B. impoliteness C. politely D. impolite
Question 5. A. about B. for C. with D. upon
Question 6. A. or B. either C. but D. nor
Question 7. A. career B. status C. rank D. position
Question 8. A. but B. therefore C. also D. so
Question 9. A. in B. on C. of D. at
Question 10. A. pulling B. dragging C. pushing D. forcing
III. Read the passage and decide whether the statements are True (T), False (F). Write your answers
in provided gaps. (1.0 point)
The increase in urbanization causes different problems. Air and water pollution are amongst the major
issue we have to tackle.
In the first page, cars, factories and burning waste emit dangerous gases that change the air quality in
our cities and pose threats to our heath. Dangerous gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides
cause respiratory diseases, for instant, bronchitis and asthma. Those are also proved to have long- term
effects on the environment.
Futhermore, with the increased population, it becomes difficult to manage the waste generated in
cities. Most of the waste is discharged or dumped into rivers or onto streets. The waste pollutes water and
makes it unfit gor human consumption. Subsequently, it becomes more and more difficult for city
dwellers to get clean water. Some cities in Africa are unable to provide adequate water supply because
most of the water is lost in pipe leakages. In fact, most city dwellers in developing countries are forced to
boil their water or to buy bottle water, which is very expensive.
There are several actions that could be taken the eradicate the problem described above. Firstly, a
simple solution would be joining community efforts to addresss problem affecting your city. Ask your
parents, friends and relatives to join in as well. These efforts might include clean-up campaigns, recycling
projects and a signature campaign to ask the government to do something about these problems and to
discuss how young people can help to solve them.
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(Adapted from https://www.tuyensinh247.com)

Question 1. Air pollution caused by cars, factories, and burning waste poses no threats to human health.
Question 2. Urbanization makes it challenging to manage waste in cities.
Question 3. All cities in Africa can provide sufficient clean water to their residents.
Question 4. The text mentions that boiling water is a solution for city dwellers in developing countries.
Question 5. The text explains how young people can participate in addressing urban problems.

PART D. WRITING. (5.0 POINTS)

I. Finish the second sentence in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before. (1.6
points)
Question 1. I’d rather you didn’t phone me at work.
 I would prefer
_______________________________________________________________________
Question 2. It would have been a super weekend if it hadn’t been for the weather.
 But _______________________________________________________________________________
Question 3. She gets fat. She feels tired.
 The
_______________________________________________________________________________
Question 4. Please don’t make our teacher annoyed by such silly questions.
 I’d rather __________________________________________________________________________
Question 5. She reported that the flowers were killed by frost.
 The flowers ________________________________________________________________________
Question 6. We all thought Bill’s story was very amusing.
 We were all very ____________________________________________________________________
Question 7. He is very kind to donate money to the charity.
 It’s _______________________________________________________________________________
Question 8. While we were going home, we had an accident.
 While we were on
____________________________________________________________________
II. Rewrite the following sentence with the given words in such a way that the second sentence has the
same meaning. Do not chance the form of the words in the bracket. (1.4 points)
Question 1. This hotel is inaccessible in winter. (POSSIBLE)
 It’s not ____________________________________________________________________________
Question 2. It was not a good idea for you to refuse the offer of that job. (DOWN)
 You should
_________________________________________________________________________
Question 3. The film is not as interesting as the novel was. (MUCH)
 The novel
__________________________________________________________________________
Question 4. Don’t sit in front of the computer for too long,’ our teacher told us. (WARNED)
 Our teacher
_________________________________________________________________________
Question 5. We should use gasoline sparingly. (ECONOMIZE)
 We _______________________________________________________________________________
Question 6. He succeeded in impressing his boss with his innovative ideas. (MANAGED)
 He _______________________________________________________________________________
Question 7. They share a lot of hobbies and interests. (COMMON)
 They have
__________________________________________________________________________

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III. Paragraph writing. (2.0 points)

Robots will replace teachers at school. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? In about 150-180
words, write a paragraph to show your opinion.
---------- THE END ----------
HƯỚNG DẪN CHẤM MÔN TIẾNG ANH - LỚP 8
Năm học: 2024 - 2025

PART A: LISTENING. (5.0 POINTS)

PART 1. (1.0 point)
0.2 points for each correct answer
Listen and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to what you
hear.
1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T
PART 2. (1.0 point)
0.2 points for each correct answer
Listen and circle the correct answer, A, B or C according to what you hear.
1. C 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A
PART 3. (2.0 points)
Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY taken from the recording for each blank.
0.2 points for each correct answer
1. impacts 2. noise 3. edible 4. floating 5. control
6. period 7. distance 8. tapes 9. goggles 10. fortnight
PART 4. Listen to the talk and complete the notes with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR
NUMBER. (1.0 point)
0.2 points for each correct answer
1. 30 to 40
2. sadness
3. diverse
4. young
5. Access

PART B: LEXICO-GRAMMAR. (5.0 POINTS)

I. Circle the word or phrase that best completes each sentence (2.0 points)
0.2 points for each correct answer
1. A
2. D
3. B
4. A
5. C
6. B
7. A
8. A
9. C
10. D
II. Give the correct form of the word given in each sentence. (2.0 points)
0.2 points for each correct answer
1. beautiful
2. ethnicities
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3. industrialize
4. woven
5. addictive
6. communication
7. healthily
8. picturesque
9. traditionally
10. decorative
III. Complete each sentence with the correct form of ONE of the phrasal verbs below. Write your
answers in the numbered spaces provided. Each verb is used ONLY once. (1.0 point)
0.2 points for each correct answer
1. had put out
2. cutting down on
3. was drawing up
4. to run out of
5. getting on with

PART C: READING. (5.0 POINTS)

I. Read the following passage and choose the best options to answer the questions or complete the
sentences. (2.0 points)
0.2 points for each correct answer
1.D
2.B
3.B
4.D
5.C
6.C
7.D
8.B
9.C
10. C
II. Read the passage and choose the best answers to complete it by circling A, B, C, or D. (2.0 points)
0.2 points for each correct answer
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. C
6. A
7. B
8. A
9. D
10. C
III. Read the passage and decide whether the statements are True (T), False (F). Write your answers
in the gaps provided. (1.0 point)
0.2 points for each correct answer
1. F 2.T 3. F 4.T 5.T

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PART D. WRITING. (5.0 POINTS)

I. Finish the second sentence in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before. (1.6
points)
0.2 points for each correct answer
1. I would prefer you not to phone me at work.
2. But for the weather, it would have been a super weekend.
3. The fatter she gets, the more tired she feels.
4. I’d rather you didn’t annoy our teacher with such silly questions.
5.The flowers were reported to have been killed by frost.
6. We were all very amused by Bill’s story.
7. It’s very kind of him to donate money to the charity.
8. While we were on the way home, we saw an accident.
II. Rewrite the following sentence with the given words in such a way that the second sentence has the
same meaning. Do not chance the form of the words in the bracket. (1.4 points)
0.2 points for each correct answer
1. It’s not possible to reach this hotel in winter.
2. You should not/ shouldn’t turn down the offer of that job.
3. The novel was much more interesting than the film.
4. Our teacher warned us not to sit in front of the computer for too long.
Our teacher warned us against sitting in front of the computer for too long.
5. We should economize on gasoline.
6. He managed to impress his boss with his innovative ideas.
7. They have a lot of hobbies and interest in common.
III. Paragraph writing. (2.0 points)
Robots will replace teachers at school. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? In about 150-
180 words, write a paragraph to show your opinion. (2.0 points)
The impression mark is based on the following scheme:
1. Format (0.2 pts): the passage has 3 parts (Introduction - Body - Conclusion).
2. Content (1.0 pt): a provision of main ideas and details as appropriate to the main idea.
3. Language (0.4 pts): a variety of vocabulary and structures appropriate to the level of secondary gifted
students.
4. Presentation (0.4 pts): coherence, cohesion, and style appropriate to the level of secondary gifted
students.

AUDIOSCRIPTS
Part 1.
Woman: Hello, can I help?
Man: Well, I’m just looking for things to do here in Guernsey.
Woman: Sure, well, I can show you a few things. Here’s a map of the capital, St. Peter Port. This is
Castle Cornet. It’s over 800 years old. Once, the sea went all around it, but now you can walk there. In
fact, there’s a concert at the castle on Saturday night. Do you like classical music?
man: Yes, I do.
Woman: Well, a symphony orchestra is performing Beethoven’s 9th symphony. It’s a great place to hear
it. A great atmosphere.
Man: Sounds good. I’ll think about that. What else is there to see?
Woman: If you’re interested in history, go to the St James concert hall. You can see an interesting
tapestry which shows the history of the island.
Man: Sounds interesting.
Woman: It is. The Candie Gardens are here, and this is Hauteville House. The French writer Victor Hugo
lived here. Did you know that?

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Man: No, I didn’t.

Woman: Of course, there are lots of shops, here, and there are lots of lovely cafes next to the harbour
where you can relax with a coffee.
Man: Where’s the best place to go walking?
Woman: Oh, there are super places to go walking. Cliff paths, country lanes… You can join a guided
walk if you like, or explore the island by yourself.
Man: A guided walk? That sounds like a good idea.
Woman: Yes, we have guided walks on lots of different topics. The leaders are experts in subjects like
history or nature. Here’s a list of the guided walks available.
Man: What’s on today?
Woman: Let’s see. Well, there’s a guided walk around St Peter Port today. It’ll take you around the
major sites and the guide will give you a potted history lesson! It costs 5 pounds and lasts an hour and a
half.
Man: Sounds good. What time’s that?
Woman: Two o’clock.
Man: Can I buy tickets here?
Woman: No, but you’ll meet your guide right here, outside the door of the information centre. You can
pay then.
Man: Great. Are there any others?
Woman: Well, sadly it was our Autumn walking week last week. We had lots of different tours all over
the island, to the reservoir, the wine region, along the canal - but that’s all finished now.
Man: What a shame. I would have enjoyed that.
Woman: But you can buy our booklet of self-guided walks and visit these places by yourself.
Man: This one?
Woman: Yes, it costs £7.50. There you are. I’d really recommend this walk here - along the west coast.
The cliff path is really dramatic here.
Man: Okay. This looks good. I’ll buy it. Another thing, I keep seeing signs for Tennerfest - what’s that?
Woman: Tennerfest? Oh, that’s our food festival! It’s great. Lots of restaurants offer really good meals
for just ten pounds.
Man: Oh, is that why it’s called Tennerfest, because everything costs a tenner?
Woman: Yes, that’s it.
Man: Is it on now?
Woman: It starts on Saturday - in two days time.
Man: Sounds as if I’ve come just at the right time then. How long is it on?
Woman: It lasts a full six weeks. Here’s a list of the participating restaurants.
Man: Wonderful. Any recommendations?
Woman: Oo, well they’re all good, but last year I had crab at the Atlantic Hotel. It was excellent.
Man: Mmm!
Woman: The ten pound menus aren’t available all day though, so make sure you check the leaflet.
Man: Oh yes, the menu at the Atlantic is only available from midday until two.
Woman: Yes. They’ll all be like that. But it’s really worth it. And ferry trips to Jersey are cheaper
during Tennerfest, so if you’re interested in visiting that island too, you’ve come at the right time.
Man: Well, I wasn’t planning it. I went there last year. It was a bit busy for my liking.
Woman: Okay, well, if you change your mind you can get times and prices from the Condor Ferries
office, on the quay. Is there anything else I can help you with?
Man: Er, no thanks. I think that’s everything thank you. Can I just pay for this book?
Part 2.
My name’s Dan Pearman and I’d like to talk about the work of Pedal Power, a small charity based mainly
in the UK. I’ll be giving our contact details at the end, if anyone would like to find out more about how to
support us.
But first, how the charity began. I got the idea of exporting bicycles to developing countries while I was
in Ecuador. I went there in 1993 just after graduating from university. After three years of studying, I
wanted adventure. I loved travelling, so I decided to join a voluntary organisation and was sent to

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Ecuador to carry out land surveys. The project came to an end after five years and when I returned to the
UK in 1998, I started planning Pedal Power.
Where I lived in Ecuador was a very rural area. My neighbour had the only bicycle in the village, whereas
everyone else walked everywhere. My neighbour’s business was unusually successful, and for years I
couldn’t understand why. Then I realised having a bike meant he could get where he wanted to go without
much trouble. Other local carpenters could only accept jobs in a three-kilometre radius, so no matter how
skilled they were, they could never do as many jobs as my neighbour.
At Pedal Power, we collect second-hand bikes in the UK and send them to some of the poorest regions in
the world. When we distribute bikes overseas we don’t give them away for free. We’d like to, but long
term that doesn’t really help the local economy. The demand for bikes is enormous, which makes them
very expensive locally So we sell them for 5% of the normal price. But in order to continue operating we
need to have a constant supply of bikes which we send out every six months.
One example of a town that’s received bicycles from Pedal Power is Rivas. It was the first place I sent a
full container of bicycles to. Most people there now own a bicycle. The local economy has developed so
much, you wouldn’t recognise it as the same place. In fact, there are more bikes than on the streets of
Amsterdam, if you’ve ever been there.
But Pedal Power still needs your help. You may have read about some of our recent problems in the
British media. In August 2000, we simply ran out of money. We had containers of bikes ready to send,
but no money to pay the bills. It was a terrible situation. We managed to ensure the bikes went out on
time, but the other problems carried on for several months.
Fortunately in October 2001 we won an Enterprise Award which helped us enormously. We invested
fifteen of the seventy-five-thousand-pound prize money to help secure our future. Winning the award
helped raise our profile, and the money enabled us to pay all our shipping costs, which represent our
greatest expense. Pedal Power changes lives - when someone gets a bicycle from us, they see a 14%
increase in their income.
We’re currently looking to invest in computers so that our office staff can do an even better job. Because
of our work, people in a number of countries now have a better standard of living - so far we’ve provided
46,000 people with bikes. But we’d like to send more, at least 50,000 by the end of the year.
Now there are many ways in which you can support the work of Pedal Power, not just by taking a bike to
a collection in your area. I should also like to say if you do have a bike to donate, it doesn’t matter what
condition it’s in - if we can’t repair it, we’ll strip it down for spare parts. Of course, to do that we always
need tools, which are expensive to buy, so we welcome any that you can give. Also, you could help by
contacting the voluntary staff at our offices, they’ll be able to suggest activities you could organize to
bring in funds for us. People do all kinds of things - including, of course, s d bike rides. Also, we’re
always interested to hear of other places that would benefit from receiving a consignment of bikes, and
welcome suggestions from people who’ve been to developing regions on their travels. We hope that by
talking on radio programme like this, we will be able to raise public awareness, which will lead to
government organizations also giving us regular financial support, something that we really need.
If you’d like some more information about where to donate an old bicycle or offer help in other ways
please contact us on...
Part 3.
MADDIE: OK, John. We’re studying the crabs on the local beaches, right?
JOHN: Yep.
MADDIE: And we’ve got this form to fill in. So, our idea is that we find out if there’s any impact from
people using the beach …
JOHN: … and the rubbish they leave.
MADDIE: And there’s other rubbish too, like from passing boats.
JOHN: Oh, right … so our experimental hypothesis is that people’s use of the beach impacts on the crabs
living in the sand.
MADDIE: To include everything we probably need to write down human activity.
JOHN: Fair enough, I agree. OK, so what are we including as our variables? Of course, the first one has
to be the overall number of visitors to the beach, right?

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MADDIE: Yeah, on the form I’ll call that … visitor numbers. JOHN: OK … and then another one is time
of day…
MADDIE: …yeah, I think Mr Benn said we need to look at the beach when it’s busy in the daytime,
when people are running around, those fourwheel bikes are charging up and down, so the noise levels are
really high…
JOHN: Yeah….and again at night when it’s quiet.
MADDIE: OK fine….and I was wondering…
JOHN: What?
MADDIE: What if some of the rubbish and food that people leave around is actually tasty for the crabs?
JOHN: Good thinking. So, another variable is whether people actually feed the crabs, without meaning
to. How can we phrase that? Um … people feeding the crabs?
MADDIE: No, that won’t do, they’re not doing it on purpose … How about … umm … food left on the
beach?
JOHN: Yes OK, but can we make that shorter? How about … edible rubbish?
MADDIE: Yes, good … So, we need to have several beaches, don’t we? … You know, at least one that’s
hard for people to get to, that has almost no rubbish, and others with more visitors.
JOHN: Yes, that’s right … though of course there’ll still be floating stuff from the sea on all the beaches,
and pollution from passing boats, won’t there?
MADDIE: True … I guess we have to take those as constants.
JOHN: Well, we have three beaches to work with — the first one is the busy beach right in the town
alongside the promenade. That’ll be perfect for the high use one. MADDIE: Right.
JOHN: Then, there’s the little bay round the corner that you can only reach on foot by going over the hill,
so I guess not so many people visit that one.
MADDIE: No, but some do. It’s quite popular in summer for picnics.
JOHN: Yeah, so it gets a little use, but not that much.
MADDIE: And do we have one where no one goes, as a control?
JOHN: Well, Mr Benn has asked a farmer to let us go across his land to another one the public never gets
to.
MADDIE: Oh, right, I remember. It’s called Sandy Point, isn’t it?
JOHN: Yeah, that’s right.
MADDIE: OK. So, what’s our experimental method? How are we going to judge if the crabs are affected
or not? And how can we measure three beaches with two observers?
JOHN: Don’t worry about that; my younger brother will help us out. He’s really keen. So, we’ll need to
count the crabs - or at least their holes in the sand - during a particular time period, count how many we
see.
MADDIE: Yeah OK, so we need to be precise about the time, uh, and surely we need to choose a specific
part of the beach to measure?
JOHN: Yeah that’s right. So we need things to measure the time and the area with, right … what else do
we need to think about?
MADDIE: Well, to compare the beaches properly we’ll need to visit them all first, won’t we? … To see
the lay of the land. Because we also need to set the identical distance from the actual water’s edge, for
each beach … and of course that will change as the tide goes in and out. Let’s see … we’ll need
measuring tapes and string and little posts to mark the area - shall we say two square metres, three or
maybe four metres from the water’s edge? That should give us some leeway with the tide coming in.
JOHN: And to do it properly, we’ll each have to be in position at the same time, so we’ll all need mobile
phones to synchronise the observation periods, and stop watches to time the observation precisely.
MADDIE: So …. one more question … how are we going to see them at night? And will we need to
count holes again, in the dark? Oh, that’s 2 questions, sorry!
JOHN: Yes, well, we will need to count again each time … the holes come and go, apparently, as the
crabs are quite mobile - they steal each others’ homes too, so if a larger intruder comes along, the

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previous owner digs himself another hole. As for the night vision problem, the department’s
got goggles for that - so, what else?
MADDIE: Well, we need to think about timing, don’t we? Do we sit for an hour … or two hours …at a
time?
JOHN: Let’s say an hour for starters. Remember we have to do this again after dusk - I’ve read that most
crabs are nocturnal anyway.
MADDIE: Yeah, so how many times do we need to repeat all this? For two weeks, d’you reckon? Or
longer?
JOHN: Well, that’s 28 hours’ total observation time; that’ll make it harder for doing the stats, won’t it?
MADDIE: Yeah, that’s true. So how about we go for a fortnight, adding up to 20 hours in total. That’ll
allow for any bad weather.
JOHN: Yeah … sounds fine to me …
Part 4.
The Pi Le woodwind has a bronze mouthpiece and a bell. The tube is 30 to 40cm long and has 7 open
holes. The player blows into the Pi Le and fingers the holes to make different sounds.
A Hu said: “I’m a Giay man and I love my group’s traditional musical instrument. Playing the Pi Le is a
way to preserve Giay culture.”
The Giay have melodies that express the mood and atmosphere of any event: joy at a wedding ceremony,
sadness at a funeral, and excitement at a festival. The Pi Le is only played at important events.
Nguyen Van Tam, Vice Chairman of Ban Qua commune’s People’s Committee, said the Giay have a rich
and diverse culture, exemplified by the Pi Le instrument and melodies.
“Ban Qua hamlet has encouraged Pi Le players to teach young people to play this traditional musical
instrument and form more Pi Le troupes,” Tam said.
Ethnic people now have access to modern musical instruments, but the Giay in Bat Xat district still
treasure the Pi Le clarinet as an important part of their culture.
Listen again

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