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Heavy equipment Learning Track
Power Train course
Eng/ Mohamed Rabiei
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Objective of Lecture
1) Define the function of hydraulic couplers
2) Identify the mechanism of fluid coupling
3) Explain function of hydraulic coupling
4) Analyze the principle of vortex and impeller flow
What do you know about
Hydraulic mechanisms used to transmit power ??
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Activity 1 (20 min)
QUESTION
Using chat gpt APP try to determine the following question
What do you know about Hydraulic mechanisms used to transmit
power?
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Final Drive
Transmission
Differential
Engine
TC
Final Drive
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Hydraulic mechanisms used to transmit
power
Fluid coupling Torque converter Torque divider
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How does hydraulic couplers work??
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mechanical power
Mechanical power
Fluid power to drive the
from the engine
output shaft
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what is a fluid coupling
A device that can transfer rotary motion from one shaft to a
second shaft by fluid flow
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impeller turbine
ENGINE Transmission
Housing
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Why Fluid coupling?
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Engine Stalling
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Drive train shock
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Efficiency under varying speed and
power requirements
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sense torque requirements
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fluid cushion
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Transfer of rotary motion requires two
types of fluid flow
Rotary flow Vortex flow
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same speed - no vortex flow
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60KM 60KM
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Turbine slowing – vortex flow initiated
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30KM 60KM
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Turbine stop – maximum vortex flow
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STOP 60KM
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Turbine rotate at near impeller speed
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Turbine rotate slower and vortex flow increase
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𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐮𝐭𝐩𝐮𝐭 𝐓𝐨𝐫𝐪𝐮𝐞
𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐑𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨 =
𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐈𝐧𝐩𝐮𝐭 𝐓𝐨𝐫𝐪𝐮𝐞
If converter have stall ratio 4.8 that mean torque converter can drive to
transmission 4.8-foot pound to every 1 foot-pound from engine
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the fluid coupling facts
The fluid coupling transmits rotary motion of the engine
to the drive train only by means of fluid flow
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There are two types of fluid flow
➢ rotary flow
➢ vortex flow
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The impeller serves as a pump to direct fluid against the turbine
blades to produce turbine rotation
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The slower the turbine is rotating in relation to impeller speed the
greater is the impact of fluid on its blades
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the fluid coupling is a "fluid cushion" that prevent engine
stalling
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Summary
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impeller turbine
ENGINE Transmission
Housing
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Engine Stalling
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Drive train shock
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Efficiency under varying speed and
power requirements
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sense torque requirements
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fluid cushion
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same speed - no vortex flow
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Turbine slowing – vortex flow initiated
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Turbine stop – maximum vortex flow
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𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐮𝐭𝐩𝐮𝐭 𝐓𝐨𝐫𝐪𝐮𝐞
𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐑𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨 =
𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐈𝐧𝐩𝐮𝐭 𝐓𝐨𝐫𝐪𝐮𝐞
If converter have stall ratio 4.8 that mean torque converter can drive to
transmission 4.8-foot pound to every 1 foot-pound from engine
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