Detailed Steps for All Experiments in CCL Lab Manual (2025)
Experiment 1: Study of NIST Cloud Computing Model
Objective: Understand deployment models, service models, and cloud computing benefits.
Steps:
1. Understand the meaning of Cloud: It refers to remote servers providing services via the
internet.
2. Understand Cloud Computing: Accessing and managing hardware/software remotely
through the cloud.
3. Learn about Deployment Models:
○ Public Cloud: Open for public use, e.g., Google Drive.
○ Private Cloud: Used by one organization only, e.g., internal cloud of a company.
○ Hybrid Cloud: Mix of public and private, e.g., confidential data on private, rest on
public.
○ Community Cloud: Shared by related organizations.
4. Learn about Service Models:
○ IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): Virtual machines, storage.
○ PaaS (Platform as a Service): Developer platforms like Google App Engine.
○ SaaS (Software as a Service): Web-based apps like Gmail.
5. Learn characteristics: On-demand service, resource pooling, broad access, elasticity,
and measured service.
6. Understand risks: Security, data deletion, vendor lock-in, etc.
Experiment 2: Desktop Virtualization
Objective: Understand types of virtualization and implement desktop virtualization.
Steps:
1. Download and install virtualization software like VMware Workstation or Oracle
VirtualBox.
2. Click "New" to create a virtual machine.
3. Configure:
○ Assign RAM (at least 2GB)
○ Choose CPU cores (1 or 2)
○ Allocate Hard Disk Size (e.g., 20 GB)
4. In "Storage" tab, attach an ISO file of the OS (e.g., Ubuntu).
5. Click Start, install the OS step-by-step like on a physical machine.
6. After setup, you can use the virtual desktop.
Experiment 3: AWS EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
Objective: Use AWS EC2 to launch a virtual server.
Steps:
1. Sign in to AWS → Go to EC2 service.
2. Click Launch Instance → Choose Amazon Linux 2 AMI.
3. Select t2.micro (free-tier eligible).
4. In Configure Instance:
○ Choose default VPC and subnet.
○ Enable auto-assign public IP.
5. In Add Storage, keep default.
6. Add Tags (optional).
7. Configure Security Group:
○ Allow SSH (port 22) from My IP.
8. Download .pem key pair and launch the instance.
Use Secure Shell Chrome extension or Git Bash to SSH into instance:
chmod 400 your-key.pem
ssh -i your-key.pem ec2-user@public-ip
Experiment 4: AWS CloudWatch
Objective: Monitor AWS usage and set alerts.
Steps:
1. Go to CloudWatch → Billing → Enable detailed billing monitoring.
2. Go to Alarms → Click Create Alarm.
3. Choose metric: Billing > Total Estimated Charges.
4. Set a threshold (e.g., when cost > $1).
5. In Actions, select Create New SNS Topic → Name it and enter your email.
6. Confirm email subscription (check your inbox).
7. Finish and create alarm.
Experiment 5: AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management)
Objective: Create users, groups, and assign roles securely.
Steps:
1. Go to IAM service.
2. Create a new User:
○ Provide username, select Access type: Programmatic access and AWS
Management Console access.
○ Set Custom Password and check Require password reset on next sign-in.
3. Assign user to a group or create a new group.
○ Attach policies like AmazonEC2FullAccess, AmazonS3ReadOnlyAccess.
4. Enable MFA:
○ Go to Users > Security Credentials > Manage MFA.
○ Choose Virtual MFA device, use Google Authenticator to scan QR code.
5. Test login with the newly created user.
Experiment 6: AWS S3 (Simple Storage Service)
Objective: Store and retrieve data using AWS S3.
Steps:
1. Go to S3 → Click Create bucket.
2. Provide a Globally Unique Bucket Name.
3. In Block Public Access settings:
○ Uncheck Block all public access.
○ Confirm by checking the acknowledgment box.
4. Create bucket.
5. Upload any file (image, text, etc.).
6. Click on file → Permissions → Make public.
7. Use the provided Object URL to access the file in a browser.
Experiment 7: AWS Lightsail
Objective: Host a WordPress website using Lightsail.
Steps:
1. Go to Lightsail → Create Instance → Choose:
○ Platform: Linux/Unix
○ Blueprint: WordPress
2. Click Create Instance.
3. Once running, download .pem file.
Click Connect > SSH, run:
cat bitnami_credentials
4.
5. Go to Networking tab → Create Static IP → Attach to your instance.
6. Restart instance.
7. Open static IP in browser → Login using WordPress credentials.
8. Add a new blog post.
Experiment 8: AWS CloudFront
Objective: Create a CDN distribution using CloudFront.
Steps:
1. Go to CloudFront → Click Create Distribution.
2. In Origin Settings:
○ Choose your S3 bucket.
○ Keep Restrict Bucket Access as No.
3. Keep other settings default.
4. Click Create Distribution.
5. Copy the Domain Name → Add file name from S3 to open in browser:
https:///
---
### **Experiment 9: Amazon EBS (Elastic Block Store)**
**Objective:** Attach additional storage to EC2.
**Steps:**
1. Create a volume from **EBS** (e.g., 1 GB, same Availability Zone as EC2).
2. Go to **EC2 → Volumes → Attach to Instance**.
3. SSH into EC2 instance.
4. Run:
lsblk sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/xvdf sudo mkdir /data sudo mount /dev/xvdf /data
5. Create a **Snapshot** from volume.
6. Create another volume from snapshot and repeat attach & mount.
---
Absolutely! Here's a detailed and easy-to-understand version of Experiment 9: Amazon
EBS (Elastic Block Store) — right here in the chat:
✅ Experiment No. 9: Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)
Aim: To study and implement Amazon EBS – a storage system used with EC2 instances.
📘 Theory (Simplified)
Amazon EBS is like a virtual hard disk for your AWS EC2 instances. You can attach it, store
data, remove it, or move it as needed. It remains safe and usable even after your EC2 instance
is stopped. You can also take snapshots (backups) and restore from them anytime.
🛠️ Steps to Perform
🔹 Step 1: Create an EBS Volume
1. Login to AWS Console.
2. Go to EC2 → Elastic Block Store → Volumes.
3. Click Create Volume.
○ Volume Type: General Purpose SSD (gp2)
○ Size: 1 GiB (or more)
○ Availability Zone: Must match your EC2 instance’s zone (e.g., ap-south-1a)
4. Click Create Volume.
🔹 Step 2: Attach Volume to EC2
1. Select the volume you created.
2. Click Actions → Attach Volume.
3. Choose the EC2 instance you launched earlier.
4. Set the device name as /dev/xvdf (or keep default).
5. Click Attach.
🔹 Step 3: Format and Mount the Volume
Open your terminal and SSH into your EC2 instance:
ssh -i your-key.pem ec2-user@your-instance-public-ip
Run the following commands:
lsblk # List block devices (you'll see xvdf)
sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/xvdf # Format the volume with ext4 filesystem
sudo mkdir /data # Create a directory to mount it
sudo mount /dev/xvdf /data # Mount the volume
🔹 Step 4: Create a Snapshot (Backup)
1. Go back to Volumes.
2. Select your volume → Click Actions → Create Snapshot.
3. Enter description, then click Create Snapshot.
🔹 Step 5: Create New Volume from Snapshot
1. Go to Snapshots.
2. Select your snapshot → Click Actions → Create Volume.
3. Choose same Availability Zone and size → Click Create Volume.
🔹 Step 6: Attach and Mount New Volume
1. Repeat Step 2 and Step 3 with the new volume.
2. You can mount it to a new folder, like /data2.
Experiment 10: AWS RDS (MySQL Database)
**Objective:** Create and connect to a cloud MySQL DB.
**Steps:**
1. Go to **RDS** → Click **Create database**.
2. Select:
- Engine: **MySQL**
- Edition: **Free Tier**
- DB instance size: **db.t2.micro**
- Storage: **20 GB**, enable autoscaling to 990 GB.
3. Set credentials.
4. In Connectivity:
- Use **default VPC**.
- Set **Public Access: No**.
- Choose **existing security group** or create one with port 3306 open.
5. Create database and wait until "Available".
6. Launch EC2 → SSH → Run:
```bash
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mysql-client
mysql -h <RDS-endpoint> -u <admin> -p
7. Create and use a test database.
Experiment 11: Docker
Objective: Run containers using Docker.
Steps (Ubuntu):
Install Docker:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install docker.io
1.
Run basic commands:
docker --version
docker pull ubuntu
docker run -it ubuntu /bin/bash
2.
Inside the container, create a script:
cd /usr/local
cat > hello.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo "Welcome to Advance Level of Cloud Computing"
3.
4. Run: bash hello.sh
5. Manage containers:
○ docker ps
○ docker container stop <id>
○ docker container rm <id>
Experiment 12: Fog Computing Case Study
Objective: Understand fog computing in IoT applications.
Steps:
1. Learn how fog extends cloud computing to edge devices.
2. Understand real-time data processing benefits (low latency).
3. Study examples: trains, smart grids, video surveillance, etc.
4. Analyze benefits:
○ Reduced bandwidth
○ Improved privacy
○ Faster response
○ Local decision-making
End of Lab Manual Summary
