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Chemistry

Chemistry is the study of matter's composition, structure, properties, and changes, serving as a bridge between physical and life sciences. The main branches include organic, inorganic, physical, analytical, and biochemistry, each focusing on different aspects of chemical study. Key concepts include atoms, elements, compounds, molecules, and states of matter, with the periodic table organizing elements by atomic number and properties.

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Abir Hasan
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23 views2 pages

Chemistry

Chemistry is the study of matter's composition, structure, properties, and changes, serving as a bridge between physical and life sciences. The main branches include organic, inorganic, physical, analytical, and biochemistry, each focusing on different aspects of chemical study. Key concepts include atoms, elements, compounds, molecules, and states of matter, with the periodic table organizing elements by atomic number and properties.

Uploaded by

Abir Hasan
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chemistry is the branch of science that studies the composition, structure, properties, and

changes of matter. It's often called the central science because it connects physical sciences
with life sciences and applied sciences like medicine and engineering.

🔹 Main Branches of Chemistry

1. Organic Chemistry
o Study of carbon-containing compounds
o Includes fuels, plastics, pharmaceuticals
2. Inorganic Chemistry
o Study of non-carbon compounds
o Includes metals, salts, and minerals
3. Physical Chemistry
o Examines how matter behaves on a molecular and atomic level
o Combines chemistry with physics
4. Analytical Chemistry
o Identifies the components of substances
o Used in drug testing, food safety, environmental monitoring
5. Biochemistry
o Study of chemical processes in living organisms
o Includes DNA, enzymes, and metabolism

🔹 Basic Concepts in Chemistry

 Atom: Smallest unit of matter.


 Element: A substance made of only one kind of atom (e.g., Oxygen, Hydrogen).
 Compound: A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined (e.g.,
H₂O, CO₂).
 Molecule: Two or more atoms bonded together.
 Chemical Reaction: Process in which substances change into new substances.

🔹 States of Matter

1. Solid – Fixed shape and volume


2. Liquid – Fixed volume, takes the shape of container
3. Gas – No fixed shape or volume
4. Plasma – Ionized gas, found in stars and neon signs
🔹 Periodic Table

 Organizes all known elements by atomic number


 Groups elements with similar properties

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