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Permanent damage: On the Trump administration and Harvard

Trump administration’s attack on Harvard will have long-term impact

Civic life in the United States stands on multiple, strong and independent institutions in different fields.
These institutions, whether constitutionality mandated or not, have a continuity, life and standing of
their own, beyond particular individuals. They enable diversity and pluralism, and provide protection
against arbitrary decisions by those in power. Ironically enough, U.S. President Donald Trump is intent
on damaging its oldest and wealthiest educational institution — Harvard. After harassing the institution
with investigations, orders to turn over records, and freezing funds and grants running to hundreds of
millions of dollars, the U.S. government has said that Harvard cannot enrol foreign students in 2025-26.
Some 6,800 international students, including more than 750 from India, constitute more than 27% of
its current student strength. They will have to transfer to other institutions within the U.S. or leave, as
per the government, which does not want any new international student there in 2025-26 either. The
U.S. government has said that the student visa programme is a privilege that it has granted and Harvard
“relies heavily” on foreign students to “build and maintain their substantial endowment”, which is said
to run to over $55 billion. And it sees foreign student visas and tax-exempt status as weapons in its
arsenal against Harvard.

Across the world, the authoritarian’s playbook for pluralistic societies is to identify an enemy against
whom a campaign is unleashed based on real and imagined grievances. The campaign keeps the
“enemy” in a state of disarray, even turmoil, with long-term damage and a chilling effect. Though
sullied by unsavoury links, from the Salem witch trials to Enron, Harvard attracts some of the brightest
talent from across the world and trains them for leadership roles in their chosen fields. It represents
liberalism and knowledge creation that advances globalisation. Mr. Trump’s working and middle class
support base looks at Harvard as one among elitist vehicles of globalisation that have excluded them
while promoting affirmative action for minorities, especially African-Americans. While lineage and
family background of prospective students are a factor for Harvard, an extensive scholarship
programme seeks to balance that. Harvard has said that it will go to court against the government’s
move just as it sued the Trump administration for freezing government funds. While the courts may
well stay the ban, the damage has been done not just to Harvard but also to the image of American
higher education and democratic principles. It is damage that cannot be easily remedied.

• Red/blue coloring of words in the sentence indicates subject verb relationship; where ‘red’
denotes ‘subject’ and ‘blue’ denotes ‘verb’. [Practice exercise]

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Vocabulary
1. Civic life (noun) – The public life of the 13. Privilege (noun) – right, advantage,
citizen concerned with the affairs of the entitlement, benefit, prerogative
community and nation. नागरिक जीवन ववशेषाधधकाि

2. Mandate (verb) – authorize, order, 14. Rely (on) (verb) – depend, count on, trust,
require, command, decree आदे श दे ना bank on, lean on ननर्भि िहना

3. Diversity (noun) – variety, heterogeneity, 15. Substantial (adjective) – significant,

multiplicity, range, difference ववववधता considerable, large, meaningful, major
महत्वपूर्भ
4. Pluralism (noun) – coexistence, inclusivity,
multiplicity, multiculturalism, diversity 16. Endowment (noun) – donation, fund, gift,
बहुलवाद grant, legacy दान ननधध

5. Arbitrary (adjective) – random, capricious, 17. Tax-exempt (adjective) – tax-free,

whimsical, dictatorial, irrational मनमाना untaxed, non-taxable, exempted, duty-free
कि-मुक्त
6. Ironically (adverb) – paradoxically,
unexpectedly, strangely, oddly, 18. Arsenal (noun) – collection, array,
sarcastically ववडंबना यह है कक storehouse, stockpile, weaponry शस्त्रागाि /
र्ंडाि
7. Intent (on) (adjective) – determined,
resolved, focused, committed, bent दृढ़ 19. Authoritarian (noun) – Autocrat, despot,
dictator, tyrant, absolutist अधधकािवादी
8. Harass (verb) – trouble, torment,
persecute, intimidate, pester तंग किना 20. Playbook (noun) – strategy, plan, guide,
tactics, manual िर्नीनत / योजना
9. Freeze (verb) – halt, suspend, block,
immobilize, stop िोक दे ना 21. Pluralistic (adjective) – inclusive, diverse,
open, multifaceted, tolerant बहुलतावादी
10. Grant (noun) – funding, subsidy, donation,
allowance, endowment अनद
ु ान 22. Unleash (verb) – release, launch, trigger,
initiate, set loose शुरू किना
11. Enrol (verb) – register, admit, sign up,
enter, enlist नामांकन किना 23. Grievance (noun) – complaint, resentment,
injustice, objection, discontent शशकायत
12. Constitute (verb) – comprise, make up,
form, consist of, embody बनाना

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24. State (noun) – condition, situation, status, 33. Advance (verb) – promote, further,
position, order स्स्त्िनत develop, progress, push forward बढ़ावा देना

25. Disarray (noun) – disorder, chaos, 34. Globalisation (noun) – internationalization,

confusion, mess, turmoil अव्यवस्त्िा worldwide integration, expansion, global
trade, interconnectedness वैश्वीकिर्
26. Turmoil (noun) – unrest, chaos, upheaval,
confusion, disturbance उिल-पुिल 35. Elitist (adjective) – exclusive, privileged,
snobbish, highbrow, selective
27. A chilling effect (noun) – deterrent, ववशशष्टतावादी
discouragement, inhibition, suppression,
restraint र्ययुक्त प्रर्ाव / िोकने वाला प्रर्ाव 36. Affirmative action (noun) – it refers to a
set of policies and practices within a
28. Sully (verb) – tarnish, stain, disgrace, spoil, government or organization seeking to
defame बदनाम किना address systemic discrimination.

29. Unsavoury (adjective) – unpleasant, 37. Lineage (noun) – ancestry, descent,

offensive, distasteful, disagreeable, nasty heritage, bloodline, family background वंश
अवप्रय
38. Prospective (adjective) – potential,
30. Salem witch trial (noun) – a series of possible, future, likely, upcoming संर्ाववत
hearings and prosecutions of people
39. Seek (verb) – try, pursue, look for, aim,
accused of witchcraft in colonial
Massachusetts between February 1692 strive प्रयास किना
and May 1693 (अन्याय औि धाशमभक उन्माद
40. Sue (verb) – litigate, take to court,
का प्रतीक) prosecute, file a case, appeal मक
ु दमा किना

31. Enron (noun) – an energy-trading and 41. Stay (verb) – halt, suspend, postpone,
utility company based in Houston, Texas,
delay, pause िोक लगाना
that perpetrated one of the biggest
accounting frauds in history. (भ्रष्ट 42. Remedy (verb) – fix, resolve, redress,

व्यापारिक प्रकिर् का प्रतीक) correct, heal सध

ु ाि किना

32. Liberalism (noun) – progressivism,

openness, freedom, reformism, tolerance
उदािवाद

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Summary of the Editorial

1. The U.S. civic structure relies on strong, independent institutions that promote diversity
and protect against arbitrary power.
2. Harvard University, a prestigious and historic institution, is currently under attack by the
Trump administration.
3. The U.S. government has targeted Harvard with investigations, record requests, and
freezing of substantial grants and funds.
4. A major blow has come with the government's announcement that Harvard cannot admit
foreign students for the 2025-26 academic year.
5. Harvard has around 6,800 international students (including over 750 from India),
accounting for over 27% of its student population.
6. These students will be forced to transfer or leave the U.S., and no new international
students will be allowed in the coming academic year.
7. The government argues that foreign student visas are a privilege and accuses Harvard of
relying on these students to maintain its $55 billion endowment.
8. It views student visas and Harvard’s tax-exempt status as tools to be used in its
confrontation with the institution.
9. This approach is seen as part of an authoritarian strategy — identifying a target and
launching sustained attacks to destabilize it.
10. Despite its flaws and past controversies, Harvard remains a symbol of liberal education
and global leadership.
11. It is seen by Trump’s support base as elitist and a promoter of globalisation that has
sidelined them, while supporting affirmative action.
12. Although legacy admissions exist, Harvard also has a strong scholarship programme to
ensure broader access.
13. Harvard plans to challenge the government’s actions in court, just as it did earlier over
the freezing of federal funds.
14. Even if the courts overturn the ban, the reputation of U.S. higher education and its
democratic image has already been significantly harmed.
15. The editorial concludes that the damage inflicted is long-term and not easily reversible,
undermining the values of pluralism and academic freedom.

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Practice Exercise: SSC Pattern Based

1. What is the main theme of the passage?
A. Harvard’s role in promoting globalisation
B. The importance of scholarships for underprivileged students
C. The Trump administration’s attack on pluralistic institutions and its consequences
D. The rise of authoritarianism in American politics
2. What has the U.S. government decided for Harvard in the 2025-26 academic year?
A. Revoke Harvard’s institutional accreditation
B. Bar Harvard from enrolling any foreign students
C. Impose a uniform tuition-fee cap on all programmes
D. Merge Harvard with neighbouring public universities
3. Why does President Trump’s working- and middle-class support base view Harvard antagonistically,
according to the passage?
A. They believe Harvard systematically discriminates against women.
B. They see Harvard as an elitist vehicle of globalisation that has excluded them while favouring
minorities.
C. They consider Harvard’s research output academically substandard.
D. They want Harvard to prioritise only science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)
disciplines.
4. Which institution is Harvard counting on to halt the ban on foreign students?
A. The U.S. Congress
B. The Department of Education
C. The federal courts that can stay the government’s order
D. The American Council on Education
5. What is the tone of the passage?
A. Neutral and objective
B. Critical and disapproving
C. Sarcastic and mocking
D. Optimistic and hopeful
6. Select the most appropriate option to substitute the underlined segment in the given
sentence.
Shebna decided to take a break in social media, but she found it difficult to disconnect
completely
A. a break up social media
B. a break from social media
C. a break of social media
D. a break down social media
7. Parts of the following sentence have been given as options. Select the option that contains a
grammatical error.
Ms. Malathi is old much to join a college now
A. a college now

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B. old much
C. to join
D. ms. Malathi is
8. In the given sentence, one of the four underlined words is incorrectly spelt. Identify the
INCORRECTLY spelt word.
She dabbled in drawing and painting, but scalpture was her favourite medium.
A. drawing
B. favourite
C. dabbled
D. sculpture
9. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
She was a ________, ________ __________astronaut.
A. tall, Indian, smart
B. tall, smart, Indian
C. smart, Indian, tall
D. smart, tall, Indian
10. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
I couldn't believe how _______ the math problem was; it took me hours to solve it.
A. good
B. easily
C. simply
D. complicated
11. Select the correct spelling to fill in the blank.
Wedding is an auspicious _______ for all.
A. occation
B. occasion
C. ocassion
D. occassion
12. Select the most appropriate synonym for the given word.
Species
A. Whole
B. Type
C. Detail
D. Multiply
13. Select the correct indefinite article to fill in the blank.
My neighbour is ______ passionate photographer
A. one
B. the
C. a
D. an

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14. Identify the word with a spelling error in the following sentence. Select the option that
correctly rectifies the error.
In Shakespeare’s play ‘Hamlet’, Hamlet’s flaw is defined as procrustineition
A. pracrostination
B. procristineition
C. procrustination
D. Procrastination
15. Select the sentence with the most appropriate comparative degree
A. She is the talentedest musician in the orchestra.
B. She is more talented musician in the orchestra.
C. She is the most talented musician in the orchestra.
D. She is the talent of all musicians in the orchestra.
16. Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word.
Commence
A. Escort
B. Start
C. Exert
D. Subvert
17. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blanks.
When Mr. Bhanot was told a few years back that he needed to lose _____ or face health
problems, he transformed his life with the _________ of a personal trainer.
A. wait; assistance
B. patience; guidance
C. money; instructions
D. weight; help
18. Based on the situation in the sentence, choose the most appropriate idiom to fill in the blank.
You cannot _________________ before replicating your successes and achievements multiple
times; otherwise, people will deem your success a stroke of dumb luck.
A. sit on the fence
B. cut to the chase
C. rest on your laurels
D. play devil's advocate
19. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
Confession is good for the soul ________________ after the soul has been claimed.
A. since
B. still
C. even
D. though
20. Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.
Let the cat out of the bag
A. To buy a cat and a bag

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B. To release a cat out of a bag

C. To not allow a cat into the bag
D. To reveal a secret
Comprehension:
In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select
the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Education is fundamental for achieving full human potential, developing an equitable and (1)
__________ society, and promoting national development. Providing universal (2)__________
quality education is the key to India’s continued ascent, and leadership on the global stage in
terms of economic growth, social justice and equality, scientific advancement, national
integration, and cultural preservation. Universal high-quality education is the best way (3)
__________ for developing and maximising our country's rich talents and resources for the good
(4)__________ the individual, the society, the country and the world. India (5) ___________ the
highest population of young people in the world over the next decade, and our ability to provide
high-quality educational opportunities to them will determine the future of our country.
21. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 1.
A. just
B. more
C. such
D. much
22. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 2.
A. access for
B. access to
C. access at
D. access from
23. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 3.
A. outcome
B. output
C. forward
D. result
24. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 4
A. of
B. from
C. for
D. at
25. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 5.
A. might had
B. can has
C. will have D. were having

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Answers
1. C 2. B 3.B 4. C 5. B 6.B 7. B 8.D 9. D 10.D 11.B
12. B 13.C 14.D 15.C 16.B 17.D 18.C 19.C 20.D 21.A 22.B
23. C 24.A 25.C [Practice Exercise]
Explanations
1. C) The Trump administration’s attack on pluralistic institutions and its consequences
The passage centers on how Trump's government is targeting Harvard, a symbol of liberalism and
diversity, and the long-term harm this causes to both the institution and American democratic values.
This matches choice C perfectly.
A: This is mentioned, but only as a supporting point, not the main theme.
B: Scholarships are referenced briefly, but the core argument is about government overreach and
institutional damage.
D: The passage hints at authoritarian tactics, but the focus is not on American politics in general, rather
on a specific conflict with Harvard.
2. B) Bar Harvard from enrolling any foreign students
The passage states that the government “has said that Harvard cannot enrol foreign students in 2025-
26.”
A. No mention is made of accreditation being withdrawn.
C. The passage refers to freezing funds and grants, not to tuition caps.
D. There is no proposal to merge Harvard with other institutions.
3. B) They see Harvard as an elitist vehicle of globalisation that has excluded them while favouring
minorities.
The passage notes that Trump’s base “looks at Harvard as one among elitist vehicles of globalisation
that have excluded them while promoting affirmative action for minorities.
A. The passage never mentions gender-based discrimination as their concern.
C. Harvard’s academic quality is not questioned; it is described as attracting “the brightest talent.”
D. There is no indication the support base is calling for a STEM-only focus.
4. C) The federal courts that can stay the government’s order
The passage says Harvard “has said that it will go to court … While the courts may well stay the ban, the
damage has been done.”
A. Congress is not referenced as taking action on this matter.
B. The Department of Education is not identified as Harvard’s recourse.
D. The American Council on Education is not mentioned in the passage at all.
5. B) Critical and disapproving
The passage criticizes the Trump administration’s actions against Harvard, describing them as damaging
and authoritarian.
A) Neutral and objective is incorrect because the passage takes a clear stance against the government’s
actions.
C) Sarcastic and mocking is incorrect because while the tone is critical, it is not ridiculing or humorous.
D) Optimistic and hopeful is incorrect because the passage emphasizes long-term damage rather than
positive outcomes.

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6. B) "a break from social media" का use होगा क्योंकक इसका अिभ होता है ककसी गनतववधध या स्स्त्िनत से
कुछ समय के शलए दिू िहना। इस sentence में, Shebna ने ननर्भय शलया कक वह सोशल मीडडया से दिू ी
बनाएगी, इसशलए 'a break from social media' यहााँ उपयुक्त है।
A break from social media'" will be used because it means taking some time off or distancing
oneself from an activity or situation. In the given sentence, Shebna decided to step away from
social media, so "a break from social media" is appropriate here.
7. B) 'old much' के बदले 'too old' का use होगा क्योंकक 'too + adjective + to + verb' का प्रयोग तब ककया
जाता है जब ककसी चीज़ की मारा इतनी अधधक हो कक कोई कायभ न हो सके; जैसे— She is too old to join
a college now.
'too old' will be used instead of 'old much' because the structure 'too + adjective + to + verb' is
used to indicate excessiveness preventing an action; Like— She is too old to join a college now.
8. D) The correct spelling of the incorrectly spelt word 'scalpture' is 'sculpture', which means "the
art of making two- or three-dimensional representative or abstract forms, especially by carving
stone or wood or by casting metal or plaster" (मूनतभ बनाना, शशल्पकला).
9. D) ‘Smart, tall, Indian' का use होगा क्योंकक adjectives को proper sequence में व्यवस्स्त्ित किने के
शलए "OSASCOMP" (Opinion, Size, Age, Shape, Color, Origin, Material, Purpose) ननयम का पालन
ककया जाता है। 'Smart' (Opinion - िाय) पहले आएगा क्योंकक यह व्यस्क्त की गर्
ु वत्ता को दशाभता है। 'Tall'
(Size - आकाि) दस
ू िे स्त्िान पि होगा क्योंकक यह शािीरिक माप को दशाभता है। 'Indian' (Origin - उत्पवत्त)
अंत में आएगा क्योंकक यह िाष्रीयता को दशाभता है।
Smart, tall, Indian' will be used because the adjectives follow the proper sequence based on the
"OSASCOMP" rule (Opinion, Size, Age, Shape, Color, Origin, Material, Purpose). 'Smart' (Opinion)
comes first as it reflects the quality of the person. 'Tall' (Size) comes second as it indicates physical
measurement. 'Indian' (Origin) comes last as it refers to nationality.
10. D) Complicated' का use होगा क्योंकक "complicated" का अिभ है जटटल या कटिन, औि sentence में यह
mentiion है कक गणर्त का प्रश्न इतना कटिन िा कक इसे हल किने में घंटों लग गए। यह स्त्पष्ट रूप से
दशाभता है कक प्रश्न कटिन िा। जबकक 'good' का अिभ अच्छा, 'easily' का अिभ आसानी से, औि 'simply' का
अिभ सिलता से है, जो इस संदर्भ में उपयुक्त नहीं हैं।
'Complicated' will be used because it means difficult or complex, and the sentence explicitly
mentions that the math problem was so challenging that it took hours to solve. This clearly
indicates the problem was hard. Whereas, 'good' means nice, 'easily' means without difficulty,
and 'simply' means in a straightforward manner, which do not fit in this context.
11. B) The correct spelling of the word is ‘occasion’, which means “a particular event, or the time at
which it happens” (कोई ववशेष घटना या अवसि).

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12. B) Species (noun) – A group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of
exchanging genes or interbreeding; category, class, kind. प्रजानत
Synonym: Type (noun) – A category of people or things having common characteristics; class,
kind, sort. प्रकाि – समान ववशेषताओं वाले लोगों या चीजों की श्रेर्ी।
• Whole (noun) – Entire, complete, all. संपर्
ू भ – जो पिू ा या संपर्
ू भ हो।
• Detail (noun) – A small part of something; particular, aspect. ववविर् – ककसी चीज़ का एक
छोटा टहस्त्सा।
• Multiply (verb) – To increase in number, amount, or degree; augment, propagate. गुर्ा
किना – संख्या या मारा बढ़ाना।
13. C) ‘A' का use होगा क्योंकक "a" का अिभ है "one or any" औि इसका use ऐसे singular countable nouns
के पहले होता है जो vowel sound से शुरू नहीं होते। यहााँ "passionate photographer" consonant sound
से शुरू हो िहा है, इसशलए 'a' सही है। जबकक 'one' का अिभ है "एक ननस्श्चत", 'the' specific noun को
indicate किता है, औि 'an' का use vowel sound से शुरू होने वाले nouns के साि ककया जाता है, जो इस
context में सही नहीं है।
'A will be used because "a" means "one or any" and is used before singular countable nouns that
don't begin with a vowel sound. Here, "passionate photographer" starts with a consonant sound,
making 'a' appropriate. Whereas, 'one' signifies "a specific one," 'the' indicates a specific noun,
and 'an' is used with nouns beginning with a vowel sound, which don't fit in this context.
14. D) The correct spelling is ‘Procrastination’ which means "the action of delaying or postponing
something" (ककसी कायभ को टालने की किया).
15. C) She is the most talented musician in the orchestra
Superlative degree is used when comparing more than two (e.g., "She is the most talented in the
orchestra."). Comparative degree is used when comparing two things or people (e.g., "She is
more talented than her sister.")
16. B) Commence (verb) – To begin, to initiate, to start something. शुरू किना
Synonym: Start (verb) – To begin doing something, to initiate, to set in motion. प्रािं र् किना
• Escort (verb/noun) – To accompany someone for protection or guidance, companion,
convoy. साि चलना या सुिक्षा देना
• Exert (verb) – To apply force, influence, or pressure; to make use of. बल लगाना
• Subvert (verb) – To undermine, to overturn, to destabilize. धगिाना या कमजोि किना

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17. D) weight; help' का use होगा क्योंकक "weight" का अिभ है वजन, जो स्त्वास्त््य से संबंधधत संदर्भ में
correct है। औि "help" का अिभ है सहायता, जो एक व्यस्क्तगत रे नि द्वािा प्रदान की जा सकती है।
sentence का मतलब है कक श्री र्नोट ने अपने स्त्वास्त््य में सुधाि किने के शलए अपने वजन को घटाया औि
एक ननजी रे नि की सहायता ली। 'Wait' का अिभ है प्रतीक्षा किना, जो यहां किट नहीं बैिता। 'Patience' का
अिभ है धैयभ, जो वजन घटाने के संदर्भ में िीक नहीं है। 'Money' का अिभ है पैसा, जो यहां इस संदर्भ में किट
नहीं होता। 'Instructions' का अिभ है ननदे श, लेककन यहां सही शब्द 'help' है क्योंकक यह संपर्
ू भ सहायता का
संकेत दे ता है।
weight; help' will be used because "weight" refers to the body mass, which perfectly fits in a
health-related context. Additionally, "help" means assistance, which a personal trainer is likely
to provide. The sentence implies that Mr. Bhanot reduced his weight and sought the assistance
of a personal trainer to improve his health. 'Wait' means to pause or delay, which doesn’t fit
here. 'Patience' refers to tolerance or calmness, which doesn’t match the context of weight loss.
'Money' refers to currency, which is irrelevant here. 'Instructions' means directions, but the
correct word is 'help' as it signifies comprehensive support.
18. C) Rest on your laurels (idiom) – To stop making an effort to achieve something new and assume
that past success is enough for continued recognition. अपनी वपछली उपलस्ब्धयों के सहािे आिाम
किना औि आगे की सिलता के शलए प्रयास न किना।
• Sit on the fence (idiom) – To avoid making a decision or choice between two
options.तटस्त्ि िहना या ककसी पक्ष का समिभन किने से बचना
• Cut to the chase (idiom) – To get to the point quickly without wasting time. सीधे मद्
ु दे पि
आना।
• Play devil's advocate (idiom) – To argue against an idea for the sake of debate, even if
one does not personally agree with it. जानबझ
ू कि वविोध किना या चचाभ के शलए ववपिीत तकभ
दे ना।
19. C) Even' का use सही होगा क्योंकक यह एक जोड़ने वाले शब्द के रूप में कायभ किता है, जो यह टदखाता है कक
आत्मा के दावा ककए जाने के बाद र्ी स्त्वीकािोस्क्त आत्मा के शलए अच्छी िहती है। वाक्य में यह जोि दे ने के
शलए 'even' का use ककया गया है कक यह त्य अप्रत्याशशत या ववशेष रूप से ध्यान दे ने योग्य है। 'Since'
का अिभ है "क्योंकक" या "जब से," जो यहााँ संदर्भ में सही नहीं है। 'Still' का अिभ है "किि र्ी," लेककन इसका
use यहां सही नहीं है। 'Though' का use वविोधार्ासी स्स्त्िनत को टदखाने के शलए होता है, लेककन यह यहााँ
सही संदर्भ प्रदान नहीं किता।

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'Even' is the correct choice because it acts as an emphasizing word, highlighting that confession
is good for the soul, even after the soul has been claimed. The use of 'even' underscores the
unexpected or notable nature of the statement. 'Since' means "because" or "from the time,"
which does not fit the context. 'Still' means "yet" or "nevertheless," but it does not align with
the intended sentence structure here. 'Though' implies contrast, but it does not convey the
emphasis needed in this sentence
20. D) Let the cat out of the bag (idiom) – To reveal a secret िहस्त्य को प्रकट किना
21. A) 'Just' का use यहााँ होगा क्योंकक यह एक ननष्पक्ष औि समान समाज का वर्भन किता है। 'Just' का अिभ
है "न्यायपूर्भ या ननष्पक्ष," जो इस संदर्भ में एक उपयुक्त शब्द है क्योंकक वाक्य समाज के एक 'equitable'
यानी 'समान' औि 'fair' होने की बात कि िहा है। 'More' का अिभ है "अधधक," जो इस संदर्भ में
inappropriate है। 'Such' का अिभ है "ऐसा," लेककन यह वाक्य के grammatical structure के साि मेल नहीं
खाता। 'Much' का अिभ है "बहुत," जो यहााँ वाक्य के अिभ को सही तिीके से व्यक्त नहीं किता है।
'Just' will be used because it means "fair or equitable," which aligns with the context of the
sentence describing a fair and equitable society. Whereas: 'More' means "additional or greater,"
which is inappropriate in this context. 'Such' means "of this kind," but it doesn't fit the
grammatical structure of the sentence. 'Much' means "a great amount," which doesn’t convey
the intended meaning in this context.
22. B) ‘Access to' का use होगा क्योंकक "access to" का अिभ होता है ककसी चीज़ तक पहुाँच प्राप्त किना। यहााँ
वाक्य में universal औि quality education की बात हो िही है, औि 'access to' ही सही option है। 'Access
for' का अिभ है ककसी के शलए पहुाँच, जो context में सही नहीं बैिता। 'Access at' ककसी ववशेष स्त्िान पि
पहुाँच को दशाभता है, जो इस वाक्य में उपयुक्त नहीं है। 'Access from' का अिभ है ककसी स्त्िान या स्रोत से
पहुाँच, जो इस context में किट नहीं होता। इसशलए सही उत्ति 'access to' है।
Access to' will be used because it means gaining entry or having the ability to use something. In
the sentence, "universal access to quality education" implies ensuring availability to everyone,
making "access to" the correct choice. 'Access for' means access meant for someone, which is
not suitable here. 'Access at' refers to access at a particular location, which doesn’t fit the
context. 'Access from' indicates access originating from somewhere, which is incorrect in this
case.
23. C) 'Forward' का use होगा क्योंकक इसका अिभ होता है "प्रगनत या सुधाि की टदशा में कदम बढ़ाना।"
Passage में mention है कक उच्च-गर्
ु वत्ता वाली शशक्षा दे श की समद्
ृ ध प्रनतर्ाओं औि संसाधनों को
ववकशसत औि अधधकतम किने का सबसे अच्छा तिीका है। यहााँ "forward" शब्द इस संदर्भ में सही बैिता
है क्योंकक यह प्रगनत औि ववकास के शलए िास्त्ता टदखाता है। 'Outcome' का अिभ है "परिर्ाम," जो यहााँ

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संदर्भ में किट नहीं होता। 'Output' का अिभ है "उत्पाटदत मारा," जो यहााँ ववकास के संदर्भ में सही नहीं है।
'Result' का अिभ है "नतीजा," लेककन यहााँ "आगे बढ़ने का तिीका" व्यक्त किना अधधक उपयुक्त है।
'Forward' will be used because it means "moving in the direction of progress or improvement."
The passage emphasizes that high-quality education is the best way to develop and maximize
the country's rich talents and resources. In this context, "forward" aptly conveys the idea of
moving towards development and growth. Whereas: 'Outcome' means "a result or
consequence," which doesn’t fit the context here. 'Output' refers to "the amount produced,"
which is irrelevant in the context of progress and development. 'Result' means "the outcome,"
but the passage requires a term that indicates "a way forward."
24. A) 'Of' का use होगा क्योंकक 'of' का अिभ है ककसी चीज़ का टहस्त्सा या उससे संबंधधत होना। इस sentence
में "the good of the individual, the society, the country, and the world" टदया गया है, जो यह दशाभता
है कक यह अच्छाई सर्ी के शलए है। इसशलए 'of' यहााँ सही है। वहीं 'from' का अिभ है "से", जो इस context में
सही नहीं है; 'for' का अिभ है "के शलए", जो अच्छाई के स्रोत को दशाभने के शलए किट नहीं होता; औि 'at' का
अिभ है "पि", जो स्त्िान बताने के शलए use होता है, जो यहााँ अप्रासंधगक है।
'Of' will be used because it indicates possession or relationship. In this sentence, "the good of
the individual, the society, the country, and the world" specifies that the good belongs to or is
related to these entities, making 'of' the most appropriate choice. Whereas 'from' means "source
or origin," which does not fit the context; 'for' means "intended for," which does not convey the
goodness being attributed here; and 'at' refers to a place or position, which is irrelevant in this
context.
25. 'C) Will have' का use होगा क्योंकक यहााँ र्ववष्य में र्ाित की युवा आबादी की बात हो िही है। 'Will have'
future tense को दशाभता है, जो यहााँ सही बैिता है। 'Might had' गलत है क्योंकक यह गलत वाक्य संिचना
है; इसमें 'might' औि 'had' का use एक साि नहीं होता। 'Can has' र्ी गलत है क्योंकक 'can' के साि हमेशा
verb की base form का use होता है। 'Were having' गलत है क्योंकक यह र्ूतकाल में चल िही स्स्त्िनत (past
continuous) को दशाभता है, जबकक यहााँ future की बात हो िही है।
'Will have' will be used because it denotes the future tense, which is appropriate here as the
sentence talks about India's youth population in the coming decade. The other options are
incorrect: 'Might had' is incorrect because it is an improper and invalid verb structure; 'might'
and 'had' do not go together. 'Can has' is also incorrect as 'can' is always followed by the base
form of the verb, and 'has' violates this rule. 'Were having' is incorrect because it implies a past
continuous tense, which does not fit the future-oriented context of the sentence.

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