20.

PRODUCTION & CONSTRUCTION

1. Which process is used to remove material

(b) Thickness of material removed in a
from a metal workpiece using a cutting
single pass
tool?
(c) Speed of tool movement
(a) Casting (b) Machining
(d) Angle of cutting tool
(c) Forging (d) Weldin
Ans. (b)
Ans. (b)
The depth of cut is the perpendicular
Machining involves material removal using
distance between the machined and
cutting tools, unlike casting, forging, or
machined surface.
welding.
6.. The most commonly used tool material in
2. Which of the following is a type of metal
metal cutting is:
cutting?
(a) Mild steel
(a) Orthogonal cutting
(b) High-speed steel (HSS)
(b) Drilling
(c) Cast iron
(c) Forging
(d) Copper
(d) Rolling
Ans. (b)
Ans. (a)
HSS is widely used due to its high hardness,
Orthogonal cutting is a type of metal cutting
wear resistance, and toughness.
where the cutting edge is perpendicular to
7. Which material is used for making cutting
the cutting velocity.
tools that can withstand high temperatures?
3. In which metal cutting process do the cutting
forces act at an angle other than 90°? (a) Mild steel
(b) Cast iron
(a) Orthogonal cutting
(c) Carbide
(b) Oblique cutting
(c) Forging (d) Plastic
Ans. (c)
(d) Grinding
Carbide tools can retain their hardness even
Ans. (b)
at high temperatures, making them suitable
In oblique cutting, the cutting edge is
for high-speed machining.
inclined, resulting in a more complex force
8. What is the function of a rake angle in
distribution.
cutting tools?
4. Feed rate in metal cutting is measured in:
(a) Reduces tool strength
(a) mm/min (b) mm/rev
(b) Improves tool life
(c) m/min (d) RPM
(c) Reduces cutting forces and improves
Ans. (b)
chip flow
Feed rate represents the tool's movement per
(d) Increases cutting resistance
revolution of the workpiece, typically in
Ans. (c)
mm/rev.
A positive rake angle reduces cutting forces,
5. The depth of cut is defined as:
improves surface finish, and
(a) Distance moved by the tool in one
facilitates chip flow.
revolution
9. Which type of chip is formed when cutting
ductile materials like mild steel?

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(a) Continuous chip Turning uses a single-point cutting tool to
(b) Discontinuous chip shape cylindrical workpieces.
(c) Built-up edge chip
(d) Serrated chip 14. Which process is used for internal
cylindrical machining?
Ans. (a)
(a) Facing (b) Boring
Ductile materials produce continuous chips
due to their ability to undergo plastic (c) Drilling (d) Grinding
deformation. Ans. (b)
10. What type of chip is produced when cutting Boring enlarges existing holes using a
brittle materials like cast iron? single-point cutting tool.
(a) Continuous chip 15. What is the main function of cutting fluids?
(b) Discontinuous chip (a) To clean the workpiece
(c) Serrated chip (b) To cool and lubricate the cutting zone
(d) Built-up edge chip (c) To increase tool wear
Ans. (b) (d) To improve the hardness of the tool
Brittle materials fracture easily, resulting in Ans. (b)
discontinuous chips. Cutting fluids reduce friction, dissipate heat,
11. Built-up edge (BUE) formation is more and improve surface finish.
common in: 16. Which of the following cutting tool
(a) Low-speed machining materials has the highest hardness and wear
(b) High-speed machining resistance?
(c) Dry machining (a) High-speed steel (HSS)
(d) Laser cutting (b) Carbide
Ans. (a) (c) Ceramics
At low cutting speeds, material adheres to (d) Diamond
the tool, forming a built-up edge. Ans. (d)
12. Flank wear in cutting tools occurs due to: Diamond tools have the highest hardness
(a) Adhesion and wear resistance, making them ideal
for cutting non-ferrous and abrasive
(b) Abrasion
materials.
(c) Corrosion
17. Which cutting tool material is best suited for
(d) Fatigue
machining hardened steels?
Ans. (b) (a) High-speed steel
Flank wear occurs on the tool’s clearance
(b) Carbide
face due to continuous rubbing against the
(c) Ceramics
workpiece.
(d) Mild steel
13. Which operation uses a single-point cutting
tool? Ans. (b)
(a) Drilling Ceramic tools have high thermal resistance
and can cut hardened steels effectively.
(b) Milling
18. Which parameter has the greatest impact on
(c) Turning
tool life?
(d) Grinding
(a) Cutting speed
Ans. (c)
(b) Feed rate

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(c) Depth of cut (d) Increases tool vibration
(d) Coolant type 23. The following tool signature is specified for
Ans. (a) a single-point cutting tool in
American system
Cutting speed significantly affects tool wear,
as increasing it raises temperature and 10, 12, 8, 6, 15, 20, 3
accelerates wear. What does the angle 12 represent?
(a) Side cutting-edge angle
19. Which law is commonly used to predict tool (b) Side rake angle
life in metal cutting? (c) Back rake angle
(a) Taylor’s Tool Life Equation (d) Ide clearance angle
(b) Newton’s Law Ans. B
(c) Fourier’s Law 24. In ASA system, if the tool nomenclature is
(d) Hooke’s Law 8-6-5-5-10-15-2-mm, then the side rake
Ans. (a) angle will be?
Taylor’s equation VTn = C relates cutting (a) 5o (b) 6o
speed to tool life, helping in tool life (c) 8o (d) 10o
prediction. Ans. B
20. What is the unit of cutting power in 25 What is metal forming?
machining?
(a) The process of melting and casting metal
(a) Newton
(b) The process of shaping metal by
(b) Joule applying forces
(c) Watt (c) The process of heat treatment of metal
(d) Pascal (d) The process of welding metal
Ans. (c) 26. In rolling, the metal is passed through:
Cutting power is measured in watts, as it is (a) A furnace
the rate of energy consumption in
(b) Two rotating rolls
machining.
(c) A mold
21. Which force component is primarily
(d) A hammer
responsible for power consumption in metal
cutting? 27. Which of the following processes is used for
shaping metals into thin sheets?
(a) Radial force
(a) Drawing
(b) Feed force
(c) Cutting force (b) Forging
(c) Rolling
(d) Normal force
(d) Casting
Ans. (c)
28. Which of the following is an example of a
The cutting force (tangential force) is the
main contributor to power consumption. warm working process?
(a) Cold rolling
22. What is the primary reason for using a
negative rake angle in machining hard (b) Hot forging
materials? (c) Cold drawing
(a) Increases cutting forces (d) Grinding
(b) Improves tool strength 29. What is the purpose of lubrication in metal
(c) Reduces tool life forming processes?
(a) To increase the metal’s temperature
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(b) Tor reduce friction between metal and (c) Material is heated and hammered
tooling (d) Material is poured into molds to form
(c) To add strength to the material shapes
(d) To increase the metal’s hardness
30. What is the main characteristic of a metal in 36. Which of the following materials is most
a ductile state? commonly used in forging?
(a) It is brittle (a) Wood
(b) It can undergo plastic deformation (b) Concrete
(c) It has high hardness (c) Steel
(d) It cannot be formed (d) Plastic
31. In which process is the material heated to a 37. What does the term "strain hardening" refer
high temperature and then compressed in a to?
die? (a) The increase in strength due to plastic
(a) Forging deformation
(b) Drawing (b) The decrease in strength due to excessive
(c) Rolling deformation
(d) Extrusion (c) The decrease in hardness with
deformation
32. What is the main advantage of cold working
over hot working? (d) The increase in hardness with heating
(a) Higher material strength 38. Which of the following is a hot working
process?
(b) Less energy required
(a) Cold rolling
(c) Increased ductility
(b) Hot forging
(d) More flexibility in material selection
(c) Cold drawing
33. Which of the following is a process used to
reduce the diameter of a rod or wire? (d) Polishing
(a) Rolling 39. What is the primary purpose of a die in a
metal forming process?
(b) Extrusion
(a) To melt the metal
(c) Drawing
(b) To cut the metal into pieces
(d) Forging
(c) To shape the material into the desired
34. What is the primary difference between
form
open-die and closed-die forging?
(d) To cool the material
(a) The material is heated differently
40. Which of the following processes is used to
(b) The shape of the die determines the final
make hollow sections, like pipes or tubes?
shape of the part in closed-die forging
(a) Rolling
(c) The metal is cut in closed-die forging
(b) Drawing
(d) Open-die forging results in more
accurate parts (c) Extrusion
35. Which of the following is a characteristic of (d) Forging
extrusion? 41. What is "necking" in metal forming?
(a) Material is drawn through a die to reduce (a) The formation of an unintentional void
thickness (b) The thinning of the material at a localized
(b) Material is compressed through a die to point
create a specific shape (c) The increase in strength of the material

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(d) The cracking of the material (d) Increased material cost due to energy
42. Which of the following describes the usage
process of drawing in metal forming?
(a) Material is compressed through a die
(b) Material is pulled through a die
(c) Material is heated and pressed into a
mold
(d) Material is hammered into shape
42. What is the primary difference between
forging and casting?
(a) Forging uses heat, casting does not
(b) Casting involves shaping molten metal,
while forging involves plastic deformation
of solid metal
(c) Casting is done at room temperature,
forging at high temperatures
(d) Forging creates thin parts, while casting
creates thick parts
43. Which of the following metals is most
commonly used in extrusion?
(a) Aluminum
(b) Iron
(c) Gold
(d) Zinc
44. In what type of forming process is the
material subjected to tensile stress to
elongate it?
(a) Rolling
(b) Drawing
(c) Forging
(d) Extrusion
45. Which process is used to produce thin sheets
of metal?
(a) Rolling
(b) Forging
(c) Casting
(d) Machining
46. What is a characteristic of cold working?
(a) Increased strength due to strain
hardening
(b) Reduced hardness due to plastic
deformation
(c) The need for high temperatures

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Explanations: 35. Ans. (b)
25. Ans. (a) In extrusion, material is forced through a die
Metal forming involves shaping metal by to create a continuous profile with a fixed
applying mechanical forces to alter its shape cross-section.
without removing material. 36. Ans. (c)
26. Ans. (b) Steel is widely used in forging due to its
Rolling involves passing metal between two strength and ability to be shaped at high.
rotating rolls to reduce its thickness or 37. Ans. (a)
change its shape. Strain hardening occurs when a material
27. Ans. (c) becomes harder and stronger as it undergoes
Rolling is the process of reducing the plastic deformation.
thickness of metal by passing it through two 38. Ans. (b)
rotating rolls, often used to make thin sheets. Hot forging is a hot working process where
28. Ans. (b) metal is heated to high temperatures before
Hot forging is a warm working process being deformed.
where metal is heated to a temperature high 39. Ans. (c)
enough to facilitate plastic deformation. A die is a tool used to shape the material into
29. Ans. (a) a specific form during metal forming
Lubrication reduces friction, wear, and heat processes.
generation during the forming process, 40. Ans. (c)
helping to improve surface finish and tool Extrusion is used to create long shapes,
life. including hollow sections like pipes or
30. Ans. (b) tubes, forcing the material through a die.
A ductile metal can be stretched or shaped 41. Ans. (b)
without breaking, allowing it to undergo Necking refers to the local reduction in
significant plastic deformation. cross-sectional area of a material under
31. Ans. (a) tensile stress, often leading to fracture.
Forging involves heating metal to high 42. Ans. (b)
temperatures and then shaping it by applying Drawing involves pulling material through a
compressive forces in a die. die to reduce its cross-section, often used for
32. Ans. (a) wire or tubing.
Cold working increases material strength 43. Ans. (b)
through strain hardening, while hot working In casting, molten metal is poured into
is typically used to achieve better ductility molds to solidify into a shape, while forging
and formability involves shaping solid metal by applying
33. Ans. (c) compressive forces.
Drawing is the process where material is 44. Ans. (a)
pulled through a die to reduce its cross- Aluminum is widely used in extrusion due to
sectional area, often sued for wires and rods. its good ductility and ease of forming.
34. Ans. (b) 45. Ans. (b)
In closed-die forging, the metal is enclosed Drawing involves stretching a material by
in a die cavity that defines its shape, while in applying tensile stress to reduce its cross-
open-die forging, the metal is shaped by sectional area.
compressive forces without being fully
46. Ans. (a)
enclosed.

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Rolling is the process where metal is passed Metal Casting
between two rotating rolls to reduce 47. What is the primary purpose of the casting
thickness and produce sheets. process in manufacturing?
47. Ans. (a) (A) To form parts with complex shapes.
Cold working increases strength through (B) To cut parts into precise shapes.
strain hardening, making the material harder
(C) To join parts together.
as it is deformed.
(D) To weld parts.
48. In Centrifugal casting method, core is used.
(A) sand (B) No
(C) Ferrous (D) Non-Ferrous
49. In the casting process, what material is
typically used to form the mold?
(A) Wood (B) Steel
(C) Sand or metal (D) Plastic
50. Which casting process uses a metal mold to
produce high-precision parts?
(A) Sand casting (B) Die casting
(C) Investment casting
(D) Permanent mold casting
51. What is the major advantage of using the
investment casting process?
(A) It is cost-effective for large quantities.
(B) It allows for high precision and complex
shapes.
(C) It produces parts with rough surfaces.
(D) It requires little preparation time.
52. What is a major disadvantage of sand
casting?
(A) It cannot produce complex shapes.
(B) It is unsuitable for high-temperature
metals.
(C) The surface finish is often rough.
(D) It is not cost-effective for low-volume
production.
53. What is the role of the "sprue" in the casting
process?
(A) It holds the molten metal during cooling.
(B) It allows air to escape from the mold.
(C) It forms the mold cavity.
(D) It acts as the channel for molten metal to
enter the mold.

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54. In order to generate a casting with an internal (C) Pouring molten metal into a sand mold.
surface, which part is typically used in a (D) Using a permanent pattern for each
casting operation? mold.
(A) Chaplets (B) Riser 61. Which casting process is best for producing
(C) Core (D) Pattern large, heavy parts with simple shapes?
55. Which of the following casting processes is (A) Die casting
most suitable for mass production of small, (B) Sand casting
intricate parts?
(C) Investment casting
(A) Sand casting
(D) Shell molding
(B) Investment casting
62. What is the key advantage of centrifugal
(C) Die casting casting?
(D) Centrifugal casting (A) It produces parts with high dimensional
56. Which one of the following is the permanent accuracy.
mould casting process? (B) It is suitable for producing small,
(A) Investment casting process intricate parts.
(B) Full mould process (C) It is used for casting parts with circular
(C) Vacuum casting process shapes like pipes.
(D) Die casting process (D) It is inexpensive and easy to set up.
57. Which material is most commonly used for 63. Which one of the following casting
permanent mold casting? processes produces the products with a
better surface finish?
(A) Steel
(A) sand casting
(B) Aluminum
(B) Hot die casting
(C) Cast iron
(C) Investment casting
(D) Bronze
(D) Cold die casting
58. Which casting defect occurs when the
molten metal solidifies before filling the 64. What is the major disadvantage of the
mold completely? investment casting process?
(A) Cold shut (A) High production cost
(B) Porosity (B) Low precision
(C) Shrinkage cavity (C) Limited material selection
(D) Misrun (D) Slow production speed
59. What is the purpose of "core" in the casting 65. What does the term "shrinkage" refer to in
process? casting?
(A) To act as a pattern for the mold. (A) The increase in size of the casting during
solidification.
(B) To provide internal cavities in the cast
part. (B) The loss of material during the casting
process. (
(C) To cool the molten metal.
(C) The contraction of the material as it
(D) To strengthen the mold.
cools and solidifies.
60. What is the main characteristic of the shell
(D) The formation of air pockets inside the
molding casting process?
mold.
(A) Using a metal mold to create the part.
66. What is the purpose of a "gate" in the casting
(B) Using a thin ceramic shell to make the
process?
mold.
(A) To allow molten metal to enter the mold.
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(B) To allow air to escape from the mold. (A) Metal temperature
(C) To prevent the mold from breaking. (B) Mold material
(D) To cool the molten metal. (C) Pouring rate
67. Which of the following defects is caused by (D) All of the above
improper cooling rates in the casting 73. Find the correct match between List-I
process? (processes) and List-II (products)
(A) Cold shut (A) (a) – 3, (b) – 1, (c) – 2, (d) – 5
(B) Porosity (B) (a) – 2, (b) – 1, (c) – 5, (d) – 4
(C) Hot tears (C) (a) – 1, (b) – 3, (c) – 4, (d) – 2
(D) Misrun (D) (a) – 3, (b) – 1, (c) – 5, (d) – 2
68. What is the major advantage of using the 74. Which of the following materials is
permanent mold casting process? commonly used in sand casting?
(A) It is suitable for high-volume (A) Brass
production.
(B) Aluminum
(B) It produces parts with rough surfaces.
(C) Steel
(C) It requires no pattern or mold.
(D) All of the above
(D) It is inexpensive for low-volume
75. In which casting process is a pattern made
production.
from wax?
69. What is a common application of die
(A) Die casting
casting?
(B) Investment casting
(A) Making large engine blocks
(C) Sand casting
(B) Producing intricate and small parts like
gears and housings (D) Lost foam casting

(C) Producing parts with complex

geometries in large volumes
(D) Manufacturing metal castings for
furniture
70. In sand casting, what is the purpose of the
"pattern"?
(A) To help control the temperature during
casting.
(B) To define the mold cavity for the cast
part.
(C) To provide cooling channels for the
mold.
(D) To strengthen the mold.
71. In which casting process is the mold
destroyed after each use?
(A) Sand casting
(B) Die casting
(C) Permanent mold casting
(D) Investment casting
72. Which of the following is a factor that
affects the quality of a cast part?
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Solutions: Die casting is ideal for mass production of
47. Ans. (A) small, intricate parts due to its high precision
and fast production rates.
Casting is used to create parts with complex
geometries that may be difficult or 56. Ans. (D)
expensive to produce using other methods Metal Casting is defined as the process is
like machining. which molten metal is poured into a mould
48. Ans. (B) that contains a hollow cavity of a required
geometrical shape and allowed to cool
49. Ans. (C)
down to form a solidified part.
Sand is the most common material for molds
There are basically three types of moulds
in sand casting, while metal molds are used
used in casting:
in processes like die casting.
1. Temporary mould
50. Ans. (B)
Sand moulding
Die casting uses a metal mold, which is
highly accurate and durable, to produce parts Shell moulding
with a fine surface finish and high precision. Full moulding
51. Ans. (B) Investment moulding
Investment casting, also known as lost-wax CO2 moulding
casting, is ideal for producing intricate 57. Permanent mould
and highly detailed parts with high
Centrifugal moulding
precision.
Die moulding
52. Ans. (C)
Slush moulding
Sand casting typically results in rough
Squeeze moulding
surface finishes and requires additional
machining or finishing steps to achieve 58. Ans. (A)
smooth surfaces. Steel is commonly used for permanent
53. Ans. (D) molds in casting processes like permanent
mold casting due to its strength and ability
The sprue is a vertical channel through
to withstand high temperatures
which molten metal is poured into the mold
cavity during casting. 59. Ans. (D)
54. Ans. (C) A misrun occurs when the molten metal
solidifies before filling the mold cavity
Core:
completely, leading to incomplete casting.
Cores are used to get the internal cavity in
the castings. 60. Ans. (B)
Cores are used in casting to create internal
Cores are placed into the mould after the
cavities or voids in the final cast product,
removal of the
such as holes or passages.
Casting. These are made up of sand are used
61. Ans. (B)
in permanent moulds also.
The cores are surrounded by molten metal Shell molding involves creating a thin
and therefore subjected to severe thermal ceramic shell around a pattern, then using it
as the mold for casting the part.
and mechanical conditions.
62. Ans. (B)
Core sand should be of higher strength than
the moulding sand. Sand casting is well-suited for large, heavy
parts and is flexible enough to handle simple
55. Ans. (C)
shapes in a wide range of materials.
63. Ans. (C)

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Centrifugal casting uses rotational force to High melting point metals require mold
distribute molten metal into the mold, which materials that can withstand elevated
is ideal for producing circular parts like temperatures without breaking down during
pipes. the casting process.
64. Ans. (C) 75. Ans. (A)
65. Ans. (A) Investment Casting:
Investment casting can be expensive due to In investment Casting the pattern is made up
the high cost of materials and the labor- of was of plastic (Polystyrene) by rapid
intensive nature of creating the molds. prototyping.
66. Ans. (C) The pattern of this casting is arranged like
Shrinkage occurs because most metals pattern trees and dipped into a slurry of
contract when they cool, potentially leading refractory material.
to defects such as voids or cavities in the It is preferred where intricate shapes are
casting. required like jewelry, surgical instruments,
67. Ans. (A) blades of gas turbines, jet engine parts etc.
A gate is the entry point through which Die Casting:
molten metal flows into the mold cavity In Die Casting, mould is made of metal
during the casting process. hence the same mold can be used many
68. Ans. (C) times, therefore it is also known as
Permanent Mould Casting.
Hot tears are cracks that occur when the
material cools too quickly and cannot This type of casting is generally used for
contract uniformly, resulting in fractures in casting of low melting point metals like
the cast part. aluminium, magnesium, lead, and tin to
avoid the melting of mould.
69. Ans. (A)
It is preferred for the casting of IC Engine
Permanent mold casting is ideal for high-
Parts by Aluminium Alloys, Carburettor of
volume production because the molds can be
IC Engine etc.
reused multiple times, reducing cost per
part. Centrifugal Casting:
70. Ans. (B) In this process of casting, mould is rotated
rapidly about its axis as the metal is poured
Die casting is often used to make small,
into it.
detailed parts, especially in the automotive
and electronics industries. The slag inclusions and other impurities
being lighter get separated from the metal
71. Ans. (B)
and segregate towards the center.
The pattern is the replica of the part to be
It is used to produce large hollow and
cast, which is placed in the sand mold to
circular components like Pipes, Alloyed
create the cavity where molten metal will
wheels, Spoke wheels etc.
flow.
Drop Forging:
72. Ans. (A)
A process of forging in which the applied
Sand casting molds are usually destroyed
force is intermittent impact load, then it is
after each use, unlike permanent molds in
called drop forging.
other processes that can be reused
In this die consist of two halves, the lower
73. Ans. (D)
half is fixed and the upper half is connected
Factors like metal temperature, mold to the ram.
material, and pouring rate all influence the
It is generally used for casting of connecting
quality of the final cast part.
rods.
74. Ans. (D)
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76. Which of the following is a key objective of
76. Ans. (D) Production Planning and Control (PPC)?
Sand casting can be used with a wide variety a) Maximizing Employee Overtime
of metals, including brass, aluminum, b) Optimizing Production Scheduling
and steel, making it versatile. c) Minimizing Equipment Utilization
77. Ans. (B) d) Increasing Production Downtime
In investment casting, a pattern is made from Answer: b
wax, which is then coated with a ceramic Explanation: One of the primary objectives
shell. The wax is melted out to form the of Production Planning and Control (PPC) is
mold. to optimize production scheduling to ensure
that production resources are effectively
utilized and production targets are met in a
timely manner. This involves developing
efficient production schedules that minimize
idle time, reduce lead times, and maximize
throughput.
77. What is the authorization of initiation of
work in the work shop of production
planning and control?
a) Route plan
b) Schedule order
c) Dispatch order
d) Loading chart Answer: c
Explanation: Loading chart is the making a
list of all the orders, schedule order is to
make list of projects milestones, route plan
is the plan to deliver all the product at their
place and dispatch order means the order has
been dispatched from the warehouse.
78. Which of the following is not a production
process category?
a) Job process
b) Batch or intermittent processing
c) Production
d) Project
Answer: c
Explanation: Job process, batch or
intermittent processing and project are the
processes which are carried out during a
production while production is the entire
combination of processes.
79. Which of the following process typically
assumes a one-of-kind production output?
a) Project
b) Job process

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c) Flow process actual production starts making it broadest
d) Batch process for the inventory and the work force.
Answer: a
Explanation: Project making is based on an 83. When is the determination of sequence of
already made product. It gives similar output operations performed and the allocation of
with some internal changes such as making facilities made?
a new mobile phone. a) Master scheduling
80. Which one of the following is considered as b) Aggregate planning
the “middle of the road”? c) Routing
a) Flow processing d) Forecasting
b) Intermittent processing Answer: c
c) Job processing Explanation: Routing is the first process
d) Continuous processing made so as to get the replica of the processes
Answer: b to be done and in sequence. The allocation
of facilities is also made during the process
Explanation: Intermittent processing or
so that no error occurs during the process.
batch processing is the almost the main
process of a production where 84. Which decision-making process is used to
manufacturing of the product takes place determine when a job is to be started in a
and all the processes are completed after machine and when it is to be completed?
that. a) Scheduling
81. Which of the following designs is used in b) Routing
repetitive processing? c) Master scheduling
a) MTO d) Aggregate planning
b) ETO Answer: a
c) ATO Explanation: Scheduling is the process
d) MTS where all the timing of the processes are
Answer: d made such that the production of the
required product don’t get delayed and so
Explanation: Make-to-stock designs are
the start and end of a job in a machine is also
used in repetitive processing as in this
made in scheduling.
production is done in very large quantity and
in narrow range. This processing is done for 85. The order in which different jobs are being
the designs which can be stored and used taken up in a machine or process is called?
later. a) Scheduling
82. Aggregate planning refers to the planning of b) Sequencing
production c) Routing
a) At the broadest long term period levels d) Aggregate planning
b) At the short-term period levels Answer: b)
c) Work force and inventory at the Sequencing in a production decides when a
broadest levels machine has to work or start and the order of
d) Work force and inventory at the short- jobs to be taken up by the machine.
term period levels 86. Which of the following is/are basic building
Answer: c materials?
Explanation: Aggregate planning is the a) Wood
planning which is made an year before the b) Cement

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c) Brick d) Underpinning
d) All of the mentioned Answer: b
Answer: d) Explanation: When the height above floor
The most basic types of building materials level exceeds about 1.5 m a temporary
used in construction include wood, cement, structure, usually of timber, is erected close
aggregates, metals, bricks, concrete, and to the work to provide a safe working
clay. These were chosen for their cost- platform for the workers and to provide
effectiveness in construction projects. limited space for the storage of plant and
building materials. This temporary
87. Which of the following building material
Framework is known as scaffolding or
have high Seismic resistance and flexibility
simply of scaffold.
of nailed joints.
90. Which of the following is a common hazard
a) Husk
on construction sites?
b) Bamboo
a) Well-lit pathways
c) Timber
b) Open and clear walkways
d) Ply
c) Falling debris
Answer: c
d) Controlled noise levels
Explanation: As long has materials and
Answer: c)
workmanship are of good quality, timber
structures can perform very well in an Falling debris, falling debris is a significant
earthquake. A wooden frame is usually hazard on construction sites, especially
considered to have medium to low when working at heights or in areas where
vulnerability towards earthquake. materials are being lifted or moved. It can
include objects such as tools, equipment,
88. Which of the following type of foundation is
and building materials.
used for the construction of building on
black cotton soil? 91. What does PPE stand for in the context of
construction safety?
a) Grillage foundation
a) Personal Protective Equipment
b) Inverted arch foundation
b) Physical Performance Enhancement
c) Floating foundation
c) Project Planning and Execution
d) Mat foundation
d) Preventative Protective Enclosures
Answer: d
Answer: a) Personal Protective Equipment, PPE
Explanation: Black cotton soil is clay or
refers to the protective gear that workers
loose type of soil and is considerably swells
wear to minimize exposure to hazards.
and shrinks by variation in moisture content.
Common types of PPE in construction
The variation in the volume of the soil is to
include hard hats, safety glasses, gloves,
the extent of 20 to 30% of the original
earplugs, and high-visibility vests.
volume. Hence, Raft Foundation or Mat
Foundation plays important role in uniform 92. What is the primary goal of fall protection
distribution of a load of structure over black measures?
cotton soil. a) Increase the efficiency of work
89. The temporary framework is known as b) Enhance the view from elevated
and it is useful in construction demolition, positions
maintenance or repair works. c) Prevent falls and protect workers
a) Grouting d) Reduce the need for PPE
b) Scaffolding Answer: c)
c) Shoring

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Prevent falls and protect workers, fall d) The transportation of construction
protection systems are designed to safeguard materials
workers from injuries due to falls from Answer: c)
elevated surfaces. This includes measures
The digging of trenches or foundation pits
such as guardrails, safety nets, and personal
fall arrest systems. Explanation: Excavation involves digging
into the ground to create spaces for
93. What is the importance of fire prevention on
foundations, utilities, or other structures. It
construction sites?
is a hazardous activity that requires specific
a) It adds excitement to the work safety precautions to prevent cave-ins and
environment other accidents.
b) It provides additional lighting during 96. Which of the following is a common hazard
night shifts associated with working in confined spaces?
c) It keeps workers warm during cold a) Excessive sunlight
weather
b) Lack of ventilation
d) It prevents potential disasters and
c) Abundant natural light
injuries
d) Open and spacious areas
Answer: d)
Answer: b) Lack of ventilation
It prevents potential disasters and injuries;
Explanation: Confined spaces are enclosed
Fires can quickly spread on construction
or partially enclosed areas that have limited
sites due to the presence of flammable
openings for entry and exit. They can pose
materials. Fire prevention measures, such as
hazards such as oxygen deficiency, toxic
proper storage of combustibles, regular
inspections of electrical systems, and having fumes, and the risk of entrapment. Adequate
ventilation is crucial to ensure safe working
fire extinguishers readily available, are
conditions in confined spaces.
crucial to minimize the risk of fire-related
accidents. 97. What is the purpose of a Job Safety Analysis
(JSA)?
94. Which of the following is an example of a
fall protection system in construction? a) Identifying potential hazards in
a) Safety glasses construction projects
b) Monitoring employee attendance
b) Hard hats
c) Analyzing project profitability
c) Guardrails
d) Conducting equipment inspections
d) Earplugs
Answer: a)
Answer: c) Guardrails
Explanation: Guardrails are physical Identifying potential hazards in construction
projects
barriers that prevent workers from falling off
elevated platforms or work surfaces. They Explanation: A JSA is a systematic process
are a common and effective fall protection of identifying and analyzing potential
measure. hazards associated with a specific job task.
95. What does the term "excavation" refer to in It helps to develop safe work procedures and
control measures to minimize risks.
construction safety?
98. Which type of personal protective
a) The process of removing debris from a
equipment (PPE) is specifically designed to
construction site
protect the eyes from impact or debris?
b) The installation of electrical systems
a) Hard hat
c) The digging of trenches or foundation
b) Safety goggles
pits
c) Earplugs

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d) Safety vest the terms and conditions between the client
Answer: b) and the contractor.
Safety goggles, Safety goggles are designed 100. What is the primary purpose of a
to protect the eyes from flying debris, dust, construction site layout plan?
chemicals, and other potential hazards. They a) To determine the project budget
provide a physical barrier to prevent injuries b) To schedule construction activities
to the eyes.
c) To allocate space and resources on the
99. Which document outlines the scope of work, site
deliverables, and responsibilities for a
d) To assess environmental impact
construction project?
Answer: c)
a) Tender document
To allocate space and resources on the site,
b) Contract agreement
the site layout plan helps in efficiently
c) Bill of quantities organizing the construction site, including
d) Project schedule the placement of materials, equipment, and
Answer: b) temporary structures.
Contract agreement, the contract agreement
is the legally binding document that defines

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