EE3501- POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Gate Syllabus:
Section 6: Power Systems -Basic concepts of electrical power generation, ac and dc transmission
concepts, Models and performance of transmission lines and cables, Economic Load Dispatch
(with and without considering transmission losses), Series and shunt compensation,
Electric field distribution and insulators, Distribution systems, Perunit quantities, Bus
admittance matrix, Gauss- Seidel and Newton-Raphson load flow methods, Voltage and
Frequency control, Power factor correction, Symmetrical components, Symmetrical and
unsymmetrical fault analysis, Principles of over‐current, differential, directional and
distance protection; Circuit breakers, System stability concepts, Equal area criterion.

Anna University – Regulation 2021 Syllabus:

EE3501 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS LTPC3003

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

• Impact knowledge on need for operational studies, andTo model the power
system under steady state operating condition.

• To understand and apply iterative techniques for power flow analysis.

• To model of carry out short circuit studies for power system during
symmetrical fault.

• To model of carry out short circuit – studies during

• To study about the various methods for analyzing power system stability

UNIT I POWER SYSTEM

Need for system planning and operational studies - Power scenario in India - Power system
components, Representation - Single line diagram - per unit quantities - p.u. impedance diagram
- p.u. reactance diagram, Network graph Theory - Bus incidence matrices, Primitive parameters,
Formation of bus admittance matrix – Direct inspection method – Singular Transformation
method.

UNIT II POWER FLOW ANALYSIS

Bus classification - Formulation of Power Flow problem in polar coordinates - Power flow
solution using Gauss Seidel method - Handling of Voltage controlled buses - Power Flow
Solution by Newton Raphson method – Flow charts – Comparison of methods.
UNIT III SYMMETRICAL FAULT ANALYSIS

Assumptions in short circuit analysis - Symmetrical short circuit analysis using Thevenin’s
theorem - Bus Impedance matrix building algorithm (without mutual coupling) - Symmetrical
fault analysis through bus impedance matrix - Post fault bus voltages - Fault level - Current
limiting reactors.

UNIT IV UNSYMMETRICAL FAULT ANALYSIS

Symmetrical components - Sequence impedances - Sequence networks - Analysis of

unsymmetrical faults at generator terminals: LG, LL and LLG - unsymmetrical fault occurring at
any point in a power system.

UNIT V STABILITY ANALYSIS

Classification of power system stability – Rotor angle stability - Power-Angle equation – Steady state
stability - Swing equation – Solution of swing equation by step by step method - Swing curve, Equal area
criterion - Critical clearing angle and time, Multi-machine stability analysis – modified Euler method.

Mapping with Anna

Power Systems Gate Syllabus *Mapping level
University R2021 Power
System Analysis
Basic concepts of electrical
power generation, ac and dc
transmission concepts, Models
and performance of
transmission lines and cables,
Per unit quantities Unit - I

Bus admittance matrix, Gauss-

Seidel and Newton-Raphson
load flow methods, Voltage
and Frequency control, Power
factor correction Unit - II

Symmetrical components Unit - IV

Symmetrical and
unsymmetrical fault analysis Unit – III & IV

System stability concepts,

Equal area criterion Unit - V

*Mapping level: 3 – High, 2 – Medium, 1 – Low.

Gap Identified :
Economic Load Dispatch (with and without considering transmission losses), Series and shunt
compensation, Insulators, Distribution systems,

Domain Specific Industry :

1. Economic Load Dispatch - Siemens Energy, Schneider Electric India, Emerson Electric Co.
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Hitachi ABB Power Grids

2. Series and shunt compensation - Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Toshiba Energy Systems &
Solutions Corporation , GE Grid Solutions

3. Electric Power Distribution and Insulators - LAPP Insulators, Siemens Energy, MacLean
Power Systems, G&W Electric Company

Job Opportunities in Domain Area :

Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories - Power System Automation Engineer, Power System

Designer

Hitachi ABB Power Grids – Electrical Designer , Substation Automation Engineer

Mitsubishi Electric Corporation – Testing and Commissioning Engineer

Toshiba Energy Systems & Solutions Corporation - Machine Operator/Assembler

MacLean Power Systems – HVAC Technicians

G&W Electric Company – Electrical Design Engineer

Competitions :
IEEE Power & Energy Society – Paper Presentation - Cash prize US$10,000, September 30
IIT Guwahati -Circuit Simulation Competition – Cash prize ₹30,000, July 28 to August 24

 IEEE Circuits and Systems Society (CASS) Competition :

Skills Required:

MAT Lab, MATPOWER, PSAT, Grid LAB-D, Open DSS

Active Learning Strategy:

Unit I - Power System

Lesson Plan: Introduction to Power Systems

Objective:
 Impact knowledge on need for operational studies, and to model the power system under
steady state operating condition.

Duration:
 50 minutes

Introduction (5 minutes):

1. Definition:
o A power system is a network of electrical components used to generate, transmit,
and distribute electric power.

2. Components:
o Generation: Power plants (thermal, hydroelectric, nuclear, renewables) produce
electricity.
o Transmission: High-voltage lines carry electricity over long distances.
o Distribution: Lower-voltage lines distribute electricity to homes and businesses.

Main Content (20 minutes):

1. Generation (5 minutes):
o Power plants (such as coal-fired, natural gas, nuclear, hydroelectric, or renewable
energy plants) produce electricity.
o Generators convert mechanical energy (from turbines) into electrical energy.

2. Transmission (10 minutes):

o High-voltage transmission lines transport electricity over long distances (often
hundreds of miles).
o Transformers step up the voltage for efficient transmission.
o Substations connect transmission lines to distribution networks.

3. Distribution (5 minutes):
o Distribution lines carry electricity from substations to local areas (neighborhoods,
cities).
o Transformers step down the voltage for safe use in homes and businesses.
o Utility poles and underground cables distribute power.
Active Learning Methodology (20 minutes):

Think-Pair-Share (10 minutes):

1. Think:
o Begin the session by presenting a brief overview of power systems, including key
terms (generation, transmission, distribution, etc.).
o Ask students to individually jot down their understanding of power systems.
2. Pair:
o Divide students into pairs.
o Have them discuss their thoughts with their partner,
o Share any misconceptions, and clarify doubts.
3. Share:
o Bring the class back together.
o Each pair shares their insights with the whole group.
o Encourage discussion and address any misconceptions.

Group Activity (10 minutes):

• Divide participants into groups

• Assign each group a specific scenario or challenge (e.g., integrating more
renewable energy).
• Each group brainstorms ideas on how to address their assigned challenge using
the available materials and information.

Conclusion (5 minutes):

 Understand the components of a power system.

 Have critical thinking and problem-solving skills in renewable source integration.
 Emphasize the role of energy in driving economic growth and societal progress

Assessment:

• Discuss the role of power generation systems in sustainable energy development.

References:

1. J. Duncan Glover, Mulukutla S.Sarma, Thomas J. Overbye, ‘Power System

Analysis & Design’, Cengage Learning, Fifth Edition, 2012.
2. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/9780470411377.fmatter

Activity:
Solve the following crosssword puzzle using the maximum power generation in India

a. Maximum energy generation in India is done using …….. energy

b. ……. Energy is a renewable source of energy
c. Solar energy can be called ……. Energy
d. ……. Energy of wind is used in wind mills

e. …..energy of water in dams is used for generation of electricityFF

JJJ

Unit II - Power Flow Analysis

Lesson Plan: Introduction to Power Flow Analysis

Objective:
 To understand and apply iterative techniques for power flow analysis.

Duration:
 50 minutes

Introduction (5 minutes):

o Begin with a brief discussion on the importance of power flow analysis in electrical
engineering.
 o Show a real-world example (e.g., a power grid) and discuss why analyzing power flow is
crucial.
o Introduce the basic concepts of power flow, including active/reactive power, voltage
angles, and line losses.

Main Content (20 minutes)

o Explanation on the power flow analysis in electrical engineering and power system
operations.
o Focused on designing, analyzing, and optimizing electrical power systems, including
generation, transmission, and distribution
o Derive the Power balance equations: Active (P) and reactive (Q) power flows.
o Representation of power systems using bus and branch models

Active Learning Methodology (20 minutes):

Think-Pair-Share (10 minutes):

1. Think:
o Begin the session by presenting a brief overview of Load Flow Studies, including
Gauss Seidal and Newton Raphson Method.
o Ask students to individually jot down their key concepts related to power
flow analysis.

2. Pair:
o Divide students into pairs.
o Provide each group with a power flow problem (e.g., a simple radial
distribution network).
o Ask them to calculate power flow using relevant equations.

3. Share:
o Bring the class back together.
o Each groups present their solutions to the class..
o Encourage discussion with different approaches and insights.

Group Activity (10 minutes):

• Divide participants into groups

• Assign each group a specific scenario or challenge (e.g., integrating more
renewable energy).
• Each group brainstorms ideas on how to address their assigned challenge using
the available materials and information.
Conclusion (5 minutes):

 Recap the key points of power flow analysis.

 Ask students to reflect on what they learned and any remaining questions.

Assessment:

 Provide a scenario requiring students to perform a power flow analysis for a given system
and interpret results.

References:

1. "Electric Power Systems: A Conceptual Introduction" by Alexandra von Meier

2. Power System Analysis and Design" by J. Duncan Glover, Mulukutla S. Sarma,
and Thomas Overbye
3. "Electric Power Systems: A Conceptual Introduction" by Alexandra von Meier

Activity :

Calculate the power flows for the given network using any one power flow technique

Unit III - Symmetrical Fault Analysis

Lesson Plan: Introduction to Symmetrical Fault Analysis

Objective:
 To model and carry out short circuit studies for power system during symmetrical fault.

Duration:
 50 minutes

Introduction (5 minutes):
 o Define symmetrical faults as those where all phases are affected, maintaining
system balance.
o Explain the importance of studying symmetrical faults in power systems.

o Discuss common types of symmetrical faults (three-phase faults)

Main Content (20 minutes)

o Explanation on symmetrical fault analysis, focusing on its importance in electrical

system design and protection.
o Focussed on different types of symmetrical faults (three-phase, phase-to-phase, and
phase-to-ground).
o Guided exercise on calculating fault currents using symmetrical components method

Active Learning Methodology (20 minutes):

Think-Pair-Share (10 minutes):

1. Think:

o Begin the session by presenting a brief overview of symmetrical faults.

o Ask students to individually jot down their key concepts related to fault analysis.

2. Pair:
o Divide students into pairs.
o Provide each group with a specific type of symmetrical fault problem
o Ask them to calculate fault current and draw the sequence network

3. Share:
o Bring the class back together.
o Each groups present their solutions to the class..
o Encourage discussion with the impact of faults on circuit design

Group Activity (10 minutes):

• Divide participants into groups

• Assign each group a printed copy of the electrical network diagram.

• Each group brainstorms ideas on the implications of the fault currents on the
network and potential consequences.

Conclusion (5 minutes):
  Recap the three main types of symmetrical faults which can occur in electrical networks.
 Understand the Calculation of Fault Currents
 Ensure the reasons for insulation failure or equipment faults.

Assessment:

 Provide a brief quiz related to symmetrical fault analysis focussing on fault current
concepts and their significance.

References:

1."Power System Analysis and Design" by J. Duncan Glover, Thomas J. Overbye, and
Mulukutla S. Sarma
2. Power System Analysis and Design" by J. Duncan Glover, Mulukutla S. Sarma, and
Thomas Overbye
3."Power System Analysis" by John J. Grainger and William D. Stevenson Jr.

Activity :