BENDER GESTALT TEST REPORT

Report # Normal
Submitted by
Shaiza Iftikhar
Degree program:

BS psychology 6th semester

Submitted to:

Ma’am Tasmia Ijaz

Department of psychology

UNIVERSITY OF PUNJAB
Table of Content Page

Introduction …………………………………………………………………..1

1.1 Bio data ..……………………………..……………………………..….…1

1.2 Referral history…….…………………………………………….………....1

1.3 Test Administration………………………………………………………...1

1.4 Quantitative interpretation………………………….……………………....2

1.5 Qualitative interpretation……………………………………………….….3

1.6 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………4

1.7 Suggestion…………….……………………………………………………4
Introduction

The Bender Visual Motor Gestalt test (or Bender-Gestalt test) is a psychological assessment used
to evaluate visual-motor functioning, visual-perceptual skills, neurological impairment, and
emotional disturbances in children and adults ages three and older.

The Bender-Gestalt is used to evaluate visual-motor maturity and to screen children for
developmental delays. The test is also used to assess brain damage and neurological deficits.
Individuals who have suffered a traumatic brain injury may be given the Bender-Gestalt as part of
a battery of neuropsychological measures, or tests.The Bender-Gestalt is sometimes used in
conjunction with other personality tests to determine the presence of emotional and psychiatric
disturbances such as schizophrenia.

Bender Gestalt II consists of a series of stimulus cards, each displaying a unique figure. The
individual is asked to draw each figure as he or she observes it. The stimulus card is not
removeduntil the drawing is complete. This edition of the test adds items and extends the range of
ability assessed. New recall procedures to measure visual–motor memory ensure a more
comprehensive assessment of visual–motor skills. And supplemental tests of simple motor and
perceptual ability help identify specific visual–motor deficits. An optional timing component
allows the examiner to time each drawing, and scoring is now quicker and easier. Conormed with
the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, Fifth Edition, the Bender Gestalt II was standardized on
more than 4,000 individuals ranging in age from 4 to 85+ years. The composition of the
standardization sample corresponds to the 2000 U.S. population. The Bender Gestalt II is an ideal
way to start an extended psychological test battery. With its simple design and administration, the
test is a nonthreatening way to warm up to more challenging assessments.

Bio Data

Name: A
Age: 14
Gender: Female
Education: 7
Religion: Islam
Birth date: 10-10-2005
Marital status: Single
Residential area: Gujrat
Family system: Nuclear
Head of family: Father
Referral History

The client was referred by Teacher.

Behavioral Observation:

She was quite confident and very excited to perform the test. Her body language was very
sufficient and confident. Has good place orientation, day and time. Her behavior was obedient
and dressing was neat and proper.

Administration of Test:

When I entered in the room Mrs. was sitting on a chair. she was looking comfortable and
relaxed. she was very interested in doing assessment. she did the assessment with proper
involvement. she arrived on time for his scheduled testing session. she appeared to be highly
motivated during the testing session and followed the directions of the administrator.

Description

Bender Gestalt Test is an individually administered pencil and paper test used to make a
diagnosis of brain injury. There are eight geometric figures drawn in black. These figures are
presented to the examinee one at a time; then, the examinee is asked to copy the figure on a blank
sheet of paper. Examines are allowed to erase, but cannot use any mechanical aids (such as
rulers).

The average time to complete the test is 5 to 10 minutes. One method requires that the examinee
view each card for five seconds, after which the card is removed. The examinee draws the figure
from memory. 

Another variation involves having the examinee draw the figures by following the standard
procedure. The examinee is then given a clean sheet of paper and asked to draw as many figures
as he or she can recall.  Last, the test is given to a group, rather than to an individual (i.e.,
standard administration).

Administration of the Bender-Gestalt I consists of one phase: 

 Copy Phase ○ Examinee is shown stimulus cards with designs and asked to copy each of the
designs on a sheet of paper .

Material needed:

 Two pencils with erasers, 8 sheets of drawing paper, and a stopwatch (not included in test
kit). 
 Administer test on a table, seated across from the examinee if possible  Supply one pencil
and one sheet of paper (vertically in front of examinee)
  Show the stimulus cards to the examinee one at a time (aligned with the top of drawing
paper.

Scoring:

Scoring system • Lacks (1984) adapted this system and provided a detailed scoring manual
along with substantial empirical support. •

Types of errors 1. Rotation 2. Overlapping difficulty 3. Simplification 4. Fragmentation 5.

Retrogression 6. Perseveration 7. collision tendency 8. Impotence 9. Closure difficulty 10. Motor
in coordination 11. Angulations difficulty 12. Cohesion 12

• Scoring checklist for the Lacks indicators of organicity • 1. Rotation • ____________ • 2.

Overlapping difficulty • ____________ • 3. Simplification • ____________ • 4. Fragmentation •
____________ • 5. Retrogression • ____________ • 6. Perseveration • ____________ • 7.
Collision or collision tendency • ____________ • 8. Impotence • ____________ • 9. Closure
difficulty • ____________ • 10. Motor in coordination • ____________ • 11. Angulation
difficulty • ____________ • 12. Cohesion • ____________ • Time greater than 15 minutes •
____________ • Total score • _____________ • Test diagnosis • _____________ • Source:
Adapted from Bender Gestalt Screening for Brain Dysfunction, 2nd ed., 1999, by Lacks, New
York.

Quantitative Interpretation:

Eror A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Pres
ent

Rotation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

overlap 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

simplification 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

frangmentation 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1

Retrogression 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Presevaration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

collision 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Impotence 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

closure 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Motor 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
incoordination

Angulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cohesion 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1

time 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total score 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 2

Qualitative interpretation:

Score presence of error, not frequency, and score conservatively. For example, even if Rotation is
scored for each figure, score only 1 in the Present column. Total Score 2) If the subject rotates the
card or paper and then draws correctly, it is correct. 3) Generally, 3 or fewer errors indicates an
absence of visuoconstructive deficits or brain impairment; 4 errors is a borderline score; and 5 or
6 errors provide some evidence for brain impairment. The greater the number of errors, the
greater the evidence for some type of brain impairment: strong evidence with 7 or 8 errors and
very strong evidence with 9 to 12 errors. Five or more errors is serious, but not if the subject is
lazy, impulsive, unmotivated, or uncooperative.

The cut off score of bender gestalt test is 8 and the subject scored is 2 which is less than cut off.
She has committed an error in fragmentation in card no 7.She has added an angle in card 6. She
used a eraser. But in remaining cards she performed very well.

Conclusion:

Subject has no neuropsychological deficits. The result showed that the subject is not fall in any
neuropsychological disorder.The error which she made might because of least interest in drawing
and also poor attention in drawing . Her rountine functional is normal.

Suggestions:
Subject should focus on given tasks or activities. She should pay attention on task that are given
by test taker.

Report # EPILAPSY
Table of Content Page

1.1 Bio data ..……………………………..……………………………..….…1

1.2 Referral history…….…………………………………………….………....1

1.3 Test Administration………………………………………………………...2

1.4 Quantitative interpretation………………………….……………………....3

1.5 Qualitative interpretation……………………………………………….….4

1.6 Conclusion………………………………………………………………….5

1.7Suggestion…………….……………………………………………………6
Bio Data
Name: A
Age: 18
Gender: Female
Education: 5
Religion: Islam
Birth date: 12-12-2005
Marital status: Single
Residential area: Gujrat
Family system: Nuclear
Head of family: Father
Referral History

Source of Referral

Subject was referred to the neurology department due to recurrent seizures.

Presenting Concerns:

Subject was referred to the neurology department due to recurrent seizures. His primary concerns
include uncontrolled seizures and their impact on his daily life, including employment and
personal relationships.

Medical History:

Subject has a family history of epilepsy, as his older sister also has been diagnosed with the
psychological condition.

 No history of head trauma or brain surgery.

 No history of alcohol or substance abuse.
 No significant past medical history.

Seizure History:

Subject experienced his first seizure at the age of 16. Seizures are characterized by sudden
episodes of tonic-clonic movements, lasting for approximately 2-3 minutes.Frequency of
seizures: Initially, Subject had 2-3 seizures per year, but over the past year, he has had monthly
seizures.
Seizure triggers: subject reports that lack of sleep, stress, and missed medication doses seem to
trigger seizures more frequently.

Behavioral assessment

She was not confident and not very excited to perform the test. Her body language was very low
confident . Her hand start shivering. She was feeling nervous and dizziness. Even her dress was
not proper.

Administration of Test

When I entered in the room Ms. was sitting on a chair. He was looking uncomfortable .But he
was not very interested in doing assessment. He did the assessment with not proper involvement.
He arrived on time for his scheduled testing session. He appeared to be not motivated during the
testing session and followed the directions of the administrator.

Description

Bender Gestalt Test is an individually administered pencil and paper test used to make a
diagnosis of brain injury. There are eight geometric figures drawn in black. These figures are
presented to the examinee one at a time; then, the examinee is asked to copy the figure on a blank
sheet of paper. Examines are allowed to erase, but cannot use any mechanical aids (such as
rulers).

The average time to complete the test is 5 to 10 minutes. One method requires that the examinee
view each card for five seconds, after which the card is removed. The examinee draws the figure
from memory. 

Another variation involves having the examinee draw the figures by following the standard
procedure. The examinee is then given a clean sheet of paper and asked to draw as many figures
as he or she can recall.  Last, the test is given to a group, rather than to an individual (i.e.,
standard administration).

Administration of the Bender-Gestalt I consists of one phases: 

Copy Phase ○ Examinee is shown stimulus cards with designs and asked to copy each of the
designs on a sheet of paper .
Material needed:

 Two pencils with erasers, 8 sheets of drawing paper, and a stopwatch (not included in test
kit).
 Administer test on a table, seated across from the examinee if possible  Supply one pencil
and one sheet of paper (vertically in front of examinee) .
 Show the stimulus cards to the examinee one at a time (aligned with the top of drawing
paper.

Scoring:

Scoring system • Lacks (1984) adapted this system and provided a detailed scoring manual
along with substantial empirical support. •

Types of errors 1. Rotation 2. Overlapping difficulty 3. Simplification 4. Fragmentation 5.

Retrogression 6. Perseveration 7. collision tendency 8. Impotence 9. Closure difficulty 10. Motor
in coordination 11. Angulations difficulty 12. Cohesion 12

• Scoring checklist for the Lacks indicators of organicity • 1. Rotation • ____________ • 2.

Overlapping difficulty • ____________ • 3. Simplification • ____________ • 4. Fragmentation •
____________ • 5. Retrogression • ____________ • 6. Perseveration • ____________ • 7.
Collision or collision tendency • ____________ • 8. Impotence • ____________ • 9. Closure
difficulty • ____________ • 10. Motor in coordination • ____________ • 11. Angulation
difficulty • ____________ • 12. Cohesion • ____________ • Time greater than 15 minutes •
____________ • Total score • _____________ • Test diagnosis • _____________ • Source:
Adapted from Bender Gestalt Screening for Brain Dysfunction, 2nd ed., 1999, by Lacks, New
York.

Quantitative Interpretation:

Eror A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Present

Rotation 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

overlap 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

simplification 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
frangmentation 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1

Retrogression 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Presevaration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

collision 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Impotence 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

closure 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Motor 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
incordination

Angulation 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1

Cohesion 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1

time 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total score 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 5

Qualitative interpretation:

Score presence of error, not frequency, and score conservatively. For example, even if Rotation is
scored for each figure, score only 1 in the Present column. Total Score 2) If the subject rotates the
card or paper and then draws correctly, it is correct. 3) Generally, 3 or fewer errors indicates an
absence of visuoconstructive deficits or brain impairment; 4 errors is a borderline score; and 5 or
6 errors provide some evidence for brain impairment. The greater the number of errors, the
greater the evidence for some type of brain impairment: strong evidence with 7 or 8 errors and
very strong evidence with 9 to 12 errors. Five or more errors is serious, but not if the subject is
lazy, impulsive, unmotivated, or uncooperative.

The cut off score of bender gestalt test is 8 and the subject scored is 5 which provide some
evidence for brain impairment. She has committed an error in fragmentation in card no 7.She has
added an angle in card 6 and rotation error in card 2 .She has also comitted an erorr in motor
cordination in card 1.She used a eraser which indicates that severe degree of dysfunction,
possibly psychosis, difficuly with poor concentration and learning.
Conclusion:

Subject has neuropsychological deficits. The result showed that the subject is fall in any
neuropsychological disorder.The error which she made might because of loss of Consciousness
this can lead to confusion and memory gaps surrounding the seizure episode. Seizures may
involve muscle stiffening (tonic phase) or rhythmic jerking (clonic phase) during the
test.Automatisms shows during test these are repetitive, purposeless actions that can occur during
a complex partial seizure. Examples include lip smacking, hand wringing, or other involuntary
movements.

Suggestions:

To reduce the effect establish a regular sleep schedule and aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep per
night. Lack of sleep can trigger seizures in patient. Stress reduction techniques such as relaxation
exercises, meditation, or yoga can be helpful, as stress is a known trigger for seizures in some
people. Excessive alcohol and caffeine consumption can increase the risk of seizures. Moderation
is key. Identify and avoid specific triggers that may provoke seizures. These can be unique to
each individual and may include flashing lights, certain foods, or stressors.
REPORT#3 BRAIN TUMOR

Introduction ……………………………………………………………1

1.1 Bio data ..……………………………..……………………………..….…1

1.2 Referral history…….…………………………………………….………....1

1.3 Test Administration………………………………………………………...2

1.4 Quantitative interpretation………………………….……………………....3

1.5 Qualitative interpretation……………………………………………….….4

1.6 Conclusion………………………………………………………………….5

1.7Suggestion…………….……………………………………………………6
Introduction

The Bender Visual Motor Gestalt test (or Bender-Gestalt test) is a psychological
assessment used to evaluate visual-motor functioning, visual-perceptual skills,
neurological impairment, and emotional disturbances in children and adults ages three
and older.

The Bender-Gestalt is used to evaluate visual-motor maturity and to screen children

for developmental delays. The test is also used to assess brain damage and
neurological deficits. Individuals who have suffered a traumatic brain injury may be
given the Bender-Gestalt as part of a battery of neuropsychological measures, or
tests.The Bender-Gestalt is sometimes used in conjunction with other personality tests
to determine the presence of emotional and psychiatric disturbances such
as schizophrenia.

Bender Gestalt II consists of a series of stimulus cards, each displaying a unique figure. The
individual is asked to draw each figure as he or she observes it. The stimulus card is not
removeduntil the drawing is complete. This edition of the test adds items and extends the
range of ability assessed. New recall procedures to measure visual–motor memory ensure a
more comprehensive assessment of visual–motor skills. And supplemental tests of simple
motor and perceptual ability help identify specific visual–motor deficits. An optional timing
component allows the examiner to time each drawing, and scoring is now quicker and easier.
Conormed with the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, Fifth Edition, the Bender Gestalt II
was standardized on more than 4,000 individuals ranging in age from 4 to 85+ years. The
composition of the standardization sample corresponds to the 2000 U.S. population. The
Bender Gestalt II is an ideal way to start an extended psychological test battery. With its
simple design and administration, the test is a nonthreatening way to warm up to more
challenging assessments.
Bio Data
Name: A
Age: 23
Gender: Female
Education: MA
Religion: Islam
Birth date: 10-10-2000
Marital status: Single
Residential area: Gujrat
Family system: Nuclear
Head of family: Father

Referral History

The client was referred by Teacher.

Presenting Concerns:

Source of Referral

Subject was referred by my cousin who’s friend was suffering from brain tumor.

Presenting Concerns:

She was presented with a history of progressively worsening headaches for the past
six months. The headaches were mainly frontal, dull in nature, and associated with
nausea and occasional vomiting. She also reported visual disturbances, including
double vision and blurring. Furthermore, She complained of difficulty in maintaining
balance and frequent falls in the last two months.

Medical History:

She has a history of hypertension for which he takes anti hypertensive medication.
she has no significant past surgical history and no known allergies.

Family History:

No family history of brain tumors or neurological disorders.

Physical Examination:
On physical examination, she appeared in moderate distress due to headache.
Neurological examination revealed:

 Decreased visual acuity in both eyes.

 Pupillary abnormalities (anisocoria).
 Impaired extraocular movements with horizontal gaze palsy.
 Bilateral papilledema on fundoscopy.
 Ataxia and impaired coordination during tandem gait testing.
 Otherwise unremarkable general physical examination.

Educational History:

She is doing her MA in Education.

Maritel History:

Not married yet.

Behavioral assessment

She was not confident and not very excited to perform the test. Her body language was very
low confident . Her hand start shivering. She was feeling nervous and dizziness. Even her
dress was not proper.

Administration of Test

When I entered in the room Mr. was sitting on a chair. He was looking uncomfortable . He
was very interested in doing assessment. He did the assessment with proper involvement. He
arrived on time for his scheduled testing session. He appeared to be highly motivated during
the testing session and followed the directions of the administrator.

Description

Bender Gestalt Test is an individually administered pencil and paper test used to make
a diagnosis of brain injury. There are eight geometric figures drawn in black. These
figures are presented to the examinee one at a time; then, the examinee is asked to
copy the figure on a blank sheet of paper. Examines are allowed to erase, but cannot
use any mechanical aids (such as rulers).

The average time to complete the test is 5 to 10 minutes. One method requires that the
examinee view each card for five seconds, after which the card is removed. The
examinee draws the figure from memory. 
 Another variation involves having the examinee draw the figures by following the
standard procedure. The examinee is then given a clean sheet of paper and asked to
draw as many figures as he or she can recall.  Last, the test is given to a group,
rather than to an individual (i.e., standard administration).

Administration of the Bender-Gestalt II consists of two phases: 

Copy Phase ○ Examinee is shown stimulus cards with designs and asked to copy
each of the designs on a sheet of paper .

Recall Phase ○ Examinee is asked to redraw designs from memory .

Material needed: Two pencils with erasers, 8 sheets of drawing paper, and a
stopwatch (not included in test kit).  Administer test on a table, seated across from
the examinee if possible  Supply one pencil and one sheet of paper (vertically in
front of examinee)  Show the stimulus cards to the examinee one at a time (aligned
with the top of drawing paper.

Scoring;

Scoring system • Lacks (1984) adapted this system and provided a detailed scoring manual
along with substantial empirical support. •

Types of errors 1. Rotation 2. Overlapping difficulty 3. Simplification 4. Fragmentation 5.

Retrogression 6. Perseveration 7. collision tendency 8. Impotence 9. Closure difficulty 10.
Motor in coordination 11. Angulations difficulty 12. Cohesion 12

• Scoring checklist for the Lacks indicators of organicity • 1. Rotation •

____________ • 2. Overlapping difficulty • ____________ • 3. Simplification •
____________ • 4. Fragmentation • ____________ • 5. Retrogression •
____________ • 6. Perseveration • ____________ • 7. Collision or collision tendency
• ____________ • 8. Impotence • ____________ • 9. Closure difficulty •
____________ • 10. Motor in coordination • ____________ • 11. Angulation
difficulty • ____________ • 12. Cohesion • ____________ • Time greater than 15
minutes • ____________ • Total score • _____________ • Test diagnosis •
_____________ • Source: Adapted from Bender Gestalt Screening for Brain
Dysfunction, 2nd ed., 1999, by Lacks, New York.

Quantitative Interpretation:

Eror A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Present

Rotation 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

overlap 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
simplification 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

frangmentation 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1

Retrogression 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Presevaration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

collision 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Impotence 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

closure 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Motor 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
incordination

Angulation 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1

Cohesion 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1

time 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total score 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 5

Qualitative interpretation:

Score presence of error, not frequency, and score conservatively. For example, even if
Rotation is scored for each figure, score only 1 in the Present column. Total Score 2) If the
subject rotates the card or paper and then draws correctly, it is correct. 3) Generally, 3 or
fewer errors indicates an absence of visuoconstructive deficits or brain impairment; 4 errors is
a borderline score; and 5 or 6 errors provide some evidence for brain impairment. The greater
the number of errors, the greater the evidence for some type of brain impairment: strong
evidence with 7 or 8 errors and very strong evidence with 9 to 12 errors. Five or more errors
is serious, but not if the subject is lazy, impulsive, unmotivated, or uncooperative.

The cut off score of bender gestalt test is 8 and the subject scored is 5 which provide some
evidence for brain impairment. She has committed an error in fragmentation in card no 7.She
has added an angle in card 6 and rotation error in card 2 .She has also comitted an erorr in
motor cordination in card 1.She used a eraser which indicates that severe degree of
dysfunction, possibly psychosis, difficuly with poor concentration and learning.
Conclusion:

Subject has neuropsychological deficits. The result showed that the subject is fall in any
neuropsychological disorder.The error which she made might because of loss of
Consciousness this can lead to confusion and memory gaps surrounding the seizure episode.
Seizures may involve muscle stiffening (tonic phase) or rhythmic jerking (clonic phase)
during the test.Automatisms shows during test these are repetitive, purposeless actions that
can occur during a complex partial seizure. Examples include lip smacking, hand wringing, or
other involuntary movements.

Suggestions:

To reduce the effect establish a regular sleep schedule and aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep
per night. Lack of sleep can trigger seizures in patient. Stress reduction techniques such as
relaxation exercises, meditation, or yoga can be helpful, as stress is a known trigger for
seizures in some people. Excessive alcohol and caffeine consumption can increase the risk of
seizures. Moderation is key. Identify and avoid specific triggers that may provoke seizures.
These can be unique to each individual and may include flashing lights, certain foods, or
stressors.

REPORT #4 MENTAL RETARDATION

Introduction ……………………………………………………………1

1.1 Bio data ..……………………………..……………………………..….…1

1.2 Referral history…….…………………………………………….………....1

1.3 Test Administration………………………………………………………...2

1.4 Quantitative interpretation………………………….……………………....3

1.5 Qualitative interpretation……………………………………………….….4

1.6 Conclusion………………………………………………………………….5

1.7Suggestion…………….……………………………………………………6
Introduction

The Bender Visual Motor Gestalt test (or Bender-Gestalt test) is a psychological
assessment used to evaluate visual-motor functioning, visual-perceptual skills,
neurological impairment, and emotional disturbances in children and adults ages three
and older.

The Bender-Gestalt is used to evaluate visual-motor maturity and to screen children

for developmental delays. The test is also used to assess brain damage and
neurological deficits. Individuals who have suffered a traumatic brain injury may be
given the Bender-Gestalt as part of a battery of neuropsychological measures, or
tests.The Bender-Gestalt is sometimes used in conjunction with other personality tests
to determine the presence of emotional and psychiatric disturbances such
as schizophrenia.

Bender Gestalt II consists of a series of stimulus cards, each displaying a unique figure. The
individual is asked to draw each figure as he or she observes it. The stimulus card is not
removeduntil the drawing is complete. This edition of the test adds items and extends the
range of ability assessed. New recall procedures to measure visual–motor memory ensure a
more comprehensive assessment of visual–motor skills. And supplemental tests of simple
motor and perceptual ability help identify specific visual–motor deficits. An optional timing
component allows the examiner to time each drawing, and scoring is now quicker and easier.
Conormed with the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, Fifth Edition, the Bender Gestalt II
was standardized on more than 4,000 individuals ranging in age from 4 to 85+ years. The
composition of the standardization sample corresponds to the 2000 U.S. population. The
Bender Gestalt II is an ideal way to start an extended psychological test battery. With its
simple design and administration, the test is a nonthreatening way to warm up to more
challenging assessments.
Bio Data
Name: A
Age: 23
Gender: Female
Education: MA
Religion: Islam
Birth date: 10-10-2000
Marital status: Single
Residential area: Gujrat
Family system: Nuclear
Head of family: Father

Referral History

The client was referred by Teacher.

Presenting Concerns:

she was brought to the clinic by her parents due to concerns about her developmental
and intellectual progress. They report that she has struggled with learning and
adaptive functioning throughout her childhood, and they believe she may have an
intellectual disability.

Background Information:

She is the first child of her parents. Her mother had an uncomplicated pregnancy, and
Sarah was born full-term without any significant complications during delivery.

Administration of Test

When I entered in the room Mr. was sitting on a chair. He was looking uncomfortable . He
was very interested in doing assessment. He did the assessment with proper involvement. He
arrived on time for his scheduled testing session. He appeared to be highly motivated during
the testing session and followed the directions of the administrator.

Description
Bender Gestalt Test is an individually administered pencil and paper test used to make
a diagnosis of brain injury. There are eight geometric figures drawn in black. These
figures are presented to the examinee one at a time; then, the examinee is asked to
copy the figure on a blank sheet of paper. Examines are allowed to erase, but cannot
use any mechanical aids (such as rulers).

The average time to complete the test is 5 to 10 minutes. One method requires that the
examinee view each card for five seconds, after which the card is removed. The
examinee draws the figure from memory. 

Another variation involves having the examinee draw the figures by following the
standard procedure. The examinee is then given a clean sheet of paper and asked to
draw as many figures as he or she can recall.  Last, the test is given to a group,
rather than to an individual (i.e., standard administration).

Administration of the Bender-Gestalt II consists of two phases: 

Copy Phase ○ Examinee is shown stimulus cards with designs and asked to copy
each of the designs on a sheet of paper .

Recall Phase ○ Examinee is asked to redraw designs from memory .

Material needed: Two pencils with erasers, 8 sheets of drawing paper, and a
stopwatch (not included in test kit).  Administer test on a table, seated across from
the examinee if possible  Supply one pencil and one sheet of paper (vertically in
front of examinee)  Show the stimulus cards to the examinee one at a time (aligned
with the top of drawing paper.

Scoring;

Scoring system • Lacks (1984) adapted this system and provided a detailed scoring manual
along with substantial empirical support. •

Types of errors 1. Rotation 2. Overlapping difficulty 3. Simplification 4. Fragmentation 5.

Retrogression 6. Perseveration 7. collision tendency 8. Impotence 9. Closure difficulty 10.
Motor in coordination 11. Angulations difficulty 12. Cohesion 12

• Scoring checklist for the Lacks indicators of organicity • 1. Rotation •

____________ • 2. Overlapping difficulty • ____________ • 3. Simplification •
____________ • 4. Fragmentation • ____________ • 5. Retrogression •
____________ • 6. Perseveration • ____________ • 7. Collision or collision tendency
• ____________ • 8. Impotence • ____________ • 9. Closure difficulty •
____________ • 10. Motor in coordination • ____________ • 11. Angulation
difficulty • ____________ • 12. Cohesion • ____________ • Time greater than 15
minutes • ____________ • Total score • _____________ • Test diagnosis •
_____________ • Source: Adapted from Bender Gestalt Screening for Brain
Dysfunction, 2nd ed., 1999, by Lacks, New York.

Quantitative Interpretation:

Eror A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Present

Rotation 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

overlap 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

simplification 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

frangmentation 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1

Retrogression 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Presevaration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

collision 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Impotence 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

closure 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Motor 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
incordination

Angulation 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1

Cohesion 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1

time 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total score 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 5

Qualitative interpretation:

Score presence of error, not frequency, and score conservatively. For example, even if
Rotation is scored for each figure, score only 1 in the Present column. Total Score 2) If the
subject rotates the card or paper and then draws correctly, it is correct. 3) Generally, 3 or
fewer errors indicates an absence of visuoconstructive deficits or brain impairment; 4 errors is
a borderline score; and 5 or 6 errors provide some evidence for brain impairment. The greater
the number of errors, the greater the evidence for some type of brain impairment: strong
evidence with 7 or 8 errors and very strong evidence with 9 to 12 errors. Five or more errors
is serious, but not if the subject is lazy, impulsive, unmotivated, or uncooperative.

The cut off score of bender gestalt test is 8 and the subject scored is 5 which provide some
evidence for brain impairment. She has committed an error in fragmentation in card no 7.She
has added an angle in card 6 and rotation error in card 2 .She has also comitted an erorr in
motor cordination in card 1.She used a eraser which indicates that severe degree of
dysfunction, possibly psychosis, difficuly with poor concentration and learning.

Conclusion:

Subject has neuropsychological deficits. The result showed that the subject is fall in any
neuropsychological disorder.The error which she made might because of loss of
Consciousness this can lead to confusion and memory gaps surrounding the seizure episode.
Seizures may involve muscle stiffening (tonic phase) or rhythmic jerking (clonic phase)
during the test.Automatisms shows during test these are repetitive, purposeless actions that
can occur during a complex partial seizure. Examples include lip smacking, hand wringing, or
other involuntary movements.

Suggestions:

To reduce the effect establish a regular sleep schedule and aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep
per night. Lack of sleep can trigger seizures in patient. Stress reduction techniques such as
relaxation exercises, meditation, or yoga can be helpful, as stress is a known trigger for
seizures in some people. Excessive alcohol and caffeine consumption can increase the risk of
seizures. Moderation is key. Identify and avoid specific triggers that may provoke seizures.
These can be unique to each individual and may include flashing lights, certain foods, or
stressors.