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Unit 4

The document discusses various hormones produced by the endocrine glands, including their functions and regulatory mechanisms in the body. It highlights the roles of hormones such as growth hormone, thyroid hormones, and parathyroid hormone in metabolic processes and bodily functions. Additionally, it addresses conditions related to hormonal imbalances and the importance of these hormones in maintaining health.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
150 views10 pages

Unit 4

The document discusses various hormones produced by the endocrine glands, including their functions and regulatory mechanisms in the body. It highlights the roles of hormones such as growth hormone, thyroid hormones, and parathyroid hormone in metabolic processes and bodily functions. Additionally, it addresses conditions related to hormonal imbalances and the importance of these hormones in maintaining health.

Uploaded by

uemail542
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Date:
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Page ****************

he ndocxine oysitm
*ncoine Gland H_aland ohose Sereiion is
leand diedly ini& he blocd.simam lhout
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Containing icdin
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bod bLT qulaie o oih
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dxausih inbibiiin4 boymond (GHJ Somuostrlns
Ca

Ca
inhibits he seaon ahGH om ihe anleior
obeo ihe piluifaryáland.
onada apin elkasinanormone GnltH2
Simulales heanlaid bbe olh pituday
lanoLle lu0 gonadalhobi homái
Nle dimulaing hoymone (SH_and lultinising
a

a
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rm

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oladin_ inhibjiing ha one PTH)Simuleles the
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ha

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anleaio obe he_piluila qhnd SELle o
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ltbi)Maey
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Gland
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n_
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Ca
hisbeay-shabid qlanc mtasuzing 1:5ch
iamleaht n mehYSÞhyital sq la la
Huxitasphtnoicd neIH 7, ahr hed he
bapoihalamu bAsalhaxeqnexally3
bes únKAri
niioxbhe alsocull.dadthohohyd>
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a
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rm

rm

rm
exior_ lobe inushps huais
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ha

ha
Htay disdex
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lP

lP

um
el

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hildbocdc.ahes ihis disodeY, Vendh iSs hol


w

hgandiamcHpx seLulion aGHduing hildho


ta an _ahay malA inuleh oan4-
re

re

-gicankm
boneMRea_be1on gleues
Ca

Ca

L Dy be l
pagalynypnstlion GH,cluip chilclhoad is
allc donhe
, bohas ahands
aboyepds enque nse énlarg
hilaene
Ihichaen &olhu
& alher iisue
lisue
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UL

Lall

re

re
he
b sO d Involunlaiy mleso
hladA,uainaz bladde,
Ca

Ca
Inint,4all_bladdY
ond blocd VessH axe dim ulaled k lon \u
ADH HDH dlo deytaItsheLl f
D4 a) lole(, LSbich inuY ta bloodipiuL
a

a
Thyxaid Gland
rm

rm

rm
xoid i lhe láiqstLncocxine qlanc
qlad
ha

ha

ha
ocakdalefor o
|llasyn- n ihentot
thehxoidtaniilaqe
dvedob lom tndaexm
h
lP

lP

lP
hi tmbyyo t i comosid olghi ancl l-
el

el
latsal lbts One on dhey iicde anoihe
w

w
ahealhat axL Lonneuiid by idhmus
re

re
Thelliulaa cll produe ohor mons
Ca

hyóxint
Hodolh
or deixa iodoihyanine(ly
yxonin () antalso 4mor
1and Ca (hd

as dhyoic homones hyoidqlanci sdimulald


xeasLiisboz hozmanby hoicddimuladini lobk
har mone HStLLled b he anlerioa
a

a
pluiay hein seLILion_ Canyolled by
rm

rm

rm
negaTieedbauh ystm-
ha

ha

t ha
h4haíd and
lP

lP

lP

hddulob bom ih tndocdeym olmhiyo ami


el

el

Consisiso duxsebcaieqlo nds locg1e on


w

h pajezn surlacadhe loberiohao id


re

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gland kach has ámasalabauta


Ca

Ca

heaadhysoid glanclui contain oind s oL


Lhiib e liacellt. tallec
chief tlLSp0duce
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re

re
faxalhuoid homonePTH)alsoLallLdfind
Ca

Ca
paa hby mone hu luniion Dfho6ihti
naton
Oll called oxyhhil cell is
PTH is ihe mjOxyequ latoa hel leels ol
altium magnesilum VandbhosphalLitonsi
a

a
heHumbE and
hblood. PPHinatas PIHalso 1adsbr
rm

rm

rm
aLiuiiy Ttallasi HPO4_lAd
PIHdLasLsbloac
ha

ha

ha
the idntgs
inLYLaL q
bload (a and evtk
lP

lP

lP
and
el

el
axathyyaid land disoxdexs
Hbopena ihyxoidis mI ltad.s Ho cudelicieny-
w

w
LO
re

re
bloocL L uhiih(ausLs niQranscund
debalani2e ad piOduLe_ele
Ca

Ca
muscle ihyes
slthtialssponianeousy lhis ltads do dhs,
asma cnd iany oshelelal musLl
tba
aumou oone ht_box ii lhyxo4
aaxaihysaidmiP1HET mostdu
BondsE comtatand_tasilyaLIixd
a
a

a
Hgh booc l bxo motsormaion o
rm

rm

rm
ntyslon aliautDrAanality _thap4,
ha

ha

ha
hysoid Yland disóxdess
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a ihyxoidiim-h most_Lommon orm a


av
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b hyxoidis m ls dstait ou
bo Mmes moxe
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Olln in jemaltshan inu


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maltsAL Lallybar04 40 4Nqu disea


aniaulainmudiat ohic h ihe prson
Ca

Ca

sccueanii bodis ha mimi h _lion o


H Th anlipodiescondinuala uimulale dhe
roid qlunch bgsoLa ard tuce thyoid honu
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ma
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Page NO. *T

oLoiqhtsliahi
Ca

Ca
Oher 4nPlo.msCx loss heaYt raj-
nLA In dylnpapid
YLilessnEssIxealmtni includ
navoLLSNIS_Ond
SuYaiLal imoual oa all o Inhe
axt oxaulive P

io adio 1CO
Hh6ic qlanduse
dslaoy huoicd issu,theusL_of
seu
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a
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rm

rm

rm
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hao icN hoimonet
homonel
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Hyiorhyoidium ((linismiLL
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ishgtnlal
Lautd oy ci KeyLof Hhysoic hoxmon in
w

w
Bodyqx0u
in lant nant haP slbusYedukd ha xcle
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mthiadeuilop.ment or mtlali
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ihrympom.s
BdleY
inude sloi hayl bea, lacar
in bocyitmbSlunlRc CiouS1N- Ca
Digeon Lhest &imenT i by an iedhy
ladiminisisaon obyyoid nd
hOYVTOHLA eihd

onnuidujoy
Smbly an inlaIqtd Jhyioid.
a

a
USimple uoit IES
rm

rm

rm
gland t maybe iassocialid iathhpt lhodi=
yahroid iihhe lolevel ofnYnGioicC
ha

ha

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prmone in lht blaoddim ulale qrlion
lP

lP

lP

oSH,whuh Laustihyraid qland th|ungme


el

el

iiHashimalsdiMaLnhis
asbds ohy
clNtasta h
soidunciion dimbuixed
w

an aulbimmunlCis tase in lohih-


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hdhyY0 Icqland i dihoyedhy


Ca

Ca

aulaim muhi-
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dO Page No. ********

re

re
Ca

Ca
FORENALLANDS
isdivived Om thdxtnal
adxenal (oi
he mbruo ahd hea
tssdtm ofhe yomh hLuotilode
mtdullaclulobs
a

a
rm

rm

rm
ll htmbyo loualrd ophe
hese ax baked sluzure
haveálaflthtdPyCmi
ha

ha

ha
and
adu taLh qhnd i b5 n
opoidnty i
ShapeLn an iHle e
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lP

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hiahT 2:3 cm in oidlh dLn
el

el
y uasukaisG_|
w

w
lhe cdrinal qland axehiuh|
re

re
Hdxtnaloiax
Ca

unalLol is subdivided inlo320nts, tat


oshich seles di{Ytni ho1 mo nts Ca
Uanaqlomulo-sa lhis isdhe quilt29hhat
cabsule ánd con siu_
eabou i 15 blou he 4lond
aihe T ells tarail6sely
a

a
ed and aianatdîn sphnial tlusle
rm

rm

rm
and asthed tolums.siLY je miniaalotorlicoid
ha

ha

LiZong
aiulaia Ihiumiddl2ont is loide ha
be JheoniJtonsliluriabout soa
lP

lP

lP

he4lánch lls ar CLnq eC n lon4t


ajah
el

el

columni ldncmasillyietiute
luc6 LoyliL6ics
w

iinan Ksliuulayi hi in:ntru2.0ne (onluist


re

re

labou p
inelons lhe
ls_axtaY1aao
Ca

Ca

in oianthna ONCLh hhe2.small


lomoun of beah andza44nsSioidA
Hht hwe_mcsLulini2ing {ds honos{
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EPage No.
t
[tolikal Steoid
Ca

Ca
Hozmonts ol ddunal lxiex
Cre qoubed ino Ihee aieqoritJ qonadocor
mihexaldiliioidalutooilicoidand
h
Hitoids landhogtn
ishe maox
nexalocolitoidi. Aldostesáne o
a

a
La egulaltsnomoGSIS
rm

rm

rm
minealotoilicoidJt
Ho mineialonsNo onsand 1oniOd
ha

ha

ha
blocdoxessuxeiCLhdblooc olum
hrio adjuut o H 1nihe
exelion
lP

lP

lP
ldosieYonalG pYomóles
Xemoalalauidsomihe bod
Lne his
el

el
Can hlb preventicuudosisa
w

w
re

re
ibluQcolioidilhy rqulale mlabolium and
o (Orsol Cund Lonlaq
Ca

Ca
nie K indude
oiiisol 1y bemosf ábundanllonlaq
COlisone VIC a cu
alu060 StedionOLUIS
di(oids eu O
CRH and lo
nialiveercach syslem. itleqseoHTH om ht
oiisolomole 1Ihe_h4po-lbalumus aia inlkraKS
onleio piluiiay.
a

a
LRH ltostiniponisio c_VOiieHO}
rm

rm

rm
phsLLal and embllanal sirsseS,
ha

ha

bothLsRILS, lhz
ha
_c nadocor liLaids Cldndsoqeni).namounT
lP

lP

lP

adzenal (orlt XYAles smcll o


by Ihe.
Cndxogens Ihe major and Koqen Steled
el

el

dehuda othidhdO 1e,1on UHER)


w

adnaglar
|1le1 DuBEiy inmalii d oq th itulas 1eXnei
re

re

mu qieajr qlhniiy1okhy_pyohole
e laudin cdaeal by 1he 1uis
Ca

Ca

emole pEyLmpoylanf
ibidaard a tonenNo inio siaoqtnsbyhe bodi
ssues
ma

ma

ma
ar

ar

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Ca

Ca
gO Date:.
.
d Page No. u

dtnal oi Diodis
Laustc _b tnlsLo
a |uhing'sSyndzome i
Corihsa labieh may be due lo a umQU al
a

a
the aidxnnal coy1e or
e lumqurihlSea
rm

rm

rm
luan_stimulale xltssive_
ALTH, in
whih isol. Olhex smpYoms ak ney
ha

ha

ha
Steon o
hupeyitnsion huhrrgyeiudueastd sesilana
lP

lP

lP
oSxsS, mood uangs4iJe n plaima
el

el
Jise blboc Nalum.
w

w
DiszoveHbseLTeclion
n qluLó (Ol
bdddiso caldodezonecou ddlson
re

re
disedse he
ord
Ca

i áuloim muneltiha4y
co Ca
hgor1y osoadnii
ich enibadhL intlads mnal
Cqusscolr clesuclionoibloki bi dim
HCTH tt4tplorsHpical mbion
nautd and voming, oejahi: loshusqlycemla
ap eal men _consisol
a

a
muLula wedbnAAs LAnc
rm

rm

rm
plang qlu(OConlcojds n(easinny
sodium he dial id
ha

ha

ha
onae
lP

lP

lP
comaslia It is he deulopme.nt e
males a
el

el

elaxgcd mammaygladinbe
w

Deastd istoslonltval my also


re

re

l&cl do-
FOynatcómaslia
Ca

Ca
ma

ma

ma
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Ca
.

Ca
ate..
GOPage No.
tt:

Adtnal N iheinntx qion oth


DedullaT1smodiitdsmpadhed?e
dtna4ladanc
ganglioo ht aub homi Sm(HNS) The
sec 3Mhoxnones
a

a
B oadxen al medlla
rm

rm

rm
ahugolanimiie lhese calls A

be han
tallec Ch xoma in Cell Ophae6Lhxomdyiu.
ha

ha

ha
lP

lP

lP
monsoLdcxena eculla
medulla olod atnál9landsieiIeles uo
Hay
el

el
he montsdiaiyecd om hecmia Ccid
w

w
box
re

re
xosin naie pine hhxine candebLnebhrint
t xqulaltihe_blood pYsl
Ca

Ca
uiNoxuhincþhxine
CndeyMxmal londifionX by tausíng.onsiyiii
tntially blpac vsslohebocdy
all the aulivily
(aSeShxeastdi o4lheharl,-
inhibiion of GT aauidil&lionco ay uo43 Lo
heIn4s
a

a
nEpinuhhaine CHlenalint)It sscede ai samn the
rm

rm

rm
m mtgintyt lauitsalmosthe
ha

ha

s_s ho_hused bynovebinephrint


ha
Howevay, epinthhxineidi13 om no Iepineobun
lP

lP

lP

n Cousing a aYtoieyet dn taxdiaL autividy


el

el

talus ony uoha lonsiqlion_o blood yesss


w

and ha störaalimt.s qYealtr me taboli kht


re

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Ca

Ca

-
ma

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dO Page NO. i

Ca

Ca
ineal Gland,(Ehibhysii(ee.bil
Ltmbdavelop romhetiodkrm ofihe
ua Jt iasmall pinclone sbaped
e
tdociine aland_alathidda lhe YoooI
Hhixd VeYNlOhbrainqIihemidi
he rpilhalamui itis posidon«d b
ai
a

a
(onsits o
ihe ln Lollfculihe qlondseurLIOTY
rm

rm

rm
L
maiseG heu0qliadnd
ha

ha

ha
and pintalotyiu
lP

lP

lP
el

el
h4ialoqical roles obineal qlánd cdi|
w

w
untlrar inousn la Setxd oneioimoncalled
alalonindeaiuid sOme2obnin dll
re

re
oimone uTpomoltss
Ca

Ca
heith
elgtonin tontnhOlian in dhebloodabbem
alla a diuy nal (day-nighl cyde ma
mtlaonin is liasud i%doao nerigng le
in sioysunlighi.Jn dazpnes mrcpine
in lkased he sgmpalhelieibxu
an 4ilion
a

a
slimulaiesgnh«fis
rm

rm

rm
lmiladoninthih bocty pomoltslerbiness.
ha

ha

)
ha
atoninlthaxe hiqherin childn qd
lP

lP

lP
lde.line coh_ in adultbood but lhu
np ecdinc m hona in mlahnin
el

el

crdian (onelale Loih the Onset obupt


w

ual mulurl 1on


re

re

DisoxckenSxtss k cditiaymbils my leadh deliihyol bsh


Ca

Ca

rcenin maianin disoxcder ar.eephscion


oeua
duniopPAiituamtmoY bxohlemhalat
codidnalion hoblmd abmT hstaid sanilaa
a naie meobaust inikrlnd be7aectiuiskeb disordes,
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