Unit 4
Unit 4
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he ndocxine oysitm
*ncoine Gland H_aland ohose Sereiion is
leand diedly ini& he blocd.simam lhout
a
a
Lcdud.
rm
rm
rm
OCine glandAgland tohose SiLi1ionihd
ha
ha
ha
htiy La ul of Hhe
q_panttfaiiL_dud)
qlanc hiough du a
lP
lP
lP
xh0xin dELLiionot lhahoicglancls
Containing icdin
el
el
asal Melaballi Rale LBmR) Opli mum mtiabalic
w
w
xale ihe bodylo bxcdute enough hialjoy
re
re
Ah bad
Ca
*
Ozmone
noltcul
a xiie orudoui n4 ia
haT
is rltatd in dne part
midiai0- Ca
bod bLT qulaie o oih
hebodhepod lheatiuii lls in_olhty
a
a
Huniins
gulat:ohoxmont
rm
rm
rm
1Hlb nmica
.Che Lomasilion K iniexnal enixomint..
ha
ha
obolsmindng}-
ha
lP
lP
lP
oni1atiion omooilmucleibrs
londulaaselian
el
el
domeimmun AGslemoxLS.S-
w
re
3 Kqulade o
obraiion nal
ypI and Oduiua suSlim.
H loblish ciLadion shylhmus
Ca
Ca
ma
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dxausih inbibiiin4 boymond (GHJ Somuostrlns
Ca
Ca
inhibits he seaon ahGH om ihe anleior
obeo ihe piluifaryáland.
onada apin elkasinanormone GnltH2
Simulales heanlaid bbe olh pituday
lanoLle lu0 gonadalhobi homái
Nle dimulaing hoymone (SH_and lultinising
a
a
rm
rm
rm
hOimone
oladin_ inhibjiing ha one PTH)Simuleles the
ha
ha
ha
anleaio obe he_piluila qhnd SELle o
lP
lP
lP
polacdin
el
el
tuitar Gland CHpaphais
ltbi)Maey
w
w
Gland
re
re
tdevlops omh Adadlem ohe tmbayo
n_
Ca
Ca
hisbeay-shabid qlanc mtasuzing 1:5ch
iamleaht n mehYSÞhyital sq la la
Huxitasphtnoicd neIH 7, ahr hed he
bapoihalamu bAsalhaxeqnexally3
bes únKAri
niioxbhe alsocull.dadthohohyd>
a
a
(on stlul157 of loa ogighi & ndu
rm
rm
rm
exior_ lobe inushps huais
ha
ha
ha
Htay disdex
lP
lP
lP
um
el
el
re
-gicankm
boneMRea_be1on gleues
Ca
Ca
L Dy be l
pagalynypnstlion GH,cluip chilclhoad is
allc donhe
, bohas ahands
aboyepds enque nse énlarg
hilaene
Ihichaen &olhu
& alher iisue
lisue
ma
ma
ma
ar
ar
ar
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UL
Lall
re
re
he
b sO d Involunlaiy mleso
hladA,uainaz bladde,
Ca
Ca
Inint,4all_bladdY
ond blocd VessH axe dim ulaled k lon \u
ADH HDH dlo deytaItsheLl f
D4 a) lole(, LSbich inuY ta bloodipiuL
a
a
Thyxaid Gland
rm
rm
rm
xoid i lhe láiqstLncocxine qlanc
qlad
ha
ha
ha
ocakdalefor o
|llasyn- n ihentot
thehxoidtaniilaqe
dvedob lom tndaexm
h
lP
lP
lP
hi tmbyyo t i comosid olghi ancl l-
el
el
latsal lbts One on dhey iicde anoihe
w
w
ahealhat axL Lonneuiid by idhmus
re
re
Thelliulaa cll produe ohor mons
Ca
hyóxint
Hodolh
or deixa iodoihyanine(ly
yxonin () antalso 4mor
1and Ca (hd
a
pluiay hein seLILion_ Canyolled by
rm
rm
rm
negaTieedbauh ystm-
ha
ha
t ha
h4haíd and
lP
lP
lP
el
re
Ca
ma
ma
ar
ar
ar
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Page 10 of 16
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faxalhuoid homonePTH)alsoLallLdfind
Ca
Ca
paa hby mone hu luniion Dfho6ihti
naton
Oll called oxyhhil cell is
PTH is ihe mjOxyequ latoa hel leels ol
altium magnesilum VandbhosphalLitonsi
a
a
heHumbE and
hblood. PPHinatas PIHalso 1adsbr
rm
rm
rm
aLiuiiy Ttallasi HPO4_lAd
PIHdLasLsbloac
ha
ha
ha
the idntgs
inLYLaL q
bload (a and evtk
lP
lP
lP
and
el
el
axathyyaid land disoxdexs
Hbopena ihyxoidis mI ltad.s Ho cudelicieny-
w
w
LO
re
re
bloocL L uhiih(ausLs niQranscund
debalani2e ad piOduLe_ele
Ca
Ca
muscle ihyes
slthtialssponianeousy lhis ltads do dhs,
asma cnd iany oshelelal musLl
tba
aumou oone ht_box ii lhyxo4
aaxaihysaidmiP1HET mostdu
BondsE comtatand_tasilyaLIixd
a
a
a
Hgh booc l bxo motsormaion o
rm
rm
rm
ntyslon aliautDrAanality _thap4,
ha
ha
ha
hysoid Yland disóxdess
lP
lP
lP
el
b hyxoidis m ls dstait ou
bo Mmes moxe
w
re
Ca
ma
ma
ar
ar
ar
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Page NO. *T
oLoiqhtsliahi
Ca
Ca
Oher 4nPlo.msCx loss heaYt raj-
nLA In dylnpapid
YLilessnEssIxealmtni includ
navoLLSNIS_Ond
SuYaiLal imoual oa all o Inhe
axt oxaulive P
io adio 1CO
Hh6ic qlanduse
dslaoy huoicd issu,theusL_of
seu
a
a
Cindilhyoid chuds d blobcb ihe SunlheiO
rm
rm
rm
ha
ha
ha
hao icN hoimonet
homonel
lP
lP
lP
biHbolhoid ism Hbo Secxelion oflhyXoid
Hyiorhyoidium ((linismiLL
el
el
ishgtnlal
Lautd oy ci KeyLof Hhysoic hoxmon in
w
w
Bodyqx0u
in lant nant haP slbusYedukd ha xcle
re
re
mthiadeuilop.ment or mtlali
Ca
ihrympom.s
BdleY
inude sloi hayl bea, lacar
in bocyitmbSlunlRc CiouS1N- Ca
Digeon Lhest &imenT i by an iedhy
ladiminisisaon obyyoid nd
hOYVTOHLA eihd
onnuidujoy
Smbly an inlaIqtd Jhyioid.
a
a
USimple uoit IES
rm
rm
rm
gland t maybe iassocialid iathhpt lhodi=
yahroid iihhe lolevel ofnYnGioicC
ha
ha
ha
prmone in lht blaoddim ulale qrlion
lP
lP
lP
el
iiHashimalsdiMaLnhis
asbds ohy
clNtasta h
soidunciion dimbuixed
w
re
Ca
aulaim muhi-
ma
ma
ma
ar
ar
ar
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FORENALLANDS
isdivived Om thdxtnal
adxenal (oi
he mbruo ahd hea
tssdtm ofhe yomh hLuotilode
mtdullaclulobs
a
a
rm
rm
rm
ll htmbyo loualrd ophe
hese ax baked sluzure
haveálaflthtdPyCmi
ha
ha
ha
and
adu taLh qhnd i b5 n
opoidnty i
ShapeLn an iHle e
lP
lP
lP
hiahT 2:3 cm in oidlh dLn
el
el
y uasukaisG_|
w
w
lhe cdrinal qland axehiuh|
re
re
Hdxtnaloiax
Ca
a
ed and aianatdîn sphnial tlusle
rm
rm
rm
and asthed tolums.siLY je miniaalotorlicoid
ha
ha
LiZong
aiulaia Ihiumiddl2ont is loide ha
be JheoniJtonsliluriabout soa
lP
lP
lP
el
columni ldncmasillyietiute
luc6 LoyliL6ics
w
re
labou p
inelons lhe
ls_axtaY1aao
Ca
Ca
ma
ma
ar
ar
ar
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EPage No.
t
[tolikal Steoid
Ca
Ca
Hozmonts ol ddunal lxiex
Cre qoubed ino Ihee aieqoritJ qonadocor
mihexaldiliioidalutooilicoidand
h
Hitoids landhogtn
ishe maox
nexalocolitoidi. Aldostesáne o
a
a
La egulaltsnomoGSIS
rm
rm
rm
minealotoilicoidJt
Ho mineialonsNo onsand 1oniOd
ha
ha
ha
blocdoxessuxeiCLhdblooc olum
hrio adjuut o H 1nihe
exelion
lP
lP
lP
ldosieYonalG pYomóles
Xemoalalauidsomihe bod
Lne his
el
el
Can hlb preventicuudosisa
w
w
re
re
ibluQcolioidilhy rqulale mlabolium and
o (Orsol Cund Lonlaq
Ca
Ca
nie K indude
oiiisol 1y bemosf ábundanllonlaq
COlisone VIC a cu
alu060 StedionOLUIS
di(oids eu O
CRH and lo
nialiveercach syslem. itleqseoHTH om ht
oiisolomole 1Ihe_h4po-lbalumus aia inlkraKS
onleio piluiiay.
a
a
LRH ltostiniponisio c_VOiieHO}
rm
rm
rm
phsLLal and embllanal sirsseS,
ha
ha
bothLsRILS, lhz
ha
_c nadocor liLaids Cldndsoqeni).namounT
lP
lP
lP
el
adnaglar
|1le1 DuBEiy inmalii d oq th itulas 1eXnei
re
re
mu qieajr qlhniiy1okhy_pyohole
e laudin cdaeal by 1he 1uis
Ca
Ca
emole pEyLmpoylanf
ibidaard a tonenNo inio siaoqtnsbyhe bodi
ssues
ma
ma
ma
ar
ar
ar
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gO Date:.
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d Page No. u
dtnal oi Diodis
Laustc _b tnlsLo
a |uhing'sSyndzome i
Corihsa labieh may be due lo a umQU al
a
a
the aidxnnal coy1e or
e lumqurihlSea
rm
rm
rm
luan_stimulale xltssive_
ALTH, in
whih isol. Olhex smpYoms ak ney
ha
ha
ha
Steon o
hupeyitnsion huhrrgyeiudueastd sesilana
lP
lP
lP
oSxsS, mood uangs4iJe n plaima
el
el
Jise blboc Nalum.
w
w
DiszoveHbseLTeclion
n qluLó (Ol
bdddiso caldodezonecou ddlson
re
re
disedse he
ord
Ca
i áuloim muneltiha4y
co Ca
hgor1y osoadnii
ich enibadhL intlads mnal
Cqusscolr clesuclionoibloki bi dim
HCTH tt4tplorsHpical mbion
nautd and voming, oejahi: loshusqlycemla
ap eal men _consisol
a
a
muLula wedbnAAs LAnc
rm
rm
rm
plang qlu(OConlcojds n(easinny
sodium he dial id
ha
ha
ha
onae
lP
lP
lP
comaslia It is he deulopme.nt e
males a
el
el
elaxgcd mammaygladinbe
w
re
l&cl do-
FOynatcómaslia
Ca
Ca
ma
ma
ma
ar
ar
ar
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ate..
GOPage No.
tt:
a
B oadxen al medlla
rm
rm
rm
ahugolanimiie lhese calls A
be han
tallec Ch xoma in Cell Ophae6Lhxomdyiu.
ha
ha
ha
lP
lP
lP
monsoLdcxena eculla
medulla olod atnál9landsieiIeles uo
Hay
el
el
he montsdiaiyecd om hecmia Ccid
w
w
box
re
re
xosin naie pine hhxine candebLnebhrint
t xqulaltihe_blood pYsl
Ca
Ca
uiNoxuhincþhxine
CndeyMxmal londifionX by tausíng.onsiyiii
tntially blpac vsslohebocdy
all the aulivily
(aSeShxeastdi o4lheharl,-
inhibiion of GT aauidil&lionco ay uo43 Lo
heIn4s
a
a
nEpinuhhaine CHlenalint)It sscede ai samn the
rm
rm
rm
m mtgintyt lauitsalmosthe
ha
ha
lP
lP
el
re
Ca
Ca
-
ma
ma
ma
ar
ar
ar
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Page 16 of 16
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dO Page NO. i
Ca
Ca
ineal Gland,(Ehibhysii(ee.bil
Ltmbdavelop romhetiodkrm ofihe
ua Jt iasmall pinclone sbaped
e
tdociine aland_alathidda lhe YoooI
Hhixd VeYNlOhbrainqIihemidi
he rpilhalamui itis posidon«d b
ai
a
a
(onsits o
ihe ln Lollfculihe qlondseurLIOTY
rm
rm
rm
L
maiseG heu0qliadnd
ha
ha
ha
and pintalotyiu
lP
lP
lP
el
el
h4ialoqical roles obineal qlánd cdi|
w
w
untlrar inousn la Setxd oneioimoncalled
alalonindeaiuid sOme2obnin dll
re
re
oimone uTpomoltss
Ca
Ca
heith
elgtonin tontnhOlian in dhebloodabbem
alla a diuy nal (day-nighl cyde ma
mtlaonin is liasud i%doao nerigng le
in sioysunlighi.Jn dazpnes mrcpine
in lkased he sgmpalhelieibxu
an 4ilion
a
a
slimulaiesgnh«fis
rm
rm
rm
lmiladoninthih bocty pomoltslerbiness.
ha
ha
)
ha
atoninlthaxe hiqherin childn qd
lP
lP
lP
lde.line coh_ in adultbood but lhu
np ecdinc m hona in mlahnin
el
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Ca
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