1 Express buyer's remorse

2 Ta lk a bout financial goa l s a nd p l ans

3
Money, Finance, and You
Discuss good and bad money m a n agement
4 Exp l a i n reasons for charita b l e giving

PREVIEW
rl'J FRAM E YOU R IDEAS Take the test to learn about your personal spending style.
Circle the letter that best describes you .

0 You hear about the latest (expensive!) Yo u are invited to a birthday party E) You discover a hole in
smart phone with the coolest new and know a gift is expected, but your pants. You . • •

features. You . . . you're short on cash right now. A g o out a nd buy new pants.
A run to 1he store and stan d i n line to b e one You . . . B have the pants re paired .
of the first people to have it. A spend more o n the gift than you can c fix the pa nts yourself.
a compare prices online so you con get the afford a nyway. o other
best deal right away. s try to find a nice g ift that's not too
c tell yourself that the p rice always comes expensive.
down after a while and decide to wait. c say you ore busy and don't go, so you
o other ------- don't have to buy o gift.
o other ------

C) You would love to have a fancy high­

tech entertainment system in your 9 You always split the restaurant
living room, but you just don't have bill equally with two work
the money right now. You ••. colleagues when you eat lunch.
A buy i t with you r credit card and hope you This time you weren't hungry and
find the money to pay fo r it later. ate very little. You •.•

B cut bock o n other expenses until you've A pay your usual 1/3 o f the b i l l .
saved enough to buy it. a offer t o pay for just t h e small amount
c decide you have more im portant spending you ate.
priorities tha n buying a n enterta inment c ask the others to treat you, since your
system. amount was so sma ll.
o other _________ o other __________

You've got a good head

on your shoulders about
money. How would you
Your motto is: Your motto is:
describe your spending
Easy come, easy go. Your motto is: Waste not, want not.
style?
Everything in
moderation.

� 2:01 VOCABULARY DESCRIBING SPEN DING STYLES (I DISCUSSION Do you know anyone
Listen and repeat. you would ca l l a big spender, thrifty, or a
chea pskate? Give one or more exa m ples of
a big spender a person who reg ula rly spends a lot of money
that person's behavior to su pport you r opinion.
thrifty careful not to spend too much money
a chea pskate a person who hates to spend money

26 UNrT 3
 Understand a variety of accents.
I!] 2:02 SPOTLIGHT Read and liste n to a conversation between Brad = American E n g l i sh (sta ndard )
B ra d 's dad = American E nglish (sta ndard )
a fath e r and s o n a bout spendi ng. N otice the spotl ighted la nguage.

Bra d : Dad! Check out the smart bikes! Are impul it m . They want you to
they cool, or what? And there's a place for buy it without thinking. And the
your smart phone on the handlebars so you handlebars are just a g i m m i k to
can get texts. You don't have to look for your get you to want it .
phone while you're riding! Brad: But for once, I 'd like to be the
Dad : You've got to be kidding. "Smart bike"? first person to have something
Sounds more like a dumb bike. Don't tell me cool, you know?
you text while you're riding your bike! Dad : Well, if you h v you r h art
Bra d : Oops. I shouldn't have said that. t on this smart bike, then you'll
What I meant is that I could just stop and have to save up and pay for it
take a look. yourself. But I'll need your word
Dad: Look. Even if this were a great bike, of h o no r you won't text while
which it isn't, it's w y ov r our budg t. you're riding.
Look at the price-it's a tronom tcal ! And Brad: OK. But Dad, by the time I
what's so special about it except for the have enough money to buy a
ridiculous handlebars?-which should be smart bike myself, all my friends
illegal in my opinion . . . will have already gotten theirs!
Bra d : Well, I could I lp i n part of the cost. Dad : That may be true, but Mom
I've v d u a Ji t l for a r iny ay, like and I won't h l l o that much
you've always told me to. money for this bike, even if
Dad : Hey, I'm really proud of you for not you do chip in. It's a m t t r t
spending all your money. But this isn't a princ tpl . You know, money
rainy day. The bike is a totally unnecessary doesn't grow on trees.

I) U N DERSTAND IDIOMS AND EXPRESSIONS M atch the expressions from Spotl ight
with their m ea n i ng.

. . . . . . . . . 1 way over our budget a promise

. .... . . . . 2 astronomical b very, very high
. . . . . . . . . 3 chip in c more than we can spend
. . . . . . . . . 4 saved up a little for a rainy day d pay
. . . . . .... 5 i mpulse item e contribute some of the cost
. . . . . . . . . 6 gimmick f kept some money in case of an emergency
......... 7 have your heart set on g something you buy without thin king much about it
. . . . . . . . . 8 word of honor h something that's right
......... 9 shell out a valueless feature
. . . . . . . 10 matter of principle really want

II THINK AND EXPLAIN Support yo u r answers to the q uestions with information from Spotl ight.

1 In your opinion, will Brad buy the smart bike for himself?
2 Do you think Brad sees his dad as a big spender, thrifty, or a cheapskate? How does his dad see him?.

S PEAK I N G GROUP WORK Discuss some worthless gi m m icks a n d worthw h i l e features

you've seen promoted for the fol lowing products.

1 an electronic product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 a personal-care product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....................................................................

3 a shoe for a specific sport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4 another product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27
 !1 -
m 2:03 VOCABULARY EXPRESSI NG BUYER'S REMORSE

Read and liste n . Then l isten aga i n and repeat.

I]) 2:04 LISTEN FOR DETAILS Listen to conversati ons about items people bought. Write
the prod uct they're d iscussing.

1 ................................ . 3 ................................. 5 .................................

2 ................................. 4 ................................ .

(I 2:05 ACTIVATE VOCABULARY Listen aga i n . Pay attention to the people's regrets. From
what they say, i nfer the reason for the regrets, using expressions from the Voca bulary. Use
each Voca bulary expression only one time.

1 . . . )t.t�l<.��. !-! P. fqp, .'Yl !-! �.J:i. rP P.�... . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 ......................................................
3 .......................................................
.

.
4
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5 ......................................................

;:'mf DJ GRAMMAR EXPRESSING REGRETS ABOUT THE PAST

-
ACTMTY
WI.sh + the past perf�t
I wish I had bought a smart bike. And I wish I hadn't bought this car! G R A M M A R BOOSTER p. 129
Do they wish they had joined a gym instead of buying that treadmill? The past unreal conditional: inverted form
Don't you wish the store had had the u Phone a month ago?
Why does Ann wish she had gotten the more expensive model?

Should have or ought to have + past participle

I should have waited to buy a food processor = I ought to h ave waited to buy a food processor.
Note: American English speakers use should have, not ought to have, in negative statements and i n questions.
He should n't have bought the shoes in size 40. N OT He 0�gt:lt Ratte Rave t:>e�ght the shoes in size 40.
Should you have sold your house? N OT O�ghtye� ta ha\·e said you r house?

If only + the past perfect

Express very strong regret with If only + the past perfect. You can also use if only i n
a past u nreal conditional statement and i nc lu de a result clause.

If only I had bought an u nderwater camera ! (regret: I wish I had.)

If only we hadn't bought that car! (regret: We wish we hadn't.)
If only I had bought an underwater camera , I would have taken pictures of the coral reef.

•.n11,::
lXERCISES
D NOTICE THE GRAMMAR Find one regret a bout the past in Spotl ight on page 27.

28 UNIT 3
 [i UNDERSTAND THE GRAM MAR On a sepa rate sheet of paper, rewrite the statements
and q uest ions, cha ngi ng wish or if only + the past perfect to should have or ought to h ave.

1 She wishes she had bought a new car. (ought to)

2 Do you wish you had read the owner's manual before
I ).he ov 9 htto .have bovgM a ,,ew car.

you tried to use the espresso maker? (should)

3 We wish we had gone to a discount store instead of this fancy department store. (ought to)
4 If only I hadn't been in such a hurry to sell my house! (should)
5 Doesn't he wish he had taken the tutorial for his new computer? (should)
6 I wish I hadn't bought these gimmicky basketball shoes! (should)

c;:J PAIR WORK Read each q uotation. Then ta ke tu rns asking each q uestion. You r partner
a nswers with a statement using wish + the past perfect.

1 Steven said, "I should have exchanged those 3 Michelle's husband said, "You should have
shoes." What does Steven wish? bought a convertible." What does Michelle's
husband wish?
" He wishes he had excha nged those shoes. "
4 Clark said, "My dad should have returned the
defective tires as soon as he read about the
2 Kate said, "I shouldn't have tried to repair
problem in the news." What does Clark wish?
this air-conditioner myself." What does Kate
wish? 5 The teacher told Suzanne, "The kids ought to
have taken the school bus this morning." What
does Suzanne's children's teacher wish?

NOW YOU CAN Express buyer's remorse

f.i.'1 2:06 CONVERSATION SPOTLIGHT Read and l iste n .

Notice the spot l ighted conversation strategies.

A : You .k now, I w ish I hadn't gotten that exercise machi ne.

8: What do you mean?

A: Well, I hate to say it, but it's pretty hard to operate.

B: That's a shame. Can you .����!.I}. !F • Return it.
.
• ·seii ii: . · ·

A: It s too late. I f only I'd thought about that sooner.

'
· 'Give.it away.
B: Well, maybe you can .��H ��- • G ive it to someone.
. • Donate it.
A: I ' l l t h i n k about that. Thanks.

llJ :0 RHYTH M AND INTONATION Listen aga i n

and repeat. Then p ractice the conversation
with a partner. -- -
-

Do _.s>u stil l h ave �?

[!I NOTEPADDING Answer the q uestions on the
-- - - ------·
!.!.?
--

notepad about something you regret buyi ng.

If not, w hat d i d you � with

fil --- 1:
"8': a s i m i l a r ite � g a i n?_-
CONVERSATION ACTIVATOR Create a
Wou ld yo� ever bu
liillDlil1 conversation expressing regret. Use the
� Voca bulary and the G ra m m a r. Start l i ke t h is:
You know, I wish . . . Be sure to change ro les
and partners. DON1 STOP._
1 �--- .......
• M a ke other suggestions a bout
what to do with the item.
• Accept o r d ec l i n e the suggest i o n .
• If y o u d ec l i n e, expla i n why.
• Say as much as you ca n .

29
 !2 -
FJ 2:os GRAMMAR SPOTLIGHT Read the interview responses. N otice the spotlighted gra m ma r.

I 've decided to set a long-term goal I fi nd it helpful to try to

for myself-to save enough money picture where I want to
to buy a new car. By thi s time next be i n the next few years. By
year, I'll have put away enough next year, if I play my cards
cash for a down payment. I 'm right, I figure I 'll have gotten a
optimi stic that I ' l l be able to afford good job as a fi nancial consu ltant.
the monthly payments after that. z' That's a short-term plan, I guess.
My short-term goal is to make My long-term goals? They're stil l
a budge.t for my monthly a little u p in t h e air, b u t my
expenses and stick to it. goal is to be financially
i ndepe ndent, able to retire if
I want to, before I 'm fifty.

I 'm not a big spender, but my college expenses

have been astronomical, and now I 'm in debt. My
salary from my part-ti me job h e l ps a bit, but I sti l l had to
borrow money from my fami ly, and paying back those loans
will take some ti me. Here's my plan: By this time next year,
I 'll have graduated My immediate goal is to find a job and
make enough money to be able to put away 1 0% every month,
which I'll use to begin paying off the loans. After I 've advanced
i n my career, say after four or five years, I expect to
have started earning enough so that I 0% of my salary
will amount to more money. I really hope to have
e
paid back all my loans by the time I turn thirty.

m MAKE PERSONAL COMPARISONS Discuss the q uestions.

1 How are you similar to or d ifferent from any of the people in the Grammar Spotlight?
2 Do you cut back on your spending to buy something you want? Are you financially independent?
Give specific examples from your own life.

1:£: [!J GRAM MAR COMPLETED FUTURE ACTIONS AND PLANS: THE FUTURE
At1MTY
PERFECT AND PERFECT INFI NITIVES
Note: These are some
Use the future perfect to indicate an action that will be completed by a specified time in the expressions that commonly
future. It's com mon to state the particular time somewhere in the sentence. Form the future accompany statements i n
perfect with will have or won't have + a past participle. You can contract will. t h e future perfect:
before I after [May 1 5)
By the time Cleo gets her visa, she wlH .have waited fo r two years. on I by [Tuesday]
I 'II have finished paying for my car before the end of the year. by the time [she a rrives]
They won't have eaten lu nch before 2:00. in the next [month]
Wiii she have flnl hed work by 9:00? (Yes, she wi l l . / No, she won't.)

Use a perfect infinitive after hope, expect, intend, or pla n t o indicate that an action will
or might take place before a specified time in the future. Form the perfect infinitive with
to have + past participle.

By this time next year, I plan to have saved enough cash to buy a car. G R A M M A R BOO S T E R p. 130
They Intend to have comp eted their stud ies by June 10th. • The future continuous
The future perfect continuous
Do you expect to have paid back your loans i n the next year? (Yes, I do. / No, I don't.) •

30 UNIT 3
MM::
CXBlCISES
liJ NOTICE THE GRAMMAR F i n d a statement in Spotl ight o n page 27 w ith the futu re perfect.

(! GRAMMAR PRACTICE On a separate sheet of paper, use the cues to write sentences
with the fut u re perfect.

1 By the end of this month I I I put half my paycheck in the bank.

2 By next summer I Stan I save enough to make a down payment on an apartment.
3 Do you think you I lower I your credit card debt by December?
4 When I they I start I spending less than they earn?

II G RAMMAR PRACTICE Com p l ete the paragraph, using perfect i nfin itives.

Ed Compton has been drowning in debt, so he has some emergency short-term goals.

By the end of the month, he . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a realistic budget that he can stick to.
1 Int nd / create

As a matter of fact, he . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the last payment on his car loan by October 30th.
2 hope / made
In addition, he . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . saving 1 0% of his paycheck even before that. If he can stick to his
3 plan I be&Jn
budget and savings plan, Mr. Compton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . all the money he owes withi n the year.
4 expect / pay back

[!I ERROR CORRECTION These sentences a l l have erro rs. On a separate sheet of paper,
rewrite them correctly.

1 I expect to will earn enough money to buy a car by the end of the year.
2 Before they come back home, they will to have spent all the money they
took with them. PRO NUNC I ATION
BOOSTER p. 143
3 We hope having completed our driver training by the end of the week.
Sentence rhythm: thought groups
4 By the time I 'm thirty I will to be married for five years.

NOW YOU CAN Talk about financial goals and plans

fi.l NOTEPADDING Write you r short-term a n d long-term fina ncial goals.

com pletion dates

long-term goals

bv =-'��
by t'1� tim• l'm 1''1 irly

completion dates long-term goals ----

completion dates

� I!) DISCUSSION ACTIVATOR Discuss your fi n a ncial goals with a partner, using Ideas
i nformation from you r notepad. M a ke statements in the future perfect a n d • be financially independent
statements w i t h hope, expect, pla n , a nd • be out of debt
intend with perfect I nfin itives. Say a s much ' ' A yea r from now I'll have • cut back on spending
paid back my loans. ' ' • create a rea listic budget
as you can . Be s u re to cha nge roles and
• stick to a budget
then partners.
' By the time I g ra d u ate, I hope to have • start saving money
saved enough to buy a new car. ' '

31
 1!1Iffi1.:.'!] n
STRATEG1ES IAJI 2:09 LISTENING WARM-UP VOCABULARY GOOD AND BAD MONEY MANAGEM ENT

Read and l i ste n . Then l i ste n aga i n and repeat.

I]) VOCABULARY PRACTICE Com p lete each statement about money management, using the Voca bula ry.
Use each expression only once.

1 Some people say Mr. and Mrs. Strong are thrifty. They don't spend too much, and they always have money
in the bank for a rainy day.
Mr. and Mrs. Strong . . . . rnY.'?.r�9."1 J�dy... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 Andrew earns a small salary, but he's a big spender, so he's always out of cash .
Andrew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 The Wilsons spend everything they earn and have almost no savings in the bank.
The Wilsons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...........................................

4 When Katheri ne's credit card statement comes each month, she writes a check for the full balance.
Katherine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5 Sam acts as if he thinks money grows on trees. He can't remember where he spent this week's al lowance.
Sam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6 Every month, Melanie pays a lot of interest and a late fee on her credit card bill. She can't sleep at night
because of all that debt.
Melanie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7 Martha and Bill have everything they need and never spend more than they earn.
Martha and Bill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8 Sally always knows where her money goes. Every day she writes down everything she has bought.
Sally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32 UNIT 3
s:AlW£�; B 2:10 LISTEN TO CONFIRM CONTENT Listen to th ree calls to a radio fi nancial adviser.
Check one or more suggestions the host gives each ca ller.

Cal ler 1 Cal l e r 2 Cal l e r 3

D 1 Save all your loose change. D 1 Avoid impulse items. D 1 Use only one or two cards.
D 2 Take money out of the ATM. D 2 Talk to your parents. D 2 Pay each month's bill in full.
D 3 Put money in the bank. D 3 Save some money. D 3 Stop using credit cards.
D 4 Stick to a budget. D 4 Don't complain. D 4 Stick to a budget.

[!J 2: 1 1 LISTEN TO SUMMARIZE Listen aga i n . On a separate sheet of paper, write a

su m ma ry in two sentences of the reason each ca l le r ca l led the radio progra m .

2:12 LISTEN T O EVALUATE Choose o n e o f the ca l l ers. Expl a i n t o a partner w h y y o u t h i n k

Mack's advice i s good o r not. If s o , a d d another suggesti on . If not, offer you r own advice.

NOW YOU CAN Discuss good and bad money management

fJ FRAME YOUR IDEAS Ana lyze your own money management style.
Choose the statements o n the su rvey that best a pply to you .

DD '-------� 00
O I l i ve within my means. O I l i ve beyond my means.

O I keep track of my ex penses. O I do n't know where the

money goes.
--_,,
I save regularly.
·---------------·-----------

O O I l i ve fro m paycheck to paycheck

and spend it a l l .

O I a lways pay my c redit c a rd b i l l s O I'm d rown i n g i n debt.

i n fu l l .

l!J PAIR WORK Co m pa re yo u r answers o n t h e s u rvey.

Do you have the sa me money management style?
Explain the reasons for your choices and give
real-life exa m ples. Use the Voca bula ry.

RECYCLE T H I S LANGUAGE

• a big spender
· a cheapskate
· an i mpulse item
· stick to a budget
· save for a rainy day
· chip in

33
 !iJ READI N G WARM·U P What a re some reasons people donate money to or vol u nteer for cha rities?

liliillm
STllATEGlS 2 : 13 READ I NG R ead about some charities. How would you descri be what a cha rity is?

DOCTORS WITHOUT BOR DERS CORAL R EEF ALLIANCE

This well-known , Pollution, overfishing , a n d rapid
charitable organization
dates from 1 97 1 , when
�CI
DOCTORSNS SA.NS 'llONT/EftES
_...,...,.... WITHOUr IWRDERS
development are threatening coral reefs
around the world. The guiding belief of
300 doctors, nurses, the Coral Reef Alliance is that since these
and other staff, including journalists, officially formed it. problems are caused by humans,
Originally named (in French) Medecins Sans Frontieres they can be solved by humans.
(MSF), it became known internationally in English as Corals are resilient to change,
Doctors Without Borders. MSF's founding belief is that but if subjected to current levels
medical care should be available to everyone, regardless of stress, they are in danger
of location. Every year MSF provides of extinction within a few
emergency care to millions of decades. Coral Reef Alliance
people caught in crises in volunteers work in partnership
some 70 countries around the with the people and groups
world. It offers assistance who depend on reefs for their
when catastrophic events survival. They employ a three­
such as armed conflicts, pronged approach: reducing threats
epidemics, malnutrition, or such as overfishing and poor water
natural disasters overwhelm quality; helping com munities benefit
health resources. MSF also socially, cultural ly, and econom ically I\ healt hy cora l reef teeming with fish
assists people who are neg lected from conservation; and working directly

.
by their local health systems with the tourism industry to decrease its environmental footprint.
MSF medical personnel wear
protective gear to avoid getting Ebola
or who are otherwise If the Coral Reef Alliance is successful, we will be able to enjoy
excluded from medical care. beautiful coral reefs for a long time to come.

s:��� m WORD STUDY PARTS OF SPEEC H Write the noun, adjective, or verb form of each of
these words used in the Readi ng. Use a d i ctionary if necessa ry.

noun: charity adjective: . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . verb: assist noun: .....................

noun: contribution verb: · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · noun: pollution verb: .....................

verb: volunteer noun: .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . noun: threat verb: ....... .... ..........

verb: donate noun: ..................... noun: extinction adjective: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[!] UNDERSTAND M EANING FROM CONTEXT Comp lete the statements a bout i nformation i n the Read i n g
with a word from Exercise C .

1 Poor water quality is a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to healthy coral reefs.

2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . from the Coral Reef Alliance help communities conserve the health of their coral reefs.

3 If we don't improve the environment, coral reefs may face . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . within a few years.
4 MSF provides emergency medical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . when there aren't enough local resources.
5 Tourism has contributed to the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of the water around coral reefs.
6 The . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of philanthropists and others are welcomed by MSF and the Coral Re f Alliance.

34 UNIT 3
 I) DRAW CONCLUSIONS Com pl ete each statement with the most l i kely conclusion, based
o n the Readi ng.

1 The purpose of the Charities of the Week column is . ..... ... .

a to tell readers which charities they should volunteer for

b to educate the public each week about some good charities
2 The medical personnel of MSF usually . . . . . . . . . .
a travel to places where they are needed
b assist the people mostly in the countries where the medical personnel live
3 The people helped by the Coral Reef alliance are probably . . . . . . . . . .
a people who fish for a living near coral reefs
b tourists who visit areas with coral reefs

lllmm Ii EXPRESS AND SUPPORT AN OPI N ION Which of the two charities does more i m portant
oi.J.X� work? Explain yo u r opinion.

NOW YOU CAN Explain reasons for charitable giving

I
m FRAME YOUR IDEAS Write a checkmark next to people or orga nizations you wou l d contribute to.
Write an X next to the ones you wo u l d n 't. Then tell you r partner your reasons.

a homeless p erson a school in a poor neighborhood

'' I ' d contribute
to an a n i m a l
an organization that helps the homeless a museum protection
agency. I
a disaster relief agency a religious institution thi n k it's o u r
responsib i l ity
to protect
an animal protection agency a n i ma ls.

DJ PAIR WORK F irst rate the reasons you t h i n k

peo ple donate money to charities from 1 to 8 ,
w i t h 1 b e i ng the best reaso n . Com pa re a n d
discuss you r ratings wi.t h a partner.

. . . . . to change society
. . . . . so people will admire them
. . . . . to be a good example
. . . . . so people will thank them
. . . . . for religious reasons
. . . . . to feel good
. . . . . to help others
. . . . . other

�=
BOOS TER
[I DISCUSSION Put together the '4 My motivati on for
information from Exercises A and B. contributi ng to cha rity
i s mostly to help other
Discuss you r general and specific reasons
people. That's the reason
for contributing to the charities you I g ive money to homeless
checked, saying as much as you can . Use people and organ izations
words from Word Study when possible. that help the homeless. "

OPTI O N A L WRITI N G Choose a charity. Write a paragraph

expl a i ning why people should donate o r volu nteer for this cause.
Present you r ideas to you r c l ass o r group.
35
 Organizing i nformation by degrees of importance

m WRITING SKILL Study the ru les. '*WM¥M.J#i

1 am pro ud to say tha
t I am
fin anc iall y in dep en
den t. M y frie nd s
.
h ow I did it a nd
When writi ng a paragra p h , orga n ize you r ideas and sentences l ogica l ly. occ asion a lly ask me

a dvice. I like
ask me to give them
U se word s a n d phrases to i n d icate to the reader the re lative i m po rta nce
� �
o s a , "You have to
be fin anc ially
of the idea s . W rite the i dea s i n ord e r of i m porta nce , sta rt i ng with the most
�
nte/ 11ge nt." H ow?
Firs
t and most
i m portant. N otice the commas. im portantly, sp end
less than you
e arn. One way to .
do that is to crea te
Fi rst, i n o rd e r of i m portance,
�
a b d get an d s tick
to it. Secondly,
Most i m porta ntly, don t cha rge thin g s
on credit c ards
To begin with, that you ca n 't p ay
for at the end of
�
th mon th . last
but not least, put
Secondly, / Th i rd ly, etc . a little m oney in
to savin gs wh enev
er
Fo l l owing that, you can .

Afte r that,

Fina l ly,
Last but not least ,
Least importa ntly,
As a fi n a l poi nt,

I]) PRACTICE Com plete the paragraph with words and ph rases i nd icati ng
o rder of i m porta nce.

I try to be gen ero u s to those i n need a nd a lways contribute a

portion of my i ncome to cha rities that I t h i n k a re wo rthw h i l e . Si nce
I don't h ave a l ot of mon ey, I have to conside r wh e re my money can
do the most g ood. There are several issues I need to thin k a bout
befo re se n d i n g money. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , I want to know if the cha rity is
1
fi nan c i a l l y sou nd; that is, d oes most of the money it receives actu a l ly
go to the people i n need? O r d oes it spend too much money on
sa l aries fo r e m pl oyees of the organ izati on? I g et this information fro m
Charity N avi gato r on the I nternet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , a lthough nea rly as
2
im portant to me, is does the cha rity a d d ress a crisis of some so rt, such
as a n epidem ic? There a re so m a ny worthy cha rities, but to me, the
ones that provide i m m e diate help that ca n p reve nt death a re the most
.. .........
i m porta nt . . . . . .
3
..... , I a lways ask if the cha rity provides h e l p to
a l l people, reg a rd l ess of who they a re. I don't care if the people I help
a re i n my country o r some oth e r cou ntry, a n d I don't eare a bout their
rel igion, race, o r natio n a l ity.

MM"M99
lillfil.J]
1'1111 1
PROCESS
[I APPLY THE WRITING SKILL Write a one-paragraph D Did I present my ideas in order of
personal statement for a job o r u n iversity a p p l i cation. importance?

Descri be th ree ways yo u manage you r fi nancial D Did I use the words and
phrases to indicate their relative
responsi b i l ities. Use voca b u l a ry from this u n it a n d
importance?
o rga nize yo u r ideas i n order o f i m po rtance. Provide
D Did I u se correct punctuation?
exa m ples to support your clai ms.

36 UNIT 3
Iii REVIEW ___

m 2: 1 Listen to the conversations. Then write the letter of the statement t hat best
s u m marizes each conversation. Listen aga i n if necessa ry.

a He should be more thrifty.

b He's not really a big spender. He's just feeling generous today.
c If he'd known it would be so hard to put together, he never would have bought it.

Conversation 1 . ..... Conversation 2 . ..... Conversation 3 . . . . . .

EJ Complete the state ments about bad m oney m a nage m ent, using four d ifferent ph rases
from the Voca b u la ry in Lesson 3.

1 Marian Bates receives her salary on the last Friday of every month. By the end of the next month,
she has no money left. She . .. .. . . . . . .... . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 Paul and Clare Oliver never pay their credit cards in full, and every month the balance on their
card is bigger. They're . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . ..
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 Cheryl spends more than she earns. She . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4 Eleanor's mother gives her money every week for transportation to and from school, but by
Thursday the money's gone. Eleanor . . . . . . ... . . . . ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .

B Complete each statement with true i nformatio n , using the future perfect or a
perfect i n fi n i tive.

1 By this weekend, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 At the end of this school year, I intend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 By the time I retire . . . . . .. .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... ...... ...... ... ... ..... . ..... .. ... .. ... ... . ....... . .. ...... .. . ....... ... .... .. . ... .

4 By the year 2020, I hope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5 Before I leave this English program, I expect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l!J On a sepa rate sh eet of paper, a n swer each q uestion u s i ng wish a n d the past pe rfect o r
should h ave and a past parti ciple to exp ress a true regret from the past.

1 What do you wish you had done differently in your life? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 What decision should you have made that you didn't? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

IJ Explain in you r own words the m ea n i n g of the fol l owing words and p h rases.

1 financially independent: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 a budget: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 a short-term goal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 a long-term goal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5 astronomical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .

6 a loan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . �...................................................
. .

� Web Project: Cha rities

TE ST- TAKIN G S KILLS BOOS T E R
p. 153 �.,. www.engl lsh.com/summlt3e

37