DevOps Full Notes
1. Introduction to DevOps
- Definition: DevOps is a set of practices that combines software development (Dev) and IT
operations (Ops).
It aims to shorten the development lifecycle and deliver high-quality software continuously.
- Goals:
- Faster delivery of features
- More stable operating environments
- Improved communication and collaboration
- Early detection and correction of defects
2. Key Principles of DevOps
1. Collaboration between development and operations teams
2. Automation of the software development lifecycle (SDLC)
3. Continuous Integration (CI) and Continuous Deployment (CD)
4. Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
5. Monitoring and Logging
6. Security as Code (DevSecOps)
3. DevOps Lifecycle Phases
1. Plan - Define features and gather requirements (Tools: Jira, Trello)
2. Develop - Coding using version control (Tools: Git, GitHub, GitLab)
3. Build - Compile code and build artifacts (Tools: Maven, Gradle)
4. Test - Automated testing (Tools: Selenium, JUnit)
5. Release - Prepare for deployment (Tools: Jenkins, GitLab CI/CD)
6. Deploy - Deploy to production (Tools: Docker, Kubernetes, Ansible)
7. Operate - Maintain uptime, performance (Tools: Nagios, Prometheus)
8. Monitor - Analyze app and infrastructure metrics (Tools: Grafana, ELK Stack)
4. Popular DevOps Tools
Category | Tools
----------------|-------------------------------------------
Version Control | Git, GitHub, Bitbucket
CI/CD | Jenkins, GitLab CI, CircleCI
Configuration Mgmt | Ansible, Puppet, Chef
Containerization | Docker, Podman
Orchestration | Kubernetes, OpenShift
Monitoring | Prometheus, Grafana, Nagios
Logging | ELK Stack (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana), Fluentd
Cloud Platforms | AWS, Azure, GCP
Testing | Selenium, JUnit, TestNG
5. Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD)
- CI: Developers merge code frequently into a shared repository.
- CD: Automates release and deployment processes.
- Benefits:
- Faster development cycles
- Early bug detection
- Lower deployment risks
6. Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
- Define and manage infrastructure using configuration files.
- Tools: Terraform, CloudFormation, Ansible
- Benefits:
- Consistency
- Scalability
- Disaster recovery
7. Monitoring and Logging
- Track performance, availability, and errors.
- Logs help in debugging and performance optimization.
- Tools:
- Prometheus + Grafana for metrics
- ELK Stack for log management
8. DevSecOps
- Integration of security into DevOps lifecycle.
- Ensures code security, compliance, and risk management from the start.
- Tools: SonarQube, Snyk, OWASP ZAP
9. Benefits of DevOps
- Faster delivery of software
- Better collaboration and productivity
- Stable and reliable systems
- Continuous feedback and improvement
- Reduced failure rate of new releases
10. Career Opportunities in DevOps
- Roles:
- DevOps Engineer
- Site Reliability Engineer (SRE)
- Cloud Engineer
- Automation Engineer
- Skills Needed:
- Scripting (Bash, Python)
- Cloud services (AWS, Azure)
- CI/CD pipelines
- Containerization and orchestration
- Infrastructure as Code
11. Sample DevOps Workflow
1. Developer pushes code to GitHub.
2. Jenkins triggers build and runs tests.
3. Docker image is built and pushed to Docker Hub.
4. Kubernetes deploys the container to production.
5. Monitoring tools track performance.
